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EP0971983A1 - Melange de constituants, produit multicouche et procede de fabrication correspondant - Google Patents

Melange de constituants, produit multicouche et procede de fabrication correspondant

Info

Publication number
EP0971983A1
EP0971983A1 EP98912850A EP98912850A EP0971983A1 EP 0971983 A1 EP0971983 A1 EP 0971983A1 EP 98912850 A EP98912850 A EP 98912850A EP 98912850 A EP98912850 A EP 98912850A EP 0971983 A1 EP0971983 A1 EP 0971983A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
component
product
layer
mixture
mixture according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98912850A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Johan Felix
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Original Assignee
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Research Ltd Switzerland filed Critical ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Publication of EP0971983A1 publication Critical patent/EP0971983A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a component mixture provided to be extruded in order to produce a product.
  • the present invention also relates to a product which is constituted by a plurality of layers, and a method for the production thereof.
  • Component mixtures of the above type are often used and well known in prior art, amongst others for the production of elongated tubular products provided to be, for instance, used as cables by electrical applications, conduits in gen- eral, cooling water conduits, etc.
  • the cables or tubes that are used also, a part from their ability of conducting a fluid for instance, need to be fire resistant when being used in environments where fire hazards may occur and where it is important that the risk for igniting the tubes and cables used is minimized.
  • Such are the prerequisites for, amongst others, cooling water tubes that, for instance, are used in different industrial plants. Apart from the fact that there are requirements on the fire resistance of such tubes, it is also required that they show satisfactory mechanical and electrical properties for a relatively extensive period.
  • a typical requirement for such a cooling water tube is that, during a period of thirty years, it should re- liably be able to be percolated by water having a temperature in the range of 60 °C with a pressure in the range of 6- 10 bars. Further, it is required that the tube presents fire resistance.
  • tubes with a generally homogenous composition are produced through extrusion of component mixtures.
  • PEX commercial cross linkable polyethylene types
  • halogenated compounds or high concentrations of minerals thereto thereto.
  • the fire resistance is obtained at the expense of the mechanical property of the cables or tubes manufactured in this way.
  • halogenated flame retar- dants are not desirable from an environmental point of view.
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • This object is obtained by way of the initially defined component mixture, which is characterized in that it comprises a first component, and a second component which has a higher viscosity than the first component .
  • the different components will, due to their different viscosities, preferably form different layers in the extruded product.
  • the component having the lowest viscosity at the processing conditions will occupy the peripheral positions of the extruded product and will, thereby, form the outer surfaces thereof.
  • the properties of these surfaces can thereby by controlled through a suitable choice of the component having the lowest viscosity, while the properties of the layers that comprise the component with the higher viscosity, in their turn, can be controlled through a suitable choice of this component .
  • the first component comprises a first polymer which is a thermoplastic
  • the second com- ponent comprises a second polymer which also is a thermoplastic
  • thermoplastics are used, among which a plurality that are well suited for the use in loaded details, such as, for example, cooling water tubes, are found.
  • plastics such as for example, polyethylene, often also have the advantage of being cheep.
  • amorphous thermoplastics as PVC and semi or partially crystalline thermoplastics such as polyamide are possible to use.
  • the first and the second components are not molecularly mixable with each other.
  • the first component comprises a flame retarding agent .
  • first component layers that to a high degree or to a minor degree are comprised by the first component will present flame security.
  • the first component preferably will be present in the peripheral region of the extruded product, the manufacture of a tube for instance, the outer surface of which is formed by a layer which to a major part or totally is comprised by the first component and thereby being flame secure, is made possible.
  • a tube product may thereby be obtained, said product being well suited to be used as cooling water tubes by which the requirements regarding mechanical and electrical properties and flame security are satisfied.
  • the flame retarding agent comprises a non-halogenated compound such as a compound containing phosphor or silicone, or minerals, said compound being provided to bring to the first polymer its flame retarding properties.
  • the character of the flame retarding agent should be such that it is, preferably, present only in small amounts in the first component and does not spread also in the second com- ponent .
  • the first component is prevented from being depleted from its flame retarding agent, which could lead to the need of adding unnecessary large amounts thereof to the mixture at the same time as, for example, deteriorated mechanical properties would be obtained in the second component.
  • a non-halogenated compound it is possible to avoid the creation of toxic, corrosive, halogen-containing gases in the case where a layer formed by the first component after all would be subjected to intensive heat or fire.
  • this mixture comprises a means for maintaining a distribution of one component in another component .
  • a layer which, for instance, comprises a matrix of the second component and a plurality of particles or the like of the first component, a coalescence of the particles of the first component is prevented.
  • uneven distributions and properties, for example locally deteriorated mechanical properties, of a product obtained from the inventive component mixture is avoided.
  • This object is obtained by means of the initially defined method, which is characterized in that it comprises
  • first and second component are obtained, such that these substantially will be present in different layers.
  • mixed structures may occur in one layer, for example that the first component is present as more or less continuous particles in a layer in which the second component forms a matrix, or vice versa.
  • the method results in the possibility of obtaining a good adhesion or binding between different layers.
  • the mixture of the first and second components is extruded to a tubular product, the inner and outer surfaces of which are defined through layers which substan- tially comprise the first component and by which a layer located between said surfaces comprises the second component.
  • the boundary between the layers may be more or less diffuse or pronounced.
  • the first component presents a good flame resistance and the second component particularly presents good mechanical properties, for example the ability of taking important strains during a long period and at relatively high temperature
  • the principle of the method is of course also applicable when other specific features are required for the extruded product than flame security and mechanical strength.
