EP0839381B1 - Reflector lamp - Google Patents

Description

It is based on the parallel application in Europe, EP-PA 97 105 626.2, and their Corresponding references, based on DE-GM 296 07 132. The latter is expressly referred to.

The invention relates to a reflector lamp according to the preamble of the claim 1.

Such a reflector lamp is known for example from EP-A 572 400. It is an incandescent lamp, the base of which is partially through an insert part is formed at the end of the neck part of the reflector. This insert part must be connected to the neck part of the reflector using putty. Disadvantages of this base are that it is complex to manufacture and not is particularly precise. In addition, this construction leads to a Extension of the length of the reflector lamp, since space is required to to hold the insert part below the piston in the neck part.

Another base principle for contact pins with cylindrical thickenings is described in DE-GM 82 34 509. There is the base of a low-pressure discharge lamp made as a separate part from plastic.

Finally, US Pat. No. 4,797,794 describes a reflector lamp with a pin base. in which the thin contact pins are supported by a support part attached to the Reflector neck is molded, is supported, so that the overall length is significantly extended is.

It is an object of the invention to provide a reflector lamp according to the preamble of Claim 1 inexpensive to design and reduce manufacturing costs.

This object of the invention is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1 solved. Particularly advantageous designs can be found in the subclaims.

The particular value of the invention is that the manufacture of the lamp is considerably simplified and at the same time the possibility is created to make the lamp more compact and in particular also continue to ensure high operational safety of these lamps. The reflector lamp according to the invention has considerable cost and process advantages compared to the state of the art.

Both a luminous element and an electrode are possible as illuminants (See, for example, the reflector discharge lamp in U.S. Patent No. 4,935,660).

A particular advantage is that the concept of the integrated base allows to design the power supply system so that there are no contact problems due to contact resistance, which are common in Low voltage range (below 80 V) due to small contact areas with electrical Connections occur. Age-related corrosion causes the high contact resistance, the voltage drops in the leads to Consequence. The lamp itself is then significantly less in operation Tension.

In particular, the reflector lamp with a base on one side is characterized by the following Features from: a hermetically sealed piston with a filling and a lamp, a reflector, consisting of a reflector contour load-bearing basic body and a rear attached Neck part, a base that attaches to the neck part, and the two or more metallic ones Contact pins with cylindrical thickening at the end remote from the piston has, and a power supply system that has an electrical lead for the illuminant. The base is completely out of the Material of the neck part formed and as an integral part directly on the neck part of the Molded reflector.

The bulb is normal in the reflector lamp according to the invention a separate piece of tempered glass or quartz glass inside the reflector that is squeezed in particular on one or two sides. However, it is not excluded that the piston is formed by the reflector itself, wherein the reflector has a hermetically sealed cover plate (sealed Beam technology).

Usually the reflector lamp is equipped with a reflector made of glass, however temperature-resistant plastic is also suitable. Have these materials much better dimensional stability and tighter tolerances than ceramic Materials so that the base in the socket is better and more precise sits. Ceramic is also more expensive and heavier.

The invention relates to high-voltage or medium-voltage lamps, So lamps for an operating voltage of at least 80 V. So far to strongly desire the compactness of suitable reflector lamps left.

The base is made of a flat wall with an inner one and an outer end face, which is arranged transversely to the reflector axis and closes the neck part. It has axially parallel openings for Contact pins.

The contact pins are advantageous as contact pin sleeves with an inner bore formed, wherein the bore in the sleeve is at least over a part the sleeve length or extends over its entire length.

The attachment of the contact pin sleeves can be done easily take place that the sleeves on the piston side an outwardly bent edge and have a disc-shaped collar in the middle of the sleeve length, between which the wall of the base is locked.

To avoid difficulties when inserting into the socket, it is advantageous at least one raised one on the outer end face of the wall Bead arranged, the thickness of which is at least (preferably equal) that of the collar corresponds to the sleeve.

