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EP0979382B1 - Munitions a epaulement a vitesse initiale elevee - Google Patents

Munitions a epaulement a vitesse initiale elevee Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0979382B1
EP0979382B1 EP97941109A EP97941109A EP0979382B1 EP 0979382 B1 EP0979382 B1 EP 0979382B1 EP 97941109 A EP97941109 A EP 97941109A EP 97941109 A EP97941109 A EP 97941109A EP 0979382 B1 EP0979382 B1 EP 0979382B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
cartridge case
ammunition
external diameter
widest point
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97941109A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0979382A1 (fr
Inventor
Trevor Joe Barraclough
William Rogers Henry Alexander
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bauer Nicodemus Eran
Original Assignee
Bauer Nicodemus Eran
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bauer Nicodemus Eran filed Critical Bauer Nicodemus Eran
Publication of EP0979382A1 publication Critical patent/EP0979382A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0979382B1 publication Critical patent/EP0979382B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/025—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile characterised by the dimension of the case or the missile

Definitions

  • the invention relates to firearms, and in particular to improved ammunition for side arms and improved side arms to fire such ammunition.
  • Small arms and small calibre weapons are convenient simply because they are small and lightweight, which makes them easy to use and carry about the person.
  • the performance of these types of weapon is limited. They cannot fire projectiles over long distances, and furthermore are very inaccurate at anything more than short distances.
  • pistol ammunitions have projectiles of a diameter which corresponds to the internal diameter of the cartridge case, the walls of the cartridge case being parallel, whereas rifle ammunitions have projectiles significantly smaller in diameter than the cartridge cases to which they are attached. The result is a projectile which travels further and is more accurate.
  • Pistol ammunition produces low velocity wound characteristics, characterised in animals by the destruction of tissue in the path of the projectile, and a minor amount of secondary cavity damage around the path to the projectile. It is the effect of the projectile destroying objects in its path which neutralises the target.
  • rifle ammunition produces a different type of wounding characteristic, where it is not only the destruction of tissue by the projectile which causes neutralisation, but damage to tissues caused by a velocity induced shock wave. In fact, the projectile itself causes limited damage, rather it is the shock wave induced by the projectile passing through the tissue which causes severe trauma, sometimes known as temporary cavity damage. This type of wounding is known as "high velocity wounding".
  • any projectile has a limit velocity, the limit velocity for the projectile in question being the change over point between low velocity wounding and high velocity wounding occurring on impact with an animal target.
  • Single shot pistols often being of bolt action type have been adapted to receive a rifle cartridge.
  • Bottleneck ammunition known as the 30 (7.63mm) Mauser is described in the book entitled Cartridges of the World (ISBN 0-695-80326-3) at page 152, and dimensional data of this ammunition is set out on page 177 of the same book.
  • the muzzle velocity provided by this ammunition is between 381 and 429 metres per second, which is less than the muzzle velocity required to cause high velocity wounding.
  • the ratio of the external diameter of the cartridge case at its widest point to the ratio of the projectile at its widest point is about 1.2 to 1.
  • sidearm shall be understood to encompass weapons such as pistols, and carbines.
  • One aspect of the invention provides ammunition suitable for firing from a side arm comprising a cartridge adapted to fire a projectile, the cartridge case having at one end a portion of reduced diameter, the projectile being held in the said portion of reduced diameter, wherein the ratio of the external diameter of the cartridge case at its widest point to the external diameter of the projectile at its widest point is such that when the projectile is fired into a target high velocity wounding is caused.
  • the invention also provides a cartridge case having at one end a portion of reduced diameter to receive a projectile therein, wherein the ratio of the external diameter of the cartridge case at its widest point to the internal diameter of the portion of reduced diameter at its widest point is greater than 1.26 to 1, and is preferably between 1.5 to 1 and 2.8 to 1, and still more preferably is 1.3 to 1 and 2.0 to 1.
  • the ratio of the external diameter of the cartridge case at its widest point to the external diameter of the projectile at its widest point is between 1.5 to 1 and 2.8 to 1.
  • the external diameter of the cartridge case at its widest point is 1.3 to 2.0 times the external diameter of the projectile.
  • the external diameter of the cartridge case at its widest point is substantially 1.8 times the external diameter of the projectile.
  • the external diameter of the projectile is substantially 5.56 mm
  • the external diameter of the cartridge case is substantially 10.80 mm.
