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EP0929490A1 - Dispositif de decharge pour un silo, en particulier egalement pour materiau en vrac coulant - Google Patents

Dispositif de decharge pour un silo, en particulier egalement pour materiau en vrac coulant

Info

Publication number
EP0929490A1
EP0929490A1 EP97911124A EP97911124A EP0929490A1 EP 0929490 A1 EP0929490 A1 EP 0929490A1 EP 97911124 A EP97911124 A EP 97911124A EP 97911124 A EP97911124 A EP 97911124A EP 0929490 A1 EP0929490 A1 EP 0929490A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
silo
cassette
discharge
elements
bulk material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97911124A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Eckhard Lorenz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0929490A1 publication Critical patent/EP0929490A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G65/00—Loading or unloading
    • B65G65/30—Methods or devices for filling or emptying bunkers, hoppers, tanks, or like containers, of interest apart from their use in particular chemical or physical processes or their application in particular machines, e.g. not covered by a single other subclass
    • B65G65/34—Emptying devices
    • B65G65/40—Devices for emptying otherwise than from the top
    • B65G65/44—Devices for emptying otherwise than from the top using reciprocating conveyors, e.g. jigging conveyors

Definitions

  • Discharge device for a silo, especially also for flowable bulk goods
  • the invention relates to a discharge device for a silo, in particular also for flowable ones
  • Bulk material with one or more discharge openings in a lower silo boundary to be formed, which are assigned drivers which can be displaced in a straight line on the silo boundary and point towards the bulk material for transporting the bulk material into the discharge openings.
  • silos In order to ensure trouble-free storage and bulk material discharge, which usually takes place at the lower section of an upright silo, silos have steep wall slopes, so that all bulk material in the
  • Silo is in motion during bulk discharge. This requires that the discharge opening be large enough to avoid bridges and manholes. A dosed discharge of the bulk material is desirable.
  • Known discharge devices therefore include the entire lower silo boundary and a wide variety of discharge elements, which are intended to prevent strength problems in the bulk material that generally occur.
  • a corresponding discharge device is known from EP 0 434 995 B1.
  • a metered and controlled discharge is then to be ensured by a silo with a discharge device in which the silo bottom has a large number of discharge openings is provided, which are of such a size that the largest possible bulk material particles can pass through, but in the idle state bridges are formed above the discharge openings, which should then prevent discharge.
  • a driving device covers the entire surface of the silo floor. The distances between the drivers and the discharge openings should be so small that there is no noticeable compression of the bulk material by the driver device.
  • the discharge openings can be reduced in size by means of adjustable slides which are arranged below the silo floor. A belt or screw conveyor located underneath then conveys the discharged bulk material.
  • This known discharge device is extremely complex, since the elements supporting the bulk material, such as, for example, the slides, must be designed to be movable and carry a load of many tons. This means that the entire lower silo boundary must be specially designed for this discharge device and fails completely in the case of flowable bulk materials, since such bulk material does not form closure bridges above the discharge openings and therefore the discharge openings cannot be closed.
  • This known discharge device cannot satisfactorily achieve the object of the present invention.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a discharge device for a silo, in particular also for flowable bulk material, which enables the most uniform and meterable discharge possible without any noticeable compression of the bulk material, and integrates an existing load-bearing lower silo boundary and can be retrofitted.
  • the silo has spaced parallel supports and the distance between two supports forms one or more slot-like discharge openings, which each repeats an associated carrier designed as a cassette element and covers fully and / or partially.
  • the supports which are always present and support the silo bottom, can form the basic elements of a discharge device according to the invention if their spacings from one another are used as discharge openings, which are either fully or in some cases, depending on the desired delivery volume, they can be closed or released by moving back and forth.
  • the drivers also serve to shut off and make gate valves used in the prior art superfluous.
  • the possibility of retrofitting is also particularly advantageous in the discharge device according to the invention, since the construction of the silo itself does not need to be changed. There is no such possibility in the prior art.
  • each cassette element has a rectangular base area, with a slightly larger extension in the direction of movement than the distance between two supports and an approximately twice as wide width and edge elements angled at right angles to the supports having.
  • Each cassette element is thus able to completely bridge the distance between two carriers and to be supported on both carriers in order to introduce the weight load of the bulk material into the carriers. This ensures a complete and secure closure of each opening, even with flowable bulk goods.
  • the width of a cassette element approximately twice the length of the longitudinal extension has been found to be advantageous, as has the angled edge elements, which on the one hand give stability to the cassette elements and on the other hand serve as thrust surfaces in the longitudinal direction.
  • the cassette elements designed in this way are thus extremely robust, simple in construction and inexpensive to manufacture.
