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EP0900672B1 - Procédé pour peindre des objects divers utilisant des peintures en poudre, produits obtenus par ce procédé et appareil associé - Google Patents

Procédé pour peindre des objects divers utilisant des peintures en poudre, produits obtenus par ce procédé et appareil associé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0900672B1
EP0900672B1 EP98114770A EP98114770A EP0900672B1 EP 0900672 B1 EP0900672 B1 EP 0900672B1 EP 98114770 A EP98114770 A EP 98114770A EP 98114770 A EP98114770 A EP 98114770A EP 0900672 B1 EP0900672 B1 EP 0900672B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
powder
paint
peening
process according
beads
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98114770A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0900672A3 (fr
EP0900672A2 (fr
Inventor
Silvio Pozzoli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ITALFINISH S.R.L.
Original Assignee
ITALFINISH Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ITALFINISH Srl filed Critical ITALFINISH Srl
Publication of EP0900672A2 publication Critical patent/EP0900672A2/fr
Publication of EP0900672A3 publication Critical patent/EP0900672A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0900672B1 publication Critical patent/EP0900672B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
    • B05D1/12—Applying particulate materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • B05D5/06—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects
    • B05D5/061—Special surface effect
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44D—PAINTING OR ARTISTIC DRAWING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PRESERVING PAINTINGS; SURFACE TREATMENT TO OBTAIN SPECIAL ARTISTIC SURFACE EFFECTS OR FINISHES
    • B44D2/00—Special techniques in artistic painting or drawing, e.g. oil painting, water painting, pastel painting, relief painting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44D—PAINTING OR ARTISTIC DRAWING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PRESERVING PAINTINGS; SURFACE TREATMENT TO OBTAIN SPECIAL ARTISTIC SURFACE EFFECTS OR FINISHES
    • B44D3/00—Accessories or implements for use in connection with painting or artistic drawing, not otherwise provided for; Methods or devices for colour determination, selection, or synthesis, e.g. use of colour tables

