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EP0971365B1 - Appareil d'extrusion, chauffage et solidification de déchets combustibles de faible niveau de radioactivité - Google Patents

Appareil d'extrusion, chauffage et solidification de déchets combustibles de faible niveau de radioactivité Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0971365B1
EP0971365B1 EP19980112545 EP98112545A EP0971365B1 EP 0971365 B1 EP0971365 B1 EP 0971365B1 EP 19980112545 EP19980112545 EP 19980112545 EP 98112545 A EP98112545 A EP 98112545A EP 0971365 B1 EP0971365 B1 EP 0971365B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating
extruding
wastes
rotary press
radioactive wastes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19980112545
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0971365A1 (fr
Inventor
Moon Soo Cho
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hankuk Fiber Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Hankuk Fiber Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hankuk Fiber Co Ltd filed Critical Hankuk Fiber Co Ltd
Priority to EP19980112545 priority Critical patent/EP0971365B1/fr
Priority to DE69821471T priority patent/DE69821471T2/de
Publication of EP0971365A1 publication Critical patent/EP0971365A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0971365B1 publication Critical patent/EP0971365B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/008—Apparatus specially adapted for mixing or disposing radioactively contamined material
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/28—Treating solids
    • G21F9/30—Processing
    • G21F9/308—Processing by melting the waste

