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EP0988423B1 - Surface de jeu en gazon synthetique - Google Patents

Surface de jeu en gazon synthetique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0988423B1
EP0988423B1 EP98925367A EP98925367A EP0988423B1 EP 0988423 B1 EP0988423 B1 EP 0988423B1 EP 98925367 A EP98925367 A EP 98925367A EP 98925367 A EP98925367 A EP 98925367A EP 0988423 B1 EP0988423 B1 EP 0988423B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
approximately
synthetic turf
underpad
density
pounds per
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98925367A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0988423A1 (fr
Inventor
Alain Lemieux
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2752-3273 Quebec Inc
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2752-3273 Quebec Inc
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Publication date
Application filed by 2752-3273 Quebec Inc filed Critical 2752-3273 Quebec Inc
Priority to SI9830197T priority Critical patent/SI0988423T1/xx
Publication of EP0988423A1 publication Critical patent/EP0988423A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0988423B1 publication Critical patent/EP0988423B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/08—Surfaces simulating grass ; Grass-grown sports grounds

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improved synthetic turf surface suitable for use as a grass-type game playing field and/or as an insulated, waterproof covening material for a rooftop or patio or deck surface.
  • Synthetic turf game playing surfaces typically are formed of carpets having upright piles or strands that are fastened to a base or backing sheet.
  • the strands may be formed of thin, flat, narrow strips of suitable plastic material which may be gathered into tufts that are fastened to the base sheet.
  • the base sheet is formed of a woven cloth, made of a suitable plastic fabric, with a resilient coating or binder applied to the base sheet for anchoring the strands thereto.
  • the detailed construction of such pile carpets varied considerably. However, in general, they are made of a weather resistant or outdoor type of construction.
  • Such carpets are usually laid upon a prepared, flat ground surface to form a game playing field which is intended to simulate a natural grass playing field surface.
  • a resilient underpad is placed beneath the carpet and upon the firm ground support surface to provide a shock absorbing effect.
  • a layer of sand or other particulate material is placed upon the upper surface of the carpet base sheet and around the strands.
  • a synthetic turf surface formed of a synthetic grass carpet having a flexible base sheet with closely spaced apart, upright blade-like strands of plastics material secured to the sheet, and with the strands forming a densely packed, exposed upper surface and said base sheet being positioned upon a resilient cushion underpad arranged upon a firm support surface, said underpad being formed of a relatively thick sheet of a molded, open cell, expanded, resilient polypropylene bead material, wherein said carpet and its supporting underpad closely simulate a portion of a natural grass surface.
  • the synthetic turf surface is suitable for use as a golf or other grass-type game playing surface or other use as a golf or other grass-type game playing surface and/or for use as an insulated waterproof covering for a rooftop or patio or deck surface.
  • the hereinafter described and illustrated embodiment of synthetic grass carpet provides a surface which is strikingly similar to a natural grass playing surface formed particularly for golf courses.
  • the invention contemplates utilising expanded beads of polypropylene of a density of approximately between about 20.8 and 44.9 kg/m 3 (1.3 and 2.8 pounds per cubic foot) molded into a thick sheet or pad of open cell structure with a density of between about 24 and 48 kg/m 3 (1.5 and 3 pounds per cubic foot).
  • the combined turf carpet and supporting underpad effect may be enhanced by treating the free ends of the synthetic grass blades with a sand blast which splits or threads the blade ends into fine slivers which intertwine and entangle with each other to form a dense mat upper surface upon the carpet.
  • FIG 1 is a schematic, fragmentary, cross-sectional end view of a synthetic turf pile carpet.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view similar to FIG. 1, showing the carpet positioned upon a resilient, molded open cell, expanded bead polypropylene underpad.
  • FIG. 3 is a view, similar to FIG. 2, illustrating the step of sandblasting the upper end portions of the blade forming strands of the carpet.
  • FIG. 4 schematically illustrates the artificial turf surface with the dense mat formed by the shredded slivers and with a layer of sand deposited by the sandblasting step upon the upper surface of the carpet base sheet.
