EP0951941A2 - Apparatus for spraying liquid material - Google Patents

Abstract

The atomising device has a rotatable hollow bell body (1) to create the mist, with a distribution chamber (3) and a peripheral atomising edge (4), a supply tube (8) to the distribution chamber and a drive module (5) with drive shaft (7) on an axis (6) for the bell body. The distribution chamber is toroid and has rotational symmetry. It is open towards the drive module and closed on the opposite side. The distribution chamber has a pre-distribution chamber (9) opposite the drive module in the axial direction.

Description

The invention relates to a device for atomizing liquid material, especially wet enamel or dissolved Paints with a hollow rotatable bell body, the one Distribution chamber and a peripheral atomizer edge has for Material guidance and generation of a fog from which the Material on an object, especially one to be coated Workpiece or the like. Can be applied, a conveyor pipe or the like. To supply material to the distribution chamber, and with a drive module with a movable about an axis of rotation Drive shaft with which the bell body in an axial Rotation is displaceable.

Such known devices are used in particular in the Coating objects with solvent and water-soluble Paint using an additional electrostatic Field used.

In particular, the atomization of various is known Emails such as basic DWE, clean email, pyrolysis and catalysis email by such a device in which the rotatable Bell body to the opposite of the drive module Side expands and the liquid material through the hollow Bell body guided and on the front edge of the bell is atomized. Since in this known device Principle of unpressurized material feed before the atomizer The material can be used relatively easily towards the coating surfaces applied and a more uniform Coating can be achieved. However, the disadvantage is especially for enamels and glazes with a high quartz content in the partial spectrum, especially in the area of the atomizer edge very high wear as well as spiral formation in the Distribution chamber-related inhomogeneities of the atomizer mist.

DE 41 22 594 C2 describes an adjustable device Feeding a liquid material from a storage container to at least one atomizer, especially for enamel and Glaze coating known. By the known device it is possible to use liquid coating materials such as enamel, Spray glaze and varnish, the material constantly in Flow is maintained, and the amount offered to the sprayer is kept constant and the coating materials very abrasive when liquid, ready for atomization act to offer as little target as possible. As However, atomizers are electrostatic spray guns provided in which a valve needle moves to the open position and thus clears the way of the material for atomization.

The object of the present invention is a device of the type mentioned at the outset to create a good one Atomization of the material, especially wet enamel allows low wear.

This object is achieved in a device of the type mentioned at the outset, essentially solved by that the distribution chamber is rotationally symmetrical like a toroid trained and open to the drive module and opposite side is closed.

In the device according to the invention, the mixing and Guiding as well as spraying the material with very little Atomizer pressure take place, so that with little wear soft cloud of atomized material is created, causing the coated surface much smoother and more even compared to conventional electrostatic nozzles.

The device according to the invention enables an increased Yield of material for Direct-Grund, -Deck and Clean-Email as well 2 Coat / 1Fire orders. This is also one in particular Reduction in the number of atomizer bells to be used accessible per area / minute.

Due to the lower atomizer pressure and the corresponding The compressed air buffer in front of the coating object is built, reduced so that almost all parts of the object to be coated automatically can be coated. In addition, the very low atomizing pressure also the exhaust air sink rate up to about 0.2 - 0.25 in a spray booth that may be used m / sec. diminishes, thereby saving considerable Energy and constructive measures for the exhaust and supply air designs the spray booths is reached.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the Distribution chamber one the drive module in the axial direction oppositely arranged pre-distribution chamber, with in Area of an axial shaft receiving opening arranged central pre-distribution surfaces, preferably a concave curve Pre-distribution floor and in the direction of the drive module extending peripheral distribution surfaces. To the peripheral Distribution areas close in the direction of the Drive module outlet surfaces, preferably with an in axial direction towards the drive module increasing discharge radius and convex curved accelerator surfaces, which in which the minimum peripheral distance of the bell body to Override the atomizer edge that defines the drive module. In order to is a homogeneous mixture and spiral-free guidance of the Material in the distribution chamber with significantly reduced Wear reached. The lower wear enables one increased service life of the device and thus a reduction the relative investment cost.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention is a continuous transition from the discharge surfaces to the atomizer edge provided, whereby the wear in particular can be further reduced in this area. Prefers the outlet surfaces have an inner exit angle from about 0 - 15 °.

A further reduction in wear and a softer one Atomizing mist is also obtained when the accelerator surfaces on the atomizer edge essentially perpendicular to the axis of rotation run.

