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EP0961030A2 - Lubrification des pistons dans la chambre de bielle d'un compresseur à plateau en biais - Google Patents

Lubrification des pistons dans la chambre de bielle d'un compresseur à plateau en biais Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0961030A2
EP0961030A2 EP99109149A EP99109149A EP0961030A2 EP 0961030 A2 EP0961030 A2 EP 0961030A2 EP 99109149 A EP99109149 A EP 99109149A EP 99109149 A EP99109149 A EP 99109149A EP 0961030 A2 EP0961030 A2 EP 0961030A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
swash plate
pistons
type compressor
crank chamber
plate type
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99109149A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Manabu c/o Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Sugiura
Takahiro Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Hamaoka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toyota Industries Corp
Original Assignee
Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho KK
Toyoda Automatic Loom Works Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho KK, Toyoda Automatic Loom Works Ltd filed Critical Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho KK
Publication of EP0961030A2 publication Critical patent/EP0961030A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/08—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B27/10—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders
    • F04B27/1036—Component parts, details, e.g. sealings, lubrication
    • F04B27/1081—Casings, housings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/08—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B27/0873—Component parts, e.g. sealings; Manufacturing or assembly thereof
    • F04B27/0878—Pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2203/00—Non-metallic inorganic materials
    • F05C2203/08—Ceramics; Oxides
    • F05C2203/0804—Non-oxide ceramics
    • F05C2203/0856—Sulfides
    • F05C2203/086—Sulfides of molybdenum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2251/00—Material properties
    • F05C2251/14—Self lubricating materials; Solid lubricants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2253/00—Other material characteristics; Treatment of material
    • F05C2253/12—Coating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a swash plate type compressor. More particularly, it relates to an improvement in the construction for preventing the pistons from rotating about their own axes.
  • a swash plate type compressor which is used mainly for an air-conditioning of a vehicle, is constructed in the following manner.
  • a housing which covers an inner end surface of a cylinder block, forms a crank chamber.
  • a swash plate which is mounted on a driving shaft, works cooperatively with single-headed pistons by way of shoes.
  • a variable capacity type compressor in the swash plate type compressors.
  • Such a variable capacity type compressor is provided with a swash plate which is inclinable about the axis of the driving shaft.
  • Such a swash plate type compressor is also used for an air-conditioning of a vehicle. Accordingly, in the swash plate type compressor, it is a main stream that the housing, the cylinder block, the swash plate and the pistons are made of aluminum alloys because of the insatiable light-weight requirement.
  • anti-wear and anti-seizure measures have been investigated for the sliding surfaces between the swash plate and the shoes, and for the sliding surfaces between the pistons and the bores which are forced to be under the severe sliding conditions.
  • a fluororesin film is formed an the sliding surface of the piston, and that a solid lubricant film is formed on the sliding surfaces of the swash plate.
  • the single-headed pistons undergo the linear reciprocating movement which is transformed from the rotary movement of the swash plate by way of the shoes, and simultaneously receive an angular moment which results from the frictional force produced between themselves and the shoes. Namely, the pistons undergo the rotation. Accordingly, the pistons are brought into contact with the inner peripheral wall of the crank chamber at their interference surfaces which are disposed at their rears for inhibiting the rotation. Consequently, the pistons are inhibited from autorotating (or turning).
  • a first aspect of the present invention can carry out the object, and is a swash plate type compressor, comprising:
  • the lubricant film is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the crank chamber, and exhibits good lubricant performance. Accordingly, the lubricant film inhibits the interference surfaces of the pistons, which are brought into contact with it in a non-lubricating manner, from being seizured. In this instance, the lubricant film is very advantageous over the case where the respective interference surfaces of the pistons are subjected to a certain surface treatment, because the multi-cylinder compressor usually uses the pistons in a large quantity of from 5 to 7. Moreover, the lubricant film produces an extra effect of sound-shielding the crank chamber additionally.
  • the lubricant film includes a solid lubricant.
  • the lubricant film includes the solid lubricant, such as molybdenum disulfide, as a film constituent element as aforementioned, it produces the advantages more effectively.
  • the lubricant film is formed by a transfer method.
  • an area of the inner peripheral wall of the crank chamber, which faces the interference surface of one of said pistons, is dented at a middle in a peripheral direction of the crank chamber so that an oil groove, which extends in an axial direction of the crank chamber, is formed.
