EP1007809B1 - Reinforcement device for supporting structures - Google Patents

Abstract

The ends of carbon plates reinforcing supporting elements, such as concrete beams, are divided into at least two splines having approximately the same thickness and are glued in the appropriate retaining slots of a terminal element. The splines form an angle in relation to each other. This assembly is then glued to the traction side of the supporting element, whereby the carbon plates are directly prestressed by the terminal elements in relation to the supporting element. The terminal element can be inserted into an appropriate groove in the supporting element or glued directly on the surface of the supporting element and/or doweled, optionally by using a transverse tensioning device.

Description

The present invention relates to a Reinforcement device according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for reinforcing beams after the Preamble of claim 11.

When renovating supporting structures on existing buildings The problem often arises that the supporting structure for new ones Load cases that the former dimensioning exceed, should be adjusted. Not that Support structure must be replaced in such cases Methods and devices for reinforcing such existing support structures have been found. Such Support structures can consist of conventionally constructed walls Be brick or for example reinforced concrete walls or - beams, wood, plastic or steel beams.

The reinforcement of such has long been known Support structures with retrofitted steel plates. The steel plates, i.e. band-shaped steel sheets resp. Steel slats are placed on one or two sides of the Glued supporting structure, preferably on the train loaded sides of the supporting structure. The advantage of this The process was that it was relatively quick can be carried out, but high demands the glue, i.e. the preparation of the parts and the Implementation of the gluing must be under precisely defined Ratios take place to get the desired effect to reach. Problems with this method occur in particular in the corrosion area, i.e. if supporting structures in Outdoor should be strengthened in such a way, for example Bridge girders. Because of the relatively high Weight and the manufacture of such steel slats is the maximum usable length limited. Can also from For reasons of space, use in closed rooms be problematic if the rigid steel fins are not in the corresponding space can be transported. In addition are the steel slats in applications "overhead" to for curing the adhesive against the one to be reinforced Pressing the supporting structure, which is also a high cost means.

It is known from FR 2 590 608, clamping means in the form of strips made of metal or fiber-reinforced plastic to be used over end anchorages. At this Embodiment, however, there is no flat connection of the clamping device with the supporting structure, but it is only in the two anchor points of the Clamping means a connection with the supporting structure intended. Such clamping devices are conventional already included in the planning of the supporting structure, because a subsequent equipment practically not or only with very high effort can be realized because for the Corresponding channels created in the supporting structure Need to become.

Recently, carbon fins (CFRP fins) glued to the train sides of the supporting structure and thus the load-bearing capacity of such constructions Increasing the load resistance and ductility subsequently improved. They are advantageous here simple and inexpensive application of such slats, which has a higher strength than the steel fins have much less weight and easier to are stored. The corrosion resistance is also better, which is why such reinforcements also for the Reinforcement of supporting structures are suitable outdoors. However, the final anchorage of the Slats proved problematic. Especially in this Area, the danger of the slats becoming detached is special large and there is the problem of force transmission from Slat end in the carrier.

A solution in this regard is known from WO96 / 21785, where one is at a flat angle Hole respectively Wedge-shaped recess in the carrier into which the ends of the CFRP slats are inserted and if necessary by means of brackets, loops, plates etc. be pressed against the carrier. This already leads to improve the peeling behavior and better Force transmission from the carrier into the lamella. Indeed CFRP slats of this type are used without pre-tensioning, i.e. limp, glued to the carrier. However, this becomes a large part of the reinforcement potential of these slats not used, since this only after the Base load, i.e. under stress from the actual Payload, start carrying.

The thought is now to make better use of the slats surfaced, glue them pretensioned on the carrier. A known solution provides in this regard that the The ends of the CFRP slats have short steel plates on both sides be glued on, the steel plates then away from each other braced and thus the CFRP lamella are prestressed and this biased arrangement with the one to be reinforced Carrier is glued. After the glue has dried the slats at the ends by means of plates, loops etc. pressed against the carrier and then the ends separated with the steel plates. This procedure is now but very complex and can’t work with everyone Use cases are used. The one described above Anchoring of the slat ends is now suitable not for pre-tensioning on construction sites.

