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EP1047803A1 - Aluminium sliding bearing alloy - Google Patents

Aluminium sliding bearing alloy

Info

Publication number
EP1047803A1
EP1047803A1 EP98956891A EP98956891A EP1047803A1 EP 1047803 A1 EP1047803 A1 EP 1047803A1 EP 98956891 A EP98956891 A EP 98956891A EP 98956891 A EP98956891 A EP 98956891A EP 1047803 A1 EP1047803 A1 EP 1047803A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mass
lead
bearing alloy
plain bearing
aluminum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98956891A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1047803B1 (en
Inventor
Klaus Deicke
Werner Schubert
Thomas Steffens
Thomas Pomocnik
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KS Gleitlager GmbH
Original Assignee
KS Gleitlager GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KS Gleitlager GmbH filed Critical KS Gleitlager GmbH
Publication of EP1047803A1 publication Critical patent/EP1047803A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1047803B1 publication Critical patent/EP1047803B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/003—Alloys based on aluminium containing at least 2.6% of one or more of the elements: tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, cadmium, and titanium

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an aluminum plain bearing alloy with proportions of zinc, copper, magnesium, silicon and lead.
  • a plain bearing alloy is, for example, AlZn, ⁇ CuMgSiPb, which the applicant has long been producing under the trade name KS 961.
  • This plain bearing alloy is characterized by high resilience.
  • a high quality plain bearing material has not yet been produced.
  • EP 0 440 275 A1 has proposed an aluminum alloy which contains one or more of the components 1 to 50% by mass of lead, 3 to 50% by mass of bismuth and 15 to 50% by mass of indium, and additionally one or more of the components 0.1 to 20 mass% silicon, 0.1 to 20 mass% tin, 0.1 to 10 mass% zinc, 0.1 to 5 mass% magnesium, 0.1 to 5 mass% copper, Cast from 0.05 to 3% by weight of iron, 0.05 to 3% by weight of manganese, 0.05 to 3% by weight of nickel and 0.01 to 0.3% by weight of titanium, the strand is quenched by direct cooling water at 700 K / s.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object, starting from the aforementioned
  • an aluminum plain bearing alloy with 3 to 6 mass% zinc, 0.3 to 2.0 mass% copper, 0.2 to 1.0 mass% magnesium, 0.3 to 2.0 mass% % Silicon and 2 to 4.5 mass% lead, which is obtainable by continuous casting with the smallest dimension, ie Thickness of the strand of more than 20 mm, when solidifying in an exclusively indirectly cooled mold, with a withdrawal speed of 1 to 5 mm / s and with a cooling rate of less than 100 K / s.
  • the aluminum plain bearing alloy is preferably cast vertically.
  • the cooling rate of less than 100 K / s is achieved in that the alloy or the solidifying strand is cooled not by directly quenching the strand but by applying coolant to the casting mold.
  • the cooling rate during continuous casting is preferably 20 to 50 K / s.
  • the withdrawal speed of the strand is preferably 1.5 to 2.5 mm / s.
  • the slide bearing alloy according to the invention is advantageously characterized in that 90% of the drop-shaped lead deposits have a dimension of less than 10 ⁇ m.
  • Figures 1 to 5 show micrographs of various aluminum plain bearing alloys according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows the Schufflag an AlZn4, 5CuMgSiPbl, 9.
  • the casting furnace temperature was 775 ° C, and the manifold temperature of the continuous caster was set to 745 ° C, the mold temperature to 720 ° C.
  • the casting or withdrawal speed of the strand was approximately 2 mm / s.
  • the result is a perfect structure that does not differ from that of the well-known aluminum plain bearing alloy KS 961.
  • the casting furnace temperature was increased slightly to 780 ° C; the manifold temperature and the mold temperature remained unchanged at 745 ° C and 720 ° C, respectively.
  • Figure 3 shows the micrograph of a
  • Aluminum plain bearing alloy which differs from that according to FIG. 1 in that it contains 3% by mass of lead.
  • the casting furnace temperature was 805 ° C, the distributor temperature 765 ° C and the mold temperature 740 ° C. The temperatures were raised because the segregation temperature in the phase gram increases with increasing lead concentration.
  • Figure 4 shows the micrograph of a corresponding aluminum plain bearing alloy with 3.7 mass% lead.
  • the casting furnace temperature was 815 ° C, the distributor temperature 775 ° C and the mold temperature 750 ° C.
  • FIG. 5 shows the micrograph which was obtained after casting the alloy according to FIG. 4, which was alloyed with 0.2% by mass of tin and consequently contains only 3.6% by mass of lead.
  • the structure contains a larger proportion of finer lead excretions than FIG. 4.
  • the casting parameters corresponded to those according to the above exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an aluminum sliding bearing alloy, comprising 3 to 6 mass % zinc, 0.3 to 2.0 mass % copper, 0.2 to 1.0 mass % magnesium, 0.3 to 2.0 mass % silicon and 2 to 4.5 mass % lead. According to the invention, said alloy is obtained by means of continuous casting with a minimum dimension, i.e. a strand thickness of more than 20 mm, solidifying in a mold which is indirectly cooled only, with a withdrawal speed of 1 to 5 mm/s and with a cooling speed of less than 100 K/s.

