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EP1074735A2 - Piston pump driven by adjustable eccentrics - Google Patents

Piston pump driven by adjustable eccentrics Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1074735A2
EP1074735A2 EP00810698A EP00810698A EP1074735A2 EP 1074735 A2 EP1074735 A2 EP 1074735A2 EP 00810698 A EP00810698 A EP 00810698A EP 00810698 A EP00810698 A EP 00810698A EP 1074735 A2 EP1074735 A2 EP 1074735A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
eccentric
movement
pump
cylinder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP00810698A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1074735A3 (en
Inventor
Lütolf Anton
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1074735A2 publication Critical patent/EP1074735A2/en
Publication of EP1074735A3 publication Critical patent/EP1074735A3/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B7/00Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving
    • F04B7/0003Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving the distribution member forming both the inlet and discharge distributor for one single pumping chamber
    • F04B7/0011Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving the distribution member forming both the inlet and discharge distributor for one single pumping chamber and having an oscillating movement
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B7/00Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving
    • F04B7/0042Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving with specific kinematics of the distribution member
    • F04B7/0049Piston machines or pumps characterised by having positively-driven valving with specific kinematics of the distribution member for oscillating distribution members
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B9/00Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
    • F04B9/02Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being mechanical
    • F04B9/04Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being mechanical the means being cams, eccentrics or pin-and-slot mechanisms
    • F04B9/045Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being mechanical the means being cams, eccentrics or pin-and-slot mechanisms the means being eccentrics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pump comprising an axis drive, a cylinder inside which moves a piston, said cylinder comprising two conduits intake / discharge, the drive axis being connected to the piston via two eccentrics.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a micropump.
  • Document DE 40 04 142 A1 describes a piston machine whose stroke, and therefore the flow, can be changed thanks with two eccentrics.
  • the machine has two axes concentric, carrying the two eccentrics, one of which rotates inside each other.
  • the inner axis meshes with a internal gear of the external eccentric by means of a cogwheel passing through an interior eccentric light and the outer axis.
  • This piston drive device is complex and expensive to carry out, difficult to balance dynamically.
  • the length of the cylinder body must be able to be adjusted based on a change in the piston stroke.
  • a peristaltic pump which has no valve
  • the pump tube does not lend itself to pressure high and is not suitable for a long service life of the pump.
  • the flow of a peristaltic pump is not not linear and the risk of bursting of the tube makes the choice of such a pump often inadequate.
  • the flow of a peristaltic pump can only be changed by a change of its speed and its accuracy does not exceed ⁇ 5%.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a micropump simple and inexpensive to make, safe to use, insensitive to impurities, allowing high precision of adjustment of its flow rate throughout its adjustment range and capable of also work at very high pressure.
  • the invention relates to a pump such that defined at entry, comprising at least one member making it possible to phase out the opening of said conduits by relative to the piston stroke.
  • Adjusting the flow rate of the micropump according to the invention relies on the phase shift of the opening and closing of inlet / outlet ports relative to the stroke of the or piston (s).
  • the micropump shown in Figures 1 and 2 includes a pump body consisting of a block 1 and a plate base 2.
  • block 1 seen in elevation, has a general U-shape.
  • the two branches of the U are pierced in their upper part by two coaxial circular openings that receive two sockets cylindrical 3.
  • the central lower part of block 1 is pierced with a vertical cylindrical opening, which constitutes a cylinder 16 with base plate 2, which constitutes the head when block 1 is mounted on plate 2 by means of four screw 13.