For the most homogeneous mixing and management of the Material, especially without spiral formation, is the distribution chamber the device of the invention designed so that the transition from the peripheral distribution areas to the Outlet areas at about half the linear extent of the Distribution chamber is provided parallel to the axis of rotation.

This purpose also serves that the Vorverteilboden a can have parabolic curvature.

In a further embodiment, the pre-distribution floor a concave bevel of about 0 ° to 10 ° to one have perpendicular to the axis of rotation.

This can also improve material management and distribution be that the pre-distribution surfaces are linear are and an acute distribution angle to the axis of rotation 0 - 12 °.

For improved absorption of the material in the distribution chamber it can be advantageous if the pre-distribution surfaces have a Form a concave inner free area for material feed.

The feed pipe has one of one for the material supply Bore or the like. In the drive module or possibly in a Drive module receiving bracket formed feed section. One can extend to the pre-distribution floor linear end portion of the delivery pipe may be provided. Of the End section is in particular parallel or with a pointed one opposite side to the drive module Angle oriented with respect to the axis of rotation. Possibly is in the transition area between the feed and end section Redirection provided.

For easy assembly or disassembly of the delivery pipe this by means of a on the drive module opposite the bell body attached with screws or the like attachable, which is a through opening for the drive shaft having.

For a better redirection of the rotating bell body sprayed material in axially opposite to the drive module To reach the direction are on the drive module in the peripheral area of the bell body several, preferably First outlet openings arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation to create an axial inner air ring provided with preferably regulated compressed air can be opened. A pressure of about 0.1 to 10 bar, in particular from 0.5 to 5.5 bar is preferred.

To create an outer air ring with which the material flow can be redirected even better are on the drive module at a radial distance from the first outlet openings several, preferably concentric to the axis of rotation arranged second outlet openings provided. These are preferably parallel or at an acute angle to Rotation axis of about 0 - 40 ° oriented and preferably regulated compressed air of about 0.1 to 10 bar, in particular loadable from 0.5 to 2.5 bar.

For guiding the sprayed material and in particular for Avoiding a backlog in the outer area of the bell body, is this with a different from the atomizer edge, preferably with a flat angle to the axis of rotation of preferably extending approximately 80 ° away from the drive module bevelled guide surface for air guidance. In A larger distance from the drive module can be pass over parallel end section.

For easier assembly and disassembly of the bell body this detachable with the axial shaft opening on the Drive shaft, preferably at an increasing distance to the drive module tapering cone part on the drive shaft arranged sitting.

If the pre-distribution surfaces are essentially concentric to the The lateral surface of the cone is arranged in a simple manner Way a free area for the material in the pre-distribution chamber educated.

To generate a suitable kinetic energy of the Materials is the bell body of the invention Device rotatable at high revolutions, whereby a Range on the order of approximately 12,000 to 24,000 Revolutions / minute is preferred.

A very high application efficiency of approx. 75 - 85% each according to the range of parts of the material, if the bell body with high voltage, especially from 10 - 110 kV can be applied.

To ensure low wear, it is beneficial if the bell body is from a material abrasion resistant plastic or metal, e.g. Teflon, stainless steel, anodized or hard chrome-plated aluminum or the like.

A particularly soft fog with little wear one if at least the distribution chamber, especially the Run-out areas and the acceleration areas and / or the Have a highly polished surface.

In a particularly environmentally friendly embodiment of the Invention is at least the bell body in a spray booth arranged, the material feed through the Adjustable conveyor tube, preferably with electro-pneumatic Actuator means from outside the spray booth.

To achieve a homogeneous coating by superimposing spray patterns to achieve, the drive module can be executed of oscillation movement or the like on a particular one vertical lifting device, with a preferably stepless controllable lifting speed can be arranged.

For in particular automatic control of the invention Device, in particular for monitoring the rotation of the Bell body and / or the pressurized air and / or of the ostilation movements, is possibly outside the Electronic control device located in the spray booth with preferably electro-pneumatic actuation means intended.

In the device according to the invention can be chosen the bell size, especially the bell diameter, the can preferably be between 40 and 100 cm, the Rotation speed, high voltage and pressure of the the inner or possibly outer air ring producing compressed air the properties of the atomizer mist, especially what the Amount of material that can be applied and the spatial distribution of the atomizer mist affects.

Further goals, features, advantages and possible applications the invention result from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. In doing so all described and / or illustrated features for itself or in any combination the subject of Invention also regardless of its summary in individual claims or their relationship.

