EP1061211A1 - Procédé pour sécuriser une transmission bidirectionnelle de données avec un identifiant et système pour sa mise en oeuvre - Google Patents
Procédé pour sécuriser une transmission bidirectionnelle de données avec un identifiant et système pour sa mise en oeuvre Download PDFInfo
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- EP1061211A1 EP1061211A1 EP00401666A EP00401666A EP1061211A1 EP 1061211 A1 EP1061211 A1 EP 1061211A1 EP 00401666 A EP00401666 A EP 00401666A EP 00401666 A EP00401666 A EP 00401666A EP 1061211 A1 EP1061211 A1 EP 1061211A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- signal
- identification
- identification device
- identifier
- phase
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
- G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
- G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
- G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
- G07C9/28—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass the pass enabling tracking or indicating presence
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
- G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
- G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
- G07C2009/00317—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks keyless data carrier having only one limited data transmission range
- G07C2009/00325—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks keyless data carrier having only one limited data transmission range and the lock having only one limited data transmission range
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
- G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
- G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
- G07C2009/00555—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks comprising means to detect or avoid relay attacks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
- G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
- G07C2009/00753—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys
- G07C2009/00769—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C2209/00—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00 - G07C9/38
- G07C2209/60—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00174 - G07C9/00944
- G07C2209/63—Comprising locating means for detecting the position of the data carrier, i.e. within the vehicle or within a certain distance from the vehicle
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for securing a bidirectional data transmission with an identifier and a system for its implementation.
- Such a system generally includes a identification device having a transmission circuit and a detection circuit reception, installed in the confined space, and an identifier carried by a user who wishes to obtain access, an exchange of data between identification device and identifier being provided for establishing normally when the distance between the identifier and the device identification is less than a predetermined limit, access only authorized when the identification device has authenticated the identifier.
- the invention relates more particularly, because it is in which case its application seems to present the most of interest, but not exclusively, a system to secure access to a motor vehicle with its doors, in particular the doors of interior, have system-controlled locks access.
- this start of the operation can be obtained, for example, by action on a command button located on the opening, or by a command to distance, or possibly by a presence detector installed in enclosed space.
- this start of the operation identification is provided to require proximity to the user relative to the enclosed space where he wishes to access.
- the identification operation is carried out on the basis of a data exchange between the identification device and the identifier consisting, for example, of a badge with transponder electromagnetic.
- the device identification installed in the confined space, generally emits a signal of interrogation which activates the identifier, which returns a coded signal analyzed by the identification device. If the coded signal matches to the authorized code, the identification device authorizes access, by example by unlocking one or more locks.
- Signals exchanged are usually electromagnetic signals.
- the system is designed in such a way so that the transmission range is reduced and an exchange of identification data between identification device and identifier does can normally only be established when the distance between the confined space and the identifier is less than a predetermined limit, for example of the order of a few meters.
- two criminals acting canned could gain access to the confined space as follows.
- a first criminal equipped with a transceiver system installed for example in a satchel, approaches the closed vehicle that comes to leave an authorized user, while a second criminal, equipped a transceiver system similar to that of the first perpetrator, follows the authorized user carrying the identifier.
- the first criminal triggers an identification operation, for example by pressing a control button located on an opening.
- Signals from the identification device are relayed by the transceiver system from the first criminal to the system of the second criminal, which repeats the signals from the identification device to the identifier. This the latter will then respond with the authorized code, which is retransmitted by the repeater system up to the identification device which controls the unlocking the locks and giving access to the criminal.
- the principle consists in detecting an abnormal delay time, resulting from the interposition of a repeater not authorized between the identification device on board the vehicle and the identifier carried by the user.
- the interrogation signal emitted by the device is simply re-issued, without modulation, by the identifier back to the vehicle, it is possible for a hacker to determine when this measure of the abnormal delay time is and send the anti-piracy signal directly to the vehicle using only the transmit / receive system located at proximity to the vehicle.
- the hacker can short-circuit the communication with the vehicle, using a simple repeater, without go through the identifier.