  • a piston 4 acts inside the cylinder 16.
  • the plate 2 is pierced by two openings which constitute two conduits inlet and outlet 17 and 18.
  • the intake ducts 17, 18 communicate with the inside of the cylinder through a small opening diameter and with the outside by diameter ducts upper, which can be threaded (not shown) to allow connection of inlet and outlet pipes of fluid.
  • the piston 4 is provided at its lower part with a anchor 10, in the shape of an inverted T, of which the rod part 19 of the T is mounted so that it can slide inside a housing 20 made in the middle part of the piston.
  • the lower part of piston 4 is bored so as to form a housing 21 of larger diameter accommodating a spring 14 which rests on the one hand against the bottom of the bore 21 and on the other hand against the bar 22 of the T of the anchor 10.
  • the part constituting the bar 22 of the T is therefore pressed by through the spring 14 against the cylinder head and against the openings of the inlet / outlet pipes 17, 18 of the pump.
  • the underside of the bar of the T comprises members 23, 24, intended to cooperate with the inputs of inlet / outlet ducts 17, 18 and to play the role of valves.
  • the piston 4 has a first housing 25 constituting a slide horizontal inside which is housed a first eccentric 6, mounted on an integral drive shaft 5 of the drive device (not shown) of the pump, of so that the rotation of the shaft 5, which causes the eccentric 6, causes a vertical movement of the piston, that is to say the piston stroke, inside the cylinder and thus modifies the volume of the internal chamber of the cylinder.
  • Piston 4 also comprises, opposite the first housing 25, a second housing 26 constituting a vertical slide inside which houses a second eccentric 7, mounted on the shaft 5 so as to impart lateral movement, that is to say a pitching or oscillating movement, at piston 4 when rotating the shaft 5.
  • the two eccentrics 6 and 7 are mounted on the shaft 5 of so that we can change their angular position relative, that is to say their phase shift.
  • One of the eccentric, 6, can be blocked on the drive shaft 5, using a pin 11, while the other eccentric 7 is mounted on the shaft so that it can be rotated around its axis to adjust its angular position by compared to eccentric 6 blocked on the shaft.
  • a nut 8 is mounted on the shaft 5 and passes through the bush 3; he press eccentric 7 and press it against the eccentric 6 via a washer 9.
  • the adjustment of the phase shift of the eccentric 7 relative to the eccentric 6 is visible and adjustable thanks to a cutout 27 on eccentric 7.
  • connection between the piston 4 and the block 1 to obtain the sealing of the internal chamber of the cylinder 16 can be produced by an O-ring seal 12. It can also be produced by a bellows or skirt device. We can note that an O-ring seal is easy to change but that it is subject greater wear than a bellows device which, if is well chosen, has a very long lifespan.
  • Opening the inlet / outlet pipes 17, 18 is carried out by the pivoting of the anchor 10, 19, 22 under the action of the second eccentric 7 acting on the piston 4, one of the members 23, 24 of said anchor resting on one of the two openings when the other opens, regardless of the axial position of the piston.
  • fluid inlet and outlet are identical, and the flow rate resulting from the pump is zero.
  • the piston movement is round and the flow is maximum.
  • the movement of the piston becomes elliptical and generates a flow in one direction or the other, lower than the maximum flow.
  • the flow and the reflux inside the pump are worth constant and maximum but that the overall resulting flow can vary from maximum to zero without modifying the regime, i.e. the speed of rotation of the pump, nor the stroke of the piston. Due to the mechanical adjustment of the opening of the valves, the presence of an impurity in the fluid to transport, as well as coagulation or crystallization in the case of liquids, no longer risk obstructing the pump operation.
  • the flow rate of the micropump according to the invention is extremely precise, since it results from the difference between admission and refoulement.
  • the embodiment described above comprises a total of 20 parts, including screws and gaskets.
  • the skilled person will easily understand that this number of pieces can be greatly reduced, for example by making the pump body in a single injected part.
  • the manufacturing cost of the micropump can therefore be very small, which allows mass production applications, for example in dishwashers professionals.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