  • FIG. 5 schematically illustrates a further, optional, step of spraying the carpet with a water wash for further severing the slivers on a strand while additionally entangling or intertwining adjacent slivers to form the dense mat surface and, also, a rotary brush treating the upper surface of the mat.
  • FIG. 6 schematically illustrates a single U-shaped strand whose free upper ends have been shredded into fine slivers by the sandblasting treatment
  • FIG. 7 schematically illustrates a fragmentary portion of a golf course where the golfer may use a Tee.
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged, fragmentary, schematic, cross-sectional view showing a Tee inserted in a slot provided in artificial turf which has a mat formed on its upper surface.
  • FIG. 9 is a view similar to FIG. 8 showing a Tee inserted in a slot formed in turf which is not formed with upper end slivers and a matted surface.
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a fragment of a synthetic turf pile carpet.
  • the carpet has numerous, closely spaced, tufts 11 which are formed of U-shaped, flat, narrow bent strips or strands 12 that form artificial grass blades.
  • the turfs are fastened upon a base or backing sheet 14.
  • This sheet may be made of a woven cloth or the like fabric material formed of stable, weather resistant, plastic such as polypropylene or nylon fibers or the like.
  • the specific cloth must be flexible but, otherwise, may vary as to its composition.
  • the tufts are inserted around or through the fibers forming the base sheet.
  • a suitable binder layer 16 may be applied to bind the turfs and base sheet together.
  • the binder may be formed of a polyurethane adhesive material or some other suitable, outdoor usable adhesive which remains resilient or flexible.
  • the carpet is placed upon a resilient cushion underpad 18.
  • This underpad is formed of a relatively thick, molded sheet or pad of resilient, open cell, expanded bead polypropylene.
  • the sheet may be approximately between about 1.27 and 5.08 cm (1/2 inch and 2 inches) in thickness, with a preferred density of approximately 37.8 kg/m 3 (2,36 pounds per cubic foot).
  • the density may be varied within the range of between about 24 and 48 kg/m 3 (1.5 and 3 pounds per cubic foot.
  • the thickness of the pad may also be varied from about 0.64 cm (1/4 inch) thickness to as much as up to 30.5 cm (12 inches) thick.
  • the upper portions of the strands or blades are sprayed with a blast of sand 20 or similar sand-like particulate material from a pressurized nozzle 21.
  • This blast of sand shreds each of the strand upper end portions into numerous slivers 23 (see FIG. 6).
  • the slivers extend laterally and intertwine and entangle together to form a dense mat 24.
  • the spray nozzle 21 may be moved back and forth from one side to the other in a scanner-like movement across the upper end portions of the blades formed by the strands.
  • the exact pressure of the sand blast spray may be varied. However, a preferred blast pressure is in the range of 6.9 to 8.3 bar (100 to 120 pounds per square inch).
  • the blast may use silica sand of a size range of between about 16 to 40 mesh and, preferably, in the range of between about 20 to 24 mesh or even more preferably in the approximate area of 24 mesh.
  • the sandblasting is conducted at a speed of movement and for a length of time which is sufficient to shred the strand end portions into finely divided slivers. For example, the upper, about one-fifth portions of the blades may be shredded into fine slivers that remain attached to their respective blades.
  • the force of the sand blast depending upon how long, that is, how slowly the blast is moved across the surface of the carpet, not only shreds the blades, but also forces the sprayed sand downwardly between the strands to deposit sand upon the surface of the base sheet of the carpet.
  • the sand layer 25 formed thereby may be kept upon the base sheet of the carpet where it is maintained in position by the dense intertwined or entangled sliver mat formed on the upper ends of the blades.
  • a blade height of approximately 1.6 cm (5/8 of an inch) above the surface of the base sheet, which is useful for a golf green surface may have its upper 20 to 33 percent of its length shredded into fine slivers.
  • strands which are approximately 0.16 cm (1/16 of an inch) wide and about 0.0051 cm (0.002 inches) thick, so that they are approximately rectangular in cross-section. They are bent in half, to form two blades, and are gathered into tufts of about 9 to 11 strands. These form about 18 to 22 blades per tuft.