- the object of the invention is to propose a method which allows to secure a two-way data transmission for access to an enclosed space, preventing a possible violation by an assembly transmit-receive hacker such as the one mentioned above.
- the principle of the invention consists, for example during the measurement of a delay time, not to use the identifier in single vehicle signal repeater, to force the hacker to retransmit the signal sent by the identifier, which generates necessarily a longer delay time.
- the invention relates to a method for secure bidirectional data transmission, for access to an enclosed space, in particular to a motor vehicle, consisting of establish a remote data exchange between a device identification installed in the confined space and an identifier intended to be worn by the user, when the distance between the identifier and the identification device is less than a predetermined limit, access is only authorized when the identification device has authenticated the identifier, the identification operation comprising the transmission by the identification device of a first coded signal identification and at least one second interrogation signal, characterized by the fact that to prevent data exchange between the identification device and a non-repeater authorized, without going through the identifier, the process consists, on the one hand, in decode, at the identifier level, the first coded signal identification received by the identifier from the device identification, at the start of the identification operation, to sequentially reverse the phase of the second interrogation signal received by the identifier from the identification device, in function of the identification code previously obtained by decoding, at re-emit said
- This identification code can be consisting of a pseudo-random sequence according to an algorithm predetermined, that the hacker cannot know. So if the hacker uses a simple repeater to communicate directly with the device identification, the latter will receive the second interrogation signal, without phase reversal, which will not match the code known by the identification device, thereby preventing access to the vehicle.
- the second interrogation signal generated by the identification device is a pulsating oscillating signal and the identification code is a multi-bit numeric code, for example example with three bytes, so as to successively activate or deactivate phase reversal of a second signal pulse of interrogation, at the identifier level, according to the binary value of each bit of this identification code.
- the method consists, at level of the identification device, to add a phase shift additional 90 ° to the second interrogation signal received by the identification device, and, in the phase shift detection step, to assign a binary value for each pulse of the second signal, depending on whether the phase of the second signal received is early or late about 90 ° from the phase of the second signal generated, so to check whether the sequence of binary values thus assigned corresponds well to the identification code known by the identification device.
- the method also consists, at the level of the identification device, in discriminate the phase between the second interrogation signal generated by the identification device and said second signal received by the identification device from the identifier, to filter the signal resulting from phase discrimination to deliver a signal continuous representative of the phase shift and maintain the access ban when the difference between the amplitude of said continuous signal and amplitude of a reference signal exceeds a threshold value predetermined.
- the invention also relates to a system for the implementation work of the aforementioned method, in which the identification device comprises a transmission circuit and a reception circuit, and the identifier includes a transmitter and a receiver, characterized by fact that it includes, at the identifier, a decoding means to decode the first coded identification signal, a means phase inverter to reverse the phase of at least a second interrogation signal according to a sequence controlled by a unit control unit according to the identification code provided by the decoding means, and at the identification device, a phase shift detector receiving, at the input, both the second interrogation signal generated by a generator of the identification device, and said second interrogation signal received by the receiving circuit of the identification device from of the identifier, and a central processing unit capable of analyzing the phase shift thus detected according to the identification code known by the identification device.
- the generator of the device identification generates the second interrogation signal under the form of a pulsating oscillating signal, each pulse of which has a predetermined carrier frequency, for example at low frequency at 125 KHz, said pulses having a recurrence period predetermined, for example of the order of 8 ⁇ s, and the code identification is a binary code with several bits, of unit duration for example 200 ⁇ s, for example three bytes, the value 1 or 0 of each bit being intended to activate or deactivate the reversing means of phase for a duration corresponding substantially to that of bit 1 or 0.
- the identifier includes a low frequency receiver having a reset circuit form of the signal whose output is connected, on the one hand, by means of aforementioned decoding, and on the other hand, to an input of a logic OR gate exclusive which constitutes the aforementioned phase reversing means, the other entry of said door receiving the bits of the identification code according to the second signal pulse recurrence frequency interrogation, the output of said logic gate being connected to a radio frequency transmitter modulated by said door output signal logic.