Une micropompe comprend un cylindre (16) à l'intérieur duquel se déplace un piston (4). Le cylindre comporte deux conduits d'admission/refoulement (17, 18). Un premier excentrique excentrique (6) et un second excentrique (7) sont montés respectivement à l'intérieur d'une première coulisse (25) et à l'intérieur d'une seconde coulisse (26) réalisées dans le corps du piston, l'ensemble étant agencé de façon que le mouvement dudit premier excentrique dans ladite première coulisse génère un mouvement axial (course) du piston à l'intérieur du cylindre, et en ce que le mouvement du second excentrique dans ladite seconde coulisse génère un mouvement latéral (tangage) dudit piston.

Figure 00000001
A micropump comprises a cylinder (16) inside which a piston (4) moves. The cylinder has two inlet / outlet conduits (17, 18). A first eccentric eccentric (6) and a second eccentric (7) are mounted respectively inside a first slide (25) and inside a second slide (26) produced in the body of the piston, l the assembly being arranged so that the movement of said first eccentric in said first slide generates an axial movement (stroke) of the piston inside the cylinder, and in that the movement of the second eccentric in said second slide generates a lateral movement ( pitch) of said piston.
Figure 00000001

Description

La présente invention concerne une pompe comprenant un axe d'entraínement, un cylindre à l'intérieur duquel se déplace un piston, ledit cylindre comportant deux conduits d'admission/refoulement, l'axe d'entraínement étant relié au piston par l'intermédiaire de deux excentriques.The present invention relates to a pump comprising an axis drive, a cylinder inside which moves a piston, said cylinder comprising two conduits intake / discharge, the drive axis being connected to the piston via two eccentrics.

L'invention concerne plus particulièrement une micropompe.The invention relates more particularly to a micropump.

On sait que les coûts de réalisation d'une pompe sont d'autant plus élevés que les débits à transporter sont faibles et s'approchent de zéro, tout en devant être régulés avec précision. En effet, dans le cas où la pompe comporte des soupapes, lorsque le débit s'approche de zéro, il n'y a plus de flux qui traversent les soupapes. Ces dernières ne travaillent plus et deviennent sensibles à la moindre impureté contenue dans le fluide à transporter, ou à la coagulation ou la cristallisation lorsque le fluide est un liquide.We know that the costs of producing a pump are the higher the lower the flow rates to be transported and approach zero, while having to be regulated with precision. Indeed, in the case where the pump includes valves, when the flow approaches zero, there is no longer flow through the valves. These do not work more and become sensitive to the slightest impurity contained in the fluid to be transported, or in coagulation or crystallization when the fluid is a liquid.

Pour modifier ou régler le débit des pompes connues, il faut soit modifier la course de la pompe ou son régime.To modify or adjust the flow rate of known pumps, it either change the stroke of the pump or its speed.

Le document DE 40 04 142 A1 décrit une machine à piston dont la course, et partant le débit, peut être modifiée grâce à deux excentriques. La machine comprend deux axes concentriques, portant les deux excentriques, dont l'un tourne à l'intérieur de l'autre. L'axe intérieur engrène avec un engrenage intérieur de l'excentrique extérieur au moyen d'une roue dentée traversant une lumière de l'excentrique intérieur et de l'axe extérieur. Ce dispositif d'entraínement du piston est complexe et onéreux à réaliser, difficile à équilibrer dynamiquement. De plus, la longueur du corps de cylindre doit pouvoir être ajustée en fonction d'une modification de la course du piston.Document DE 40 04 142 A1 describes a piston machine whose stroke, and therefore the flow, can be changed thanks with two eccentrics. The machine has two axes concentric, carrying the two eccentrics, one of which rotates inside each other. The inner axis meshes with a internal gear of the external eccentric by means of a cogwheel passing through an interior eccentric light and the outer axis. This piston drive device is complex and expensive to carry out, difficult to balance dynamically. In addition, the length of the cylinder body must be able to be adjusted based on a change in the piston stroke.

Les documents US 4,028,015 et US 5,937,736 décrivent des compresseurs à piston oscillant dans un cylindre dont les parois latérales ou frontales comportent des ouvertures d'admission/refoulement. L'oscillation du piston est obtenue au moyen d'un seul excentrique d'entraínement. Toute variation du débit de ces compresseurs se fait nécessairement par variation de la vitesse de rotation de l'axe d'entraínement.Documents US 4,028,015 and US 5,937,736 describe oscillating piston compressors in a cylinder whose side or front walls have openings intake / discharge. Piston oscillation is obtained by means of a single eccentric drive. Any variation of the flow of these compressors is necessarily done by variation of the speed of rotation of the drive axis.

