EP0953654A1 - Procédé et dispositif de cémentation gazeuse - Google Patents
Procédé et dispositif de cémentation gazeuse Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0953654A1 EP0953654A1 EP99108094A EP99108094A EP0953654A1 EP 0953654 A1 EP0953654 A1 EP 0953654A1 EP 99108094 A EP99108094 A EP 99108094A EP 99108094 A EP99108094 A EP 99108094A EP 0953654 A1 EP0953654 A1 EP 0953654A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ethanol
- carbon dioxide
- atmosphere
- carburizing
- carbon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- OSQPUMRCKZAIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide;ethanol Chemical compound CCO.O=C=O OSQPUMRCKZAIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/20—Carburising
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for carburizing metallic workpieces in a furnace at high temperatures and in an atmosphere containing CO and H 2 , in which the atmosphere is formed by reacting an oxygen-containing hydrocarbon medium, in particular an alcohol, with carbon dioxide.
- the invention proposes that the atmosphere is specially formed on the basis of ethanol and carbon dioxide and the arrival or Depletion of the atmosphere, i.e. the setting of a certain carbon level, by adjusting the stoichiometric ratio accordingly of ethanol and carbon dioxide.
- this primarily results in an atmosphere formation reaction in accordance with C 2 H 5 OH + CO 2 ---> 3 CO + 3 H 2 .
- the accumulation or reaction of the water and carbon dioxide produced in the carburizing process which is usually achieved by CH 4 or C 3 H 8 , is achieved according to the invention by adjusting the stoichiometric ratio of ethanol and carbon dioxide, because an excess of ethanol results in 2 C 2 H 5 OH + 1 CO 2 ---> CH 4 + 2 CO + 2 CO + 4 H 2 also a methane content in the product gas, which takes over the task of the enrichment gas, which is otherwise supplied independently.
- the preparation of an enrichment gas is therefore not necessary in the method according to the invention.
- an atmospheric gas with a CO to H 2 ratio of exactly 1: 1 is produced, which primarily serves to accelerate carburization.
- the ethanol-carbon dioxide system with regard to its reaction properties offers favorable conditions. It already reacts at about 800 ° C in the desired manner and ethanol and carbon dioxide can therefore - according a preferred process variant - for atmospheric formation without further measures directly into a carburizing furnace. A practice with a standalone atmosphere generator can still work in some Applications may be required.
- the system "ethanol and carbon dioxide” also results in a two-component system, that is comparatively easy to regulate.
- the procedure is such that the carbon level in the carburizing furnace is measured continuously and the adjustment of the stoichiometric ratio of ethanol and changing carbon dioxide according to the desired carbon level.
- Atmospheric formation one component is constantly fed into the system, and the other, depending on a carbon level measurement, supplied in a controlled manner becomes.
- a carburizing plant according to the invention is characterized in that the associated carburizing furnace for the purpose of atmosphere formation only an ethanol source (A) and a carbon dioxide source (C) served and therefore with this is connected, and that a measuring device (M) for measuring the carbon level is present in the furnace, which in turn has a quantity control unit in the ethanol feed line and / or the carbon dioxide feed line is connected.
- the invention is explained in more detail below in connection with the attached figure using an exemplary embodiment.
- the figure shows a system design according to the invention with regulated CO 2 supply.
- a carburizing furnace O is first to be coupled to an ethanol source A and to a carbon dioxide source C via suitable lines and actuators.
- the ethanol supply consists of an ethanol pump P and a line 1, which opens into a atomization unit V before reaching the carburizing furnace.
- a carbon dioxide feed line 2d likewise opens into the atomization unit.
- the carbon dioxide feed line 2d divides upstream of the atomization unit V into a parallel circuit section with two lines 2b and 2c, in each of which there is an actuator - S1 and S2 - for quantity control.
- the parallel connection is connected to the CO 2 source C via a line section 2a and a main valve H.
- the carburizing furnace O is equipped with a measuring device M for measuring the carbon level in its interior.
- the measuring device M in turn is connected to a control device S, which in turn acts on the actuator S2 in the bypass line 2c of the parallel connection.
- a procedure according to the invention of this system consists in that the starting media ethanol and carbon dioxide are introduced in certain basic quantities into the furnace O which is at a temperature and which are determined by suitable adjustment of the pumping power of the ethanol pump P and of the actuator S1.