  • the upper about 20 percent portions of each blade may be severed into about four slivers.
  • each tuft may have as many as about 70 to 80 slivers whose lower ends remain attached to the blade body and whose upper ends extend off into transverse directions to entangle with the slivers of adjacent strands.
  • the slivers are about 0.051 cm (0.02 inches) in width and about 0.2 to 0.32 cm (0.075 to 0.125 inches) long.
  • the carpet may be further treated with a high pressure water spray 27 applied by a pressurized nozzle 28.
  • the water spray which, for example, could be at a roughly 6.9 to 10.3 bar (100 to 150 pounds per square inch) nozzle pressure, acts like a wash which further separates adjacent slivers that were shredded, but not fully separated from each other on the same strand, and simultaneously further twists, bends and entangles the slivers of one strand with slivers on its adjacent strand to further densify the mat formed by the intertwined slivers. This forms a denser and more uniform mat surface.
  • the mat surface may be further treated by brushing it with, for example, a rotary brush 29 applied upon the mat surface to make the mat surface more uniform.
  • the water jet and the brushing may be performed successively or at the same time as schematically illustrated in FIG. 5.
  • the force of the sandblasting is sufficiently absorbed through the resilient cushioning pad beneath the carpet to prevent the strands from becoming crushed or permanently deformed or compacted by such force. That is, the strands remain or return to their upright positions after their upper ends are sand blasted. The upright positions are maintained, in part, by the deposited sand layer 25. Similarly, the strands and the mat 24 hold the sand layer 25 in place.
  • the sand layer filling may be kept in place and the matted carpet may be rolled and transported to the site where it is to be spread and used with the sand layer.
  • the treated carpet may be unrolled and installed at the game surface site when desired and the sand layer will remain in place and additional sand at the use site for a sand filling may not be needed.
  • an example of a useful carpet for a golf green comprises synthetic grass of approximately 7,600 deniers, an approximate density of 1.42 kg/m 2 (42 ounces per square yard), and a fiber height of approximately 1.6 cm (5/8 inch) combined with an underpad of 1.27 to 5.08 cm (1/2 inch to 2 inches) in thickness.
  • an example of a fairway portion of a golf course may be in the range of approximately 7,600 deniers synthetic grass, an approximate density of 1.42 to 1.86 kg/m 2 (42 to 55 ounces per square yard), with a fiber height of about 1.6 to 5.1 cm (5/8 to 2 inches) with an underpad of at least about 2.54 cm (one inch) thick.
  • Still another example of the synthetic grass would be a weaving standard in the range of 3,600 to 10,000 deniers, with 13 to 22 stitches per 7.62 cm (3 inches), 3/16 gage and a density of about 1.15 to 2.2 kg/m 2 (34 to 65 ounces per square yard) of material.
  • the raw beaded polypropylene material is commercially available and can be molded into underpads of the desired density.
  • expanded polypropylene beads are available from BASF under the trade name of NEOPOLEN P, which is a trademark of BASF. This material is available at densities of 20.8 , 30.4 and 44.9 kg/m 3 (1.3, 1.9 and 2.8 pounds per cubic foot) and is referenced by BASF by its trademark EPERAN PP, types PP45, PP30 and LBS 20.
  • EPERAN PP types PP45, PP30 and LBS 20.
  • the resulting pad produced in the desired thickness, can be made in a density ranging from 24 to 48 kg/m 3 (1.5 to 3 pounds per cubic foot).
  • the molded slab or sheet will have an open cell construction.
  • the specific density selected may be varied for specific sport activities. For example, a density that has been found satisfactory for a golf green is in the range of approximately 37.8 kg/m 3 (2.36 pounds per cubic foot).
  • the particular technique useful for the sandblast treatment involves sandblasting under pressure using commercially available sandblast equipment.
  • a pressure in the range of 6.9 to 8.3 bar (100 to 120 pounds per square inch) is preferred but the pressure may be varied somewhat, such as a low of about 5.5 bar (80 pounds per square inch).