Description

Aluminium-Gleitlagerlegierung Aluminum plain bearing alloy
Beschreibungdescription
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Aluminiumgleitlagerlegierung mit Anteilen an Zink, Kupfer, Magnesium, Silizium und Blei. Eine derartige Gleitlagerlegierung ist beispielsweise die von der Anmelderin seit langem unter dem Handelsnamen KS 961 hergestellte AlZn , ΞCuMgSiPb. Diese Gleitlagerlegierung zeichnet sich durch hohe Belastbarkeit aus. Eine Erhöhung des Bleigehalts zur Verbesserung der Notlaufeigenschaf en, d.h. zur Erhöhung der Freßsicherheit , ließ sich bislang in befriedigender Weise nicht erreichen, da bei Bleigehalten oberhalb von 1 Masse-% in der flüssigen Schmelze eine Phasentrennung in Form der Ausscheidung einer flüssigen Bleiphase auftritt. Diese Entmischung bei höheren Bleigehalten der Aluminiumgleitlagerlegierung verhindert die Ausbildung feinverteilter Bleiausscheidungen. Ein qualitativ hochstehender Gleitlagerwerkstoff ließ sich bislang nicht herstellen.The invention relates to an aluminum plain bearing alloy with proportions of zinc, copper, magnesium, silicon and lead. Such a plain bearing alloy is, for example, AlZn, ΞCuMgSiPb, which the applicant has long been producing under the trade name KS 961. This plain bearing alloy is characterized by high resilience. An increase in the lead content to improve emergency running properties, i.e. To increase the seizure security, has so far not been satisfactorily achieved, since with lead contents above 1 mass% in the liquid melt, a phase separation occurs in the form of the excretion of a liquid lead phase. This segregation at higher lead contents in the aluminum plain bearing alloy prevents the formation of finely divided lead deposits. A high quality plain bearing material has not yet been produced.
Mit der EP 0 440 275 AI wurde zwar vorgeschlagen, eine Aluminiumlegierung, die eine oder mehrere der Komponenten 1 bis 50 Masse-% Blei, 3 bis 50 Masse-% Wismust und 15 bis 50 Masse-% Indium sowie zusätzlich eine oder mehrere der Komponenten 0,1 bis 20 Masse-% Silizium, 0,1 bis 20 Masse-% Zinn, 0,1 bis 10 Masse-% Zink, 0,1 bis 5 Masse-% Magnesium, 0,1 bis 5 Masse-% Kupfer, 0,05 bis 3 Gew.-% Eisen, 0,05 bis 3 Masse-% Mangan, 0,05 bis 3 Masse-% Nickel und 0,01 bis 0,3 Masse-% Titan aufweisen können, im Strangguss zu vergießen, wobei der Strang durch direkte Kühlwasserbeaufschlagung mit 700 K/s abgeschreckt wird. Hierdurch soll verhindert werden, dass in der Zeit zwischen dem Unterschreiten der Entmischungstemperatur und der Erstarrung des Matrixmetalls großvolumige Aussscheidungen einer Minoritätsphase gebildet werden. Es hat sich jedoch gezeigt, dass bei direkter Wasserkühlung des erstarrenden Strangs zeitlich und räumlich starke Schwankungen der Abkühlungsgeschwindigkeit auftreten, die zu Inhomogenitäten im Gußstück führen. Eine für die Serienfertigung erforderliche Prozeßstabilität lässt sich nicht reproduzierbar erreichen. Außerdem besteht in Folge der sehr hohen Abkühlgeschwindigkeit eine erheblich Gefahr einer Rißbildung im Gußstück.EP 0 440 275 A1 has proposed an aluminum alloy which contains one or more of the components 1 to 50% by mass of lead, 3 to 50% by mass of bismuth and 15 to 50% by mass of indium, and additionally one or more of the components 0.1 to 20 mass% silicon, 0.1 to 20 mass% tin, 0.1 to 10 mass% zinc, 0.1 to 5 mass% magnesium, 0.1 to 5 mass% copper, Cast from 0.05 to 3% by weight of iron, 0.05 to 3% by weight of manganese, 0.05 to 3% by weight of nickel and 0.01 to 0.3% by weight of titanium, the strand is quenched by direct cooling water at 700 K / s. This is to prevent the time between falling below the separation temperature and solidification of the matrix metal large-volume excretions of a minority phase are formed. It has been shown, however, that with direct water cooling of the solidifying strand, there are large fluctuations in the cooling rate in time and space, which lead to inhomogeneities in the casting. The process stability required for series production cannot be reproducibly achieved. In addition, as a result of the very high cooling rate, there is a considerable risk of cracking in the casting.