EP0929535A1 - Procede et nouveaux intermediaires - Google Patents
Procede et nouveaux intermediairesInfo
- Publication number
- EP0929535A1 EP0929535A1 EP97941446A EP97941446A EP0929535A1 EP 0929535 A1 EP0929535 A1 EP 0929535A1 EP 97941446 A EP97941446 A EP 97941446A EP 97941446 A EP97941446 A EP 97941446A EP 0929535 A1 EP0929535 A1 EP 0929535A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- compound
- substituted
- formula
- cycloalkyl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 title abstract description 21
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- -1 Sbenzyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical group CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical group C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000006552 (C3-C8) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000005931 tert-butyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(OC(*)=O)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003601 C2-C6 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pd(PPh3)4 Substances [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000006273 (C1-C3) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000882 C2-C6 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000006555 (C3-C5) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000006241 alcohol protecting group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001584 benzyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group C(=O)(OCC1=CC=CC=C1)* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 5
- UYWQUFXKFGHYNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylmethyl ester of formic acid Chemical group O=COCC1=CC=CC=C1 UYWQUFXKFGHYNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- BHIIGRBMZRSDRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [chloro(phenoxy)phosphoryl]oxybenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(=O)(Cl)OC1=CC=CC=C1 BHIIGRBMZRSDRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NOWKCMXCCJGMRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aziridine Chemical compound C1CN1 NOWKCMXCCJGMRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003553 thiiranes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001589 carboacyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims 13
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 5
- 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims 4
- 125000004191 (C1-C6) alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O sulfonium Chemical compound [SH3+] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 15
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 13
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- PSNOPSMXOBPNNV-VVCTWANISA-N cryptophycin 1 Chemical class C1=C(Cl)C(OC)=CC=C1C[C@@H]1C(=O)NC[C@@H](C)C(=O)O[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)O[C@H]([C@H](C)[C@@H]2[C@H](O2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)C/C=C/C(=O)N1 PSNOPSMXOBPNNV-VVCTWANISA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 6
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- PFKFTWBEEFSNDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonyldiimidazole Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(=O)N1C=CN=C1 PFKFTWBEEFSNDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- JQSHBVHOMNKWFT-DTORHVGOSA-N varenicline Chemical compound C12=CC3=NC=CN=C3C=C2[C@H]2C[C@@H]1CNC2 JQSHBVHOMNKWFT-DTORHVGOSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229930188224 Cryptophycin Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- LJIOTBMDLVHTBO-CUYJMHBOSA-N (2s)-2-amino-n-[(1r,2r)-1-cyano-2-[4-[4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)sulfonylphenyl]phenyl]cyclopropyl]butanamide Chemical compound CC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@]1(C#N)C[C@@H]1C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)S(=O)(=O)N2CCN(C)CC2)C=C1 LJIOTBMDLVHTBO-CUYJMHBOSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940125773 compound 10 Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000010511 deprotection reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- ZLVXBBHTMQJRSX-VMGNSXQWSA-N jdtic Chemical compound C1([C@]2(C)CCN(C[C@@H]2C)C[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H]2NCC3=CC(O)=CC=C3C2)=CC=CC(O)=C1 ZLVXBBHTMQJRSX-VMGNSXQWSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 4
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- DYHSDKLCOJIUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butoxycarbonyl anhydride Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)OC(=O)OC(C)(C)C DYHSDKLCOJIUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QCQCHGYLTSGIGX-GHXANHINSA-N 4-[[(3ar,5ar,5br,7ar,9s,11ar,11br,13as)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-[(5-methylpyridine-3-carbonyl)amino]-2-oxo-1-propan-2-yl-4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a-dodecahydro-3h-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl]oxy]-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical group N([C@@]12CC[C@@]3(C)[C@]4(C)CC[C@H]5C(C)(C)[C@@H](OC(=O)CC(C)(C)C(O)=O)CC[C@]5(C)[C@H]4CC[C@@H]3C1=C(C(C2)=O)C(C)C)C(=O)C1=CN=CC(C)=C1 QCQCHGYLTSGIGX-GHXANHINSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MITGKKFYIJJQGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-6-methylsulfonyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-carbazol-4-one Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(C(=O)N2C3=CC=C(C=C3C=3C(CCCC2=3)=O)S(=O)(=O)C)C=C1 MITGKKFYIJJQGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 108010006226 cryptophycin Proteins 0.000 description 3
- PSNOPSMXOBPNNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N cryptophycin-327 Natural products C1=C(Cl)C(OC)=CC=C1CC1C(=O)NCC(C)C(=O)OC(CC(C)C)C(=O)OC(C(C)C2C(O2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)CC=CC(=O)N1 PSNOPSMXOBPNNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- ILMRJRBKQSSXGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl(dimethyl)silicon Chemical compound C[Si](C)C(C)(C)C ILMRJRBKQSSXGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001981 tert-butyldimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([H])(C([H])([H])[H])[*]C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- UNILWMWFPHPYOR-KXEYIPSPSA-M 1-[6-[2-[3-[3-[3-[2-[2-[3-[[2-[2-[[(2r)-1-[[2-[[(2r)-1-[3-[2-[2-[3-[[2-(2-amino-2-oxoethoxy)acetyl]amino]propoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]propylamino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-3-[(2r)-2,3-di(hexadecanoyloxy)propyl]sulfanyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl Chemical compound O=C1C(SCCC(=O)NCCCOCCOCCOCCCNC(=O)COCC(=O)N[C@@H](CSC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@H](CO)C(=O)NCCCOCCOCCOCCCNC(=O)COCC(N)=O)CC(=O)N1CCNC(=O)CCCCCN\1C2=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C2CC/1=C/C=C/C=C/C1=[N+](CC)C2=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C2C1 UNILWMWFPHPYOR-KXEYIPSPSA-M 0.000 description 2
- LWDMVGPGUUNBGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[chloro-(2-phenylphenyl)phosphoryl]-2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=C(C(=C(C(=C1P(=O)(C1=C(C=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1)Cl)F)F)F)F LWDMVGPGUUNBGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OOWSDKUFKGVADH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-diphenylphosphoryloxy-2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1OP(=O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 OOWSDKUFKGVADH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010002156 Depsipeptides Proteins 0.000 description 2
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- HPKJGHVHQWJOOT-ZJOUEHCJSA-N N-[(2S)-3-cyclohexyl-1-oxo-1-({(2S)-1-oxo-3-[(3S)-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl]propan-2-yl}amino)propan-2-yl]-1H-indole-2-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CCCC1)C[C@H](NC(=O)C=1NC2=CC=CC=C2C=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](C[C@H]1C(=O)NCC1)C=O HPKJGHVHQWJOOT-ZJOUEHCJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 2
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QPQGTZMAQRXCJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [chloro(phenyl)phosphoryl]benzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(=O)(Cl)C1=CC=CC=C1 QPQGTZMAQRXCJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000340 anti-metabolite Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940100197 antimetabolite Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002256 antimetabolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000024 caesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZIUSEGSNTOUIPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-cyanoacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC#N ZIUSEGSNTOUIPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000026030 halogenation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005658 halogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQPUONNXJVWHRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 UQPUONNXJVWHRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012258 stirred mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006257 total synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- LTVIBOLRUXBENE-MSXGYFQQSA-N (3s,10r,13e,16s)-10-[(3-chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-6,6-dimethyl-3-(2-methylpropyl)-16-[(e,2r)-4-phenylbut-3-en-2-yl]-1,4-dioxa-8,11-diazacyclohexadec-13-ene-2,5,9,12-tetrone Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC)=CC=C1C[C@@H]1C(=O)NCC(C)(C)C(=O)O[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)O[C@H]([C@H](C)\C=C\C=2C=CC=CC=2)C/C=C/C(=O)N1 LTVIBOLRUXBENE-MSXGYFQQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006527 (C1-C5) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000006701 (C1-C7) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- BNHHHFOZKNHKKX-SBSPUUFOSA-N 2,2,2-trichloroethyl (2r)-2-amino-3-(3-chloro-2-methoxyphenyl)propanoate;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.COC1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1C[C@@H](N)C(=O)OCC(Cl)(Cl)Cl BNHHHFOZKNHKKX-SBSPUUFOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSZXQEWVQORQBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethyl-3-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxycarbonylamino]propanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)NCC(C)(C)C(O)=O LSZXQEWVQORQBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OUYCCCASQSFEME-MRVPVSSYSA-N D-tyrosine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](N)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 OUYCCCASQSFEME-MRVPVSSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000029749 Microtubule Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091022875 Microtubule Proteins 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical class [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002246 antineoplastic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011260 aqueous acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L caesium carbonate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]C([O-])=O FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011210 chromatographic step Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229940127089 cytotoxic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005610 enamide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AOBMJQSOIZGTLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2,2-dimethyl-3-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxycarbonylamino]propanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)(C)CNC(=O)OC(C)(C)C AOBMJQSOIZGTLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004688 microtubule Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002940 palladium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004368 propenyl group Chemical group C(=CC)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013341 scale-up Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003548 sec-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium ethoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC[O-] QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005346 substituted cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001973 tert-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- FIQMHBFVRAXMOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphane oxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 FIQMHBFVRAXMOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D273/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups C07D261/00 - C07D271/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C229/00—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C229/02—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton
- C07C229/34—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton containing six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C229/36—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton containing six-membered aromatic rings with at least one amino group and one carboxyl group bound to the same carbon atom of the carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C235/00—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms
- C07C235/02—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C235/32—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton containing six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C235/34—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton containing six-membered aromatic rings having the nitrogen atoms of the carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C291/00—Compounds containing carbon and nitrogen and having functional groups not covered by groups C07C201/00 - C07C281/00
- C07C291/02—Compounds containing carbon and nitrogen and having functional groups not covered by groups C07C201/00 - C07C281/00 containing nitrogen-oxide bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D291/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D291/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
Definitions
- This invention relates to the fields of pharmaceutical and organic chemistry and provides novel intermediates and processes useful for the preparation of cryptophycin compounds .
- Antimetabolites have been used for a number of years as chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of cancer.
- a new class of antimetabolites, cryptophycin compounds are useful for disrupting the microtubule system and, thus, can be useful for the treatment of cancer.
- the novel processes and intermediates of this invention are important elements in providing an efficient route for preparing other cryptophycin intermediates.
- a special advantage provided is that the intermediates thus prepared have only minimal residual impurities. Ultimately, these intermediates can be linked to provide a total synthesis of cryptophycin compounds.
- a number of problems must be resolved in order to accomplish a large scale total synthesis of a complex molecule such as the cryptophycin molecule. It is difficult to obtain intervening intermediates of sufficient purity, to be able to handle the materials easily and to obtain reliable yields when processes are carried out on the scale needed to obtain the quantities of compounds needed for pharmaceutical purposes.
- novel intermediates and processes of this invention accomplish some of these goals.
- one of the processes permits removal of a protecting group to provide an intermediate that can now be isolated as a convenient white solid.
- the new coupling process results in unexpectedly greater yields and avoids what previously was an extra step of preparing a pentafluorophenyldiphenyl- phosphinic chloride coupling reagent.
- a rhodium-catalyzed process prepares a novel fragment, called Fragment C, that is useful for an alternative synthesis of cryptophycin compounds.
- Another process that is applicable to acid-and base sensitive products minimizes recrystallization and chromatography steps.
- the processes and intermediates of this invention are important advances in the synthesis of useful cryptophycin compounds. These advances include, but are not limited to, increased efficiency, decreased cost, and improved purity.