Dans le cas d'une pompe péristaltique, qui n'a pas de soupape, le tube de la pompe ne se prête pas à une pression élevée et n'est pas adapté à une longue durée de vie de la pompe. D'autre part, le débit d'une pompe péristaltique n'est pas linéaire et les risques d'éclatement du tube rendent le choix d'une telle pompe souvent inadéquat. De plus, le débit d'une pompe péristaltique ne peut être modifié que par un changement de son régime et sa précision de dépasse pas ±5%.In the case of a peristaltic pump, which has no valve, the pump tube does not lend itself to pressure high and is not suitable for a long service life of the pump. On the other hand, the flow of a peristaltic pump is not not linear and the risk of bursting of the tube makes the choice of such a pump often inadequate. In addition, the flow of a peristaltic pump can only be changed by a change of its speed and its accuracy does not exceed ± 5%.

D'autres systèmes de pompes, comme la pompe à engrenage par exemple, ne sont pas toujours bien adaptés selon le type de liquide à transporter ou aux conditions particulières, telles que des arrêts prolongés où une grande hauteur d'aspiration. Ces pompes nécessitent souvent une valve solénoïde, comme par exemple un giffard, inadapté pour des petits débits. En effet, lorsqu'il est minuscule, un gicleur se bouche facilement.Other pump systems, such as the gear pump for example, are not always well suited depending on the type liquid to be transported or under special conditions, such as extended stops where great height suction. These pumps often require a valve solenoid, such as a giffard, unsuitable for small flows. Indeed, when it is tiny, a sprinkler clogs easily.

Le but de la présente invention est de proposer une micropompe simple et peu coûteuse à réaliser, d'un emploi sûr, insensible aux impuretés, permettant une grande précision de réglage de son débit dans toute sa plage de réglage et pouvant également travailler à très haute-pression.The purpose of the present invention is to provide a micropump simple and inexpensive to make, safe to use, insensitive to impurities, allowing high precision of adjustment of its flow rate throughout its adjustment range and capable of also work at very high pressure.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet une pompe telle que définie d'entrée, comportant au moins un organe permettant de réaliser un déphasage de l'ouverture desdits conduits par rapport à la course du piston.To this end, the invention relates to a pump such that defined at entry, comprising at least one member making it possible to phase out the opening of said conduits by relative to the piston stroke.

Le réglage du débit de la micropompe selon l'invention repose sur le déphasage de l'ouverture et de la fermeture des orifices d'admission/refoulement par rapport à la course du ou des piston(s).Adjusting the flow rate of the micropump according to the invention relies on the phase shift of the opening and closing of inlet / outlet ports relative to the stroke of the or piston (s).

On décrit ci-après une forme d'exécution d'une micropompe selon l'invention, donnée à titre d'exemple, en se référant au dessin annexé dans lequel :

  • la figure 1 est une vue latérale et en perspective d'une micropompe selon l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe verticale selon le plan XY de la figure 1,
  • la figure 3 est une vue en coupe verticale, dans un plan perpendiculaire au plan de la figure 2 de la plaque de base du corps de pompe,
  • la figure 4 est une vue en élévation latérale, dans un plan perpendiculaire au plan de la figure 2 de l'ancre 10 de la figure 2,
  • la figure 5 est une vue de dessus de la plaque de base de la figure 3,
  • la figure 6 est une vue en élévation, par la gauche, de l'excentrique 7 de la figure 2,
  • la figure 7 est une vue en élévation, de gauche, du piston 4 de la figure 2.
An embodiment of a micropump according to the invention is given below, given by way of example, with reference to the appended drawing in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a side and perspective view of a micropump according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 is a view in vertical section along the plane XY of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 is a view in vertical section, in a plane perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 2, of the base plate of the pump body,
  • FIG. 4 is a side elevation view, in a plane perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 2 of the anchor 10 of FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 5 is a top view of the base plate of FIG. 3,
  • FIG. 6 is an elevation view, from the left, of the eccentric 7 of FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 7 is an elevation view, on the left, of the piston 4 of FIG. 2.