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ausgehend von der eingangs erwähntenThe present invention is therefore based on the object, starting from the aforementioned
Aluminiumgleitlagerlegierung, deren Notlaufeigenschaften zu erhöhen.Aluminum plain bearing alloy to increase its emergency running properties.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch eine Aluminiumgleitlagerlegierung mit 3 bis 6 Masse-% Zink, 0,3 bis 2,0 Masse-% Kupfer, 0,2 bis 1,0 Masse-% Magnesium, 0,3 bis 2,0 Masse-% Silicium und 2 bis 4,5 Masse-% Blei, die erhältlich ist durch Stranggießen mit einer kleinsten Abmessung, d.h. Dicke des Strangs von mehr als 20 mm, bei einer Erstarrung in einer ausschließlich indirekt gekühlten Kokille, mit einer Abzugsgeschwindigkeit von 1 bis 5 mm/s und mit einer Abkühlgeschwindigkeit von weniger als 100 K/s. Die Aluminiumgleitlagerlegierung wird vorzugsweise vertikal vergossen.This object is achieved according to the invention by an aluminum plain bearing alloy with 3 to 6 mass% zinc, 0.3 to 2.0 mass% copper, 0.2 to 1.0 mass% magnesium, 0.3 to 2.0 mass% % Silicon and 2 to 4.5 mass% lead, which is obtainable by continuous casting with the smallest dimension, ie Thickness of the strand of more than 20 mm, when solidifying in an exclusively indirectly cooled mold, with a withdrawal speed of 1 to 5 mm / s and with a cooling rate of less than 100 K / s. The aluminum plain bearing alloy is preferably cast vertically.
Die Abkühlgeschwindigkeit von weniger als 100 K/s wird dadurch erreicht, dass die Legierung bzw. der erstarrende Strang nicht durch unmittelbares Abschrecken des Stranges sondern durch Kühlmittelbeaufschlagung der Gießkokille gekühlt wird.The cooling rate of less than 100 K / s is achieved in that the alloy or the solidifying strand is cooled not by directly quenching the strand but by applying coolant to the casting mold.
Mit der Erfindung wurde erstmalig festgestellt, dass Aluminiumgleitlagerlegierungen der genannten Art mit einem erhöhten Bleigehalt von 2 bis 4,5 Masse-% bei der vorstehend wiedergegebenen Prozessführung mit zufriedenstellender Qualität im Hinblick auf das Gussgefüge hergestellt werden können. Die Abkühlgeschwindigkeit beim Stranggießen beträgt vorzugsweise 20 bis 50 K/s. Die Abzugsgeschwindigkeit des Strangs beträgt vorzugsweise 1,5 bis 2,5 mm/s.With the invention it was found for the first time that aluminum plain bearing alloys of the type mentioned with an increased lead content of 2 to 4.5 mass% in the above reproduced process control with satisfactory quality with regard to the cast structure can be produced. The cooling rate during continuous casting is preferably 20 to 50 K / s. The withdrawal speed of the strand is preferably 1.5 to 2.5 mm / s.
Die erfindungsgemäße Gleitlagerlegierung zeichnet sich in vorteilhafter Weise dadurch aus, dass 90 % der tropfenförmigen Blei-Ausscheidungen eine Abmessung von weniger als 10 μm aufweisen.The slide bearing alloy according to the invention is advantageously characterized in that 90% of the drop-shaped lead deposits have a dimension of less than 10 μm.