- a switch can be inserted between said logic gate and the radio frequency transmitter of the identifier, said switch being controlled by the central control unit for open the link between the logic gate and the transmitter during the decoding of the first identification signal and for closing said link during reception and re-transmission of the second interrogation signal by identifier.
- a phase shift means is inserted between a radio frequency receiver of the device identification and the aforementioned phase shift detection means, for add to the second interrogation signal received from identifying an additional 90 ° phase shift at the input of said means phase shift detection, the latter consisting of a D flip-flop receiving on another input the second interrogation signal generated by the generator of the identification device, to deliver at output, for each pulse of said second interrogation signal, a binary value 1 or 0 depending on whether the phase of the second signal question received is about 90 ° early or late by relative to the phase of the second interrogation signal generated, the output of said flip-flop D being connected to the central processing unit to compare it with the aforementioned identification code.
- the system includes, in parallel to the phase shift detection means, a discriminator means phase receiving, as input, the second signal generated by the generator of the identification device and the second signal received by the receiving circuit from the identifier, a means of filtering being connected at the output of said phase discriminator means, to deliver, at output, a continuous signal representative of the phase shift said signals, said continuous signal being delivered to the central unit processing which is sensitive to the difference between the amplitude of said continuous signal delivered and the amplitude of a reference signal, for maintain the access ban when said difference exceeds one predetermined threshold value.
- the reception circuit of the identification device comprises an antenna connected to a receiver radio frequency, for example at 434 MHz, connected, on the one hand, to a input of the aforementioned phase discriminator means and, on the other hand, to a input of the aforementioned phase detection means, and the transmission circuit of the identification device comprises a low frequency generator, for example at 125 KHz connected, in parallel, to the other input of the phase discriminator means, at the other input of the phase shift, and to an antenna amplifier.
- the means aforementioned phase discriminator is an exclusive OR logic gate which outputs a signal whose DC component varies linearly as a function of the phase shift between the second signals aforementioned generated and received over a half period.
- the means aforementioned filter can be a low pass filter for example with a cutoff frequency of the order of 10 KHz.
- the central processing unit comprises a microcontroller equipped with an analog / digital converter, to digitally process the difference in value between the voltage continuous delivered and the reference voltage, and to compare the binary values of the D flip-flop output signal and code identification.
- the low-frequency generator of the device identification can be frequency modulated by the central processing unit treatment, preferably randomly, for example on a range from 120 to 130 KHz and with a period of about one ms.
- the system comprises a means for measuring the delay time between the second signals aforementioned generated and received, so that the central processing unit maintain the access ban when the value of the delay time measured exceeds a predetermined threshold value, for example a or two periods of recurrence of said second signal.
- a predetermined threshold value for example a or two periods of recurrence of said second signal.
- the reference voltage, at which is compared the direct voltage delivered by the filtering means is consisting of an initially memorized value, which is learned by the system.
- the identification device on board for example on a vehicle, comprises a low frequency voltage generator V LF, for example at 125 KHz, outputting a voltage V E in the form of slots.
- V E is sent, on the one hand, to an input of an exclusive OR logic gate 1 and to an input Ck of a flip-flop 21 known as flip-flop D, and on the other hand, to the input of a amplifier 2.
- the output of amplifier 2 is connected to a capacitor 3 and to an inductor 4 in series, one terminal of the inductor 4 being connected to ground.
- Inductor 4 constitutes the LF transmission antenna of the identification device.
- the identification device further comprises an antenna 5 connected to the input of a radio frequency RF receiver 6, for example at 434 MHz.
- the output of the RF receiver 6 is connected in series to a phase shift means 7 to introduce a 90 ° phase shift in the received signal V R.
- the output of the phase shift means 7 is connected in parallel to the other input of the logic gate 1 and to another input Dat of the flip-flop D.
- Logic gate 1 is connected at output to a low-pass filter 8 of order four, with a cut-off frequency of approximately 10 KHz.
- the filter 8 enables the DC component Vcc to be output as signal leaving logic gate 1.
- the voltage Vcc is received by a processing unit 9 comprising a microcontroller equipped with a 8-bit analog / digital converter.
- the processing unit 9 is able to control the aforementioned LF generator, one terminal of which is connected to the mass.