  • a lubricating oil is usually dissipated by the centrifugal force which results from the rotation of the swash plate.
  • the lubricating oil flows into the oil groove by way of a space which is formed between the inner peripheral wall and the interference surface of one of the pistons which is free from the contact with the inner peripheral wall.
  • the lubricating oil flows into the oil groove in the axial direction.
  • the dissipated lubricating oil is thus stored altogether in the oil groove.
  • the lubrication can be provided securely at the portions where the constituent members are brought into contact with each other and slid mutually.
  • Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a variable capacity swash plate type compressor.
  • Fig. 2 is a front view of a single-headed piston of the compressor.
  • Fig. 3 is a side view for illustrating an interference surface which is formed in the piston to inhibit the piston from autorotating.
  • a cylinder block 10 is covered by a front housing 11 at the front end, and is covered by a rear housing 13 at the rear end by way of a valve plate 12.
  • the cylinder block 10, the front housing 11, the valve plate 12 and the rear housing 13 are fastened by through bolts.
  • the cylinder block 10 and the front housing 11 form a crank chamber 14.
  • a driving shaft 15 is accommodated so that it extends in an axial direction of the crank chamber 14.
  • the driving shat 15 is supported rotatably by radial bearings.
  • the cylinder block 10 is provided with a plurality of bores 16 around the driving shaft 15.
  • a plurality of pistons 17 are disposed in the bores 16 so as to be able to reciprocate.
  • a rotor 20 is connected with the driving shaft 15 so that it synchronously rotates together with the driving shaft 15.
  • a thrust bearing is disposed between the rotor 20 and the front housing 11.
  • a swash plate 18 is mounted on the driving shaft 15 behind the rotor 20.
  • a pressing spring 21 is interposed between the rotor 20 and the swash plate 18, so that the swash plate 18 is always urged toward the rear.
  • a sliding surface 18a is formed on the opposite sides, and is disposed on the outer peripheral side.
  • the sliding surfaces 18a contact with shoes 19, 19.
  • the shoes 19, 19 are engaged with semi-sphere-shaped seats 17c, 17c which are formed in the pistons 17.
  • a hinge mechanism "K" which operates relatively with respect to the swash plate 18, is disposed.
  • the swash plate 18 is fitted with the driving shaft 15 by way of a dogleg-shaped through hole 18b.
  • the cylinder block 10, the front housing 11 (hereinafter simply referred to as a "housing') and the pistons 17 are made by using an aluminum-based metal, for example, a supereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy.
  • the piston 17 includes a sliding surface 17a and a dent 17b.
  • the sliding surface 17a is disposed at the head of the piston 17, has a predetermined fitting length, and is fitted into one of the bores 16.
  • the dent 17b is disposed at the rear of the piston 17, and sits astride the swash plate 18.
  • an interference surface 17d is formed so as to inhibit the piston 17 from autorotating.
  • the interference surface 17d has a large radius of curvature, and is disposed so as to face an inner peripheral wall 14a of the crank chamber 14 (specifically, a surface of a lubricant film "C” later described) while providing a clearance "S" between itself and the inner peripheral wall 14a.
  • a major feature of the present invention a surface treatment of the housing 11, will be hereinafter described.
  • the crank chamber 14 is formed in the housing 11,
  • a lubricant film “C” is formed on the inner peripheral wall 14a of the housing 11.
  • the lubricant film “C” is made by coating a film material "C” on the inner peripheral wall 14a and thereafter by heating and curing it thereon.
  • the film material "C” is composed of molybdenum disulfide, graphite and an uncured thermosetting resin.
  • the molybdenum disulfide and the graphite are selected as solid lubricants.
  • the uncured thermosetting resin is selected as a binder, and can be polyamide, etc.
  • the film material it is possible to use a low-friction resin or mixtures of the low-friction resin and a solid lubricant, hard metallic particles or ceramic particles.
  • the coating can be carried out by a simple spraying method.
  • the coating can preferably be carried out by a printing technique (or a roller-transfer method) as hereinafter described.
  • Fig. 4 is a diagram for illustrating a transfer apparatus.
  • the transfer apparatus includes a transfer roller 51, a comma-shaped roller 52 and a scraper 53.
  • the transfer roller 51 is disposed rotatably in the direction of the arrow of the drawing.
  • the comma-shaped roller 52 is disposed above the transfer roller 51 so that a predetermined clearance is provided between itself and the transfer roller 51, and is adapted for controlling a film thickness.
  • the scraper 53 is disposed away from the comma-shaped roller 52 on the rear side thereof in the rotary direction of the transfer roller 51.
  • These constituent members have an axial length which is applicable to the stroke of the interference surfaces 17d of the pistons 17.
  • 54 designates a dispenser which is adapted for supplying the film material "C" to a space between the comma-shaped roller 52 and the scraper 53.