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an apparatus for treating combustible solid radioactive wastes which are classified into low-level radioactive wastes produced from nuclear power plants(NPPs). More particularly, this invention relates to an apparatus for heating-extruding and solidifying low level radioactive wastes, such as vinyl, clothing and scraps.
  • the apparatus of this invention minimizes the amount of the offgas produced by the low temperature operation and the rebound effect which is again inflated after pressing combustible wastes. Also, the apparatus of this invention filters and neutralizes the offgas, and prevents the radionuclides from being discharged into air.
  • the low level wastes refer to tools, gloves, overshoes, decontamination paper, mopper, protection clothes, PVC Sheets, spent resin such as ion-exchange resin, and sludge which are used for operating and maintaining nuclear reactors.
  • Polyethylene sheets, polyvinylchloride sheets, nylon sheets and polyester-cotton are pressed and should be kept safely for preventing radionuclide from being leaked.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus, as set forth in claims 1-7, for heating-extruding and solidifying low level radioactive wastes, such as vinyl, protection clothes and scraps, wherein the amount of the offgas produced by low temperature operation and rebound effect is minimized, the inflation being produced after pressing combustible wastes, the offgas being filtered and neutralized
  • low level radioactive wastes are inserted into an hopper.
  • the wastes are heated and extruded.
  • the heated and extruded wastes are heated and pressed by a rotary press which is capable of producing several solidified wastes. And then, the rotary press cools and solidifies the wastes, whereby the rebound effect caused by a press process is restrained to the highest degree.
  • the heat-pressed wastes are separated by a rotary pusher and then transferred into a disposal drum by use of a conveyor. Then, the packed drum are kept in interim storage.
  • Poisonous gas produced during the heating-extruding and heating-pressing process is inhaled into an inhalation duct by the use of an inhalation fan, filtered by a HEPA filter, and neutralized in a scrubber, thereby solving the air pollution problems.
  • the amount of offgas produced during the heating-extruding process and the rotary press process is a little. However, of the offgas more than 99% is hydrogen chloride(HCl) gas.
  • the HCl gas is produced when PVC is decomposed into. Therefore, the amount of HCl gas can be extremely decreased by an operation below 150°C at which PVC starts to be decomposed into HCl gas.
  • Fig. 1 shows a whole process flow diagram for heat-pressing and solidifying combustible low level radioactive wastes of this invention.
  • an apparatus of this invention for heating-extruding and solidifying combustible low level radioactive wastes includes hopper 2 and a heating-extruding axis 3.
  • the heating-extruding axis 3 includes an extruding screw.
  • a heat-medium, i.e. oil supplied from a heat-medium heater 16 is controlled by a temperature controller 19 to have an adequate temperature of 60 to 150°C.
  • the controlled oil temperature is supplied to a cylinder of the heating-extruding axis 3.
  • the outlet of the heating - extruding axis 3 is provided with a rotary press 4 for heat-pressing the heated and extruded wastes.
  • the rotary press 4 is provided with more than three presses for continuously treating the wastes, thus increasing work efficiency.
  • the side wall of the rotary press 4 is provided with a system for performing cooling and heating operation simultaneously.
  • the heat-medium heated from the heat-medium heater 16 is sent through a direction control valve 18 and a temperature controller 19 to the side wall of press.
  • the heat-medium is maintained and circulated at below 150°C, and then is used for heating when the rotary press 4 presses the wastes.
  • cooling water is supplied from a cooling feeder 17 to a heat-medium(oil) cooler 15.
  • the cooling water cools the heat-medium by heat-exchange method.
  • the cooled heat-medium can continuously cool the heat-pressed wastes through the direction control valve 18 and the temperature controller 19.
  • the heat-pressed wastes are rapidly solidified.
  • softened or melted vinyl and other wastes are mixed and extruded at comparatively low temperature, i.e. 60 to 150°C.
  • a electrical heater of band type it's possible to use a electrical heater of band type in heating-extruding and heating-pressing the wastes.
  • the rotary press 4 is provided with a lift pusher 5 for demolding the pressed and solidified wastes.
  • the outlet part of the rotary press 4 is provided with a accumulator 7.
  • the head of the accumulator is provided with a remover 6 for pulling the solidified wastes and carrying the wastes on the accumulator 7.
  • the rotary pusher 5 and remover 6 include a base or removing member attached to the head of the arm of the oil pressure or the air pressure cylinder.
  • the accumulator 7 includes a plurality of rollers disposed uniformly on a sliding roll member.
  • An inhalation duct 10 is disposed on the top of the rotary press, at which location offgas discharged from the inlet of the rotary press 4 and the outlet part of the heating-extruding axis 3 can be inhaled.
  • the inhalation duct 10 is connected to the HEPA filter 11.
  • the outlet of the HEPA filter is connected to the inhalation fan 12 and the outlet of the inhalation fan is connected to a scrubber 13 through leads, respectively.
  • the scrubber 13 includes a circulation water tank 14.
  • the combustible wastes 1 such as PE sheets, PVC sheets, nylon sheets, polyester-cotton are fed through the hopper 2 to the heating-extruding axis 3.
  • the wastes are heated and extruded by the heat-medium heated by the heat-medium heater 16 which is controlled by the temperature controller 19 at the temperature lower than the PVC melting-start temperature of 150°C.
  • the heating and extruding temperature is in the range of 60 to 150°C.
  • the extruded wastes 1 are pressed by the rotary press 4 and heated by the heat-medium which is heated by the heat-medium heater 16 and controlled by the direction control valve 18 and the temperature controller 19.
  • the heat-medium in the heat-medium cooler 15 is heat-exchanged and cooled with the cooling water from the cooling water supplier 17, and the cooled heat-medium, of which temperature is controlled by the temperature controller 19, circulates continuously the heating loop of the side wall, cools and solidify the heat-pressed the wastes very quickly.
  • the molded wastes 8 which are pressed and solidified are pushed by the rotary pusher 5 and carried on the accumulator 7.
  • the molded wastes 8 slide down to the outlet position by the accumulator 7.
  • the wastes, then, are carried to and kept in a storage.
  • the toxic gas 9 produced during the heating-extruding process of the heating-extruding axis and heating process of the rotary press 4 is forcedly drawn into the inhalation duct 10 by the use of inhalation fan 12.
  • the toxic gases 9 is drawn into the HEPA filter 11 and filtered.
  • NaOH solution in the circulation water tank 14 is sprayed into the scrubber 13, thus neutralizing the toxic gases 9.
  • Every process comprising feeding, extruding, pressing, cooling, carrying, and storing is automated.
  • the wastes are exactly weighed in amount when feeded. Trouble is prevented by successive control of each process.
  • Contactless PLC method is used in the apparatus of this invention.
  • Sensors are used in each process.
  • Switches are used to control right position. Control members are used for stopping the operation of the heating-extruding axis in the middle of extruding operation.
  • OR circuits of timer and sensors are used for preventing malfunction and for saving time.
  • Automatic/manual option circuits are used for convenience of working and maintenance, and for the control of the input amount of wastes. Switches are provided for emergent stop operation. Due to the above-mentioned members, the combustible radioactive wastes are solidified more safely and effectively.
  • the inflation is minimized during rotary press process because combustible low-level radioactive wastes go through heating-extruding, heating-pressing and cooling process. Further, low temperature minimizes the toxic gases produced during the heating-extruding and heating-pressing process. The toxic gas is discharged into air after being filtered and neutralized, thus minimizing air pollution.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Appareil d'extrusion, chauffage et solidification de déchets combustibles à faible niveau de radioactivité, comprenant :
    une trémie (2) pour stocker momentanément des déchets radioactifs combustibles ;
    un axe d'extrusion-chauffage (3) comportant une vis d'extrusion, l'axe d'extrusion-chauffage étant muni d'un élément de chauffage à l'endroit de son cylindre ;
    une presse rotative (4) placée à la sortie de l'axe d'extrusion-chauffage (3) pour chauffer et presser les déchets chauffés et extrudés ;
    un système de chauffage (16, 18, 19) placé autour de la presse rotative (4) pour effectuer une opération de chauffage ; et
    un système de refroidissement (15, 17, 18, 19) placé autour de la presse rotative (4) pour effectuer une opération de refroidissement ;
    la presse rotative (4) étant munie d'un poussoir rotatif de type élévateur (5) pour démouler les déchets pressés et solidifiés ;
    un accumulateur (7) entraínant les déchets moulés (8) transportés à l'extérieur de la presse rotative (4) ;
    un extracteur avant et arrière (6) placé à l'avant de l'accumulateur (7) pour tirer les déchets moulés (8) du poussoir élévateur (5) et pour transporter ces déchets moulés (8) vers l'accumulateur (7) ; et
    un conduit d'aspiration (10) disposé à un endroit où le gaz généré à la sortie de l'axe d'extrusion-chauffage (3) et à l'entrée de la presse rotative (4), est aspiré dans le haut de la presse rotative, ce conduit d'aspiration (10) étant connecté à un filtre HEPA (11) par un conduit ;
    la sortie du filtre étant connectée à un ventilateur d'aspiration (12) dont la sortie est connectée à un épurateur (13) ; et
    cet épurateur (13) comportant un réservoir d'eau de circulation (14).
  2. Appareil d'extrusion, chauffage et solidification de déchets combustibles à faible niveau de radioactivité, selon la revendication 1,
    dans lequel
    l'axe d'extrusion-chauffage (3) chauffe et extrude les déchets radioactifs à une température de 60° à 150°C.
  3. Appareil d'extrusion, chauffage et solidification de déchets combustibles à faible niveau de radioactivité, selon la revendication 1,
    dans lequel
    la presse rotative (4) chauffe et presse les déchets à 150°C et au-dessous.
  4. Appareil d'extrusion, chauffage et solidification de déchets combustibles à faible niveau de radioactivité, selon la revendication 1,
    dans lequel
    les systèmes de chauffage et de refroidissement (15) et (19) chauffent, refroidissent et solidifient rapidement, dans la presse rotative (4) les déchets radioactifs qui sont chauffés et extrudés par l'axe d'extrusion-chauffage (3).
  5. Appareil d'extrusion, chauffage et solidification de déchets combustibles à faible niveau de radioactivité, selon la revendication 1,
    dans lequel
    la presse rotative (4) et le poussoir rotatif (5) fournissent successivement des déchets radioactifs, puis chauffent, pressent, solidifient et démoulent plus de quatre déchets moulés.
  6. Appareil d'extrusion, chauffage et solidification de déchets combustibles à faible niveau de radioactivité, selon la revendication 1,
    dans lequel
    le système de chauffage (16, 18, 19) comprend un agent de transfert de chaleur.
  7. Appareil d'extrusion, chauffage et solidification de déchets combustibles à faible niveau de radioactivité, selon la revendication 1,
    dans lequel
    le système de chauffage comprend un dispositif de chauffage électrique de type à bande.
EP19980112545 1998-07-07 1998-07-07 Appareil d'extrusion, chauffage et solidification de déchets combustibles de faible niveau de radioactivité Expired - Lifetime EP0971365B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19980112545 EP0971365B1 (fr) 1998-07-07 1998-07-07 Appareil d'extrusion, chauffage et solidification de déchets combustibles de faible niveau de radioactivité
DE69821471T DE69821471T2 (de) 1998-07-07 1998-07-07 Vorrichtung zum Extrudieren, Erhitzen und Verfestigen von brennbaren, schwach radioaktiven Abfallstoffen

