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EP1054072B1 - Superalliage à base de Nickel - Google Patents

Superalliage à base de Nickel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1054072B1
EP1054072B1 EP99810443A EP99810443A EP1054072B1 EP 1054072 B1 EP1054072 B1 EP 1054072B1 EP 99810443 A EP99810443 A EP 99810443A EP 99810443 A EP99810443 A EP 99810443A EP 1054072 B1 EP1054072 B1 EP 1054072B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ppm
nickel
weight
base superalloy
measured
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99810443A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1054072A1 (fr
Inventor
John Dr. Fernihough
Maxim Dr. Konter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Switzerland GmbH
Original Assignee
Alstom Schweiz AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Schweiz AG filed Critical Alstom Schweiz AG
Priority to EP99810443A priority Critical patent/EP1054072B1/fr
Priority to DE59904846T priority patent/DE59904846D1/de
Priority to US09/572,301 priority patent/US6419763B1/en
Publication of EP1054072A1 publication Critical patent/EP1054072A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1054072B1 publication Critical patent/EP1054072B1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
    • C22C19/057—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being less 10%
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
    • C22C19/056—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 10% but less than 20%

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of materials technology. It affects one Nickel-based superalloy, especially for the production of single crystal components (SX alloy) or components with a directionally solidified structure (DS alloy), such as blades for gas turbines.
  • SX alloy single crystal components
  • DS alloy directionally solidified structure
  • Such components made of nickel-based superalloys show high Temperatures have a very good material strength. This allows the Inlet temperature of gas turbines can be increased, increasing the efficiency of the Gas turbine rises.
  • Grain boundaries are areas of high local disorder of the crystal lattice, because in the neighboring grains collide in these areas and thus a certain one Disorientation exists between the crystal lattices.
  • Nitrogen is considered to be a harmful contaminant, one counteracting effect on the grain area and the formation of leads to non-metallic inclusions, for example titanium or tantalum nitrides. Grain defects can form on these inclusions (Metals Handbook, 10. Edition, 1990, ASM International, Vol. 1, p. 1000), which negatively affects the Properties of the alloys.
  • the invention tries to avoid all these disadvantages. You have the task based on a nickel-based superalloy (SX or DS alloy) for Manufacture to create single crystal components that differ from the known prior art through a larger small angle grain size tolerance distinguished and yet very good fatigue properties has low number of cycles and high stress temperatures.
  • SX or DS alloy nickel-based superalloy
  • Articles made of single crystals and articles should be included under single crystal components directionally frozen structure.
  • the nickel-based superalloy follows chemical composition (measured in% by weight) 3.0-13.0% Cr, 5.0-15.0% Co, 0-3.0% Mo, 3.5-9.5% W, 3.2-6.0% Al, 0-3.0% Ti, 2.0-10.0% Ta, 0-6.0% Re, 0.002-0.08% C, 0-0.04% B, 0-1.4% Hf, 0-0.005% Zr, 10-60 ppm N, balance nickel with Contamination exists or that the nickel-based superalloy follows chemical composition (measured in% by weight) 6.0-6.8% Cr, 8.0-10.0% Co, 0.5-0.7% Mo, 6.2-6.7% W, 5.4-5.8% Al, 0.6-1.2% Ti, 6.3-7.0% Ta, 2.7-3.2% Re, 0.02-0.04% C, 40-100 ppm B, 0.15-0.3% Hf, 15-50 ppm Mg, 0-400 ppm Y, 10-60
  • Another advantage is that the block-like morphology of the Carbide the well-known phenomenon of long character-like carbides is eliminated, which oxidize very quickly along its length and therefore the Increase the degree of oxidation of the alloy, this long character-like carbides are often the places where there is a crack start shows.
  • the alloy according to the invention is thus characterized by an increased Oxidation resistance of the small-angle grain boundaries as well as improved longitudinal and transverse mechanical properties.
  • an advantage of the invention is that in contrast to the reactive elements such as Mg, Ce or other rare earths Nitrogen does not react with the mask shape during casting, so the Composition of the alloy over the length of the casting always is constant.
  • the nickel-based superalloy consists of (in% by weight) 6% Cr, 9% Co, 0.5% Mo, 8% W, 5.7% Al, 0.7% Ti, 3% Ta, 3% Re, 0.07% C, 0.015% B, 1.4% Hf, 0.005% Zr, 10-60ppm N, rest of nickel with impurities.
