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EP0993811B1 - Dispositif de centrage - Google Patents

Dispositif de centrage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0993811B1
EP0993811B1 EP99307929A EP99307929A EP0993811B1 EP 0993811 B1 EP0993811 B1 EP 0993811B1 EP 99307929 A EP99307929 A EP 99307929A EP 99307929 A EP99307929 A EP 99307929A EP 0993811 B1 EP0993811 B1 EP 0993811B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
centraliser
arms
hollow body
stem
attached
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99307929A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0993811A1 (fr
Inventor
Ian Crawford Revie
Bruno Hiernard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Johnson and Johnson Medical Ltd
Original Assignee
Johnson and Johnson Medical Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Johnson and Johnson Medical Ltd filed Critical Johnson and Johnson Medical Ltd
Priority to EP03078895A priority Critical patent/EP1428485A3/fr
Publication of EP0993811A1 publication Critical patent/EP0993811A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0993811B1 publication Critical patent/EP0993811B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30721—Accessories
    • A61F2/30724—Spacers for centering an implant in a bone cavity, e.g. in a cement-receiving cavity
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3662—Femoral shafts
    • A61F2/3676—Distal or diaphyseal parts of shafts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30003—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis
    • A61F2002/30004—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis the prosthesis being made from materials having different values of a given property at different locations within the same prosthesis
    • A61F2002/30014—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis the prosthesis being made from materials having different values of a given property at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in elasticity, stiffness or compressibility
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A61F2002/30317—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A61F2002/30317—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2250/0036—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in thickness
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2250/0014—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis
    • A61F2250/0039—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in diameter
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00353—Bone cement, e.g. polymethylmethacrylate or PMMA