The object of the present invention was now a CFRP reinforcement lamella, where the Force is transmitted from the carrier into the ends in such a way that detachment is practically avoided and which one also suitable for preloading.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a CFRP lamella with the features of claim 1 respectively. through the process solved according to claim 11. Preferred embodiments of the Invention result from the dependent claims 2 to 10 resp. 12 to 14.

By splitting the ends of a CFRP lamella in at least two, preferably three or more end flags the surface for connection to a termination element significantly enlarged. So now there is a good one Force transmission into the ends of the CFRP lamella, which over such a termination element is also simply biased can be. The one trained in block form Closing element can now either be in a recess in the Carrier used or in the preferred Embodiment with wedge-shaped splitting with flat or rough floor also simply flat on the carrier glued and / or pegged or be screwed. This embodiment is particularly suitable for Preload, which is preferably directly over the support part he follows. For example, this can be caused by tension compared to a fitting part inserted into the carrier respectively.

The ends of the CFRP slats can be split preferably either in superimposed flags or juxtaposed flags take place, respectively. in a Combination of these two variants.

The ends of the CFRP slats can be split advantageously at the construction site itself in each required lengths and dimensions. So that is this system is very universal for amplifying suitable for practically any support components and can be used with or can also be used without pretension.

Fig. 1 den Querschnitt durch einen Träger mit auf der Unterseite angebrachter erfindungsgemässer CFK-Lamelle;

Fig. 2 den Querschnitt durch den Kopfteil der CFK-Lamelle nach Figur 1;

Fig. 3 den Querschnitt durch das Ende einer CFK-Lamelle nach Figur 1 und 2;

Fig. 4 den Querschnitt durch einen Träger mit auf der Unterseite angebrachter weiterer erfindungsgemässer CFK-Lamelle;

Fig. 5 den Querschnitt durch den Kopfteil der CFK-Lamelle nach Figur 4;

Fig. 6 den schematischen Querschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemässen alternativen Kopfteil einer CFK-Lamelle;

Fig. 7 einen schematischen Querschnitt durch einen weiteren erfindungsgemässen alternativen Kopteil einer CFK-Lamelle;

Fig. 8 die Aufsicht auf eine weitere alternative Ausführungsform des Kopfteils einer CFK-Lamelle.

An embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to figures of the accompanying drawings. Show it

Figure 1 shows the cross section through a carrier with CFRP lamella according to the invention attached to the underside.

2 shows the cross section through the head part of the CFRP lamella according to FIG. 1;

3 shows the cross section through the end of a CFRP lamella according to FIGS. 1 and 2;

4 shows the cross section through a carrier with a further CFRP lamella according to the invention attached to the underside;

5 shows the cross section through the head part of the CFRP lamella according to FIG. 4;

6 shows the schematic cross section through an alternative head part of a CFRP lamella according to the invention;

7 shows a schematic cross section through a further alternative head part of a CFRP lamella according to the invention;

Fig. 8 is a plan view of a further alternative embodiment of the head part of a CFRP lamella.

Figure 1 now shows the cross section through a reinforcing beam 1. The ends of the used for this CFRP slats 2 are, according to the invention, in end elements, here anchor heads 3 and 4 used. The anchor heads 3,4 can be milled or tapered recesses of the Carrier 1 can be used, as in this figure shown. The CFRP lamella 2 is by means of a Adhesive layer 5 with the carrier 1 over the entire surface or partially connected, as well as the anchor heads 3, 4 glued. In addition, the anchor heads 3.4 by a Cross clamping device 6, here only purely schematically shown to be connected to the carrier, resulting in a better force transmission via the anchor heads 3.4 from the CFRP lamella 2 leads into the carrier 1. This Cross-clamping device 6 can, for example, through the Carrier 1 and the anchor heads 3, 4 passed through Threaded rods or dowels are made.

The formed from the CFRP lamella 2 and the anchor heads 3.4 Reinforcement device can now also be simply biased are, as on the right side of Figure 1 schematically is shown. For example, on the An underside fitting 7 can be attached to the underside of the support 1 to which a tie rod 8, which at one end is connected to the anchor head 4, attacks. It is advantageous that both anchor heads 3.4 be equipped with such a clamping device have to. The clamping device is before sticking attached and can after curing the adhesive bond between the CFRP lamella 2 and the anchor heads 3,4 and the carrier 1 can be removed again.