  • a nickel-based superalloy with the following chemical composition 3.0-13.0% Cr, 5.0-15.0% Co, 0-3.0% Mo, 3.5-9.5% W, 3.2-6.0% Al, 0-3.0% Ti, 2.0-10.0% Ta, 0-6.0% Re, 0.002-0.08% C, 0-0.04% B, 0-0.5% Hf, 10-60 ppm N, balance nickel with impurities.
  • These alloys are in themselves well-known nickel-based superalloys, the composition of which by targeted addition of nitrogen was modified.
  • nickel-based superalloys described above a nitrogen content of 15 to 50 ppm, preferably 20 to 40 ppm. Above 60 ppm N, agglomerates of TiN particles form, which lead to a deterioration in properties, so this limit should not be exceeded.
  • the invention also relates to single crystal components, for example Buckets of gas turbines made from those described above Alloys according to the invention are produced.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 are micrographs of a DS alloy with directionally solidified Structure shown.
  • Fig. 1 shows the alloy with 5 ppm nitrogen
  • Fig. 2 shows the Alloy with 20 ppm nitrogen.
  • nickel-based superalloys SX and DS alloys, i.e. Single crystal alloys and alloys with directed solidified structure
  • SX and DS alloys i.e. Single crystal alloys and alloys with directed solidified structure
  • a nickel-based superalloy according to the invention in particular for Manufacture of single crystal components or directionally solidified components consists of (measured in% by weight) 3.0-13.0% Cr, 5.0-15.0% Co, 0-3.0% Mo, 3.5-9.5% W, 3.2-6.0% Al, 0-3.0% Ti, 2.0-10.0% Ta, 0-6.0% Re, 0.002-0.08% C, 0-0.04% B, 0-1.4% Hf, 0-0.005% Zr, as well as 10-60 ppm N, balance nickel with Impurities.
  • Another nickel-based superalloy according to the invention consists for example of (measured in% by weight) 6.0-6.8% Cr, 8.0-10.0% Co, 0.5-0.7% Mo, 6.2-6.7% W, 5.4-5.8% Al, 0.6-1.2% Ti, 6.3-7.0% Ta, 2.7-3.2% Re, 0.02-0.04% C, 40-100 ppm B, 0.15-0.3% Hf, 15-50 ppm Mg, 0-400 ppm Y, 10-60 ppm N, balance nickel with impurities.
  • Such an alloy, but without the stated nitrogen content is known from US Pat. No. 5,759,301.
  • the invention also relates to a nickel-based superalloy with (measured in Wt%) 6% Cr, 9% Co, 0.5% Mo, 8% W, 5.7% Al, 0.7% Ti, 3% Ta, 3% Re, 0.07% C, 0.015% B, 1.4% Hf, 0.005% Zr, 10-60 ppm N, balance Ni with impurities.
  • CM186 LC nickel-based superalloy with (measured in Wt%) 6% Cr, 9% Co, 0.5% Mo, 8% W, 5.7% Al, 0.7% Ti, 3% Ta, 3% Re, 0.07% C, 0.015% B, 1.4% Hf, 0.005% Zr, 10-60 ppm N, balance Ni with impurities.
  • Such an alloy, but without the specified nitrogen content, is under known as the CM186 LC.
  • nickel-based superalloy according to the invention following chemical composition (measured in% by weight) 3.0-13.0% Cr, 5.0-15.0% Co, 0-3.0% Mo, 3.5-9.5% W, 3.2-6.0% Al, 0-3.0% Ti, 2.0-10.0% Ta, 0-6.0% Re, 0.002-0.08% C, 0-0.04% B, 0-0.5% Hf, 10-60 ppm N, balance nickel with impurities.
  • C is a grain boundary element that has a positive impact on the Has small angle grain boundaries.
  • Figures 1 and 2 illustrate this using an example. They show Micrographs of nickel-based superalloys with a solidified structure (DS alloy) for single crystal components.
  • DS alloy solidified structure
  • the alloys differ only in their carbon content and nitrogen content, as can be seen in the table below. The values are given in% by weight or in ppm (*). Cr Co W al Ti Ta C O 2 * N 2 * L1 11.95 8.95 8.95 3.60 2:00 5.65 0076 10.0 20.0 VL2 11.89 8.96 8.95 3.75 2:01 5.81 0064 10.0 5.0
  • the alloys according to the invention are characterized by an increased Oxidation resistance of the small-angle grain boundaries as well as improved longitudinal and transverse mechanical properties.