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for painting with powder paints various objects and artefacts, made of materials either conductive or non conductive, such as metal, glass, ceramic and like materials.
  • the invention also relates to the so obtained painted products and the apparatus for carrying out said process.
  • powder paints are produced by mixing the semi-fluid state resins in a one or double-screw extruder together with hardeners, pigments and the most suitable additives.
  • the scales are ground by a mechanical system (for instance, a pin type mill) until a powder is obtained having a controlled particle size.
  • a mechanical system for instance, a pin type mill
  • the average particle size of the powders obtained by the aforesaid process is usually comprised between 10 and 100 ⁇ (preferably, between 40 and 80 ⁇ ), as greater or smaller size powder particles may create severe application problems that cause the application process to be not economical.
  • thermoplastic or thermosetting powder paints takes place by an electrostatic process or by pre-heating the object.
  • Electrostatic painting takes place by electrically charging the powder particles by means of the electric field generated by an electrode and a high-voltage generator, or by triboelectricity due to the rubbing of the powder particles on surfaces of suitable materials.
  • the object to be painted must be a good earthen conductor; in this case, the electrostatically charged powder particles adhere to the object to be painted, coating it uniformly until the deposited layer prevents a further deposition by electrically insulating the object.
  • Another commonly used system is heat-painting which takes place by pre-heating the object to be painted to a temperature sufficiently high to allow the start of the melting of the powder paint.
  • powder paints having an average particle size of about 40-80 ⁇ , and controllable paint thicknesses of about 50-60 ⁇ in the case of electrostatic system or higher than 100 ⁇ , up to some hundred microns in the case of heat-painting.
  • a final firing is usually provided, for instance with hot air for fixed times (180-200°C for 20 min), to stabilise the finishing following the resin cross-linking with hardeners in the case of thermosetting powders.
  • thermoplastic powders instead, for thermoplastic powders, a firing temperature proportional to the melting point of the thermoplastic resin used is necessary.
  • GB-A-2 194 178 which consists in bombarding with an air gun, on smooth plastic materials or ceramics, a mixture of dry powder paint and of fine abrasive material, such as aluminium oxide powder.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a powder painting process allowing to obtain paint layers of any desired thickness, from thicknesses lower than 10 ⁇ to some hundred microns, homogeneous and with a perfectly controlled final thickness, and allowing also to realise multilayer coatings and/or mixed coatings.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide objects or artefacts powder painted to low paint thicknesses, even lower than 10 ⁇ , but coating completely and without solution of continuity the surface to be painted.
  • Another object is to provide an apparatus allowing to carry out such process.
  • said paint powder is intimately pre-mixed with said peening powder material and the so obtained mixture is projected against the surface to be painted by compressed air, centrifugal rotors or the like.
  • the compressed air used is dry, separated from oil, and at a pressure comprised between 1 and 50 atm, preferably between 6 and 10 atm.
  • said peening material has substantially the shape of beads having a diameter comprised between 10 ⁇ and 500 ⁇ , preferably between 100 ⁇ and 200 ⁇ , and a specific weight greater than the specific weight of the particles of the paint powder to be applied to the surface to be painted.
  • Said peening powder material is constituted by beads preferably from glass, steel, bronze or other materials known and utilisable to carry out peening, according to the type of powder paint used and/or the material which the artefact to be painted is made from.
  • the powder paint to be applied has a specific weight lower than 2,45 and a particle size comprised between 1 and 300 ⁇ , preferably between 10 ⁇ and 100 ⁇ ;
  • the peening particles are substantially spherical, made from glass, and have a specific weight higher than 2,45 and a harness of at least 5,5 Mohs and a diameter comprised between 10 ⁇ and 500 ⁇ , preferably between 100 ⁇ and 200 ⁇ .
  • the particles may be also from metal or other materials, provided they have a specific weight higher than that of the powder to be applied, for instance alloy steel with a specific weight higher than 5,585 and a diameter comprised between 10 ⁇ and 500 ⁇ , preferably between 100 ⁇ and 200 ⁇ .
  • the weight ratio between said paint powder and said peening material in said mixture is comprised between 1:100 and 50:100, preferably between 5:100 and 30:100.
  • the powder overspray and said peening material are suitably collected, separated from one another by screening, ventilation or the like, and re-used in said application step.
  • a further surface pre-treatment step consisting in a chemical conversion according to known means or anodic oxidation may be advantageously introduced between said surface preparation step and said powder paint layer application step.
  • the powder particles are adhered to the support by mechanically supplied energy.
  • the powder particles are squashed on the surface to be coated while being at the same time partly melt by the heat generated by the impact.
  • any type of powder paint may be used by the process according to the invention to produce coatings ready for firing, with thicknesses ranging from a few microns to hundreds microns.
  • the powder yield may reach 90-95%, while treatment times may range from a few seconds to some minutes.
  • a particular characteristic of the process is the possibility of realising multilayer coatings or homogeneous coatings starting from powder mixtures.
  • thermosetting and thermoplastic powders may be sequentially used for multilayer coatings or in admixture for mixed coatings.
  • the co-deposition coatings are acquiring an always increasing acceptance as they may be easily adapted to the most different problems of protection against corrosion, modification of surface properties or also only to ensure a better adhesion to a finishing coat.