Fig. 1

schematisch im Querschnitt eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Zerstäuben,

Fig. 2

einen Glockenkörper einer weiteren Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung.

Show it:

Fig. 1

schematically in cross section an inventive device for atomization,

Fig. 2

a bell body of a further embodiment of the device according to the invention.

The device for atomizing liquid material, in particular wet enamel or dissolved paints or the like mainly used for coating workpieces or the like and essentially has a hollow bell body 1 Material guidance and generation of a fog from which the Material can be applied to an object, as well as a Conveyor pipe 8 or the like for supplying material from a storage container into a distribution chamber 3 inside the bell body 1 and a drive module 5. The drive module 5, the for example, consists of a turbine, has one around Rotation axis 6 movable drive shaft 7 with which the Bell body 1 can be set in axial rotation. The The liquid material is atomized at the edge of the atomizer 4 of the bell body 1. In the case of the invention The distribution chamber 3 is toroidally rotationally symmetrical trained and open to the drive module 5 and opposite side closed.

The distribution chamber 3 also has a drive module 5 in Pre-distribution chamber arranged opposite to the axial direction 9 on. This has in the area of the axial shaft opening 2 of the bell body 1 arranged central pre-distribution surfaces 10, a Vorverteilboden 11 and towards the Drive module 5 extending peripheral distribution surfaces 12. The pre-distribution base 11 is preferably concavely curved. in the Connection to the peripheral distribution surfaces 12 are in the direction outlet surfaces 13 adjoining the drive module 5 intended for the liquid material. The outlet radius 14 based on the axis of rotation 6 of the drive shaft 7 takes preferably in the axial direction to the drive module 5. Furthermore, the outlet surfaces 13 are preferably convex curved accelerator surfaces to 15, which in the the minimal peripheral distance of the bell body 1 to Override drive module 5 defining atomizer edge 3. This distance interposes a material-free area Bell body 1 and drive module 5 fixed. The transition from the Outlet surfaces 13 to the atomizer edge 4 are essentially continuously trained. The accelerator surfaces 15 run essentially perpendicular to the atomizer edge 4 to the axis of rotation 6. The transition from the peripheral Distribution surfaces 12 to the outlet surfaces 13 is approximately at the half linear expansion of the distribution chamber 3 in parallel Direction to the axis of rotation 6 is provided.

The delivery pipe 8 with which the liquid material of the distribution chamber 3 is supplied, has a hole in the Drive module 5 or possibly in a drive module 5 receiving bracket 5a formed feed section 19. The material can be the distribution chamber 3 directly or via an adjoining the feed section 19 to to the pre-distribution floor 11 reaching end portion 20 fed become. The end section 20 can be connected to the feed section 19 be welded or riveted and parallel or with one point to the opposite side to the drive module 5 opening angle to the axis of rotation 6 be oriented. In this case is in the transition area between the feed section 19 and end section 20 a deflection is provided.

For assembly or disassembly, the delivery pipe 8 can be by means of a on the drive module 5 opposite the bell body 1 with screws or the like. Attached mounting plate 21 may be attached, which has a passage opening for the drive shaft 7.

The material sprayed by the rotating bell body 1 in the opposite direction axially to the drive module 5 Compressed air deflected, which flows from first outlet openings 16. These outlet openings 16 are in the peripheral region of the Bell body 1 preferably concentric to the axis of rotation 6 arranged and in particular parallel or with a pointed Oriented to the axis of rotation 6. The the outlet openings 16 pressurized compressed air of preferably about 0.1 - 10 bar is preferably regulated and produces an axial inner air ring.

Next are on the drive module 5 at a radial distance of the first outlet openings 16 preferably several concentrically to the axis of rotation 6 arranged second outlet openings 17 provided. To create an axial outer air ring are they with preferably regulated compressed air of about 0.1 - 10 bar, in particular about 0.5 - 2.5 bar and especially parallel or with an acute outer ring air angle δ of preferably 0 - 40 ° to the axis of rotation 6 oriented.

In particular for guiding the deflected by the compressed air atomized material, the bell body 1 has a the atomizer edge 4 with an acute guide angle δ of preferably extending approximately 80 ° away from the drive module 5 bevelled outer guide surface 22. With bigger The distance to the drive module 5 can be in one to the axis of rotation 6 essentially parallel end part 23 pass over.