  • the vulnerability to crack start is reduced and the alloys are characterized by a very good fatigue behavior at high temperatures. Because the nitrogen during casting and solidification, which is relatively long with DS alloys lasts, does not react with the mask shape, is the chemical composition along the cast part advantageously constant and thus the properties.
  • the nitrogen content in the SX and DS alloys according to the invention is advantageously 15 to 50 ppm or 20 to 40 ppm.
  • a maximum of 60 ppm N should not be exceeded, because then TiN agglomerates form, so that TiN is no longer finely divided and the carbides that form are consequently again adversely their morphology similar to larger Chinese characters Change carbides.
  • the nitrogen can be added to the alloy in various forms, for example in solid form as TiN, ZrN, TaN, CrN, BN or other solid Nitride, but also as liquid nitrides.
  • the alloy according to the invention can also nitrogen enriched material, e.g. B. Cr, Ti can be produced. Conceivable are still the production in a nitrogen atmosphere or a nitrogen containing atmosphere or the injection or blowing over of this gas in or over the alloy as well as pouring the molten Alloy in a nitrogen atmosphere or a nitrogen-containing one The atmosphere.
  • the alloy according to the invention is used in particular for the production of Single crystal components (single crystals or directionally solidified structure), for example, turbine blades used by gas turbines.
  • Single crystal components single crystals or directionally solidified structure
  • turbine blades used by gas turbines.
  • Size Components made from the alloy according to the invention can also be divided into others Machines are installed where a stable structure at high temperatures and very good mechanical properties are needed.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Superalliage à base de nickel, en particulier pour la fabrication de composants monocristallins ou de composants à solidification orientée, caractérisé par la composition chimique suivante (mesurée en % en poids):
    3,0 - 13,0 % Cr
    5,0 - 15,0 % Co
    0 - 3,0 % Mo
    3,5 - 9,5 % W
    3,2 - 6,0 % Al
    0 - 3,0 % Ti
    2,0 - 10,0 % Ta
    0 - 6,0 % Re
    0,002 - 0,08 % C
    0 - 0,04 % B
    0 - 1,4 % Hf
    0 - 0,005 % Zr
    10 - 60 ppm N
    le reste étant du nickel avec des impuretés.
  2. Superalliage à base de nickel suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par la composition chimique suivante (mesurée en % en poids):
    6 % Cr
    9 % Co
    0,5 % Mo
    8 % W
    5,7 % Al
    0,7 % Ti
    3 % Ta
    3 % Re
    0,07 % C
    0.015 % B
    1,4 % Hf
    0.005 % Zr
    10-60 ppm N
    le reste étant du nickel avec des impuretés.
  3. Superalliage à base de nickel suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par la composition chimique suivante (mesurée en % en poids):
    3,0 - 13,0 % Cr
    5,0 - 15,0 % Co
    0 - 3,0 % Mo
    3,5 - 9,5 % W
    3,2 - 6,0 % Al
    0 - 3,0 % Ti
    2,0 - 10,0 % Ta
    0 - 6,0 % Re
    0,002 - 0,08 % C
    0 - 0,04 % B
    0 - 0,5 % Hf
    10 - 60 ppm N
    le reste étant du nickel avec des impuretés.
  4. Superalliage à base de nickel, en particulier pour la fabrication de composants monocristallins ou de composants à solidification orientée, caractérisé par la composition chimique suivante (mesurée en % en poids):
    6,0 - 6,8 % Cr
    8,0 - 10,0 % Co
    0,5 - 0,7 % Mo
    6,2 - 6,7 % W
    5,4 - 5,8 % Al
    0,6 - 1,2 % Ti
    6,3 - 7,0 % Ta
    2,7 - 3,2 % Re
    0,02 - 0,04 % C
    40 - 100 ppm B
    0,15 - 0,3 % Hf
    15 - 50 ppm Mg
    0 - 400 ppm Y
    10 - 60 ppm N
    le reste étant du nickel avec des impuretés.
  5. Superalliage à base de nickel suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par une teneur en azote de 15-50 ppm.
  6. Superalliage à base de nickel suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par une teneur en azote de 20-40 ppm.