  • a housing workpiece 11w is detachably mounted to a driving means (not shown) which rotates in the direction opposite to the rotary direction of the transfer roller 51 at a speed which is synchronous to the speed of the transfer roller 51.
  • the driving means can advance and retract in the axial direction, and can move in the directions of the arrows "A" and "B" of Fig. 4.
  • the housing workpiece 11w mounted to the driving means, is first moved in the axial direction. Accordingly, the transfer roller 51 is introduced into the crank chamber 14 up to a predetermined position. Then, the housing workpiece 11w is moved in the direction of the arrow "A" of Fig. 4. Consequently, the inner peripheral wall 14a of the crank chamber 14 contacts with the transfer roller 51 as illustrated in the drawing. Whilst, the film material "C" is supplied between the comma-shaped roller 52 and the scraper 53 by the dispenser 54.
  • the film material "C” is transferred as the transfer roller 51 rotates, and is then adjusted to a predetermined film thickness by the comma-shaped roller 52. Thereafter, the film material "C” is applied (or transferred) to the inner peripheral wall 14a of the crank chamber 14 of the housing workpiece 11w.
  • the housing workpiece 11w is moved in the direction of the arrow "B" of Fig. 4 simultaneously with the interruption of the supply of the film material "C”. Then, the housing workpiece 11w is retracted in the axial direction. Consequently, the transfer roller 51 is gotten out of the crank chamber 14 relatively. After the housing workpiece 11w is dismounted from the driving means, it is subjected to the subsequent drying and burning processes.
  • a lubricant film “C” is formed on the inner peripheral wall 14a of the crank chamber 14, and is closely adhered thereon. If required, the lubricant film “C” is wounded so that the dimensional accuracy is adjusted.
  • the thickness of the lubricant film “C” can preferably fall in the range of from 5 to 200 ⁇ m, further preferably from 20 to 70 ⁇ m.
  • the lubricant film "C" is thus formed on the inner peripheral wall 14a of the crank chamber 14, and is composed of the solid lubricants which are good in the wear resistance and the seizure resistance. Accordingly, even when the pistons 17 autorotates (or turns), the interference surfaces 17d contact smoothly with the lubricant film "C". As a result, it is possible to inhibit the pistons 17 from turning.
  • Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 illustrate a modified version of the preferred embodiment.
  • the areas of the inner peripheral wall 14a of the crank chamber 14, which face the interference surfaces 17d of the pistons 17, are dented at their middles in a peripheral direction of the crank chamber 14. Consequently, there are formed oil grooves 14b which extend in an axial direction of the crank chamber 14.
  • the oil grooves 14b can be formed by an as-cast surface which appears when the housing 11 is formed by casting.
  • the configuration of the oil grooves 14b can be varied as the specific occasion may demand.
  • the lubricating oil 18 flows in the direction of the arrow "Q" of the drawing into the oil groove 14b by way of a space which is formed between the inner peripheral wall 14a (specifically, the surface of the lubricant film "C") and the interference surface 17d of the piston 17 which is free from the contact with the inner peripheral wall 14a.
  • the lubricating oil is usually dissipated by the centrifugal force which results from the rotation of the swash plate 18. At the same time, the lubricating oil flows into the oil groove 14b in an axial direction of the crank chamber 14.
  • the dissipated lubricating oil is thus stored altogether in the oil groove 14b.
  • the oil storage function of the oil grooves 14b provides the lubrication securely at the portions where the inner peripheral wall 14a of the crank chamber 14 and the interference surfaces 17d of the pistons 17 are substantially brought into contact with each other and slid mutually.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
EP99109149A 1998-05-28 1999-05-08 Lubrification des pistons dans la chambre de bielle d'un compresseur à plateau en biais Withdrawn EP0961030A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP14743998 1998-05-28
JP10147439A JPH11336658A (ja) 1998-05-28 1998-05-28 斜板式圧縮機

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0961030A2 true EP0961030A2 (fr) 1999-12-01

Family

ID=15430371

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99109149A Withdrawn EP0961030A2 (fr) 1998-05-28 1999-05-08 Lubrification des pistons dans la chambre de bielle d'un compresseur à plateau en biais

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0961030A2 (fr)
JP (1) JPH11336658A (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1138944A3 (fr) * 2000-02-04 2003-07-02 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki Guidage d'un piston dans un compresseur
EP1113171A3 (fr) * 1999-12-29 2003-11-26 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Compresseur à déplacement variable avec structure de piston anti-rotation

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012013049A (ja) * 2010-07-05 2012-01-19 Sinlin Automotive Co Ltd 可変容量斜板式圧縮機

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1113171A3 (fr) * 1999-12-29 2003-11-26 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Compresseur à déplacement variable avec structure de piston anti-rotation
EP1138944A3 (fr) * 2000-02-04 2003-07-02 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki Guidage d'un piston dans un compresseur

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH11336658A (ja) 1999-12-07

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