  • the angle of the projected spray may vary but a preferred angle, which appears to be effective in a minimum of time, is an angle of about 70 to 80 degrees relative to the plane of the carpet.
  • the distance of the nozzle from the strands may vary, with the equipment operator selecting the optimum distance by visually observing the shredding action of the spray. An example of the distance may be in the range of about 1.22 to 1.52 m (4 to 5 feet), depending upon the speed of movement of the nozzle across the carpet
  • the resulting synthetic turf is particularly useful for golf courses, such as the green portions, approach portions, Tee-off portions and fairway.
  • the turf surface also may be used for tennis courts, football or soccer as well as for other sports which utilize grass surfaces. Examples of these are grass hockey, croquet, grass bowling, children playground, baseball, and the like.
  • the surface of the artificial turf produced by the method herein closely simulates the feel and action or rebound produced by a natural grass surfaced playing field.
  • the completed, matted surface very closely simulates the natural grass surfaces required for golf courses and the similar playing fields.
  • This turf may also be useful upon a rooftop or patio or deck surface where the turf will provide an insulated, waterproof covering.
  • the turf may be used on golf courses in Tee-off places, that is, at locations where the golfer uses a Tee to support the ball for a drive.
  • a number of slits 30 may be made in the turf carpet base sheet and underpad to receive a manually inserted standard Tee.
  • the slits 30 may be of a size to closely receive a Tee 31.
  • a colored mark 32 may be applied, as by a suitable ink or paint mark, on the surface of the turf.
  • FIG. 7 shows the turf with the sliver forming mat and
  • FIG. 8 shows the turf mold without the surface mat. In either case the slots can be used to receive the golfer's Tee.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Dental Preparations (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Road Repair (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
  • Pens And Brushes (AREA)
  • Level Indicators Using A Float (AREA)
  • Pyrane Compounds (AREA)

Claims (17)

  1. Surface de jeu synthétique formée d'un tapis de gazon synthétique comprenant une feuille de base flexible (14) avec des brins (12) en matière plastique, redressés, ressemblant à des lames, disposés avec un espacement serré et fixés dans la feuille, les brins formant une surface supérieure exposée dense, et ladite feuille de base étant disposée sur une sous-couche (18) résiliente amortissante disposée sur une surface de support ferme, caractérisée par le fait que ladite sous-couche (18) est une feuille relativement épaisse d'un matériau moulé, expansé, à porosité ouverte, à base de billes de polypropylène, et dans laquelle ledit tapis et la sous-couche (18) qui le porte imitent une partie d'une surface de gazon naturel.
  2. Surface de jeu synthétique selon la revendication 1 dans laquelle les dites billes de polypropylène ont une masse volumique comprise entre environ 20,8 et 44,9 kg/m3 (1,3 et 2,8 livres par pied3) et ladite sous-couche (18) a une épaisseur comprise entre environ 0,64 et 30,5 cm (respectivement 1/4 de pouce et 12 pouces).
  3. Surface de jeu synthétique selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle ledit matériau en polypropylène a une masse volumique comprise entre environ 20,8 et 30,4 kg/m3 (respectivement 1,3 et 1,9 livres par pouce3) et une épaisseur comprise entre environ 2,54 et 5,1 cm (respectivement 1 pouce et 2 pouces), la surface formant ainsi un green ou une zone de tee-off d'un terrain de golf imitant le gazon naturel.
  4. Surface de jeu synthétique selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle ledit matériau en polypropylène a une masse volumique comprise entre environ 20,8 et 30,4 kg/m3 (entre 1,3 et 1,9 livres par pouce3) et une épaisseur comprise entre environ 2,54 et 5,1 cm (respectivement 1 pouce et 2 pouces), la surface formant ainsi un matériau de recouvrement imperméable à l'eau et isolant pour un toit, un patio ou une surface du pont d'un bateau.
  5. Surface de jeu synthétique selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle ledit matériau en polypropylène a une masse volumique d'environ 30,4 kg/m3 (1,9 livre par pouce3) et une épaisseur comprise entre environ 1,3 et 2,5 cm (respectivement 0,5 pouce et 1 pouce) de manière à former une surface d'un court de tennis imitant le gazon naturel.