  • the process according to the invention can be adapted to the continuous treatment of either long objects such as tubes or extruded products or flat surfaces such as sheets and coils.
  • the process may be used for metal parts from iron, cast iron, brass or aluminium, in the form of cast, extruded or laminated objects.
  • oil-, grease or oxide-dirt parts are cleaned before the pre-treatment with organic solvents, alkaline degreasers, mechanical brushing or sandblasting.
  • the shape and composition of the peening material affects both the effectiveness of the process and the quality of the coating and its cost.
  • the particles of said material are generally spherical, as they ensure in this manner a better spreading effect of the paint powder on the surfaces to be painted, have a better resistance to impact and therefore a longer average life.
  • the sizes of holes, cavities and internal radiuses of the parts to be treated determine the shape and size of the peening material. Generally, one or two different mixtures are sufficient to treat the majority of objects.
  • the mixture transported by compressed air is projected or sprayed through a suitable dispenser on the surfaces to be coated and therefore all what does not reach the target is collected on the bottom of the painting cabin.
  • the mixture recovered from the bottom of the cabin in conveyed to a sieve which separates the two fractions, sending them to the respective storage tanks.
  • a conventional fluid bed tank or a vibrating or mechanically stirred tank is used to mix the recovered powder and the fresh powder to be conveyed to the application dispenser, while for the peening material a feed-valve pressure tank is preferably used.
  • the percent peening powder included in the mixture to be sprayed depends on the surface to be coated, the process time and the final thickness desired. Amount of powder necessary to obtain a known coating thickness on a pre-defined area type of powder specific weight and powder weight in g/ ⁇ /m 2 epoxy with pigments and fillers 1.7 transparent polyester 1.3 Teflon 2.2
  • One of the main advantages of the process according to the invention lies in that the thickness of the coating may be rendered partly independent on the treatment time by suitably controlling the percent peening powder added to the mixture.
  • a mixture containing 10% painting powder and 90% peening powder by volume, projected by a 6 bar compressed air gun, at a distance of 20 cm from the object to be treated, can cover 1 dm 2 of surface with 10 ⁇ of paint in less than 2 minutes.
  • multilayer coatings may be obtained wherein the different powders spread into each other, so as to ensure after the firing the best possible adhesion.
  • This characteristic is particularly important when Teflon or PVDF powders are used which usually wet the substrate only slightly and have therefore a poor adhesion.
  • the coating morphology or structure obtained by the process according to the invention seem generally rather different relatively to those known for powder paints.
  • the coating appears to be constituted by discrete powder particles, which however are molten one on top of the other and smashed on the surface of the object to be painted, by effect of the impact of the peening powder, until a continuous structure is obtained.
  • This flat particle structure is particularly interesting as it allows to obtain very thin continuous layers also starting from painting powders having a markedly higher average diameter.
  • the coating may show different properties according to the firing type chosen.
  • the parameters chosen for the firing are such as to ensure a good cross-linking of the thermosetting component of the coating - without however reaching the melting temperature of the thermoplastic component - uniformity cannot be as good as it is in the case of a firing temperature higher than the melting temperature of the thermoplastic component.
  • An apparatus for carrying out the process according to the present invention comprises:
  • the operating parameter of the process are bound to the characteristics of the painting product and the peening material used.
  • Compressed air is used within a range of between 2 and 10 bar, and a gun can deliver 40 to 50 kg product per hour (about 8-10 kg product per hour).
  • the dispenser may be fixed, oscillating or mounted on pump bobs.
  • the overspray problem is not as important as in conventional painting systems with powder paints, as the dispensers are much nearer to the objects to be treated and the cloud size is much more reduced.
  • an overspray recovery system with final filtration is necessary to reduce any type of pollution of air exiting the application cabin.
  • the dosage of the flow of said two powders is made independently from one another and therefore their mutual rate may be suitably adjusted according to need.
  • the storing tanks for the paint powder and the peening material may be fed either fresh products or recovery products coming from the overspray collected in the application cabin, said collected overspray being conveyed to a mechanical screening using a screen having suitably sized meshes, so as to separate the recovery powder paint from the peening beads,
  • the object to be painted is kept in a painting cabin at a distance from the dispenser comprised between 10 and 1000 mm, preferably between 100 and 200 mm.
  • both fresh powder and overspray recovery powder coming from the painting cabin are stored. Paint is conveyed to dispenser 3 by means of the pneumatic transport system 2. Bead peening powder is stored in the pressurised container/tank 4, which is provided with feed and exhaust valve. Through the pneumatic transport system 5, the peening material is conveyed to the spray-type dispenser 3, which combines the flow of both materials in a uniform cloud 9 transported at the pre-fixed speed by means of compressed air and projected against surface 10 of the object to be painted, contained within the painting cabin 7.
  • a recovery device consisting of a vibrating sieve 8 that provides to separating the powder paint that has not been utilised from beads; the non utilised paint and the beads are conveyed by gravity to the respective storing tanks.
  • a rotary valve 11 As bead tank is pressurised, feeding is through a rotary valve 11.
  • a control board with a mechanical or electronic programmer (not shown in the figure) is also provided which allows to pre-fix work and time conditions.
  • the working cycle comprises the following steps:

Landscapes

  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Procédé pour peindre des objets divers en utilisant des peintures en poudre, comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    préparation de la surface de l'objet devant être soumis à la peinture par dégraissage avec des solvants appropriés, par brossage, par décapage au jet de sable ou similaire, selon des procédés connus et en fonction des performances finales requises ;
    application d'au moins une couche de peinture en poudre sur la surface devant être peinte, effectuée en projetant contre ladite surface ladite peinture en poudre en association avec une matière en poudre, essentiellement une matière de pannage ;
       caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend l'étape supplémentaire consistant à :
    chauffer et/ou polymériser la couche de peinture en poudre ainsi appliquée, à une température appropriée, au moyen d'une irradiation thermique ou similaire.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite peinture en poudre est étroitement pré-mélangé avec ladite matière de pannage en poudre et le mélange ainsi obtenu est projeté sur la surface devant être peinte par de l'air comprimé, des rotors centrifuges et similaire.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit air comprimé est sec et/ou séparé de l'huile, et sa pression est dans la plage de 1 à 50 atm.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite matière de pannage est essentiellement sous la forme de grains ayant un diamètre allant de 10 µ à 500 µ et un poids spécifique supérieur au poids spécifique des particules de la peinture en poudre devant être appliquée.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite matière de pannage est constituée de grains de préférence de verre, de bronze ou d'autres matériaux connus, et peut être utilisée pour réaliser le pannage selon le type de peinture en poudre employée et/ou le matériau avec lequel est réalisé l'objet devant être peint.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la peinture en poudre devant être appliquée a un poids spécifique inférieur à 2,45 et une taille de particule comprise entre 1 et 300 p.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les particules constituant ladite matière de pannage sont sensiblement sphériques, réalisées à partir de verre et ont un poids spécifique supérieur à 2,45 et une dureté d'au moins 5,5 Mohs et un diamètre compris entre 10 et 500 µ.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les particules ou grains constituant ladite matière de pannage ont un poids spécifique supérieur au poids spécifique des particules de peinture en poudre et sont réalisés à partir d'alliage d'acier ayant un poids spécifique supérieur à 5,58 et ont un diamètre compris entre 10 et 500 µ.
  9. Procédé selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que pendant l'étape de ladite application, le rapport de poids entre ladite peinture en poudre et ladite matière de pannage dans ledit mélange est compris entre 1 :100 et 50 :100.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que une fois que l'application a été effectuée, l'excès de peinture en poudre et ladite matière de pannage sont rassemblées de manière appropriée, séparée l'une de l'autre par filtrage, ventilation ou similaire et réutilisées dans ladite étape d'application.
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, quand ledit objet est réalisé à partir d'aluminium ou d'un alliage d'aluminium, une autre étape de pré-traitement de surface, consistant en une conversion chimique selon des moyens connus ou une oxydation anodique peut être introduite de manière avantageuse entre ladite étape de préparation de surface et ladite étape d'application de couche de peinture en poudre.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que deux couches de peinture en poudre ou plus superposées l'une sur l'autre sont appliquées de manière séquentielle de façon à obtenir des revêtements de peinture à plusieurs couches.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite peinture en poudre est constituée d'un mélange de peintures en poudre thermodurcissables et thermoplastiques, de façon à obtenir des couches de peinture mélangée homogènes.
  14. Procédé selon les revendications 1, 2 et 9, caractérisé en ce que, en exploitant de manière appropriée la quantité de peinture en poudre et/ou de poudre de pannage et/ou le volume d'air de transport, le dosage du flux desdites deux poudres est effectué de manière indépendante et par conséquent leur rapport mutuel peut être ajusté de manière appropriée selon le besoin.