- the terminals Pr and Cl of the flip-flop D are connected to ground and the output Q of the flip-flop 21 is connected to the unit 9.
- the flip-flop 21 does not will not be described in more detail since it is known per se.
- the identifier worn for example on a badge, includes an inductor 10 which is connected in parallel to a capacitor 11 and to the two input terminals of a comparator 12.
- the assembly 11, 12 constitutes a LF receiver 13 comprising a very low consumption wake-up circuit which reshapes the signal to deliver an induced signal V I in the form of slots.
- the output of the comparator 12 is connected, on the one hand, to an input of another exclusive OR logic gate 22 and to the input of a decoding means 23.
- the output of the decoding means is connected to a central unit 24 which is capable of controlling a switch 25 by a link 26 and capable of supplying a signal consisting of a sequence of binary values to a second input of the logic gate 22.
- the output signal of the gate 22 makes it possible to modulate an RF transmitter 14 which delivers a modulated signal to an antenna 15 of the identifier, when the switch 25 is closed.
- the arrow F1 indicates the transmission of the LF signal between antenna 4 and antenna 10
- arrow F2 indicates the transmission of the RF signal between antenna 15 and antenna 5.
- the generator V generates a first coded signal identification, consisting of identification bits, which is issued by antenna 4 of the identification device and received by antenna 10 of the identifier.
- This first identification code signal is decoded by the decoding means 23 which simultaneously orders the unit control unit 24 controlling the opening of the switch 25, to avoid re-transmission of this first signal by the identifier.
- the first coded identification signal is issued with a period about 200 ⁇ s per identification bit.
- the generator V generates a second interrogation signal which consists of a voltage V E in the form of slots with a carrier frequency of 125 KHz and a peak amplitude, for each pulse I E , of 5 Volts. In this case, the period of recurrence of the pulses of the second signal is 8 ⁇ s.
- This second interrogation signal is received by the identifier and delivers at the output of its receiver 13 a signal oscillating in slots V I , the signal envelope of which is shown in FIG. 1.
- the signal V I is received at the input of the logic gate 22 which also receives, as input, a continuous signal in the form of slots representative of the successive bits of the identification code previously obtained via the decoding means 23.
- the central processing unit command 24 commanded the switch 25 to close the link to the transmitter 14. If a bit of the identification code is at 0, during a pulse I I of the signal V I , the logic gate 22 will output said pulse I I , whereas if the bit is at 1, logic gate 22 will output a pulse whose phase will be reversed by 180 ° and this for the duration of an identification bit, ie 200 ⁇ s.
- the second interrogation signal does not pass not by the decoding means 23.
- the received signal V R has a slight phase shift with respect to the signal V E , for example of the order of a few hundred ns, due to the signal transmission time resulting from the distance and the electronic components.
- the logic gate 1 will output a signal whose frequency will be double, that is to say of the order of 250 KHz.
- the low pass filter 8 will eliminate the carrier frequency at 250 KHz, to keep as the DC component of the signal.
- the logic gate 1 delivers a signal whose DC component varies between 0 and 5 V, for a phase shift ⁇ of between 0 and 180 °, as visible in FIG. 2.
- the predetermined threshold value could be around 250 mV, which would correspond to a delay about 200 ns, while the value of the reference voltage would be from 0 V.
- Vcc is for example between 0.25 and 4.75 V
- this will mean that the transmitted and received signals are out of phase in an irregular manner, which will maintain the ban on access to the vehicle and / or may set off an audible or visual alarm.
- the flip-flop 21 is not used, but only the logic gate 1 is used, as the phase shift detector means.
- the central processing unit 9 can assign to said pulse a binary value equal to 0, and if the voltage Vcc is between 4 and 5 volts, a binary value equal to 1 can be assigned to the pulse, in order to compare the sequence of said binary values with the identification code known by the vehicle.
- the logic gate 1 can be used both to detect a delay and to verify that the signal has indeed passed through the identifier.
- the invention supposes that the antenna of reception of the identifier is not returned in relation to the antenna transmitter of the identification device, during the analysis of the second signal otherwise the comparison with the identification code will be distorted.