  • the narrow sides of a cassette element are fixedly connected to a respective guide rail which moves a hydraulic drive through a lateral silo wall and that in the case of several cassette elements per hydraulic drive, these are arranged at a distance from one another between the same guide rails.
  • This control of the cassette elements by means of two guide rails reliably prevents them from tilting during the discharge.
  • the maximum extent and also the number of cassette elements can be individually adapted to the dimensions of the silo.
  • a plurality of cassette elements are thus arranged at a distance from one another between the supports between the guide rails, which are then moved by at least one hydraulic drive.
  • the hydraulic drive can be arranged pulling and / or pushing outside the silo and is therefore not special Exposed to pollution and easily accessible.
  • each slot-shaped projection opening corresponds approximately to twice the distance of the cassette elements from one another, which at the same time determines its greatest possible longitudinal extent. From this it follows that the largest possible exit cross section between the beams can be used.
  • the guide rails are laterally associated with guide walls which support guide elements which are connected to one another in the shortest possible way by way of bridges which are arranged in the pushing direction and which are arranged in a bridge-like manner in the pushing direction. It is particularly advantageous in this embodiment that the movable, ie displaceable, guide rails with associated cassette elements are mounted extremely robustly between the guide walls. Cassette elements arranged next to one another cannot therefore get caught in one another.
  • Wipers that are securely mounted in the guide walls via the guide elements perform two functions.
  • the cassette elements are pushed back and forth through the slots formed, the wipers on the one hand completely wiping off bulk material on the cassette elements, which then reaches the nearest discharge opening, that is, between the carriers.
  • the wipers prevent the cassette element from pushing upwards, so to speak, when the cassette element is pushed, so that it bulges upwards.
  • the movement of the cassette elements in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the guide rails takes place over a maximum distance which corresponds to the distance between two carriers and a control ensures each intermediate size of this maximum stroke in the form of a reciprocating movement. In this way, simply by controlling the hydraulic drive, that is to say extremely simply, metering of the bulk material to be discharged can be accomplished.
  • the scraper is formed from an angular profile, the angle of which faces the bulk material and is arranged above each carrier in such a way that it completely strips off bulk material deposited on a cassette element with a maximum movement process.
  • the wipers have inclined flanks which are inclined in the direction of thrust towards the cassette elements. Their positioning and dimensions are chosen such that a cassette element is completely cleared at maximum movement. This is particularly advantageous even when the silo is completely emptied. Since the wipers also taper to the top, no bulk material can be deposited on them.
  • the feedthroughs of the silo wall for the guide rails are designed in such a way that, when the discharge openings are fully open, they accommodate most of a cassette element, the corresponding wiper only having an inclined flank facing the interior of the silo, and that this silo wall is furthest spaced cassette element then ends on a support that in a distance from the opposite silo wall is arranged, which corresponds to the distance between two carriers.
  • Carriers are used, each having carrier end plates facing the bulk material, which are bevelled on the side.
  • support end plates are provided on it, which are bevelled on the side to prevent tilting when a locking element engages .
  • a discharge device according to the invention with only one cassette element is conceivable, a discharge device according to the invention can also be constructed modularly from a plurality of rows with any number of cassette elements, as a result of which simple adaptation to virtually any silo cross section is possible. A retrofittable and modularly expandable discharge device is thus available.
  • the corresponding hydraulic drive assigned to each row with cassette elements is assigned a corresponding, oppositely operating hydraulic drive in order to always ensure a tensile load on the guide rails in both directions of movement. In this way, the case of the shear load on the guide rails, with the risk of bulging them in the direction of the bulk material, is excluded.
  • the passage through the silo wall is also limited to the guide rails for the further hydraulic drive.
  • the discharge openings in the area below the cassette elements have coarse or delicate grids. This in the simplest way prevents objects from being carried out which could damage a subsequent removal device. The objects can be removed by simply dismantling the grille. The silo therefore does not have to be completely emptied.
  • the silo cross section in the section directly adjoining the lower silo boundary is predetermined by the rectangular shape of the one or more rows with cassette elements and has any cross section in the sections above it.
  • the silo cross-section only depends on the discharge device in the lower area in order to ensure its functioning. Above this lower area, the cross section can then be designed as desired.
  • one or more V-shaped or vertical discharge channels run beneath the carrier, each of which has a worm conveyor in the lowest direction in the direction of movement of the cassette elements.
  • a plurality of discharge channels up to one for each row or carrier space are provided for poorly flowing bulk material or low vertical height below the silo boundary for steep channel walls.
  • a discharge channel can then be provided for each row.
  • it can also be arranged orthogonally to it in such a way that it runs in the region of the space between two carriers in its orientation. The maximum upper opening of a discharge channel arranged in this way then corresponds only to the distance between two supports and enables even steeper channel walls up to vertical alignment.