La micropompe représentée sur les figures 1 et 2 comporte un corps de pompe constitué d'un bloc 1 et d'une plaque de base 2. Comme le montre la figure 1, le bloc 1, vu en élévation, présente une forme générale en U. Les deux branches du U sont percées dans leur partie supérieure de deux ouvertures circulaires coaxiales qui reçoivent deux douilles cylindriques 3. La partie inférieure centrale du bloc 1 est percée d'une ouverture cylindrique verticale, qui constitue un cylindre 16 avec la plaque de base 2, qui constitue la tête lorsque le bloc 1 est monté sur la plaque 2 au moyen de quatre vis 13. Un joint corde 15 placé dans une gorge circulaire assure l'étanchéité entre la plaque 2 et le bloc 1.The micropump shown in Figures 1 and 2 includes a pump body consisting of a block 1 and a plate base 2. As shown in figure 1, block 1, seen in elevation, has a general U-shape. The two branches of the U are pierced in their upper part by two coaxial circular openings that receive two sockets cylindrical 3. The central lower part of block 1 is pierced with a vertical cylindrical opening, which constitutes a cylinder 16 with base plate 2, which constitutes the head when block 1 is mounted on plate 2 by means of four screw 13. A rope seal 15 placed in a circular groove seals between plate 2 and block 1.

Un piston 4 agit à l'intérieur du cylindre 16. La plaque 2 est percée de deux ouvertures qui constituent deux conduits d'admission et de refoulement 17 et 18. Comme le montrent les figures 3 et 5, les conduits d'admission 17, 18 communiquent avec l'intérieur du cylindre par une ouverture de faible diamètre et avec l'extérieur par des conduits de diamètre supérieur, qui peuvent être filetés (non-montré) pour permettre le raccordement de tuyaux d'amenée et d'évacuation de fluide. Le piston 4 est muni à sa partie inférieure d'une ancre 10, en forme de T inversé, dont la partie de tige 19 du T est montée de façon à pouvoir coulisser à l'intérieur d'un logement 20 réalisé dans la partie médiane du piston. La partie inférieure du piston 4 est alésée de façon à former un logement 21 de plus grand diamètre accueillant un ressort 14 qui s'appuie d'une part contre le fond de l'alésage 21 et d'autre part contre la barre 22 du T de l'ancre 10. La partie constituant la barre 22 du T est donc pressée par l'intermédiaire du ressort 14 contre la tête de cylindre et contre les ouvertures des conduits d'admission/refoulement 17, 18 de la pompe. A cet effet, la face inférieure de la barre du T comporte des organes 23, 24, destinés à coopérer avec les entrées des conduits d'admission/refoulement 17, 18 et à jouer le rôle de soupapes. Dans sa partie supérieure, le piston 4 comporte un premier logement 25 constituant une coulisse horizontale à l'intérieur de laquelle est logé un premier excentrique 6, monté sur un arbre d'entraínement 5 solidaire du dispositif d'entraínement (non-représenté) de la pompe, de sorte que la rotation de l'arbre 5, qui entraíne l'excentrique 6, provoque un mouvement vertical du piston, c'est-à-dire la course du piston, à l'intérieur du cylindre et modifie ainsi le volume de la chambre interne du cylindre. Le piston 4 comporte également, en regard du ler logement 25, un second logement 26 constituant une coulisse verticale à l'intérieur de laquelle est logé un second excentrique 7, monté sur l'arbre 5 de façon à conférer un mouvement latéral, c'est-à-dire un mouvement de tangage ou d'oscillation, au piston 4 lors de la rotation de l'arbre 5.A piston 4 acts inside the cylinder 16. The plate 2 is pierced by two openings which constitute two conduits inlet and outlet 17 and 18. As shown in the Figures 3 and 5, the intake ducts 17, 18 communicate with the inside of the cylinder through a small opening diameter and with the outside by diameter ducts upper, which can be threaded (not shown) to allow connection of inlet and outlet pipes of fluid. The piston 4 is provided at its lower part with a anchor 10, in the shape of an inverted T, of which the rod part 19 of the T is mounted so that it can slide inside a housing 20 made in the middle part of the piston. The lower part of piston 4 is bored so as to form a housing 21 of larger diameter accommodating a spring 14 which rests on the one hand against the bottom of the bore 21 and on the other hand against the bar 22 of the T of the anchor 10. The part constituting the bar 22 of the T is therefore pressed by through the spring 14 against the cylinder head and against the openings of the inlet / outlet pipes 17, 18 of the pump. For this purpose, the underside of the bar of the T comprises members 23, 24, intended to cooperate with the inputs of inlet / outlet ducts 17, 18 and to play the role of valves. In its upper part, the piston 4 has a first housing 25 constituting a slide horizontal inside which is housed a first eccentric 6, mounted on an integral drive shaft 5 of the drive device (not shown) of the pump, of so that the rotation of the shaft 5, which causes the eccentric 6, causes a vertical movement of the piston, that is to say the piston stroke, inside the cylinder and thus modifies the volume of the internal chamber of the cylinder. Piston 4 also comprises, opposite the first housing 25, a second housing 26 constituting a vertical slide inside which houses a second eccentric 7, mounted on the shaft 5 so as to impart lateral movement, that is to say a pitching or oscillating movement, at piston 4 when rotating the shaft 5.