The bell body is for easy assembly and disassembly 1 with the axial shaft opening 2 releasably on the Drive shaft 7 arranged. This can be one with increasing distance to the drive module 5 tapering cone part 24 have, on which the bell body 1 of the shaft receiving opening 2 sits. In this case, the pre-distribution areas 10 of the pre-distribution chamber 9 substantially parallel to Shell surface of the cone part 24 may be arranged, whereby in the Pre-distribution chamber 9 is a concave inner free area 18 can be trained.

In the embodiment of Fig. 1 is in the pre-distribution floor 11 also has a concave bevel 11a of approximately 0-10 ° provided perpendicular to the axis of rotation 6 with which the Material flow to the peripheral distribution surfaces 12 affected can be.

Fig. 2 illustrates the bell body 1 of another Embodiment of the device according to the invention, in which the Vorverteilboden 11 in a cross-sectional plane in which the Rotation axis 6 lies, has a parabolic curvature.

The pre-distribution surfaces 10a extend essentially linear towards the drive module, with the radial Distance to the axis of rotation 6 decreases, the inner exit angle α of the outlet surfaces 13 about 0 to 15 ° and that of the Distribution surfaces 10a formed with the axis of rotation 6 distribution angle β is approximately 0 to 12 °.

In the device according to the invention, the bell body is 1 rotatable at high revs. A is preferred Range from 12000 to 24000 revolutions per minute. For Deflection of the centrifugal to the axis of rotation 6 from the Bell body emerging in the area of the atomizer edge 4 Material is the bell body 1 with high voltage from in particular about 10 to 110 kV can be applied. The bell body 1 preferably consists of one over that of the liquid material such as enamel, paint or the like Abrasion highly resistant plastic or metal material, such as in particular for example Teflon, stainless steel, anodized or hard chrome-plated aluminum or the like the areas in contact with the liquid material of the bell body 1, at least the distribution chamber 3, in particular the run-out surfaces 13 and the accelerator surfaces 15 and / or the atomizer edge 4 with a highly polished Provide surface.

When operating the device according to the invention usually an object to be coated in a Spray booth. When coating is therefore at least Bell body 1 arranged in the spray booth. A regulated one Material supply, preferably with electro-pneumatic The conveyor tube 8 can then be actuated.

The atomized material forms on one to be coated Subject first a spray pattern. Through an overlay multiple spray patterns will result in a more even coating reached. A superimposition of spray patterns can in particular can be achieved in that the drive module 5 for Execution of oscillation movements or the like on one vertical lifting device, whose lifting speed steplessly controllable.

The device according to the invention is equipped with an electronic Control device for monitoring the rotation of the Bell body 1 and / or the compressed air first and the second outlet openings 16, 17 connected also control the oscillation movements of the drive module 5 can, preferably electro-pneumatic actuators be used. This allows the amount of what is to be applied Material, the spatial distribution of the atomizer mist or the like. According to the requirements of the Affect coating of objects.

Reference list

1

Bell body

2nd

Shaft reception opening

3rd

Distribution chamber

4th

Atomizer edge

5

Drive module

5a

bracket

6

Axis of rotation

7

drive shaft

8th

Conveyor pipe

9

Pre-distribution chamber

10th

Pre-distribution areas

10a

Pre-distribution areas

11

Pre-distribution floor

11a

Bevel

12th

Distribution areas

13

Run-out areas

14

Outlet radius

15

Accelerator surfaces

16

Outlet opening

17th

Outlet opening

18th

Outdoor area

19th

Feed section

20th

End section

21

Mounting plate

22

Leadership area

23

End part

24th

Cone part

α

inner exit angle

β

Distribution angle

γ

Lead angle

δ

outer ring air angle

Claims (25)