  • the cartridge case is formed from a standard parallel sided cartridge case, having a length of between 17 and 25 mm.
  • the projectile may be a standard 5.56 mm (0.224 inch) projectile.
  • the cartridge may be formed from a standard 10 mm cartridge case, having a length of 25 mm.
  • the cartridge may be formed from a standard 40 Smith & Wesson parallel sided cartridge case, having a length of 21.5 mm.
  • the external diameter of the cartridge case is substantially 9.6 mm and the external diameter of the projectile is greater than or equal to 4.5 mm and less than or equal to 6 mm.
  • the external diameter of the cartridge case is substantially 12 mm and the external diameter of the projectile is greater than or equal to 4.5 mm and less than or equal to 6 mm.
  • the cartridge case may be swaged to provide the portion of reduced diameter.
  • the cartridge case is preferably formed from brass.
  • the projectile may be a standard full metal jacketed projectile.
  • the powder used in the cartridge is preferably a nitro based powder.
  • One aspect of the invention also provides a gun barrel having a chamber at one end so shaped and dimensioned as to receive ammunition according to the invention, one end of the said chamber entering into a rifled barrel of a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the projectile to be shot therethrough.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a self-loading, automatic, or semi-automatic side-arm comprising a gun barrel having a chamber at one end so shaped and dimensioned as to receive ammunition according to the invention, one end of the said chamber entering into a rifled barrel of a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the projectile to be shot therethrough.
  • the ammunition of the invention fires its projectile at a much greater velocity, and therefore over a much longer range than would be the case with ammunition attached to a straight sided cartridge case. This is because the diameter of the projectile is less than the diameter of the case.
  • the ammunition of the invention allows side arms to fire projectiles which behave in a similar manner to projectiles fired from rifles.
  • the projectiles fired from ammunition according to the invention can produce high velocity wounding.
  • the ammunition uses known components which are the subject of considerable research regarding flight characteristics and terminal effects.
  • Figure 1 shows a cartridge case 1 having a primer 2 attached to one end thereof. At the other end of the case 1 there is a portion of reduced diameter 3. In the region 4 between the straight sided portion of the cartridge case 1 and the portion of reduced diameter 3, the sides of the cartridge case slope.
  • the diameters A and B are 10.80 mm, the diameter C is 10.75 mm, the diameter D of the portion of reduced diameter 3 is 6.46 mm, and the internal diameter E is 5.66 mm.
  • Letters F to K designate lengths of different parts of the cartridge case 1.
  • K is 23.00 mm.
  • J is 19.25 mm
  • I is 15.82 mm
  • H is 3.20 mm
  • G is 2.48 mm
  • F is 1.40 mm.
  • the angle y is 32 degrees in the preferred embodiment.
  • the cartridge case 1 is formed by taking a standard 25 mm cartridge case and forming the portion of reduced diameter and the region having sloping sides by means of swaging.
  • the internal diameter E of 5.66 mm accommodates a standard 0.224 inch (5.56 mm) projectile.
  • the cartridge case 1 is shown in cross-section in Figures 2 and 3, and it can be seen that the case 1 has an internal chamber 5 in which powder is held. As can be seen from Figure 3, a projectile 6 is fitted in the portion of reduced diameter 3. As the powder (not shown) held in the internal chamber 5 burns energy is released, and so the projectile is forced out of the cartridge case 1.
  • the projectile 6 comprises an inner shaped steel or lead mass 8, surrounded by a copper jacket 7.
  • Many different projectiles of a size suitable to fit into the portion of reduced diameter 3 are known and may be used in place of the projectile 6 shown.
  • FIG. 4 there is shown a barrel 10, comprising at one end a chamber 11 which is shaped to accommodate ammunition according to the invention, and a rifled barrel section 12.
  • the barrel 10 is attached to a weapon by means of block 13 having an aperture 14 through which a pin may pass.
  • the chamber 11 has a sloping face 15 and a portion of reduced diameter 16 which co-operate with the sloping face 4 and portion of reduced diameter 3 of the cartridge case shown in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the diameter of chamber 11 tapers 17 for a short distance to the end of the chamber 11.
  • the rifled barrel section 12 begins.
  • Tapered section 17 accommodates the shaped projectile such as the projectile 6 shown in Figure 3.
  • the dimensions of the chamber may be nominally 0.1 mm greater than those of the ammunition according to the invention.
  • Figures 5 to 10 are graphs showing the performance of the ammunition of the present invention compared with the performance of 9mm FMJ and 0.40 Smith and Wesson as modelled on the "Oehler Ballistic Explorer".
  • trace 1 indicates the performance of the ammunition of the invention
  • trace 2 indicates the performance of 9mm FMJ ammunition
  • trace 3 indicates the performance of 0.40 Smith and Wesson ammunition.
  • Each of the graphs serves to show that the ammunition of the invention significantly out performs the 9mm FMJ and the 0.40 Smith and Wesson.