  6. Surface de jeu synthétique selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle ledit matériau en polypropylène a une masse volumique d'environ 30,4 kg/m3 (1,9 livre par pouce3) et une épaisseur comprise entre environ 1,3 et 2,5 cm (respectivement 0,5 pouce et 1 pouce), la surface formant ainsi un matériau de recouvrement imperméable à l'eau et isolant pour un toit, un patio ou une surface du pont d'un bateau.
  7. Surface de jeu synthétique selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle ledit matériau en polypropylène a une masse volumique d'environ 20,8 kg/m3 (1,3 livre par pouce3) et ladite sous-couche a une épaisseur comprise entre environ 2,54 et 5,1 cm (respectivement 1 pouce et 2 pouces), la surface formant ainsi une surface de tee-off d'un terrain de golf imitant le gazon naturel.
  8. Surface de jeu synthétique selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle ledit matériau en polypropylène a une masse volumique d'environ 20,8 kg/m3 (1,3 livre par pouce3) et ladite sous-couche a une épaisseur comprise entre environ 2,54 et 5,1 cm (respectivement 1 pouce et 2 pouces), la surface formant ainsi un matériau de recouvrement imperméable à l'eau et isolant pour un toit, un patio ou une surface du pont d'un bateau.
  9. Surface de jeu synthétique selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle ledit matériau en polypropylène a une masse volumique d'environ 30,4 kg/m3 (1,9 livre par pouce3) et ladite sous-couche a une épaisseur comprise entre environ 2,54 et 5,1 cm (respectivement 1 pouce et 2 pouces), la surface formant ainsi une surface de green d'un terrain de golf imitant le gazon naturel.
  10. Surface de jeu synthétique selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle ledit matériau en polypropylène a une masse volumique d'environ 30,4 kg/m3 (1,9 livre par pouce3) et ladite sous-couche a une épaisseur comprise entre environ 2,54 et 5,1 cm (respectivement 1 pouce et 2 pouces), la surface formant ainsi un matériau de recouvrement imperméable à l'eau et isolant pour un toit, un patio ou une surface du pont d'un bateau.
  11. Surface de jeu synthétique selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle ladite sous-couche (18) est un matériau moulé à base de billes de polypropylène expansées ayant une masse volumique comprise entre environ 20,8 et 44,9 kg/m3 (respectivement 1,3 et 2,8 livres par pouce3) et une épaisseur comprise entre environ 1,3 et 2,54 cm (0,5 pouce et 2 pouces), moulé sous forme d'un élément unitaire à porosité ouverte ayant une masse volumique comprise entre environ 24 et 48 kg/m3 (1,5 et 3 livres par pouce3).
  12. Surface de jeu synthétique selon la revendication 11 dans laquelle la masse volumique de ladite sous-couche moulée (18) est d'environ 37,8 kg/m3 (2,36 livres par pouce3), la surface formant ainsi un green d'un terrain de golfe imitant le gazon naturel ou une surface similaire d'un terrain de golfe.
  13. Surface de jeu synthétique selon la revendication 11, dans laquelle la masse volumique de ladite sous-couche moulée (18) est d'environ 37,8 kg/m3 (2,36 livres par pouce3)la surface formant ainsi un matériau de recouvrement imperméable à l'eau et isolant pour un toit, un patio ou une surface du pont d'un bateau.
  14. Surface de jeu synthétique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes dans laquelle les extrémités supérieures desdits brins (12) sont effiloché en filaments fins qui sont emmêlés et enchevêtrés de manière dense, une couche d'un matériau particulaire (25) de type sable étant déposée à la surface supérieure de la feuille de base (14) et généralement en dessous des filaments enchevêtrés et remplit pratiquement complètement les interstices entre les brins (12), ladite couche étant recouverte par lesdits rubans enchevêtrés.