Les deux excentriques 6 et 7 sont montés sur l'arbre 5 de façon que l'on puisse modifier leur position angulaire relative, c'est-à-dire leur déphasage. A cet effet, l'un des excentriques, 6, peut être bloqué sur l'arbre d'entraínement 5, à l'aide d'une goupille 11, alors que l'autre excentrique 7 est monté sur l'arbre de façon à pouvoir le faire pivoter autour de son axe pour régler sa position angulaire par rapport à l'excentrique 6 bloqué sur l'arbre. A cet effet, un écrou 8 est monté sur l'arbre 5 et traverse la douille 3; il appuie sur l'excentrique 7 et appuie celui-ci contre l'excentrique 6 par l'intermédiaire d'une rondelle 9. Le réglage du déphasage de l'excentrique 7 par rapport à l'excentrique 6 est visible et ajustable grâce à une découpe 27 sur l'excentrique 7.The two eccentrics 6 and 7 are mounted on the shaft 5 of so that we can change their angular position relative, that is to say their phase shift. One of the eccentric, 6, can be blocked on the drive shaft 5, using a pin 11, while the other eccentric 7 is mounted on the shaft so that it can be rotated around its axis to adjust its angular position by compared to eccentric 6 blocked on the shaft. To this end, a nut 8 is mounted on the shaft 5 and passes through the bush 3; he press eccentric 7 and press it against the eccentric 6 via a washer 9. The adjustment of the phase shift of the eccentric 7 relative to the eccentric 6 is visible and adjustable thanks to a cutout 27 on eccentric 7.

La liaison entre le piston 4 et le bloc 1 pour obtenir l'étanchéité de la chambre interne du cylindre 16 peut être réalisée par un joint O-ring 12. Elle peut également être réalisée par un dispositif à soufflet ou à jupe. On peut noter qu'un joint O-ring est facile à changer mais qu'il est soumis à une usure plus grande qu'un dispositif à soufflet qui, s'il est bien choisi, a une durée de vie très grande.The connection between the piston 4 and the block 1 to obtain the sealing of the internal chamber of the cylinder 16 can be produced by an O-ring seal 12. It can also be produced by a bellows or skirt device. We can note that an O-ring seal is easy to change but that it is subject greater wear than a bellows device which, if is well chosen, has a very long lifespan.

L'ouverture des conduits d'admission/refoulement 17, 18 s'effectue par le pivotement de l'ancre 10, 19, 22 sous l'action du second excentrique 7 agissant sur le piston 4, l'un des organes 23, 24 de ladite ancre s'appuyant sur une des deux ouvertures lorsque l'autre s'ouvre, indépendamment de la position axiale du piston.Opening the inlet / outlet pipes 17, 18 is carried out by the pivoting of the anchor 10, 19, 22 under the action of the second eccentric 7 acting on the piston 4, one of the members 23, 24 of said anchor resting on one of the two openings when the other opens, regardless of the axial position of the piston.

Lors de la rotation de l'arbre 5, alors que le mouvement du premier excentrique 6 dans la coulisse horizontale 25 imprime au piston sa course verticale, le deuxième excentrique 7 agissant dans la coulisse verticale 26 fait tanguer horizontalement le piston. La variation du mouvement du piston et des valeurs relatives de débit de la pompe par rapport au débit maximum, en fonction du déphasage ϕ des excentriques est représentée sur le tableau 1.