  • the first and the second components are chosen such that the viscosity ratio ⁇ / ⁇ thereof is at least 1/2 during such extrusion, that is under the given extrusion conditions.
  • the respective components are chosen in such a way that there is a certain viscosity ratio therebetween, the thickness of the respective layers is controlled. The higher the viscosity ratio is, that is the greater the difference in viscosity between the compo- nents is by the extrusion conditions, the more will these be concentrated to different respective layers.
  • the viscosity ratio between the first and the second component preferably is at least 1/2.
  • the first and the second components are chosen in such a way that the viscosity ratio ⁇ x / ⁇ 2 thereof is at least 1/3 by said extrusion.
  • This object is obtained by means of the initially defined product, which is characterized in that it comprises an extruded component mixture according to the invention.
  • the product comprises at least one first layer, which mainly comprises the first component, and a second layer which comprises the second component.
  • the second layer comprises a larger amount of the second component and a smaller amount of the first component.
  • the product will have layers which differ from each other as to their composition and, thereby, properties.
  • the thicknesses and properties of the respective layers may, in their turn, be varied through a suitable choice of the included components with regard to, for example, viscosity and composition, and through a suitable choice of such process pa- rameters as the temperature, and the shearing velocity during the extrusion.
  • Fig 1 is a cross-section of an embodiment of a product according to the invention.
  • Fig 1 an embodiment of the inventive product is shown, said product comprising a plurality of layers, 1, 2, 3 among which at least one layer 3 presents a composition and a structure that differs from the ones of the rest of the layers 1, 2.
  • First layers, 1, 2 which form the peripheral surfaces of the product, here the inner periphery and the outer periphery respectively of a tube, mainly comprise a first component 4 which, due to its viscosity, is concentrated to these layers during a preceding extrusion of an inventive component mixture.
  • the second, intermediate layer 3 comprises a larger portion of a second component 5 and a smaller portion of the first component 4.
  • the second component 5 has a higher viscosity than the first component 4, and will, because of this reason, not be concentrated to peripheral surfaces of the product .
  • process parameters such as shearing velocity and temperature, and mutual viscosity ratio between the first and the second components
  • a larger or smaller amount of the first component will be present in the second layer 3.
  • a large difference in viscosity between the first and the second component is taken advantage of by the extrusion in order to accomplish a thicker and more homogenous first layer 1, but results in a less good dispersion of the first component 4 in the second component 5 being obtained in the second layer 3.
  • the component mixture that is extruded in order to produce the product comprises a particular agent, a so called compatibilizer, the main task of which is to accomplish a morphology stabilization and to prevent coa- lescence of the components of the product.
  • this agent counteracts the first component 4 dispersed in the second layer 3 from coalizing and forming larger continuous portions, such that the latter continues to be present in a well distributed state in a matrix com- prised by the second component 5.
  • This agent is also of a type which promotes an interaction between the respective components and, thereby, a better adhesion between the layers, promoting the mechanical properties of the product.
  • the agent for maintaining the distribution comprises a co-poly- mer or a polymer grafted with reactive groups, preferably the second polymer with reactive groups, in this case func- tionalized or modified PE.
  • the component mixture used for the manufacture of the prod- uct is, in this case, a melted mixture of polymers, the first component 4 and the second component 5 being included in said mixture .
  • the product is a cooling water tube .
  • the first component comprises a partially crystalline or, alternatively, liquid crystalline thermoplastic, in this case for instance polyamide 12 or polyester (LCP) , and a flame retarding agent in order to accomplish flame resistance of the surfaces formed by the first layer or layers 1, 2.
  • LCP liquid crystalline thermoplastic
  • the second layer 3 has a substan- tially larger thickness than the first layer 1, 2 and has as its main task to provide the product with good mechanical properties.
  • the second layer 3 mainly comprises the second component 5 which, in its turn, comprises a second polymer which, in its turn, suitably comprises a polyolefin, in this case polyethylene.
  • the second layer 3 also comprises a smaller amount of the first component 4 dispersed into it .
  • the flame retarding ability of the first component may be obtained through the use of a first polymer which in itself is flame resistant.
  • the first component comprises a flame retarding agent, the flame retarding agent comprising a smaller amount of a non-halogenated compound provided to bring the flame retarding properties to the first polymer, for example polyamide 12.
  • the manufacturing method is performed in the following way:
  • the inventive component mixture is prepared by mixing the first and the second component.
  • each component respectively may be present as granulates which are subsequently melted, or as already existing melts.
  • the agent for maintaining a distribution of one component in another one is also added to the very component mixture or, alternatively, to any of the components.
  • the component mixture is then placed in an extruder, preferably a double extruder, and is then extruded therein in order to obtain a product with the requested profile.
  • an extruder preferably a double extruder
  • the embodiment shown refers to a tubular product, suited to be used as a cooling water conduit, but could as well refer to a product with another shape, for example a flat product to be used as such or to be bent and then welded to a tubular product .
  • a number of varieties and alternative embodiments will be obvious for a man skilled in the art without thereby departing from the very invention.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un mélange de constituants destiné à être extrudé en vue de fabriquer un produit. Ce mélange comprend un premier constituant (4) et un second constituant (5), de viscosité supérieure à celle du premier constituant. L'invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication d'un produit comportant plusieurs couches (1, 2, 3). Ce procédé consiste à préparer un mélange conformément à l'invention et à extruder ce mélange pour fabriquer le produit. L'invention concerne également un produit comportant plusieurs couches (1, 2, 3) et constitué d'un mélange extrudé selon l'invention.
EP98912850A 1997-03-27 1998-03-20 Melange de constituants, produit multicouche et procede de fabrication correspondant Withdrawn EP0971983A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9701167 1997-03-27
SE9701167A SE511590C2 (sv) 1997-03-27 1997-03-27 Komponentblandning, en av flera skikt uppbyggd brandbeständig produkt, samt förfarande för framställning därav
PCT/SE1998/000524 WO1998044050A1 (fr) 1997-03-27 1998-03-20 Melange de constituants, produit multicouche et procede de fabrication correspondant