- this invention provides a novel intermediate of Formula XII
- R 6 is Cj-Ce alkyl, substituted (Cj-C 6 ) alkyl, (C 3 -C 8 ) cycloalkyl, substituted C 3 -C ⁇ cycloalkyl, a heteroaromatic or substituted heteroaromatic group, or a group of formula Ilia, Ill'or III":
- R 6a , R* 5 , and R 6c independently are H, halo or OR 18 ;
- R 15 , R 16 , and R 17 independently are hydrogen, halo, (d-
- R 18 and R 19 independently are hydrogen or C ⁇ -C 6 alkyl
- R 23 is hydrogen or (C ⁇ -C 3 ) alkyl
- Z is -(CH 2 ) n - or (C3-C5) cycloalkyl; n is 0, 1, or 2; and Z' is an aromatic or substituted aromatic group.
- this invention provides a process for preparing an intermediate of Formula XII as defined supra, comprising contacting a compound of the formula XII'
- this invention provides a new coupling process for preparing compounds of Formula XIII (known as Fragment A-B of the cryptophycins) :
- Ar is an aromatic or heteroaromatic group, or a substituted aromatic or heteroaromatic group;
- R 60 is an alcohol protecting group;
- R 3 is C ⁇ -C 6 alkyl;
- R* and R 5 are H; or
- R* and R 5 together form a second bond;
- R 6 is as defined supra; comprising contacting a compound of Formula XII as defined supra, with 1) a compound of Formula XV
- R A is d-C 6 alkyl, C ⁇ -C 6 aralkyl, or Ar; and 3) a base.
- this invention provides an improved process for preparing a compound of Formula XIII, as defined supra, comprising reacting a compound of Formula XII, as defined supra, with a compound of formula XV as defined supra, in the presence of 1) the coupling reagent diphenyl chlorophosphate [ (PhO) 2 P(0) Cl] ;and 2) an amine.
- Carboxyl activation via phosphorous based reagents is an often used method for the synthesis of amides and related compounds.
- FDPP pentafluorophenyl diphenylphosphinic chloride
- R 1 is halo, SR, OR, amino, mono or di- (Ci-C ⁇ -alkyl) amino, tri (C ⁇ -C 6 -alkyl) ammonium, C ⁇ -C 6 -alkylthio, di (C]-C 6 - alkyl) sulfoniu , C ⁇ -C 6 -alkylsulfonyl, or C ⁇ -C 6 - alkylphosphonyl; and
- R 2 is OH or SH; or R 1 and R 2 taken together form a second bond between C-18 and
- R is H, C ⁇ -C 6 alkyl, C]-C 6 alkanoyl or Ar;
- R 7 is H, C ⁇ -C 6 alkyl, C 2 -C 6 -alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 -alkynyl, benzyl, or benzyl substituted with up to three substituents independently selected from C ⁇ -C 6 -alkyl, halo, C ⁇ -C 6 -alkoxy, amino or NR 51 R 52 ; and
- R 8 is H or C ⁇ -C 6 alkyl
- R 7 and R ⁇ together form a C 3 -C ⁇ cycloalkyl ring;
- R 51 and R ⁇ 2 independently are C : -C 3 alkyl;
- R 9 is H, C ⁇ -C 6 alkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 -alkynyl or (C,-C 6 alkyl) C3-C5 cycloalkyl;
- R 10 is H or C ⁇ -Ce alkyl
- X is 0, NH or ⁇ C1-C3 alkyl )N-; and Y is C, 0, NH, S, SO, S0 2 or (C1-C3 alkyl)N-; comprising contacting 1) a compound of Formula XVI
- This invention also provides a process for preparing a compound of Formula XVII
- R' a is C ⁇ -C 6 alkyl, with a rhodium catalyst and hydrogen gas; and optionally hydrolyzing the product to obtain the compound wherein R' is hydrogen.