- the feed quantities are to be set so that one mole of ethanol comes to one mole of CO 2 , with an excess of ethanol generally being provided in the variant shown.
- an atmosphere containing essentially 1: 1 CO and H 2 is formed from these starting media, the carbon level of which is determined by the measuring device M, for example an oxygen probe or a C-flow probe. Since in the described case, in principle an excess of ethanol is used, a relatively high C level arises in the basic setting of the system.
- the correspondingly programmed control device S triggers the opening of the actuator S2 and thus increases the CO 2 supply. As a result, the C level drops until, when a lower limit to be defined is reached, actuator S2 is closed again. In this way, a relatively simple, extremely efficient, C-level controlled carburizing atmosphere is obtained.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19819042A DE19819042A1 (de) | 1998-04-28 | 1998-04-28 | Verfahren und Anlage zum Gasaufkohlen |
| DE19819042 | 1998-04-28 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0953654A1 true EP0953654A1 (fr) | 1999-11-03 |
| EP0953654B1 EP0953654B1 (fr) | 2003-09-17 |
Family
ID=7866092
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99108094A Expired - Lifetime EP0953654B1 (fr) | 1998-04-28 | 1999-04-23 | Procédé et dispositif de cémentation gazeuse |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0953654B1 (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE250153T1 (fr) |
| DE (2) | DE19819042A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2939448A1 (fr) * | 2008-12-09 | 2010-06-11 | Air Liquide | Procede de production d'une atmosphere gazeuse pour le traitement des metaux. |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0040094A1 (fr) * | 1980-05-12 | 1981-11-18 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Procédé de carburation par des atmosphères produites à partir d'un mélange azote-éthanol |
| DE3224607A1 (de) * | 1982-07-01 | 1984-01-05 | Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden | Verfahren zum einsatzhaerten und kohlungsneutralen gluehen metallischer werkstuecke |
| US4950334A (en) * | 1986-08-12 | 1990-08-21 | Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Gas carburizing method and apparatus |
| DE4340060C1 (de) * | 1993-11-24 | 1995-04-20 | Linde Ag | Verfahren zum Gasaufkohlen |
| EP0859068A1 (fr) * | 1997-02-18 | 1998-08-19 | Dowa Mining Co., Ltd. | Méthode et appareillage pour contrÔler l'atmosphère d'un four de traitement thermique |
-
1998
- 1998-04-28 DE DE19819042A patent/DE19819042A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-04-23 EP EP99108094A patent/EP0953654B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-23 AT AT99108094T patent/ATE250153T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-04-23 DE DE59906984T patent/DE59906984D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0040094A1 (fr) * | 1980-05-12 | 1981-11-18 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Procédé de carburation par des atmosphères produites à partir d'un mélange azote-éthanol |
| DE3224607A1 (de) * | 1982-07-01 | 1984-01-05 | Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden | Verfahren zum einsatzhaerten und kohlungsneutralen gluehen metallischer werkstuecke |
| US4950334A (en) * | 1986-08-12 | 1990-08-21 | Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Gas carburizing method and apparatus |
| DE4340060C1 (de) * | 1993-11-24 | 1995-04-20 | Linde Ag | Verfahren zum Gasaufkohlen |
| EP0859068A1 (fr) * | 1997-02-18 | 1998-08-19 | Dowa Mining Co., Ltd. | Méthode et appareillage pour contrÔler l'atmosphère d'un four de traitement thermique |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2939448A1 (fr) * | 2008-12-09 | 2010-06-11 | Air Liquide | Procede de production d'une atmosphere gazeuse pour le traitement des metaux. |
| WO2010066979A1 (fr) * | 2008-12-09 | 2010-06-17 | L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Procede de production d'une atmosphere gazeuse pour le traitement des metaux |
| US8679264B2 (en) | 2008-12-09 | 2014-03-25 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Method for producing a gaseous atmosphere for treating metals |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE250153T1 (de) | 2003-10-15 |
| EP0953654B1 (fr) | 2003-09-17 |
| DE19819042A1 (de) | 1999-11-04 |
| DE59906984D1 (de) | 2003-10-23 |
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