Figure 00060001
During the rotation of the shaft 5, while the movement of the first eccentric 6 in the horizontal slide 25 prints the piston its vertical stroke, the second eccentric 7 acting in the vertical slide 26 causes the piston to pitch horizontally. The variation of the movement of the piston and of the relative values of the flow rate of the pump compared to the maximum flow rate, as a function of the phase shift ϕ of the eccentrics is shown in table 1.
Figure 00060001

Ainsi, lorsque les deux excentriques sont déphasés de 90° ou de 270°, le mouvement du piston est linéaire, représenté par une ligne droite inclinée à 45° (le cos ϕ = 0). Dans ce cas, admission et refoulement de fluide sont identiques, et le débit résultant de la pompe est nul. Dans les positions à 0° et 180°, le mouvement du piston est rond et le débit est maximum. Entre 0° et 90° et entre 180° et 270°, le mouvement du piston devient elliptique et engendre un débit dans un sens ou dans l'autre, inférieur au débit maximum.Thus, when the two eccentrics are out of phase by 90 ° or 270 °, the linear movement of the piston is represented by a straight line inclined at 45 ° (cos φ = 0). In this case, fluid inlet and outlet are identical, and the flow rate resulting from the pump is zero. In the 0 ° and 180 ° positions, the piston movement is round and the flow is maximum. Between 0 ° and 90 ° and between 180 ° and 270 °, the movement of the piston becomes elliptical and generates a flow in one direction or the other, lower than the maximum flow.

Pour faire une analogie avec le moteur Otto, l'arbre à came et la transmission de la distribution sont remplacés par le tangage du piston, avec pour avantage une construction simple, puisqu'il suffit de monter deux excentriques sur un arbre, chacun des excentriques agissant dans des coulisses respectives réalisées à l'intérieur du piston et de munir le dit piston d'un poussoir qui ouvre et ferme les admissions. Au total, seulement cinq éléments, c'est-à-dire deux excentriques, un piston, un arbre d'entraínement et une ancre servant de soupapes, sont nécessaires pour réaliser le mouvement de cette micropompe. To make an analogy with the Otto motor, the shaft cam and transmission transmission are replaced by the piston pitch, with the advantage of a construction simple, since it suffices to mount two eccentrics on one tree, each of the eccentrics acting behind the scenes the inside of the piston and to provide the says piston of a pusher which opens and closes the admissions. At total, only five elements, i.e. two eccentrics, a piston, a drive shaft and an anchor serving as valves, are necessary to achieve the movement of this micropump.

Entre autres avantages on peut également noter que le flux et le reflux à l'intérieur de la pompe sont d'une valeur constante et maximale mais que le débit résultant global peut varier du maximum au zéro sans modifier le régime, c'est-à-dire la vitesse de rotation de la pompe, ni la course du piston. Du fait du réglage mécanique de l'ouverture des soupapes, la présence d'une impureté dans le fluide à transporter, de même que la coagulation ou la cristallisation lorsqu'il s'agit de liquide, ne risquent plus d'entraver le fonctionnement de la pompe.Among other advantages it can also be noted that the flow and the reflux inside the pump are worth constant and maximum but that the overall resulting flow can vary from maximum to zero without modifying the regime, i.e. the speed of rotation of the pump, nor the stroke of the piston. Due to the mechanical adjustment of the opening of the valves, the presence of an impurity in the fluid to transport, as well as coagulation or crystallization in the case of liquids, no longer risk obstructing the pump operation.

On peut noter également que le réglage du déphasage des excentriques de la micropompe selon l'invention est plus simple à réaliser que le changement du régime des micropompes connues.It can also be noted that the adjustment of the phase shift of the eccentrics of the micropump according to the invention is more simple to realize that changing the micropump regime known.

De plus, le débit de la micropompe selon l'invention est extrêmement précis, puisqu'il résulte de la différence entre l'admission et le refoulement.In addition, the flow rate of the micropump according to the invention is extremely precise, since it results from the difference between admission and refoulement.