Device for atomizing liquid material, in particular wet enamel or dissolved paints or the like, with a rotatable hollow bell body (1) for guiding the material and for producing a mist from which the material can be applied to an object, in particular a workpiece to be coated or the like which has a distribution chamber (3) and a peripheral atomizing edge (4), a delivery pipe (8) or the like for supplying material from a storage container into the distribution chamber (3) and a drive module (5) with a rotation axis (6) Movable drive shaft (7) with which the bell body (1) can be set in axial rotation, characterized in that the distribution chamber (3) is toroidally rotationally symmetrical and is open towards the drive module (5) and closed towards the opposite side. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the distribution chamber (3) has a pre-distribution chamber (9) arranged opposite the drive module (5) in the axial direction, with central pre-distribution surfaces (10, 10a) arranged in the region of an axial shaft receiving opening (2) preferably concave curved pre-distribution base (11) and peripheral distribution surfaces (12) extending in the direction of the drive module (5), and that outlet surfaces (13) adjoin the peripheral distribution surfaces (12) in the direction of the drive module (5), preferably with an outlet radius (14) increasing in the axial direction towards the drive module (5) and convexly curved accelerator surfaces (15) which merge into the atomizer edge (4) which in particular defines the minimum peripheral distance between the bell body (1) and the drive module (5). Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a continuous transition from the outlet surfaces (13) to the atomizer edge (4) is provided. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the outlet surfaces (13) have an internal exit angle (α) of approximately 0 ° to 15 °. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the accelerator surfaces (15) on the atomizer edge (4) run essentially perpendicular to the axis of rotation (6). Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transition from the peripheral distribution surfaces (12) to the outlet surfaces (13) is provided parallel to the axis of rotation (6) at approximately half the linear expansion of the distribution chamber (3). Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pre-distribution base (11) has a parabolic curvature. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pre-distribution base (11) has a concave bevel (11a) of approximately 0 ° to 10 ° with respect to a vertical on the axis of rotation (6). Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pre-distribution surfaces (10) are linear and have an acute distribution angle (β) to the axis of rotation of approximately 0 ° to 12 °. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pre-distribution surfaces (10) form a concave inner free area (18) for the material supply. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conveyor tube (8) has a feed section (19) formed by a bore or the like in the drive module (5) or possibly in a holder (5a) receiving the drive module (5). and optionally has an end section (20) oriented, in particular parallel or with an acute angle to the axis of rotation (6) opening to the side opposite the drive module (5), which extends as far as the pre-distribution base (11), where appropriate in the transition area between the feed section ( 19) and end section (20) a deflection is provided. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conveying tube (8) by means of a fastening plate (21) attached to the drive module (5) opposite the bell body (1) with screws or the like and having a passage opening for the drive shaft (7). is attachable. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the drive module (5) in the peripheral region of the bell body (1) several, preferably arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation (6), in particular parallel or with an acute angle to the axis of rotation (6) First outlet openings (16) are provided, which can be pressurized with preferably regulated compressed air, preferably from about 0.1-10 bar, in particular from 0.5-5.5 bar, to produce an axial inner air ring. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the drive module (5) at a radial distance from the first outlet openings (16) a plurality, preferably arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation (6), in particular in parallel or with an acute angle (

) of approximately 0 - 40 ° to the axis of rotation (6) oriented second outlet openings (17) are provided, which with preferably regulated compressed air of preferably about 0.1 - 10 bar, in particular of about 0.5 - 2.5 bar for generation an axial outer air ring can be acted upon. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bell body (1) extends from the atomizer edge (4), preferably with an acute guide angle (γ) perpendicular to the axis of rotation (6) of preferably approximately 80 ° from the drive module (5 ) extending away bevelled outer guide surface (22) for air guidance. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide surface (22) merges at a greater distance from the drive module (5) into an end part (23) which runs parallel to the axis of rotation (6). Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bell body (1) with the axial shaft receiving opening (2) is detachably on the drive shaft (7), preferably on a cone part (24) which tapers with increasing distance from the drive module (5). the drive shaft (5) is seated. Apparatus according to claim 17, characterized in that the pre-distribution surfaces (10) are arranged essentially parallel to the lateral surface of the cone part (24). Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bell body (1) can be rotated at high revolutions per minute, in particular in a range from approximately 12,000 to 24,000 revolutions / minute. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bell body (1) can be subjected to high voltage of in particular approximately 10-110 kV. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bell body (1) consists of a plastic or metal which is highly resistant to material abrasion, such as in particular Teflon, stainless steel, anodized or hard chrome-plated aluminum or the like. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the distribution chamber (3) of the bell body (1), in particular the outlet surfaces (13) and the accelerator surfaces (15) and / or the atomizer edge (4) have a highly polished surface. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the bell body (1) is arranged in a spray booth, the material feed through the feed pipe (8) preferably being regulated from outside the spray booth, preferably using electro-pneumatic actuator means. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive module (5) for executing oscillatory movements or the like is arranged on a particular vertical lifting device with a preferably continuously controllable speed. Device according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that an electronic control device for monitoring the rotation of the bell body (1) and / or the pressurized air supply to the first or second outlet openings (16, 17) and / or the oscillating movements of the drive module (5 ), preferably with electro-pneumatic actuator means, is provided.

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