  • the channel walls each lead tangentially or through a shoulder on one or both sides into the transition area to the screw conveyor.
  • the effective circumferential surface of the screw conveyor can be increased.
  • the cassette elements are controlled as a function of the screw conveyor in such a way that intermediate storage of bulk material in the discharge channels is ensured. This temporary storage will
  • the screw conveyors have at least one outer and / or central outlet along and / or orthogonal to their stroke direction. This allows an adaptation to the given space conditions.
  • the channel walls form a closed unit with the silo in a dust-tight manner and against weather influences. In this way, environmental influences are excluded.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic partially sectioned
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic plan view of a discharge device from a row with cassette elements and one-sided hydraulic drive
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic side view of FIG. 2
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic section along line AA in FIG. 3
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic illustration of a cutout tes D in Fig. 3
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic plan view of a row with cassette elements without guide walls and wipers
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic side view of Fig. 6 with different carriers
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic cross section of different arrangements of discharge channels.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic, partially sectioned top view of a discharge device 10 according to the invention, in particular a lower silo delimitation 11 with a plurality of opened discharge openings 12, which run from left to right in the conveying direction according to arrow C in FIG. 1 and of four rows 15 arranged one above the other Cassette elements 13 are formed.
  • the cassette elements 13 are arranged at a distance 14 from one another in rows (15).
  • the rows 15 run at right angles to parallel and at a distance from one another in FIG. 1 not visible carriers 16 which run below the visible cassette elements 13.
  • the silo 17 shown in FIG. 1 is determined by the dimensions and the cross section of the four rows 15 with cassette elements 13 arranged parallel to one another. In this area, the silo 17 essentially has a rectangular cross section, which above the discharge device 10, that is to say to the viewer, can also assume any cross section, for example a circular cross section according to line 18. You can see them
  • Discharge openings 12 are partially provided with grids 19.
  • the grids 19 are arranged between the carriers 16 and, as the grids 19 partially shown by way of example show, can be of different finishes or coarser.
  • the grids 19 are mainly used to protect a downstream discharge device against accidentally existing in the bulk material and by
  • Discharge device 10 objects reaching the discharge device and for sieving clumped bulk material. Of course, all discharge openings 12 are to be provided with them if necessary.
  • the silo 17 thus conceived is a standard silo which has an upper storage body with a lower silo boundary 11 made of spaced-apart supports 16 which take up the weight load of the bulk material.
  • the discharge device 10 according to the invention is therefore particularly suitable for retrofitting such standard silos, since it evidently uses the existing carriers 16 in an inferior manner. This is done in that the rows 15 are shifted via hydraulic drives 20, not shown, in such a way that the cassette elements 13 convey bulk material into the discharge openings 12 and completely but partially close them, and this process is repeated.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic plan view of a discharge device 10 comprising only one row 15 with cassette elements 13 and a hydraulic drive 20 arranged on one side.
  • the hydraulic drive 20 is arranged on the left in FIG. 2 and outside of a silo wall 21. net, which has openings for two guide rails 22 per row 15 and for a cassette element 13.
  • the opposite silo wall 21 shown in FIG. 2 has no through openings, since the hydraulic drive 20 shown has a back and forth
  • Movement of the guide rails 22 according to arrow C allows.
  • a further hydraulic drive 20 is assigned opposite the hydraulic drive 20 in order to move the guide rails 22 with a tensile force in each direction of movement C, so that, for example, buckling of the guide rails is excluded.
  • at least two through openings for the guide rails 22 must be provided in the right-hand silo wall 21 in FIG. 2.
  • Silo walls 21, guide walls 23 are arranged above the supports on both sides of the guide rails 22, in which guide elements 24 extend longitudinally and for guiding the guide rails 22, which are connected by means of several scrapers 25.
  • the wipers 25 connect the guide elements 24 by the shortest route in the area of the carriers 16.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic side view of the Fig. 2.
  • the silo walls 21 and the other objects to be recognized and described in FIGS. 1 and 2, to the description of which reference is made the carriers 16 and their interaction with the cassette elements 13 and scrapers 25 to recognize.
  • the distance 14 between two cassette elements 13 is namely chosen to be somewhat smaller than the distance between two carriers 16. This is so that when the discharge openings 12 are completely closed by the
  • Cassette elements 13 a safe introduction of the weight of the bulk material into the carrier 16.
  • the cassette elements 13 advantageously have a double width of this distance 14.
  • the previously described positioning of the wipers 25 is now such that they run as close as possible to the edge of a discharge opening 12 and have a certain width above the carrier.
  • the wipers 25 are advantageously formed from an angular profile, the tip of which points towards the bulk material, so that its symmetrical flanks run obliquely to the conveying direction C and are therefore particularly suitable for wiping bulk material.