Le mode d'exécution décrit ci-dessus comprend au total 20 pièces, y compris les vis et joints. L'homme du métier comprendra aisément que ce nombre de pièces peut être fortement réduit, par exemple en réalisant le corps de pompe en une seule pièce injectée. Le coût de fabrication de la micropompe peut donc être très faible, ce qui permet des applications en grande série, par exemple dans des lavevaisselle professionnels.The embodiment described above comprises a total of 20 parts, including screws and gaskets. The skilled person will easily understand that this number of pieces can be greatly reduced, for example by making the pump body in a single injected part. The manufacturing cost of the micropump can therefore be very small, which allows mass production applications, for example in dishwashers professionals.

Claims (5)

Pompe comportant un axe d'entraínement (5), un cylindre (16) à l'intérieur duquel se déplace un piston (4), ledit cylindre comportant deux conduits d'admission et de refoulement (17, 18), le dit axe d'entraínement étant relié au dit piston par l'intermédiaire de deux excentriques (6, 7), caractérisée en ce que ladite pompe comporte au moins un organe (10) permettant de réaliser un déphasage de l'ouverture desdits conduits par rapport à la course du piston.Pump comprising a drive shaft (5), a cylinder (16) inside which a piston (4) moves, said cylinder with two intake and delivery (17, 18), said drive axis being connected to said piston by means of two eccentrics (6, 7), characterized in that said pump comprises at least one member (10) making it possible to phase the opening of said conduits with respect to the stroke of the piston. Pompe selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'un organe (10) est monté en coulissement à l'extrémité du piston (4), de façon à pousser ledit organe à l'encontre des conduits d'admission (17, 18), l'ensemble étant agencé de façon que l'ouverture d'un des dits conduits d'admission sous l'action du mouvement du piston implique la fermeture de l'autre conduit.Pump according to claim 1, characterized in that that a member (10) is slidably mounted at the end of the piston (4), so as to push said member against intake ducts (17, 18), the assembly being arranged way that the opening of one of the said intake ducts under the action of the piston movement implies the closing of the other leads. Pompe selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que ledit organe (10) présente la forme d'un T (19, 22) et porte deux soupapes (23, 24), agencées respectivement en face de deux ouvertures d'admission/refoulement, chacune des deux soupapes étant alternativement pressée contre l'ouverture qui lui fait face sous l'action d'un ressort (14).Pump according to claim 2, characterized in that said member (10) has the shape of a T (19, 22) and carries two valves (23, 24), respectively arranged opposite two inlet / outlet openings, both valves being alternately pressed against the opening which faces it under the action of a spring (14). Pompe selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un premier excentrique (6) et un second excentrique (7) montés respectivement à l'intérieur d'une première coulisse (25) et à l'intérieur d'une seconde coulisse (26) réalisées dans le corps du piston (4), l'ensemble étant agencé de façon que le mouvement dudit premier excentrique dans ladite première coulisse génère un mouvement vertical (course) du piston à l'intérieur du cylindre (16), et en ce que le mouvement du second excentrique dans ladite seconde coulisse génère un mouvement latéral (tangage) dudit piston. Pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a first eccentric (6) and a second eccentric (7) mounted respectively at inside a first slide (25) and inside a second slide (26) made in the piston body (4), the assembly being arranged so that the movement of said first eccentric in said first slide generates a vertical movement (stroke) of the piston inside the cylinder (16), and in that the movement of the second eccentric in said second slide generates a lateral movement (pitch) of said piston. Pompe selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que les premier (6) et second excentriques (7) sont montés en regard sur l'axe d'entraínement (5) et agencés de façon à pouvoir modifier leur position angulaire relative.Pump according to claim 4, characterized in that the first (6) and second eccentrics (7) are mounted in look at the drive shaft (5) and arranged to ability to modify their relative angular position.
EP00810698A 1999-08-02 2000-08-02 Piston pump driven by adjustable eccentrics Withdrawn EP1074735A3 (en)

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CH141999 1999-08-02
CH141999 1999-08-02

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2348958A (en) * 1941-07-29 1944-05-16 Scintilla Ltd Variable stroke pump
GB856426A (en) * 1956-01-04 1960-12-14 John Maximilian Jules Varga Improvements in or relating to hydraulic reciprocating pump apparatus
SE327098B (en) * 1968-01-12 1970-08-10 Linson Instr Ab
DE2127976A1 (en) * 1970-06-13 1971-12-23 Ismatec SA, Zurich (Schweiz) Dosing piston pump

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