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0971983A1 true EP0971983A1 (fr) 2000-01-19

Family

ID=20406374

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98912850A Withdrawn EP0971983A1 (fr) 1997-03-27 1998-03-20 Melange de constituants, produit multicouche et procede de fabrication correspondant

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0971983A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU6753898A (fr)
CA (1) CA2283836A1 (fr)
NO (1) NO994645L (fr)
SE (1) SE511590C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998044050A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19908110A1 (de) 1999-02-25 2000-08-31 Alcatel Sa Element mit extrudierter Umhüllung
WO2006123975A1 (fr) * 2005-05-17 2006-11-23 St. Jude Medical Ab Tube elastomere et son procede de fabrication

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3847728A (en) * 1972-05-31 1974-11-12 Toyo Seikan Kaisha Ltd Resinous compositions having improved gas permeation resistance and molded structures thereof
US4410482A (en) * 1979-03-06 1983-10-18 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours & Co. Process for making laminar articles of polyolefin and a condensation polymer
US5399619A (en) * 1993-08-24 1995-03-21 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Laminar articles from a polyolefin matrix, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers and a compatibilizer
FI96933C (fi) * 1994-02-28 1996-09-25 Optatech Oy Monikerroksiset polymeerikalvot ja menetelmä niiden valmistamiseksi
EP0757073B1 (fr) * 1995-07-31 2004-10-27 General Electric Company Compositions de polymères ignifuges

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9844050A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE9701167D0 (sv) 1997-03-27
AU6753898A (en) 1998-10-22
NO994645D0 (no) 1999-09-24
CA2283836A1 (fr) 1998-10-08
SE511590C2 (sv) 1999-10-25
WO1998044050A1 (fr) 1998-10-08
SE9701167L (sv) 1998-09-28
NO994645L (no) 1999-09-24

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