- this invention provides a process for preparing a compound of Formula XIX
- R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and R 10 independently are H or d-C 6 alkyl; R p is tert-butoxycarbonyl (BOC) or benzyloxycarbonyl; comprising contacting a compound of Formula XX
- this invention provides an improvement in the process for preparing a compound of formula XX by coupling a Fragment D compound of the formula:
- R 7 and R 8 are as defined supra, but provided R 7 and R 8 cannot be H, in an inert organic solvent; the improvement comprising using the coupling reagent l,l ' - carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) .
- CDI coupling reagent l,l ' - carbonyldiimidazole
- catalytic quantity refers to less than a stoichiometric amount, but an amount sufficient to achieve the desired results.
- the term is intended to have the meaning commonly understood in the art.
- alkyl refers to an alkyl group with the designated number of carbon atoms. It may be saturated or unsaturated, and branched or straight chain. "Lower alkyl” means a C 1 -C5 alkyl group. Examples of such alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, propenyl, sec-butyl, n-pentyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, sec- butyl, methyl-substituted butyl groups, pentyl, tert-pentyl, sec-pentyl, methyl-substituted pentyl groups and the like.
- Substituted alkyl refers to a C ⁇ -C 6 alkyl group that may include up to three (3) substituents containing one or more heteroatoms. Examples of such substituents are OH, NH 2 , C0NH 2 , C0 2 H, P0 3 H 2 and S0 2 R 21 wherein R 21 is hydrogen, d- C 3 alkyl or aryl .
- the term “cycloalkyl” refers to a saturated C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl group.
- a “substituted cycloalkyl group” refers to a cycloalkyl group having up to three C1-C3 alkyl, halo, or OR 21 substituents. The substituents may be attached at any available carbon atom. Cyclohexyl is an especially preferred cycloalkyl group.
- “Lower alkoxy” means a alkyl group bonded to an oxygen atom.
- allyl means a 2-propenyl group.
- allyl scavenger is commonly understood in the art. Preferred allyl scavengers are pyrrolidine, piperidine, morpholine, and 1, 3-dicarbonyl compounds. An especially preferred allyl scavenger is morpholine.
- halo refers to Cl, Br, F, or I .
- aromatic group and “heteroaromatic group” refer to common aromatic rings having 4n + 2 pi electrons in a monocyclic or bicyclic conjugated system.
- aryl refers to an aromatic group
- aralkyl refers to an aryl (C ⁇ -C c -alkyl) group. Examples of aromatic groups are phenyl, benzyl and naphthyl.
- Heteroaromatic groups will contain one or more oxygen, nitrogen and/or sulfur atoms in the ring. Examples of heteroaromatic groups include furyl, pyrrolyl, thienyl, pyridyl and the like.
- aromatic or heteroaromatic groups When the aromatic or heteroaromatic groups are substituted, they may have from one to three independently selected C1-C7 alkyl, C ⁇ -C&-alkoxy or halo substituents.
- the substituents may be attached at any available carbon atom.
- Especially preferred heterocyclic groups are
- amino protecting group refers to a standard amino protecting group that is either acid labile or can be removed under mildly basic to neutral conditions. Such groups are well known in the art. [See, for example, J.F. . McOmie, "Protective Groups in Organic Chemistry", Plenum Press, (London and New York, 1973); Greene, T.W.
- Peferred amino protecting groups are acid labile.
- An especially preferred amino protecting group for compounds of Formula XVII is tert-butoxycarbonyl ("BOC") .
- BOC tert-butoxycarbonyl
- the R 6 substituent in a Formula I compound contains an amino substituent, it must be protected using an amino protecting group.
- alcohol protecting group is one that is introduced during a portion of the synthetic process to protect an alcohol group that might otherwise react in the course of chemical manipulations. The group is then removed at a later stage of the synthesis. Reactions for the formation and removal of such protecting groups are described in a number of standard works, including the two references listed supra.