- phase shift 7 to introduce an additional 90 ° phase shift.
- logic gate 1 will detect a phase shift which will always be of the order 90 °, which corresponds to a Vcc signal of the order of 2.5 V, with a margin of error of the order of 10%, i.e. 0.25 V.
- the fact adding the phase shift means 7 makes it possible to have in memory a only reference voltage value.
- the overall delay time could, by example, be of the order of 1 ⁇ s, which would correspond to a phase shift an additional 45 ° between the received signal and the transmitted signal.
- the hacker could seek to increase the phase shift, for the increase, for example, from 45 ° to 180 °, which would make the use of transparent repeater for the system.
- the hacker could, artificially increase the delay time of the received signal, by so that the received signal is always in phase or in opposition to phase with the signal emitted.
- the frequency of the signal generated for example on a range from 120 to 130 KHz, with a variation of the frequency, for example every millisecond.
- the hacker thinks that the transmission frequency is 125 KHz, it can try to return the signal with a time delay of the order of 8 ⁇ s. If, however, the transmit signal actually has, at this precise moment, a frequency of 120 KHz, which corresponds to a period of 8.33 ⁇ s, the received signal will be out of phase with respect to the signal sent with a delay time of 0.33 ⁇ s, which will correspond to a phase shift of around 14 ° and therefore a variation of the voltage continuous Vc of the order of 0.4 V, which is much higher than the value 250 mV threshold.
- the hacker could, first of all, analyze the signal emitted by the device of identification over a full period, in order to identify its frequency, then send the signal back to the identification device, with an overall delay of two or more periods, which would make new transparent hacking towards the system.
- phase shifting means 7 it is possible to use the above-mentioned flip-flop 21, to detect the phase difference between the signals on its inputs Ck and Dat, so that its output Q delivers a binary signal whose value is equal to 1, if the input Ck is late 90 ° to the Dat input and equal to 0 if the Ck input is in 90 ° advance from Dat entry.
- the Q output of flip-flop 21 is analyzed by the microprocessor of the central unit 9, in order to compare to the identification code known by the known device identification.
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Abstract
Description
- la figure 1 est un schéma synoptique fonctionnel du système selon l'invention ; et
- la figure 2 est un graphique représentant la valeur de la tension continue en fonction du déphasage.
Claims (17)
- Procédé pour sécuriser une transmission bidirectionnelle de données, pour l'accès à un espace clos, en particulier à un véhicule automobile, consistant à établir un échange à distance de données entre un dispositif d'identification installé dans l'espace clos et un identifiant destiné à être porté par l'utilisateur, lorsque la distance entre l'identifiant et le dispositif d'identification est inférieure à une limite prédéterminée, l'accès n'étant autorisé que lorsque le dispositif d'identification a authentifié l'identifiant, l'opération d'identification comprenant l'émission par le dispositif d'identification d'un premier signal codé d'identification et d'au moins un deuxième signal d'interrogation (VE), caractérisé par le fait que, pour empêcher un échange de données d'identification entre le dispositif d'identification et un répéteur non autorisé, sans passer par l'identifiant, le procédé consiste, d'une part, à décoder, au niveau de l'identifiant, le premier signal codé d'identification reçu par l'identifiant en provenance du dispositif d'identification, au début de l'opération d'identification, à séquentiellement inverser la phase du deuxième signal d'interrogation reçu par l'identifiant en provenance du dispositif d'identification, en fonction du code d'identification préalablement obtenu par décodage, à réémettre ledit deuxième signal vers le dispositif d'identification, afin que ce dernier puisse détecter le déphasage entre le deuxième signal d'interrogation (VE) engendré par le dispositif d'identification et le deuxième signal (VR) reçu par le dispositif d'identification, en provenance de l'identifiant, et à maintenir l'interdiction d'accès lorsque la séquence de déphasage détectée ne correspond pas au code d'identification connu par le dispositif d'identification.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le deuxième signal d'interrogation (VE) engendré par le dispositif d'identification est un signal oscillant pulsé et le code d'identification est un code numérique à plusieurs bits, par exemple à trois octets, de façon à successivement activer ou désactiver l'inversion de phase d'une impulsion (II) du deuxième signal d'interrogation (VI), au niveau de l'identifiant, selon la valeur binaire de chaque bit de ce code d'identification.
- Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait qu'il consiste, au niveau du dispositif d'identification, à ajouter un déphasage supplémentaire de 90° au deuxième signal d'interrogation (VR) reçu par le dispositif d'identification, et, à l'étape de détection de déphasage, à affecter une valeur binaire pour chaque impulsion du deuxième signal, selon que la phase du deuxième signal reçu est en avance ou en retard d'environ 90° par rapport à la phase du deuxième signal engendré (VE), afin de vérifier si la séquence de valeurs binaires ainsi affectées correspond bien au code d'identification connu par le dispositif d'identification.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que, pour empêcher un échange de données d'identification à une distance supérieure à la limite prédéterminée précitée, en particulier par interposition d'un répéteur non autorisé entre le dispositif d'identification et l'identifiant, le procédé consiste, en outre, au niveau du dispositif d'identification, à discriminer la phase entre le deuxième signal d'interrogation (VE) engendré par le dispositif d'identification et ledit deuxième signal (VR) reçu par le dispositif d'identification en provenance de l'identifiant, à filtrer le signal résultant de la discrimination de phase pour délivrer un signal continu représentatif du déphasage et à maintenir l'interdiction d'accès lorsque la différence entre l'amplitude dudit signal continu (Vcc) et l'amplitude d'un signal de référence dépasse une valeur de seuil prédéterminée.
- Système pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel le dispositif d'identification comprend un circuit d'émission (2-4) et un circuit de réception (5-7), et l'identifiant comporte un émetteur (14) et un récepteur (13), caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte, au niveau de l'identifiant, un moyen de décodage (23) pour décoder le premier signal codé d'identification, un moyen inverseur de phase (22) pour inverser la phase d'au moins un deuxième signal d'interrogation (VI) selon une séquence commandée par une unité centrale de commande (24) en fonction du code d'identification fourni par le moyen de décodage, et au niveau du dispositif d'identification, un moyen détecteur de déphasage (21) recevant, en entrée, à la fois le deuxième signal d'interrogation (VE) engendré par un générateur (V) du dispositif d'identification, et ledit deuxième signal d'interrogation (VR) reçu par le circuit de réception du dispositif d'identification en provenance de l'identifiant, et une unité centrale de traitement (9) apte à analyser le déphasage ainsi détecté en fonction du code d'identification connu par le dispositif d'identification.
- Système selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait que le générateur (V) du dispositif d'identification engendre le deuxième signal d'interrogation (VE) sous la forme d'un signal oscillant pulsé, dont chaque impulsion (IE) a une fréquence porteuse prédéterminée, par exemple en basse fréquence à 125 KHz, lesdites impulsions ayant une période de récurrence prédéterminée, par exemple de l'ordre de 8 µs, et le code d'identification est un code binaire à plusieurs bits, de durée unitaire par exemple de 200 µs, par exemple à trois octets, la valeur 1 ou 0 de chaque bit étant destinée à activer ou désactiver le moyen inverseur de phase (22) pendant une durée correspondant sensiblement à celle du bit 1 ou 0.
- Système selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait que l'identifiant comporte un récepteur basse fréquence (13) ayant un circuit de remise en forme du signal dont la sortie est reliée, d'une part, au moyen de décodage (23) précité, et d'autre part, à une entrée d'une porte logique OU exclusif (22) qui constitue le moyen inverseur de phase précitée, l'autre entrée de ladite porte recevant les bits du code d'identification selon la fréquence de récurrence des impulsions (II) du deuxième signal d'interrogation (VI), la sortie de ladite porte logique étant reliée à un émetteur radio-fréquence (14) modulé par ledit signal de sortie de la porte logique.
- Système selon la revendication 7, caractérisé par le fait qu'un interrupteur est intercalé entre ladite porte logique (22) et l'émetteur radio-fréquence (14) de l'identifiant, ledit interrupteur étant commandé par l'unité centrale de commande (24) pour ouvrir la liaison entre la porte logique et l'émetteur pendant la phase de décodage du premier signal d'identification et pour fermer ladite liaison pendant la réception et la réémission du deuxième signal d'interrogation par l'identifiant.