  7. Superalliage à base de nickel suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que N (en ppm) = (0,01-0,2) ppm C.
  8. Superalliage à base de nickel suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que N (en ppm) = (1,0-5,0) % en poids de Cr.
  9. Superalliage à base de nickel suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que N (en ppm) = (1,0-4,0) % en poids C + 3 % en poids Ti + 0,7 % en poids Ta + 0,11 (% en poids W + % en poids Re) + 0,6 % en poids Co - 0,682 % en poids Al.
  10. Composant monocristallin en superalliage à base de nickel, composé de (mesurée en % en poids):
    3, 0 - 13,0 % Cr
    5,0 - 15,0 % Co
    0 - 3,0 % Mo
    3,5 - 9,5 % W
    3,2 - 6,0 % Al
    0 - 3,0 % Ti
    2,0 - 10,0 % Ta
    0 - 6,0 % Re
    0,002 - 0,08 % C
    0 - 0,04 % B
    0 - 1,4 % Hf
    0 - 0,005 % Zr
    10 - 60 ppm N
    le reste étant du nickel avec des impuretés.
  11. Composant monocristallin en superalliage à base de nickel, composé de (mesurée en % en poids):
    6 % Cr
    9 % Co
    0,5 % Mo
    8 % W
    5,7 % Al
    0,7 % Ti
    3 % Ta
    3 % Re
    0,07 % C
    0,015 % B
    1,4 % Hf
    0,005 % Zr
    10-60 ppm N
    le reste étant du nickel avec des impuretés.
  12. Composant monocristallin en superalliage à base de nickel, composé de (mesurée en % en poids):
    3,0 - 13,0 % Cr
    5,0 - 15,0 % Co
    0 - 0,3 % Mo
    3,5 - 9,5 % W
    3,2 - 6,0 % Al
    0 - 3,0 % Ti
    2,0 - 10,0 % Ta
    0 - 6,0 % Re
    0,02 - 0,08 % C
    0 - 0,04 % B
    0 - 0,5 % Hf
    10 - 60 ppm N
    le reste étant du nickel avec des impuretés.
  13. Composant monocristallin en superalliage à base de nickel, composé de (mesurée en % en poids):
    6,0 - 6,8 % Cr
    8,0 - 10,0 % Co
    0,5 - 0,7 % Mo
    6,2 - 6,7 % W
    5,4 - 5,8 % Al
    0,6 - 1,2 % Ti
    6,3 - 7,0 % Ta
    2,7 - 3, 2 % Re
    0,02 - 0,04 % C
    40 - 100 ppm B
    0,15 - 0,3 % Hf
    15 - 50 ppm Mg
    0 - 400 ppm Y
    10 - 60 ppm N
    le reste étant du nickel avec des impuretés.
  14. Composant monocristallin en superalliage à base de nickel suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 13, caractérisé par une teneur en azote de 15 à 50 ppm, de préférence de 20 à 40 ppm.
  15. Composant monocristallin en superalliage à base de nickel suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 13, caractérisé en ce que N (en ppm) = (0,01-0,2) ppm C ou N (en ppm) = (1,0-5,0) % en poids Cr ou N (en ppm) = (1,0-4,0) % en poids C + 3 % en poids Ti + 0,7 % en poids Ta + 0,11 (% en poids W + % en poids Re) + 0,6 % en poids Co - 0,682 % en poids Al.
  16. Composant monocristallin en superalliage à base de nickel suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 15, caractérisé en ce que le composant monocristallin est une aube de turbine à gaz.
EP99810443A 1999-05-20 1999-05-20 Superalliage à base de Nickel Expired - Lifetime EP1054072B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99810443A EP1054072B1 (fr) 1999-05-20 1999-05-20 Superalliage à base de Nickel
DE59904846T DE59904846D1 (de) 1999-05-20 1999-05-20 Nickel-Basis-Superlegierung
US09/572,301 US6419763B1 (en) 1999-05-20 2000-05-18 Nickel-base superalloy

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99810443A EP1054072B1 (fr) 1999-05-20 1999-05-20 Superalliage à base de Nickel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1054072A1 EP1054072A1 (fr) 2000-11-22
EP1054072B1 true EP1054072B1 (fr) 2003-04-02

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Country Status (3)

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US (1) US6419763B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1054072B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59904846D1 (fr)

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