Figure 2 now shows the cross section through one of the Anchor heads 3. In the cuboid anchor head 3 are here preferably three leadership resp. Holding slots 9 arranged one above the other in three flags 2 'split end of the CFRP lamella 2, as in FIG. 3 shown, can record. The holding slots 9 are here arranged widened upwards and downwards and have transverse bores 10. These holes 10 result in additional anchoring points for the adhesive, with which the flags 2 'of the CFRP lamella 2 with the Holding slots 9 are connected. With that the Introduction of tensile forces from the beam 1 via the anchor head 3 improved in the CFRP lamella 2. The great However, the advantage lies in splitting the end of the Lamella 2 in the flags 2 '. This split takes place preferably in the grain of the slats, and it will thus advantageously an enlargement of the adhesive surface achieved without the strength properties of the CFRP lamella 2 are affected.

In the present example with three flags 2 ' Adhesive surface compared to a conventional lamella, which is only glued to the carrier at the end, sixfold compared to the known solution wedge-shaped recess in the carrier and adhesive bridges always tripled!

To in the exit area of the CFRP lamella 2 from the anchor head 3 bend or open the anchor head Lateral forces resulting from the wedge or arcuate Arrange the arrangement of the holding slots 9, is to be avoided preferably to install a transverse reinforcement 11, which in Figure 2 is only indicated schematically. For example this transverse reinforcement 11 by means of appropriate Bores in the anchor head 3 and passed through nuts tensioned threaded rods. Thus, any Shear stress peaks in the exit area of the anchor head 3 depressed and greater shear stresses in this zone allowed.

Next is in the anchor head 3, for example Threaded bore 12 attached, in which a Tensioner can be screwed in like this is shown schematically in Figure 1.

As already mentioned, FIG. 3 shows one end of the CFRP lamella 2 with the split into three flags 2 ' Slat end. The CFRP slat can be used with conventional After cutting to length to the desired length desired number, flags of approximately the same thickness 2 ' be split up, for example by means of a plane or knife. The advantage here is that in terms of quality the splitting relatively low requirements be divided into the essentials corresponding number of flags 2 'to achieve the Area enlargement for the connection with the anchor head 3rd

In Figure 4, the cross section through a carrier 1 is now with attached to the underside (train side) Reinforcement device according to the invention, consisting of a CFRP lamella 2 with attached at the ends Anchor heads 12 and 13. The anchor heads 12, 13 are now formed such that the CFRP lamella 2 practically the height of the adhesive layer 5 from the anchor heads 12, 13 emerges, and thus not sunk in the bottom of the carrier 1 must be arranged, but also glued flat on this underside, for example can be. Of course, the in Figure 1 indicated cross-tensioning devices 6 attached to a higher contact pressure and thus a higher Tensile strength of the connection between the anchor heads 12, 13 and the underside of the carrier. Also leave these anchor heads 12, 13, like the one previously mentioned described embodiment, simply pretension.

Figure 5 now shows the cross section through a Anchor head 12 and the corresponding arrangement of the Holding slots 9. The bottom slot 9 'is parallel to the outer wall 12 'of the support lying on the support 1 Anchor head 12 formed, the remaining slots 9 are fan-shaped towards the outside at an acute angle arranged pointing. On the one hand, this arrangement brings about the enlargement of the bonding surface of the CFRP lamella 2 the same advantages as already described, and on the other hand, enables the flat application of the Anchor heads 12, 13 without additional recesses on the carrier 1. Also in these anchor heads 12, 13 are Cross reinforcement means 11, as schematically in Figure 2 shown to avoid bending or tearing open the anchor heads 12, 13 in the area of the exit of the CFRP lamella 2nd

As a material for the anchor heads 3.4, respectively. 12, 13 is suitable metal, which has a high strength, easy workability and good Has force introduction properties, and on the other hand also plastic, especially if the Corrosion requirements must be high.