- Système selon l'une des revendications 5 à 8, caractérisé par le fait qu'un moyen de déphasage (7) est intercalé entre un récepteur radio-fréquence (6) du dispositif d'identification et le moyen de détection de déphasage (21) précité, pour ajouter au deuxième signal d'interrogation (VR) reçu en provenance de l'identifiant un déphasage supplémentaire de 90° à l'entrée dudit moyen de détection de déphasage, ce dernier étant constitué d'une bascule D recevant sur une autre entrée le deuxième signal d'interrogation (VE) engendré par le générateur (V) du dispositif d'identification, pour délivrer en sortie, pour chaque impulsion dudit deuxième signal d'interrogation, une valeur binaire 1 ou 0 selon que la phase du deuxième signal d'interrogation reçu (VR) est en avance ou en retard d'environ 90° par rapport à la phase du deuxième signal d'interrogation engendré (VE), la sortie de ladite bascule D étant reliée à l'unité centrale de traitement (9) pour la comparer au code d'identification précité.
- Système selon l'une des revendications 5 à 9, caractérisé par le fait que, pour empêcher un échange de données d'identification à une distance supérieure à la limite prédéterminée, en particulier par interposition d'un répéteur non autorisé entre le dispositif d'identification et l'identifiant, le système comprend, en parallèle au moyen de détection de déphasage (21), un moyen discriminateur de phase (1) recevant, en entrée, le deuxième signal (VE) engendré par le générateur (V) du dispositif d'identification et le deuxième signal (VR) reçu par le circuit de réception (5-7) en provenance de l'identifiant, un moyen de filtrage (8) étant connecté en sortie dudit moyen discriminateur de phase, pour délivrer, en sortie, un signal continu (Vcc) représentatif du déphasage des signaux précités, ledit signal continu étant délivré à l'unité centrale de traitement (9) qui est sensible à la différence entre l'amplitude dudit signal continu délivré et l'amplitude d'un signal de référence, pour maintenir l'interdiction d'accès lorsque ladite différence dépasse une valeur de seuil prédéterminée.
- Système selon la revendication 10, caractérisé par le fait que le circuit de réception (5-7) du dispositif d'identification comporte une antenne (5) reliée à un récepteur radio-fréquence (6), par exemple à 434 MHz, connecté, d'une part, à une entrée du moyen discriminateur de phase précité (1) et, d'autre part, à une entrée du moyen de détection de phase précité (21), et le circuit d'émission (2-4) du dispositif d'identification comporte un générateur basse fréquence (V), par exemple à 125 KHz connecté, en parallèle, à l'autre entrée du moyen discriminateur de phase, à l'autre entrée du moyen détecteur de déphasage, et à un amplificateur d'antenne (2).
- Système selon la revendication 10 ou 11, caractérisé par le fait que le moyen discriminateur de phase précité (1) est une porte logique OU exclusif qui délivre en sortie un signal dont la composante continue varie linéairement en fonction du déphasage entre les deuxièmes signaux engendré (VE) et reçu (VR) précités sur une demi-période.
- Système selon la revendication 12, caractérisé par le fait que le moyen de filtrage précité (8) est un filtre passe-bas par exemple avec une fréquence de coupure de l'ordre de 10 KHz.
- Système selon l'une des revendications 10 à 13, caractérisé par le fait que l'unité centrale de traitement (9) comporte un micro-contrôleur équipé d'un convertisseur analogique/numérique, pour traiter numériquement la différence de valeur entre la tension continue délivrée (Vcc) et la tension de référence, et pour comparer les valeurs binaires du signal de sortie de la bascule D (21) et le code d'identification.
- Système selon la revendication 14, caractérisé par le fait que le générateur basse-fréquence (V) du dispositif d'identification est modulé en fréquence par l'unité centrale de traitement (9), de préférence de manière aléatoire, par exemple sur une plage de 120 à 130 KHz et avec une période d'environ une ms.