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19980112545 EP0971365B1 (fr) 1998-07-07 1998-07-07 Appareil d'extrusion, chauffage et solidification de déchets combustibles de faible niveau de radioactivité

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0971365A1 EP0971365A1 (fr) 2000-01-12
EP0971365B1 true EP0971365B1 (fr) 2004-02-04

Family

ID=8232230

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19980112545 Expired - Lifetime EP0971365B1 (fr) 1998-07-07 1998-07-07 Appareil d'extrusion, chauffage et solidification de déchets combustibles de faible niveau de radioactivité

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0971365B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69821471T2 (fr)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1589839B1 (de) * 1967-07-15 1971-05-13 Kernforschung Gmbh Ges Fuer Verfahren zum Behandeln radioaktiver oder giftiger Rueckstaende
GB2122803B (en) * 1982-06-24 1986-03-05 Gravatom Projects Limited Treatment of contaminated waste plastics material
FR2621165B1 (fr) * 1987-09-30 1992-10-30 Technicatome Procede de conditionnement de dechets dans des matieres thermoplastiques a bas point de fusion
US5164123A (en) * 1988-07-08 1992-11-17 Waste Seal, Inc. Encapsulation of toxic waste

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69821471T2 (de) 2004-11-25
EP0971365A1 (fr) 2000-01-12
DE69821471D1 (de) 2004-03-11

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