Landscapes

  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)
  • Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Pyrrole Compounds (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Finger-Pressure Massage (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Munition à épaulement semi-automatique comprenant une douille haute pression (1) et un projectile (6), la douille (1) étant constituée d'une première partie ayant un premier diamètre externe compris entre 9,6 et 12 millimètres présentant sensiblement des faces parallèles et une seconde partie (3) d'un diamètre réduit, lesdites première et seconde parties présentant chacune des faces sensiblement parallèles et étant reliées ensemble par une surface inclinée, dans laquelle le projectile (6) est maintenu dans ladite seconde partie (3), la partie dudit projectile maintenue dans ladite seconde partie présentant un diamètre externe compris entre 4,5 et 6 millimètres, et la douille (1) comprenant une amorce (2) et une chambre (5), laquelle chambre (5) est chargée d'une quantité de poudre de propulsion, dans laquelle la longueur de la douille (1) est supérieure à 17 millimètres et inférieure ou égale à 25 millimètres, et en ce que le rapport du diamètre externe de la douille (1) en son point le plus large sur le diamètre externe du projectile (6) en son point le plus large est supérieur ou égal à 1,3 sur 1, de sorte que lorsque la munition est tirée par un épaulement semi-automatique approprié, la combinaison des caractéristiques ci-dessus permettra au projectile de réaliser une vitesse initiale d'approximativement 600 mètres par seconde (approximativement 2000 pieds par seconde) ou plus et une énergie initiale d'approximativement 624 Joules (approximativement 460 pieds-livres) ou plus, de sorte que ledit projectile ne provoque pas seulement la destruction du tissu mais endommage également le tissu par une onde de choc induite par la vitesse entraínant des traumatismes, lorsque le projectile heurte une cible.
  2. Munition selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le rapport du diamètre externe de la douille (1) en son point le plus large sur le diamètre externe du projectile (6) en son point le plus large est dans la plage de 1,5 à 2,8 sur 1.
  3. Munition selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans laquelle le rapport du diamètre externe de la douille (1) en son point le plus large sur le diamètre externe du projectile (6) en son point le plus large est dans la plage de 1,3 à 2,0 sur 1.
  4. Munition selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le diamètre externe de la douille (1) en son point le plus large est sensiblement 1,8 fois le diamètre externe du projectile (6).
  5. Munition selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le rapport du diamètre externe de la douille (1) en son point le plus large sur le diamètre interne de la partie présentant un diamètre réduit (3) en son point le plus large est supérieur à 1,3 sur 1.
  6. Munition selon la revendication 5, dans laquelle le rapport du diamètre externe de la douille (1) en son point le plus large sur le diamètre interne de la partie présentant un diamètre réduit (3) en son point le plus large est compris entre 1,5 sur 1 et 2,8 sur 1.
  7. Munition selon la revendication 5, dans laquelle le rapport du diamètre externe de la douille (1) en son point le plus large sur le diamètre interne de la partie présentant un diamètre réduit (3) en son point le plus large est compris entre 1,3 sur 1 et 2,0 sur 1.
  8. Munition selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le diamètre externe du projectile (6) est sensiblement de 5,56 mm, et le diamètre externe de la douille (1) est sensiblement de 10,80 mm en son point le plus large.
  9. Munition selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans laquelle le projectile (6) est un projectile standard de 5,56 mm (0,224 pouce).
  10. Munition selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans laquelle la douille (1) est formée à partir d'une douille standard de 10 mm, présentant une longueur de 25 mm.
  11. Munition selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la douille (1) est formée à partir d'une douille standard à faces parallèles 40 Smith & Wesson, présentant une longueur de 21,5 mm.
  12. Munition selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la douille (1) est matricée pour fournir la partie présentant un diamètre réduit.
  13. Munition selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la douille (1) est formée en laiton.
  14. Munition selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le projectile (6) est un projectile chemisé standard.
  15. Canon (10) convenant à un épaulement, ledit canon présentant une chambre (11) à une extrémité, formée et dimensionnée de manière à recevoir la munition selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14.
  16. Epaulement comprenant un canon (10) présentant une chambre (11) à une extrémité, formée et dimensionnée de manière à recevoir la munition selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15.
EP97941109A 1997-04-29 1997-09-22 Munitions a epaulement a vitesse initiale elevee Expired - Lifetime EP0979382B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9708629 1997-04-29
GBGB9708629.2A GB9708629D0 (en) 1997-04-29 1997-04-29 Improvements in handguns and ammunition
PCT/GB1997/002581 WO1998049515A1 (fr) 1997-04-29 1997-09-22 Munitions a epaulement a vitesse initiale elevee