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a centraliser for a prosthetic implant, in particular a prosthetic femoral stem for implantation in a patient's femur for hip replacement surgery.
  • Centralisers or spacers are provided for fitting to the distal end of a femoral hip replacement stem in order to keep the implant stem away from the internal surface of the cavity of the bone in which the stem is to be inserted.
  • stems which are cemented in the bone cavity, there is a space between the stem and the internal surface of the cavity of the bone in which bone cement is placed. Controlling the position of the stem within the surrounding bone cement mantle is vital to the long-term survivability of the replacement joint. Cement can be deposited in the bone cavity and the stem with the attached centraliser is then inserted. It is important to try to obtain an even and intact cement mantle around the stem.
  • Known centralisers are in the form of caps which fit over the distal end of the stem and centralisers which are fixed inside the drilled end of a stem.
  • Centralisers are also known, for example as described in US patent No. 4,658,351, which are of ring form which can have a tapered inner surface corresponding to the tapered surface of the distal end of the femoral stem on which the centraliser is located.
  • EP04274448 describes a centraliser or spacer in the form of a cap for insertion on the end of a hip stem with fins or wings extending outwardly from the cap which are adapted to fold circumferentially and inwardly towards the body portion of the cap.
  • European patent application No. 0554987A discloses centralisers which are attached to the femoral stem via a sheath.
  • the centraliser either has abutments in the form of tangentially projecting wings ( Figure 4) or it has radially and upwardly extending arms ( Figures 5 and 6).
  • European patent application No. 0483057A describes a centraliser shaped in the form of a pyramid having an equilateral triangle as base.
  • the triangular pyramid base is attached to the femoral stem and the pyramid apex faces the bone cavity.
  • French patent application No. 2772595A discloses a centraliser comprising a central portion for attaching to a prosthesis (such as a femoral stem) and flexible branches projecting from the central portion. Each branch has a tip which presses against the prosthesis and a central bend which is applied against the inner surface of the bone cavity.
  • UK patent application No. 2104391A describes a plastics spacer comprising a hollow body for receiving the prosthesis and resilient fingers extending radially and upwardly from the body.
  • the fingers may be linked to the body by thin webs forming wings.
  • a centraliser for use on a prosthetic component to be inserted in a bone cavity, the centraliser comprising a hollow body with a plurality of spacer means projecting from the body, wherein the spacer means are in the form of arms extending outwardly from the hollow body and having a variable cross-section along the length of the arms.
  • the hollow body may have one open end and be in the form of a cap.
  • the hollow body may have two open ends and be in the form of an elongated ring.
  • the hollow body may be in the form of a truncated cylinder.
  • each arm has a first end attached to the hollow body.
  • a second end of each arm may also be attached to the hollow body.
  • the arms have a cross-section which varies from a circle becoming increasingly ovoid along the length of the arms.
  • the plurality of arms are equally spaced circumferentially around the hollow body. There may be three equally spaced arms.
  • the arms are attached to the hollow body such that they extend parallel to the central axis running through the hollow body.
  • a centraliser 1 is provided with a hollow body 2 and a plurality of arms 4 extending outwardly from the body 2.
  • the body 2 is of elongated annular form and may be in the form of a truncated hollow cylinder.
  • the body 2 has an outer surface 22 and an inner surface 20.
  • the inner and outer surfaces 20, 22 are joined by an upper edge 6 of the body 2 and a lower edge 10 of the body 2.
  • the upper edge 6 of the body 2 is generally circular and has a greater diameter than the lower edge 10 of the body which is also generally circular.
  • the centraliser 1 has three arms 4 equally spaced around the body 2.
  • Each arm 4 has a first end 24 which is attached to the body 2 adjacent the upper edge 6 of the body 2.
  • the second end 26 of each arm is attached adjacent the lower edge 10 of the body 2.
  • Each arm 4 curves outwardly from the body 2 to form a D-shape.
  • the arms 4 extend parallel to a central axis through the body 2.
  • the arms 4 resemble cup handles equally spaced around the body 2.
  • Each arm 4 has a cross-section which varies from the first end 24 to the second end 26 of each arm 4.
  • a top portion 14 of each arm 4 has a generally circular cross-section which provides stiffness to the arm 4.
  • a mid-portion 16 of each arm 4 has an increasingly ovoid cross-section and a lower portion 18 of each arm 4 has a thin ovoid cross-section. The change in cross-section along the arms 4 increases the flexibility of the arms 4 towards the second end 26 of the arms 4.
  • the centraliser 1 is formed of a plasticised PMMA material which is capable of bonding with a surrounding PMMA cement mantle.
  • the centraliser 1 is designed to fit in bone cavities of 10mm-20mm diameter at 2mm increments.
  • the size of the centraliser 1 is linked with the stem size and the outer form linked with the distal reamers to be used with the cemented stem.
  • the centraliser 1 wedges on a distal end of a femoral stem with the femoral stem contacting the inner surface 20 of the centraliser 1 at about 10mm-15mm from the distal end of the stem.
  • the centraliser 1 can fit into bone cavities ranging from the stem size plus a 2mm cement mantle to the stem size plus a 4mm cement mantle. This variation in size can arise if a surgeon decides to undersize the stem for a prepared bone cavity.
  • the centraliser 1 adapts to a varying size of bone cavity by having flexible arms 4. The flexibility of the arms 4 is restricted to prevent undersizing of the cement mantle, in other words, the minimum cement mantle should be 2mm at the distal end.
  • the centraliser 1 of the present invention achieves the above requirements by having a plurality of arms 4 which give constrained flexion due to the variable cross-section along the arms 4.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Food-Manufacturing Devices (AREA)
  • Table Equipment (AREA)
  • Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Dispositif de centrage (1) destiné à être utilisé sur un composant prothétique à insérer dans une cavité osseuse, le dispositif de centrage (1) comprenant un corps creux (2) avec une pluralité de moyens d'écartement se projetant à partir du corps (2), dans lequel les moyens d'écartement se présentent sous la forme de bras (4) s'étendant vers l'extérieur à partir du corps creux (2) et comprenant une section transversale variable le long de la longueur des bras (4), caractérisé en ce que chaque bras (4) possède une première extrémité (24) et une seconde extrémité (26) fixées au corps creux (2), et une partie centrale non fixée au corps creux (2).
  2. Dispositif de centrage (1) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le corps creux (2) possède une extrémité ouverte et se présente sous la forme d'un capuchon.
  3. Dispositif de centrage (1) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le corps creux (2) possède deux extrémités ouvertes et se présente sous la forme d'un anneau allongé.
  4. Dispositif de centrage (1) selon la revendication 3, dans lequel le corps creux (2) se présente sous la forme d'un cylindre tronqué.
  5. Dispositif de centrage (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes dans lequel les bras (4) ont une section transversale qui varie à partir d'un cercle qui devient progressivement ovoïde le long de la longueur des bras (4) .
  6. Dispositif de centrage (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes dans lequel plusieurs bras (4) sont espacés à égale distance de manière circonférentielle autour du corps creux (2).
  7. Dispositif de centrage (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes dans lequel on trouve trois bras (4) espacés à égale distance.
  8. Dispositif de centrage (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes dans lequel les bras (4) sont fixés au corps creux (2) de sorte qu'ils s'étendent parallèlement à l'axe central en passant à travers le corps creux (2).
  9. Dispositif de centrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes dans lequel on trouve trois bras espacés à égale distance.
EP99307929A 1998-10-08 1999-10-07 Dispositif de centrage Expired - Lifetime EP0993811B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03078895A EP1428485A3 (fr) 1998-10-08 1999-10-07 Element de centrage