In Figure 6 is now the schematic view of another Embodiment of the invention Reinforcement device shown. The end of the CFRP slat 2 is here in two superimposed flags 2 ' split which is wedge-shaped on the outside designed anchor head 14 come to rest. You can there again with the surface of the anchor head 14 an adhesive bond.

In a further embodiment according to the invention the split flags 2 'of the end of the CFRP lamella 2 in one of plates 15 arranged one above the other in parallel formed anchor head held, as in Figure 7 in Longitudinal section shown. Here can be advantageous additionally a screw 16 for mutual Pressing the plates 15 respectively. the flags 2 'used become.

In Figure 8 is the supervision of another Embodiment of the end of the CFRP lamella 2 shown. Here the flags 2 'are not formed one above the other, but are formed side by side. Here too the splitting is preferably along the grain made of CFRP lamella 2.

The reinforcement devices according to the invention are suitable are particularly interested in the renovation of existing concrete support structures, such as blankets or Bridge girders. However, they can be for everyone known applications of conventional CFRP slats are used, such as masonry and Wooden structures. The easy preload enable the higher utilization of the strength properties of the CFRP slats than with the previously known methods. In addition the preload causes that on the pull side existing support element is pre-pressed what is particularly advantageous for bridge girders, for example.

Claims (14)

1. Reinforcing device for supporting structures (1) with CFK panel (2) characterized in that at least one end of CFK panel (2) is split into at least two strips (2') and terminates in an end element (3, 4; 12, 13).
2. Reinforcing device according to Claim 1 characterized in that each of the two ends of CFK panel (2) terminates in an end element (3, 4; 12, 13).
3. Reinforcing device according to Claim 1 or 2 characterized in that the strips (2') are inserted at least partially into retaining slots (9; 9') of end element (3, 4; 12, 13) that are preferably located wedgewise relative to one another.
4. Reinforcing device according to one of Claims 1 to 3 characterized in that the panel ends (2') are split into superimposed strips of approximately equal thickness.
5. Reinforcing device according to one of Claims 1 to 4 characterized in that retaining slots (9) of end element (3, 4; 12, 13) have a rough or corrugated surface.
6. Reinforcing device according to one of Claims 1 to 5 characterized in that bores (10) located transversely to the surface of the panel are located in end element (3) in the vicinity of retaining slots (9).
7. Reinforcing device according to one of Claims 1 to 6 characterized in that the end element (3, 4; 12, 13) is a parallelepiped made of metal or plastic.
8. Reinforcing device according to one of Claims 1 to 7 characterized in that the end element (3, 4; 12, 13) in the vicinity of the outlet of the CFK panel (2) has reinforcing devices (11), preferably threaded bolts, located transversely to the outlet direction.
9. Reinforcing device according to one of Claims 1 to 8 characterized in that the end element (3, 4; 12, 13) has a force-introduction point, preferably a threaded bore (12) opposite the outlet of the CFK panel.
10. Reinforcing device according to one of Claims 1 to 9 characterized in that the retaining slots (9) are located wedgewise in end element (3, 4; 12, 13) in such fashion that the lowest retaining slot (9') is parallel to the outlet direction of panel (2) and the other retaining slots (9) are each located fanwise with an increasing angle from the outlet opening.
11. Method for reinforcing supporting elements (1) with reinforcing devices according to one of Claims 1 to 10 characterized in that the CFK panels (2) cut to the appropriate length are separated or split at at least one end into at least two strips (2') of approximately the same thickness or width and are brought into a connection with an end element (3, 4; 12, 13) and this arrangement is glued to the tension side of the supporting element (1) to be reinforced.
12. Method according to Claim 11 characterized in that the strips (2') of CFK panel (2) are introduced into separate retaining slots (9, 9') of an end element (3, 4; 12, 13) preferably arranged fanwise with respect to one another and glued there or soaked with an adhesive.
13. Method according to Claim 11 or 12 characterized in that the ends of the CFK strips (2) are each separated or split into three strips (2') and the arrangement, before gluing with supporting element (1), is pretensioned relative to the latter by clamping means (7, 8) and then glued in the pretensioned state to supporting element (1).
14. Method according to one of Claims 11 to 13 characterized in that the CFK panel (2) is split in the fiber direction.

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