  • the left-hand silo wall 21 in FIG. 3 almost completely accommodates a cassette element 13 which only projects slightly into the interior of the silo. This area is provided with a half scraper 25, which has only one flank, in order to avoid effects on the bulk material during discharge.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic section along the line AA in FIG. 3.
  • the slot formed from a carrier 16, the guide elements 24 and the wiper 25 has been described above, which is shown here in FIG. 4 is clearly recognizable.
  • the guide elements 24 are evidently anchored in the guide walls 23, for example encapsulated therein with reinforcing bars.
  • the wipers 25 can be welded to the guide elements 24.
  • the cassette elements 13 have edge elements 27 angled at right angles to the supports 16 on all four sides, two of which are used for screwing to the guide rails 22 and the edge elements 27 pointing in the conveying direction form thrust surfaces 28.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic illustration of a detail D in FIG. 3.
  • the silo wall 21 is advantageously held in a steel structure.
  • the bushings therein are designed in the manner of a slot, so that a single slot for a cassette element 13 including guide rails 22 is provided, which slot is then connected to a hydraulic drive 20.
  • Scraper 25 is designed as an oblique plate and ends in the region of the first discharge opening 12.
  • Carrier end plates 29, which are arranged above the carrier 16, are clearly visible.
  • the end plates 29 are slightly wider than the carrier 16 and ensure, regardless of different carriers 16, an exact adherence to the above-mentioned distances. This is particularly important when retrofitting existing silo systems.
  • the end plates 29 are in the conveying direction C to
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic plan view of a row 15 with cassette elements 13 without guide walls 23 and wipers 25, similar to FIG. 2, to the description of which reference is made.
  • the guide rails 12 can actually be seen and the hatched, actually formed discharge openings 22, of which the one on the far right in FIG. 6 is the largest, since the guide rails 22 are omitted there and a larger width is available stands and at the same time the corresponding last cassette element 13, as can be seen from FIG. 3, does not protrude beyond the carrier edge, so that the greatest possible carrier spacing can also be used. This changes with a double hydraulic drive.
  • FIG. 7 shows various beams in a schematic side view of FIG. 6.
  • a double T-beam in a lying shape is preferred as beam 16 because of the particularly low overall height, such a beam can of course also be used standing.
  • the fourth beam 16 from the right, shown in FIG. 7, is a horizontal and the fifth a vertical double-T beam.
  • any form of support for example made of reinforced concrete, can also be used, as it is shown hatched.
  • the end plate 29 is arranged on them.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic cross section of various arrangements of discharge channels 30, which are arranged below the silo delimitation 11.
  • a single symmetrical conveying channel 30 with a screw conveyor 31 conveying in the conveying direction C or another conveyor, e.g. B. conveyor belt, trough chain conveyor, etc. provided and, for example, four rows 15 assigned.
  • the channel walls 32 are then relatively flat despite the great height. To avoid this, deeper channels can be used if possible. If this is not possible, then steeper walls can be made possible by using two channels 30, which are then each assigned to two rows 15. Here, too, changes in height lead to channel walls 32 of different steepness.
  • the channel walls 32 can open into the transition region to the screw conveyor 31 either tangentially or through a shoulder 33 on one or both sides. As a result, the effective circumferential area for the screw conveyor 31 can be increased in the case of not so steep channel walls.
  • the control not shown, of an electrical and / or pneumatic type, moves the guide rails 22 and thus the discharge cassette elements 13 above the discharge openings 12 predetermined stroke back and forth, so that metered bulk material is discharged in the desired amount. This can even take place depending on the screw conveyor 31 in such a way that intermediate storage of bulk material in the discharge channels 30 is possible in portions.
  • the discharge channels are also used to hold a certain amount of bulk goods if metered discharge is necessary.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de décharge (10) pour un silo (17), en particulier également pour un matériau en vrac coulant, présentant une ou plusieurs ouvertures de décharge (12) dans un élément de délimitation inférieure de silo (11) à former, auxquelles sont associés des entraîneurs qui font face au matériau en vrac et coulissent en ligne droite sur ledit élément de délimitation de silo (11), pour permettre l'amenée du matériau en vrac dans les ouvertures de décharge (12). L'élément de délimitation de silo (11) comporte des supports (16) parallèles, espacés les uns des autres, l'espace compris entre deux supports (16) formant une ou plusieurs ouvertures de décharge (12) en forme de fente, un entraîneur en forme de caisson (13) étant associé à chacune de ces ouvertures qu'il recouvre complètement et/ou partiellement de façon répétée et prédéterminable. Des canaux d'évacuation associés aux ouvertures de décharge (12) et pourvus d'un convoyeur à vis (31) constituent, avec le silo (17), une unité fermée et permettent d'obtenir une décharge dosée. Les convoyeurs à vis (31) transportent le matériau parallèlement ou perpendiculairement au sens de déplacement des entraîneurs, peuvent présenter des ouvertures de sortie centrales et extérieures et être montés directement en dessous de l'élément de délimitation de silo (11).
EP97911124A 1996-10-04 1997-10-01 Dispositif de decharge pour un silo, en particulier egalement pour materiau en vrac coulant Withdrawn EP0929490A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19640933 1996-10-04
DE1996140933 DE19640933A1 (de) 1996-10-04 1996-10-04 Austragsvorrichtung für einen Silo, insbesondere auch für fließfähiges Schüttgut
PCT/DE1997/002260 WO1998015484A1 (fr) 1996-10-04 1997-10-01 Dispositif de decharge pour un silo, en particulier egalement pour materiau en vrac coulant