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9821993 1998-10-08
GBGB9821993.4A GB9821993D0 (en) 1998-10-08 1998-10-08 Centraliser

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03078895A Division EP1428485A3 (fr) 1998-10-08 1999-10-07 Element de centrage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0993811A1 EP0993811A1 (fr) 2000-04-19
EP0993811B1 true EP0993811B1 (fr) 2003-12-17

Family

ID=10840245

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99307929A Expired - Lifetime EP0993811B1 (fr) 1998-10-08 1999-10-07 Dispositif de centrage
EP03078895A Withdrawn EP1428485A3 (fr) 1998-10-08 1999-10-07 Element de centrage

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03078895A Withdrawn EP1428485A3 (fr) 1998-10-08 1999-10-07 Element de centrage

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6245113B1 (fr)
EP (2) EP0993811B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2000139969A (fr)
AU (1) AU5267799A (fr)
DE (1) DE69913637T2 (fr)
GB (1) GB9821993D0 (fr)

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KR100358192B1 (ko) * 2000-02-16 2002-10-25 한국과학기술원 시멘트 비사용 인공관절 스템용 자켓 및 이것을 구비한 인공관절
FR2856275B1 (fr) * 2003-06-19 2006-02-10 Didier Ravet Tige femorale anatomique pour prothese de hanche
GB0517945D0 (en) * 2005-09-03 2005-10-12 Depuy Int Ltd An orthopaedic joint prosthesis implant kit
US7828805B2 (en) * 2006-02-02 2010-11-09 Zimmer Technology, Inc. Hip stem centralizer datum guide, and method
US20070179630A1 (en) * 2006-02-02 2007-08-02 Zimmer Technology, Inc. Hip stem centralizer cap and method
US20080015708A1 (en) * 2006-07-13 2008-01-17 Zimmer Technology, Inc. Hip stem centralizer cover and method
JP2008100112A (ja) * 2008-01-17 2008-05-01 Senko Medical Instr Mfg Co Ltd 人工関節用中遠位チップ
US9011444B2 (en) 2011-12-09 2015-04-21 Howmedica Osteonics Corp. Surgical reaming instrument for shaping a bone cavity
WO2013102089A1 (fr) 2011-12-30 2013-07-04 Howmedica Osteonics Corp. Systèmes de préparation de vides osseux pour recevoir une prothèse
US9526513B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2016-12-27 Howmedica Osteonics Corp. Void filling joint prosthesis and associated instruments
US10149763B2 (en) 2015-01-12 2018-12-11 Howmedica Osteonics Corp. Multipurpose void filling prosthesis
US12458501B1 (en) * 2025-03-21 2025-11-04 Brian P. Gladnick De-escalation systems and methods including hip cones for total hip arthroplasty (THA) such as revision total hip arthroplasty

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US4064567A (en) * 1976-09-15 1977-12-27 The Sampson Corporation Prosthesis-to-bone interface system
CH625119A5 (fr) * 1978-03-28 1981-09-15 Sulzer Ag
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GB2104391B (en) * 1981-08-25 1984-12-19 Univ Exeter Spacer for intra-medullary implant
GB8924985D0 (en) * 1989-11-06 1989-12-28 Howmedica Centaliser for the stem of an intramedullary prosthesis
GB9011132D0 (en) * 1990-05-17 1990-07-04 Howmedica Phosthetic intramedullary femoral prosthesis with preformed sheath
US5080680A (en) * 1990-09-04 1992-01-14 Mikhail Michael W E Femoral stem prosthesis with preapplied cement mantle
US5108439A (en) * 1990-10-25 1992-04-28 Sulzer Brothers Limited Centering element for a shank of a joint endoprosthesis
US5163963A (en) * 1991-02-28 1992-11-17 Zimmer, Inc. Prosthetic implant with spacers having tapered trailing edges
GB9201734D0 (en) * 1992-01-28 1992-03-11 Howmedica Femoral component for use in a replacement hip prosthesis
US5425768A (en) * 1993-03-08 1995-06-20 Carpenter; Charles W. Reinforced spacer for stem-type prosthetic implants
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US5755793A (en) * 1996-09-04 1998-05-26 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Centralizer for a prosthetic implant
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US5997581A (en) * 1997-12-29 1999-12-07 Johnson & Johnson Professional, Inc. Hip stem cement spacer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1428485A2 (fr) 2004-06-16
DE69913637D1 (de) 2004-01-29
US6245113B1 (en) 2001-06-12
DE69913637T2 (de) 2004-09-16
GB9821993D0 (en) 1998-12-02
AU5267799A (en) 2000-04-13
EP1428485A3 (fr) 2007-11-28
JP2000139969A (ja) 2000-05-23
EP0993811A1 (fr) 2000-04-19

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