Es wurde festgestellt, dass bei einem Bleigehalt von mehr als 2,5 Masse-% gelegentlich etwas gröbere Bleikugeln mit Durchmessern bis ca. 20 μm auftreten. Diese haben jedoch keine negativen Auswirkungen auf die Festigkeit des Gleitlagerwerkstoffs .It was found that with a lead content of more than 2.5% by mass, somewhat coarser lead balls with diameters of up to approx. 20 μm sometimes occur. However, these have no negative effects on the strength of the plain bearing material.
Erst bei Bleigehalten von etwa 3,5 Masse-% und mehr treten häufiger größere Bleikugeln auf, die eine Größe von maximal 50 μm erreichen. Es hat sich aber gezeigt, dass bei Bleigehalten bis 4 Masse-%, in jedem Fall aber bis 3,5 Masse- %, das Gußgefüge noch keine wesentliche Verringerung der Festigkeit zeigt.Larger lead balls with a maximum size of 50 μm only appear more frequently if the lead content is around 3.5% by mass or more. However, it has been shown that with lead contents of up to 4% by mass, but in any case up to 3.5% by mass, the cast structure does not yet show any significant reduction in strength.
Die Figuren 1 bis 5 zeigen Schliffbilder verschiedener erfindungsgemäßer Aluminiumgleitlagerlegierungen .Figures 1 to 5 show micrographs of various aluminum plain bearing alloys according to the invention.
Figur 1 zeigt das Schuffbild einer AlZn4 , 5CuMgSiPbl , 9. Die Gießofentemperatur betrug 775 °C, und die Verteilertemperatur der Stranggießanlage wurde auf 745 °C eingestellt, die Kokillentemperatur auf 720 °C. Die Gieß- bzw. Abzugsgeschwindigkeit des Strangs betrug ca. 2 mm/s.Figure 1 shows the Schuffbild an AlZn4, 5CuMgSiPbl, 9. The casting furnace temperature was 775 ° C, and the manifold temperature of the continuous caster was set to 745 ° C, the mold temperature to 720 ° C. The casting or withdrawal speed of the strand was approximately 2 mm / s.
Das Resultat ist ein perfektes Gefüge, das sich von demjenigen der bekannten Aluminiumgleitlagerlegierung KS 961 nicht unterscheidet. Entsprechendes gilt für die Legierung nach Figur 2, die sich von derjenigen nach Figur 1 dadurch unterscheidet, dass der Bleigehalt 2,5 Masse-% beträgt. Die Gießofentemperatur wurde geringfügig auf 780 °C erhöht; die Verteilertemperatur und die Kokillentemperatur blieben unverändert auf 745 °C bzw. 720 °C.The result is a perfect structure that does not differ from that of the well-known aluminum plain bearing alloy KS 961. The same applies to the alloy according to FIG. 2, which differs from that according to FIG. 1 in that the lead content is 2.5% by mass. The casting furnace temperature was increased slightly to 780 ° C; the manifold temperature and the mold temperature remained unchanged at 745 ° C and 720 ° C, respectively.
Figur 3 zeigt das Schliffbild einerFigure 3 shows the micrograph of a
Aluminiumgleitlagerlegierung, die sich von derjenigen nach Figur 1 dadurch unterscheidet, dass sie 3 Masse-% Blei enthält. Die Gießofentemperatur betrug 805 °C, die Verteilertemperatur 765 °C und die Kokillentemperatur 740 °C. Die Temperaturen wurden angehoben, da die Entmischungstemperatur im Phasengramm mit zunehmender Bleikonzentration zunimmt.Aluminum plain bearing alloy, which differs from that according to FIG. 1 in that it contains 3% by mass of lead. The casting furnace temperature was 805 ° C, the distributor temperature 765 ° C and the mold temperature 740 ° C. The temperatures were raised because the segregation temperature in the phase gram increases with increasing lead concentration.