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0929490A1 true EP0929490A1 (fr) 1999-07-21

Family

ID=7807851

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97911124A Withdrawn EP0929490A1 (fr) 1996-10-04 1997-10-01 Dispositif de decharge pour un silo, en particulier egalement pour materiau en vrac coulant

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0929490A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE19640933A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998015484A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2374864A (en) * 2001-04-24 2002-10-30 Terence Albert White Hopper outlet valve
CZ303915B6 (cs) * 2006-05-02 2013-06-26 Výzkumný ústav zemedelské techniky, v.v.i. Uzáver výpusti vezového zásobníku sypkých látek
CN107879130A (zh) * 2017-12-22 2018-04-06 河南中农福安农业装备有限公司 一种往复式排粮小车

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE971058C (de) * 1951-07-28 1958-12-04 Basf Ag Vorrichtung zum gleichmaessigen Austragen von feinkoernigem Schuettgut
FR1101576A (fr) * 1953-07-02 1955-10-07 Carl Haver & Ed Boecker Fermeture vibratoire pour silos
DE1169843B (de) * 1960-12-17 1964-05-06 Miag Muehlenbau & Ind Gmbh Einrichtung zum Absaugen von Staubgut aus Silozellen
NL8001647A (nl) * 1980-03-20 1981-10-16 Alfra Weegwerktuigen Roosterschuif.
FR2625988B1 (fr) * 1988-01-19 1993-01-15 Rat Maurice Extracteur a raclettes avec dispositif permettant d'extraire d'un silo a fond plat des produits solides fragmentes
DE3942558A1 (de) * 1989-12-22 1991-06-27 Schwedes Joerg Silo mit einer austragvorrichtung
US5741106A (en) * 1995-03-31 1998-04-21 Seabulk Systems Inc. Materials handling system
DE29617224U1 (de) * 1996-10-04 1996-11-21 Lorenz, Eckhard, 29614 Soltau Austragsvorrichtung für einen Silo, insbesondere auch für fließfähiges Schüttgut

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9815484A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1998015484A1 (fr) 1998-04-16
DE19640933A1 (de) 1998-04-09

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