- Système selon l'une des revendications 10 à 15, caractérisé par le fait que le système comporte un moyen de mesure du temps de retard entre les deuxièmes signaux engendré et reçu précités, afin que l'unité centrale de traitement (9) maintienne l'interdiction d'accès lorsque la valeur du temps de retard mesurée dépasse une valeur de seuil prédéterminée, par exemple une ou deux périodes de récurrence dudit deuxième signal.
- Système selon l'une des revendications 10 à 17, caractérisé par le fait que la tension de référence, à laquelle est comparée la tension continue délivrée (Vcc) par le moyen de filtrage (8), est constituée par une valeur initialement mémorisée, qui est apprise par le système.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9907529A FR2795263B1 (fr) | 1999-06-15 | 1999-06-15 | Procede pour securiser une transmission bidirectionnelle de donnees avec un identifiant et systeme pour sa mise en oeuvre |
| FR9907529 | 1999-06-15 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1061211A1 true EP1061211A1 (fr) | 2000-12-20 |
| EP1061211B1 EP1061211B1 (fr) | 2005-03-02 |
Family
ID=9546781
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00401666A Expired - Lifetime EP1061211B1 (fr) | 1999-06-15 | 2000-06-13 | Procédé pour sécuriser une transmission bidirectionnelle de données avec un identifiant et système pour sa mise en oeuvre |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1061211B1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE60018327T2 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2234539T3 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2795263B1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002054353A1 (fr) * | 2000-12-29 | 2002-07-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Systeme d'identification pour detecter une autorisation d'acces a un objet ou d'utilisation d'un objet, notamment d'un vehicule automobile |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3040498B1 (fr) * | 2015-08-31 | 2018-02-09 | Valeo Comfort And Driving Assistance | Procede de determination d'une distance entre un vehicule et un identifiant d'acces et de demarrage du vehicule |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4804961A (en) * | 1985-12-12 | 1989-02-14 | Stiftelsen Institutet For Mikrovagsteknik Vid Tekniska Hogskolan I Stockholm | Method and apparatus for measuring distances |
| FR2621134A1 (fr) * | 1987-09-26 | 1989-03-31 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Systeme de discrimination d'objets mobiles |
| EP0694887A1 (fr) * | 1994-07-27 | 1996-01-31 | CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique S.A. - Recherche et Développement | Système de communication entre une station de base et un transpondeur passif |
| US5616966A (en) * | 1994-11-07 | 1997-04-01 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Anti-theft system for a motor vehicle |
-
1999
- 1999-06-15 FR FR9907529A patent/FR2795263B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-06-13 EP EP00401666A patent/EP1061211B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-13 ES ES00401666T patent/ES2234539T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-13 DE DE60018327T patent/DE60018327T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4804961A (en) * | 1985-12-12 | 1989-02-14 | Stiftelsen Institutet For Mikrovagsteknik Vid Tekniska Hogskolan I Stockholm | Method and apparatus for measuring distances |
| FR2621134A1 (fr) * | 1987-09-26 | 1989-03-31 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Systeme de discrimination d'objets mobiles |
| EP0694887A1 (fr) * | 1994-07-27 | 1996-01-31 | CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique S.A. - Recherche et Développement | Système de communication entre une station de base et un transpondeur passif |
| US5616966A (en) * | 1994-11-07 | 1997-04-01 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Anti-theft system for a motor vehicle |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002054353A1 (fr) * | 2000-12-29 | 2002-07-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Systeme d'identification pour detecter une autorisation d'acces a un objet ou d'utilisation d'un objet, notamment d'un vehicule automobile |
| US7098769B2 (en) | 2000-12-29 | 2006-08-29 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Identification system for verifying an authorization to access an object or to use an object, particularly a motor vehicle |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2795263A1 (fr) | 2000-12-22 |
| DE60018327D1 (de) | 2005-04-07 |
| DE60018327T2 (de) | 2006-04-13 |
| EP1061211B1 (fr) | 2005-03-02 |
| FR2795263B1 (fr) | 2001-08-24 |
| ES2234539T3 (es) | 2005-07-01 |
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