Figur 4 zeigt das Schliffbild einer entsprechenden Aluminiumgleitlagerlegierung mit 3,7 Masse-% Blei. Die Gießofentemperatur betrug 815 °C, die Verteilertemperatur 775 °C und die Kokillentemperatur 750 °C.Figure 4 shows the micrograph of a corresponding aluminum plain bearing alloy with 3.7 mass% lead. The casting furnace temperature was 815 ° C, the distributor temperature 775 ° C and the mold temperature 750 ° C.
Figur 5 zeigt das Schliffbild, welches nach dem Vergießen der Legierung nach Figur 4 erhalten wurde, die mit 0,2 Masse-% Zinn auflegiert wurde und demzufolge nur noch 3,6 Masse-% Blei enthält. Das Gefüge enthält einen größeren Anteil feinerer Bleiausscheidungen als Figur 4. Die Gießparameter entsprachen denjenigen nach dem vorstehenden Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 4. FIG. 5 shows the micrograph which was obtained after casting the alloy according to FIG. 4, which was alloyed with 0.2% by mass of tin and consequently contains only 3.6% by mass of lead. The structure contains a larger proportion of finer lead excretions than FIG. 4. The casting parameters corresponded to those according to the above exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Aluminiumgleitlagerlegierung mit 3 bis 6 Masse- % Zink, 0,3 bis 2,0 Masse-% Kupfer, 0,2 bis 1,0 Masse-% Magnesium, 0,3 bis 2,0 Masse-% Silizium und 2 bis 4,5 Masse-% Blei, erhältlich durch Stranggießen mit einer kleinsten Abmessung, d.h. Dicke des Strangs von mehr als 20 mm, bei einer Erstarrung in einer ausschließlich indirekt gekühlten Kokille, mit einer Abzugsgeschwindigkeit von 1 bis 5 mm/s und mit einer Abkühlgeschwindigkeit von weniger als 100 K/s.1. Aluminum plain bearing alloy with 3 to 6 mass% zinc, 0.3 to 2.0 mass% copper, 0.2 to 1.0 mass% magnesium, 0.3 to 2.0 mass% silicon and 2 to 4.5 mass% lead, obtainable by continuous casting with the smallest dimension, ie Thickness of the strand of more than 20 mm, when solidifying in an exclusively indirectly cooled mold, with a withdrawal speed of 1 to 5 mm / s and with a cooling rate of less than 100 K / s.
2. Aluminiumgleitlagerlegierung, gekennzeichnet durch 2 bis 4 Masse-% Blei.2. Aluminum plain bearing alloy, characterized by 2 to 4 mass% lead.
3. Aluminiumgleitlagerlegierung, gekennzeichnet durch 2,5 bis 4 Masse-% Blei.3. Aluminum plain bearing alloy, characterized by 2.5 to 4% by mass of lead.
4. Aluminiumgleitlagerlegierung, gekennzeichnet durch 2,5 bis 3,5 Masse-% Blei.4. Aluminum plain bearing alloy, characterized by 2.5 to 3.5 mass% lead.
5. Aluminiumgleitlagerlegierung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abkühlgeschwindigkeit beim Stranggießen 20 bis 50 K/s beträgt.5. aluminum plain bearing alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling rate during continuous casting is 20 to 50 K / s.
6. Aluminiumlegierung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abzugsgeschwindigkeit beim Stranggießen 1,5 bis 2,5 mm/s beträgt.6. Aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that the withdrawal speed during continuous casting is 1.5 to 2.5 mm / s.
7. Aluminiumlegierung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 90 % der tropfenförmigen Blei- Ausscheidungen eine Abmessung von weniger als 10 μm aufweisen . 7. Aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that 90% of the drop-shaped lead excretions have a dimension of less than 10 microns.
EP98956891A 1998-01-08 1998-10-29 Aluminium sliding bearing alloy Expired - Lifetime EP1047803B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19800433A DE19800433C2 (en) 1998-01-08 1998-01-08 Continuous casting process for casting an aluminum plain bearing alloy
DE19800433 1998-01-08
PCT/EP1998/006856 WO1999035296A1 (en) 1998-01-08 1998-10-29 Aluminium sliding bearing alloy