  15. Surface de jeu synthétique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant en outre une couche de renforcement (16) adhésive en un matériau flexible et résilient, appliqué sur la surface inférieure de la feuille de base (14) et au dessus de la surface supérieure de la sous-couche (18) et qui est formé d'un matériau en matière plastique synthétique tel qu'un polyuréthanne.
  16. Surface de jeu synthétique selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3 et 7, comprenant de nombreuses fentes courtes (30) espacées, formées dans le tapis, les fentes ayant une taille leur permettant de recevoir temporairement un tee de golf d'une taille normale, le joueur de golf pouvant ainsi insérer manuellement dans n'importe quelle fente un tee pour supporter une balle de golfe avant le drive.
  17. Toit, patio ou surface du pont d'un bateau portant la surface de jeu synthétique selon la revendication 1 ou 2 dans laquelle ladite surface de jeu synthétique est un matériau de recouvrement isolant et imperméable à l'eau.
EP98925367A 1997-06-09 1998-06-09 Surface de jeu en gazon synthetique Expired - Lifetime EP0988423B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI9830197T SI0988423T1 (en) 1997-06-09 1998-06-09 Synthetic turf game surface

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2206295 1997-06-09
CA002206295A CA2206295A1 (fr) 1997-06-09 1997-06-09 Gazon synthetique, de composition specifique, faite par un procede au jet de sable, jumele a une base en polypropylene servant de coussin d'absorption, ainsi qu'un procede de traitement au jet de sable de cette surface de gazon synthetique
PCT/CA1998/000559 WO1998056993A1 (fr) 1997-06-09 1998-06-09 Surface de jeu en gazon synthetique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0988423A1 EP0988423A1 (fr) 2000-03-29
EP0988423B1 true EP0988423B1 (fr) 2002-04-17

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EP98925367A Expired - Lifetime EP0988423B1 (fr) 1997-06-09 1998-06-09 Surface de jeu en gazon synthetique

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EP (1) EP0988423B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3739055B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN1184381C (fr)
AT (1) ATE216448T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU742420B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR9810428A (fr)
CA (1) CA2206295A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69804960T2 (fr)
DK (1) DK0988423T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2178218T3 (fr)
ID (1) ID23397A (fr)
NO (1) NO316520B1 (fr)
NZ (1) NZ502184A (fr)
PT (1) PT988423E (fr)
RU (1) RU2188888C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998056993A1 (fr)

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EP1694119A2 (fr) 2003-08-20 2006-08-30 Brock USA, LLC Terrain de sport multicouche a couche de remplissage d'evacuation d'eau
WO2021214229A1 (fr) 2020-04-23 2021-10-28 Basf Se Gazon artificiel

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US6527889B1 (en) 2000-08-22 2003-03-04 Safeplay International, Inc. Method for making stabilized artificial turf
EP1348058B1 (fr) 2000-11-30 2014-05-21 Avturf L.L.C. Aéroports et aérodromes avec gazon synthétique
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JP2004522876A (ja) * 2001-01-15 2004-07-29 ２７５２−３２７３ ケベック インコーポレイテッド 弾力性床面
GB0120271D0 (en) * 2001-08-21 2001-10-10 Sear Philip G Golf mat
BR0318320A (pt) 2003-05-28 2006-07-18 Lankhorst Indutech Bv fio para tranças de uma cobertura de terreno com grama artificial, cobertura de terreno com grama artificial, quadra esportiva, e, método para produzir um fio para formar tranças de uma cobertura de terreno com grama artificial
AU2003250972A1 (en) * 2003-07-14 2005-01-28 Mattex Leisure Industries Artificial turf filament and artificial turf system
US7901753B2 (en) 2003-11-12 2011-03-08 Avturf L.L.C. Synthetic runway surface system
CN100366422C (zh) * 2003-12-31 2008-02-06 环球公开有限公司 制备合成草结构的方法以及相应的合成草结构
CN100406082C (zh) * 2004-08-03 2008-07-30 文德利希兄弟两合公司 高尔夫球击球垫
CA2612466C (fr) * 2005-06-17 2013-08-20 Fieldturf Tarkett Inc. Procede pour raidir des rubans synthetiques d'une surface de gazon synthetique
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PT2084329T (pt) * 2006-10-20 2019-07-16 Trocellen Gmbh Relva artificial com camada almofadada
NL1032719C2 (nl) * 2006-10-23 2008-04-25 Ten Cate Thiolon Bv Kunstgrasvezel alsmede een kunstgrasveld voorzien van tenminste een dergelijke kunstgrasvezel.