  15. Appareil pour effectuer le procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend :
    un conteneur/réservoir (1) pour des peintures en poudre dans lequel les deux peintures, fraíche et de surplus, sont stockées,
    un système d'acheminement pneumatique de peinture en poudre (2) dudit conteneur (1) au distributeur (3),
    un conteneur/réservoir (4) pour la matière de pannage à base de grains maintenue sous pression et fournie par une soupape d'alimentation et d'évacuation,
    un système d'acheminement pneumatique (5) pour lesdits grains de pannage du réservoir (4) au distributeur (3),
    un pulvérisateur/distributeur (3) qui combine le flux de ladite peinture en poudre avec lesdits grains de pannage dans un nuage uniforme transporté à la vitesse souhaitée par de l'air comprimé,
    un système de production, de stockage et de mesure d'air comprimé séparé de l'huile et sec constituant l'élément de transport pour ladite peinture en poudre et lesdits grains à partir des réservoirs respectifs (1, 4) au distributeur (3),
    un système de récupération pourvu, au fond de la cabine de peinture (7), d'un tamis vibrant (8) qui sépare la peinture en poudre non utilisée des grains qui sont envoyés aux réservoirs respectifs, ledit réservoir de stockage pressurisé pour lesdits grains étant pourvu d'une soupape d'alimentation rotative,
    un tableau de commande avec un programmateur mécanique ou électronique permettant de fixer au préalable le temps de travail et les conditions.
  16. Appareil selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que les réservoirs de stockage de la peinture en poudre et de la matière de pannage sont alimentés à la fois en produits frais et en produits de récupération en provenance du surplus rassemblé dans la cabine d'application, ledit surplus rassemblé étant acheminé à une grille mécanique utilisant un tamis ayant des mailles dimensionnées de manière appropriée afin de séparer la peinture en poudre de récupération des grains de pannage.
  17. Appareil selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que l'objet devant être peint est maintenu dans une cabine d'application à une distance du distributeur comprise entre 10 et 1000 mm.
  18. Objets obtenus selon le procédé de la revendication 1, caractérisés en ce qu'ils sont pourvus d'une couche de peinture ayant une épaisseur inférieure à 10 µ.
  19. Objets obtenus selon la revendication 1, caractérisés en ce qu'ils sont pourvus de plusieurs couches de peintures superposées, constituées de peintures thermodurcissables et thermoplastiques.
EP98114770A 1997-09-03 1998-08-06 Procédé pour peindre des objects divers utilisant des peintures en poudre, produits obtenus par ce procédé et appareil associé Expired - Lifetime EP0900672B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT97MI001999A IT1294375B1 (it) 1997-09-03 1997-09-03 Procedimento di verniciatura di oggetti e manufatti vari con vernici in polvere, prodotti verniciati cosi' ottenuti e relativa
ITMI971999 1997-09-03

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0900672A2 EP0900672A2 (fr) 1999-03-10
EP0900672A3 EP0900672A3 (fr) 2001-06-06
EP0900672B1 true EP0900672B1 (fr) 2004-05-12

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98114770A Expired - Lifetime EP0900672B1 (fr) 1997-09-03 1998-08-06 Procédé pour peindre des objects divers utilisant des peintures en poudre, produits obtenus par ce procédé et appareil associé

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0900672B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE266530T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69823757T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2221101T3 (fr)
IT (1) IT1294375B1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006057898B4 (de) * 2006-12-08 2011-06-01 Eisenmann Anlagenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zum Fördern fluidisierbarer Medien

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2194178A (en) * 1986-04-25 1988-03-02 Smith Meters Ltd Coating surfaces
JPH01228580A (ja) * 1988-03-08 1989-09-12 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The エポキシ被覆鋼材の製造方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0900672A3 (fr) 2001-06-06
IT1294375B1 (it) 1999-03-24
ATE266530T1 (de) 2004-05-15
ITMI971999A1 (it) 1999-03-03
DE69823757T2 (de) 2005-05-04
DE69823757D1 (de) 2004-06-17
EP0900672A2 (fr) 1999-03-10
ES2221101T3 (es) 2004-12-16

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