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1047803A1 true EP1047803A1 (en) 2000-11-02
EP1047803B1 EP1047803B1 (en) 2001-12-12

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EP98956891A Expired - Lifetime EP1047803B1 (en) 1998-01-08 1998-10-29 Aluminium sliding bearing alloy

Country Status (8)

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US (1) US6328823B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1047803B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2002505375A (en)
AT (1) ATE210740T1 (en)
BR (1) BR9813717A (en)
DE (2) DE19800433C2 (en)
ES (1) ES2169563T3 (en)
WO (1) WO1999035296A1 (en)

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GB2366531B (en) * 2000-09-11 2004-08-11 Daido Metal Co Method and apparatus for continuous casting of aluminum bearing alloy
US6401457B1 (en) * 2001-01-31 2002-06-11 Cummins, Inc. System for estimating turbocharger compressor outlet temperature
DE102005001537B3 (en) * 2005-01-13 2006-05-18 Ks Gleitlager Gmbh Friction bearing material for automobile internal combustion engines, comprises steel carrier layer coated with lead-free aluminum alloy comprising zinc supersaturated aluminum mixed crystals in which zinc particles are finely distributed
US7846554B2 (en) * 2007-04-11 2010-12-07 Alcoa Inc. Functionally graded metal matrix composite sheet
US8403027B2 (en) 2007-04-11 2013-03-26 Alcoa Inc. Strip casting of immiscible metals
DE102007033563A1 (en) * 2007-07-19 2009-01-22 Ks Gleitlager Gmbh Plain bearing composite material
US8956472B2 (en) 2008-11-07 2015-02-17 Alcoa Inc. Corrosion resistant aluminum alloys having high amounts of magnesium and methods of making the same

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JPS5428714A (en) * 1977-08-09 1979-03-03 Daido Metal Co Ltd Aluminum base bearing alloy and composite bearing thereof
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See references of WO9935296A1 *

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Publication number Publication date
ATE210740T1 (en) 2001-12-15
ES2169563T3 (en) 2002-07-01
EP1047803B1 (en) 2001-12-12
DE19800433A1 (en) 1999-07-22
BR9813717A (en) 2000-10-10
DE19800433C2 (en) 2002-03-21
JP2002505375A (en) 2002-02-19
WO1999035296A1 (en) 1999-07-15
US6328823B1 (en) 2001-12-11
DE59802478D1 (en) 2002-01-24

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