NL1032724C2 (nl) * 2006-10-23 2008-04-25 Ten Cate Thiolon Bv Kunstgrasveld, in het bijzonder voor een kunstgrassportveld.
US8236392B2 (en) 2007-01-19 2012-08-07 Brock Usa, Llc Base for turf system
US8353640B2 (en) 2008-01-22 2013-01-15 Brock Usa, Llc Load supporting panel having impact absorbing structure
DE202007015031U1 (de) * 2007-10-26 2009-03-12 Smg Sportplatzmaschinenbau Gmbh Fahrbare Vorrichtung mit einer Abtragvorrichtung für das Füllgut auf einem Kunstrasenplatz
RU2455416C2 (ru) * 2007-10-30 2012-07-10 Гуанчжоу Экт Корпорэйшн Искусственный травяной покров и способ его изготовления
ES2663703T3 (es) 2009-07-06 2018-04-16 Brock International Sistema de soporte subyacente estructural para su uso con elementos de pavimentación y revestimiento del suelo
CN103946452A (zh) * 2011-10-28 2014-07-23 博纳有限公司 用于人造草皮系统的减震垫
US20190127926A1 (en) * 2015-01-26 2019-05-02 Sisgrass B.V. Device for Inserting Artificial Grass Strands into the Ground
USD866800S1 (en) 2015-10-26 2019-11-12 Brock Usa, Llc Turf underlayment
US10060082B2 (en) 2016-05-18 2018-08-28 Brock Usa, Llc Base for turf system with vertical support extensions at panel edges
CN106677009B (zh) * 2016-08-29 2022-03-11 毕国明 一种土基质人造草坪的生产设备及其施工方法
RU2681799C1 (ru) * 2018-04-02 2019-03-12 Дмитрий Константинович Локтев Модульное покрытие для гольф объектов
CN111615999A (zh) * 2020-04-13 2020-09-04 深圳市朝向草业科技发展有限公司 在编织型人造草上的种植天然草的种植方法及混合草坪
EP4147847A1 (fr) 2021-09-08 2023-03-15 Basf Se Corps moulé perméable comprenant des billes de polyuréthane
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EP1694119A2 (fr) 2003-08-20 2006-08-30 Brock USA, LLC Terrain de sport multicouche a couche de remplissage d'evacuation d'eau
EP1694119A4 (fr) * 2003-08-20 2008-03-26 Brock Usa Llc Terrain de sport multicouche a couche de remplissage d'evacuation d'eau
WO2021214229A1 (fr) 2020-04-23 2021-10-28 Basf Se Gazon artificiel

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AU742420B2 (en) 2002-01-03
HK1030248A1 (en) 2001-04-27
NZ502184A (en) 2001-05-25
RU2188888C2 (ru) 2002-09-10
CN1264449A (zh) 2000-08-23
NO316520B1 (no) 2004-02-02
ID23397A (id) 2000-04-20
JP3739055B2 (ja) 2006-01-25
NO996026D0 (no) 1999-12-08
EP0988423A1 (fr) 2000-03-29
NO996026L (no) 2000-02-01
JP2002503299A (ja) 2002-01-29
WO1998056993A1 (fr) 1998-12-17
DE69804960D1 (de) 2002-05-23
BR9810428A (pt) 2000-09-19
ES2178218T3 (es) 2002-12-16
AU7754898A (en) 1998-12-30
CN1184381C (zh) 2005-01-12
CA2206295A1 (fr) 1998-12-09
DK0988423T3 (da) 2002-08-19
DE69804960T2 (de) 2002-11-21
ATE216448T1 (de) 2002-05-15
PT988423E (pt) 2002-09-30

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