- a particularly useful alcohol protecting group is tert-butyldimethylsilyl (TBS) .
- TBS tert-butyldimethylsilyl
- the processes of this invention are preferably carried out in the presence of a solvent. Selection of an appropriate solvent is commonly understood in the art.
- An inert organic solvent such as N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) , ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, toluene or acetonitrile, or a mixture thereof, is recommended.
- Epoxide ring means a three-membered ring whose backbone consists of two carbon and one oxygen atoms.
- Aziridine ring means a three-membered ring whose backbone consists of two carbon and one nitrogen atoms.
- Episulfide ring refers to a three-membered ring whose backbone consists of two carbon and one sulfur atoms.
- halogenation examples include the addition of hydrogen halides, free radical halogenation, etc. Such methods are known in the art.
- strong acid refers to an acid that has a pKa of 2 or less.
- a hydrohalic acid is most suitable.
- a preferred hydrohalic acid is hydrochloric acid.
- Other mineral acids, such as phosphoric and sulfuric, and organic acids, such as tosic and acetic, may also be used.
- base has its accepted meaning.
- a base is a compound that yields hydroxyl ions in water or the negative ion of a solvent; or a base is any molecule or ion that can combine with protons or hydrogen ions, i.e. a proton acceptor.
- the term includes, but is not limited to, N,N-diisopropylethylamine, carbonates, and other tertiary amines.
- TBS refers to a tert-butyldimethylsilyl group.
- Equations 2 and 3 are applicable to corresponding intermediates having various Ar, R 60 , and R 6 groups.
- N-diisopropylethylamine are the illustrated solvent-base used in equations 2 and 3, and in that of equation 4 infra, any nonparticipating solvent or solvent combination-base will be appropriate for the processes.
- Typical solvents include ethers, halogenated hydrocarbons, and esters.
- Typical bases include tertiary amines and carbonates. An especially preferred base for these processes is diisopropylethylamine .
- An especially preferred solvent for the process of eq. 4 is DMF. This process is especially useful because it provides improved yields. In addition, it makes it possible to use Ph 2 P(0)Cl, which is commercially available, to complete the macrolactamization.
- Compound 8a is a known compound. It has been prepared by the reaction of ethyl cyanoacetate with methyl iodide in the presence of sodium ethoxide, a, and sodium hydride.
- c [a) Hessler, J.C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1913, 35, 990. b)
- hydrolysis conditions for preparing Compound 10 from Compound 9a can be readily determined.
- Especially preferred hydrolysis agents are LiOH and NaOH.
- Equation 7 The new allyl ester deprotection process is illustrated by Equation 7:
- R , R , R 9 and R 10 have the meanings defined supra.
- the Pd(PPh 3 ), catalyst should be present in an amount less than about four (4) mole percent.
- the amount of Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 catalyst is less than two mole percent (2 %) . It is especially preferred that the amount of Pd(PPh 3 ), catalyst is about two tenths mole percent (0.2%) or less. In addition, using less catalyst provides a significant cost advantage.
- Equation 7 process is when R 9 is isobutyl, and R 10 is hydrogen.
- An especially preferred allyl scavenger is morpholine.
- Preferred solvents for the process of Equation 7 are tetrahydrofuran, acetone, alcohols, acetonitrile, and ethyl acetate.
- An especially preferred solvent is tetrahydrofuran .
- the use of the allyl ester as a protecting group for carboxylic acids is well known and has been the subject of reviews. Kocienski, P. J. Protecting Groups; Georg Thieme Verlag: Stuttgart, 1994; pp 139-154; Greene, T. W.; Wuts, P. G. M.
- Procedures A and B illustrate the isolation advantage of the new process over the prior art process:
- PROCEDURE A (Barrowl) :
- PROCEDURE B (new process) :
- Table 1 illustrates the yield advantage provided by the new process.
- Equation 7 can be run at a temperature of from about zero (0) to about seventy (70) degrees C.
- a preferred temperature is about 25°C.