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0979382A1 EP0979382A1 (fr) 2000-02-16
EP0979382B1 true EP0979382B1 (fr) 2005-11-23

Family

ID=10811501

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97941109A Expired - Lifetime EP0979382B1 (fr) 1997-04-29 1997-09-22 Munitions a epaulement a vitesse initiale elevee

Country Status (11)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0979382B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE310938T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU4313297A (fr)
CA (1) CA2322411A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19782273T1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2255110T3 (fr)
GB (2) GB9708629D0 (fr)
HU (1) HU225974B1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2221212C2 (fr)
TR (1) TR199902707T2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998049515A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3136084A (en) * 1962-03-09 1964-06-09 Smith And Wesson Inc Gas cutting prevention in revolver firearms
US3609904A (en) * 1969-05-07 1971-10-05 Remington Arms Co Inc Extractable plastic cartridge
US3998161A (en) * 1975-06-30 1976-12-21 Booth Robert C Cartridge adapter
US5094169A (en) * 1989-10-10 1992-03-10 Evitts James E Cartridge for small arms
US5187324A (en) * 1992-03-27 1993-02-16 Ricco Sr John A 9 mm cartridge casing
US5507232A (en) * 1995-04-10 1996-04-16 Olin Corporation 9 millimeter cartridge casing with improved deep draw capability
RU2077689C1 (ru) * 1995-07-06 1997-04-20 Федор Алексеевич Котюхов Огнестрельное оружие

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
TR199902707T2 (xx) 2001-03-21
HUP0002146A3 (en) 2000-12-28
DE69734727D1 (de) 2005-12-29
GB9809041D0 (en) 1998-06-24
GB2324850A (en) 1998-11-04
HUP0002146A2 (hu) 2000-11-28
DE19782273T1 (de) 2000-06-21
DE69734727T2 (de) 2006-08-24
ES2255110T3 (es) 2006-06-16
CA2322411A1 (fr) 1998-11-05
ATE310938T1 (de) 2005-12-15
EP0979382A1 (fr) 2000-02-16
WO1998049515A1 (fr) 1998-11-05
AU4313297A (en) 1998-11-24
GB9708629D0 (en) 1997-06-18
RU2221212C2 (ru) 2004-01-10
GB2324850B (en) 2002-02-20
HU225974B1 (en) 2008-02-28

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