- the necessary reaction time is related to the starting materials and operating temperature.
- the optimum reaction time for a given process is, as always, a compromise which is determined by considering the competing goals of throughput, which is favored by short reaction times, and maximum yield, which is favored by long reaction times.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Nitrogen And Oxygen As The Only Ring Hetero Atoms (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US2552196P | 1996-09-06 | 1996-09-06 | |
| US25521P | 1996-09-06 | ||
| PCT/US1997/015703 WO1998009955A1 (fr) | 1996-09-06 | 1997-09-05 | Procede et nouveaux intermediaires |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0929535A1 true EP0929535A1 (fr) | 1999-07-21 |
| EP0929535A4 EP0929535A4 (fr) | 2001-05-23 |
Family
ID=21826566
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97941446A Withdrawn EP0929535A4 (fr) | 1996-09-06 | 1997-09-05 | Procede et nouveaux intermediaires |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0929535A4 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2001502298A (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU4335297A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2263764A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1998009955A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2000034252A2 (fr) * | 1998-12-07 | 2000-06-15 | Eli Lilly And Company | Procede de crotylboration permettant de produire des composes de cryptophycine |
| EP1229934B1 (fr) | 1999-10-01 | 2014-03-05 | Immunogen, Inc. | Compositions et methodes de traitement du cancer utilisant des immunoconjugues et des agents chimiotherapeutiques |
| CA2475567A1 (fr) | 2002-02-07 | 2003-08-14 | Covalent Partners, Llc | Compositions pour nanofilms et membrane |
| CN102448927A (zh) * | 2009-04-01 | 2012-05-09 | 力奇制药公司 | 活性亚甲基基团的二甲基化的方法 |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3567834A (en) * | 1969-06-16 | 1971-03-02 | Bristol Myers Co | Method of producing sedation |
| US4739120A (en) * | 1986-08-21 | 1988-04-19 | The Dow Chemical Company | Process for the hydrogenation of nitriles to primary amines |
| DE3904119A1 (de) * | 1989-02-11 | 1990-08-16 | Hoechst Ag | Polymerfixiertes methotrexat, verfahren zur herstellung und verwendung |
| IT1239029B (it) * | 1989-10-12 | 1993-09-20 | Poli Ind Chimica Spa | Processo per la preparazione dell'acido 3-(l-piroglutamil)-l- tiazolidin-4-carbossilico e suoi derivati. |
| EP0518295A3 (en) * | 1991-06-14 | 1993-09-01 | Millipore Corporation | Allyl side chain protection in peptide synthesis |
| EP0735819B1 (fr) * | 1993-12-21 | 2001-07-11 | University Of Hawaii | cryptophycines |
| BR9408458A (pt) * | 1993-12-28 | 1997-08-05 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Catalisador de hidrogenação e processos de preparação do mesmo e de hidrogenação de nitrilas em aminas |
| GEP20002206B (en) * | 1995-03-07 | 2000-08-25 | Wane State Univ | Cryptophycins, Method for its Production, Pharmaceutical Composition on Their basis and Use |
| ATE201018T1 (de) * | 1996-02-27 | 2001-05-15 | Lilly Co Eli | Cryptophycinderivate und ihre verwendung als antimikrotubuli mittel |
-
1997
- 1997-09-05 EP EP97941446A patent/EP0929535A4/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-09-05 CA CA002263764A patent/CA2263764A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1997-09-05 WO PCT/US1997/015703 patent/WO1998009955A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 1997-09-05 JP JP10512955A patent/JP2001502298A/ja active Pending
- 1997-09-05 AU AU43352/97A patent/AU4335297A/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1998009955A1 (fr) | 1998-03-12 |
| JP2001502298A (ja) | 2001-02-20 |
| AU4335297A (en) | 1998-03-26 |
| EP0929535A4 (fr) | 2001-05-23 |
| CA2263764A1 (fr) | 1998-03-12 |
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