A particularly interesting application for general lighting is a reflector lamp in which the lamp has an incandescent lamp a bulb squeezed on one side, which is a luminous body and inner Contains power supplies, the power supplies are designed so that they have an inherent security effect.

Possible design options for an inherent protection are in of a number of documents:

The inherent securing effect is particularly advantageous as follows Realized: The inner power supply lines connect the ends of the filament with sealing foils embedded in the pinch and are over part of their length embedded in the bruise, with at least one the power supply consists of an uncoiled wire. Doing so the inherent security effect achieved by at least one of the two inner power supplies from a wire with a diameter of at most 130 microns, preferably at most 80 microns, is made of the a length of at least 2 mm is embedded in the pinch, whereby the distance d between the power supplies and the applied voltage V cooperate so that in the event of a between the power supplies occurring arc the field strength V / d greater there than 100 V / cm, and is preferably between 200 and 400 V / cm. Closer Details can be found in DE-GM 296 07 132.

A specific advantage of a coiled wire compared to one Single helix lies in the fact that the mass of the power supply formed from it with the same length embedded in the pinch, considerably less is. The evaporation of the wire material in the capillary continues therefore much faster. The arc goes out earlier and that The response time of the inherent fuse is much shorter than that of others Fuses. In addition, the energy introduced into the arc is considerable smaller.

The term "uncoiled wire" also means a wire which was originally simply spiraled, but which was drawn out has been created, so that an elongated spirally wound wire is formed. The pitch is typically 10 to 100 times the wire diameter. The wire does not yet have its original spiral shape lost, but the turns are so far apart that no more tube-like cavity when squeezing. At the same squeezed length of the internal power supply is the really housed This means that the wire length is significantly longer than that of a completely uncoiled one Piece of wire where the really housed wire length is identical to the pinched wire length.

The inner power supply preferably has a diameter of more than 15 µm. Often, the filament and the internal power supply can be made as a unit from a single wire, i.e. the inner Power supplies are the uncoiled filament ends. However, it is also possible to use separate internal power supplies with a different diameter compared to the filament wire.

Further possibilities of an inherent fuse with high operating voltage are for example from US Pat. No. 4,132,922 and from DE-GM 91 02 566 known. The power supplies here consist of simply coiled Sections that are embedded in the bruise, with its core area leaves a tube-like cavity that acts as a blow-out duct in the event that an arc forms.

Another solution to the problem is proposed in DE-OS 31 10 395, namely an additional so-called thermal fuse in the crushing area a halogen lamp pinched on one or two sides. It is essentially a cavity in the area the pinch is spared, and through which the internal power supply is guided over part of its length. Because the power supply is not embedded in the glass, the power supply heats up very quickly and melts through.

Special advantages in terms of costs and production can be achieved if the use of base putty is fundamentally dispensed with. A An elegant solution is to use a lamp in which the piston is squeezed on one side, the squeezing using a she surrounding perforated disc made of spring steel in the neck part of the reflector is.

With the integral base presented here, the wall is normal attached at right angles to the neck part. The base can also be designed in this way be that the neck part by means of a radially circumferential bevel in the flat wall merges.

• ein durch eine einzige Quetschung hermetisch abgedichteter separater Kolben aus Quarzglas,
• ein Reflektor aus Glas,
• ein Leuchtkörper mit zwei Enden, der U-, V- oder W-förmig gebogen ist und ohne Gestellaufbauten (Drahtgestell, Quarzbalken) im Kolben gehaltert ist. Letzteres ist gerade für HV- oder MV-Lampen normalerweise nur schwer zu realisieren.

A reflector lamp with a high degree of compactness, which is based on one side, has the following features in particular:

• a separate piston made of quartz glass hermetically sealed by a single pinch,
• a reflector made of glass,
• a luminous body with two ends, which is bent in a U, V or W shape and is held in the bulb without a frame structure (wire frame, quartz beam). The latter is usually difficult to achieve, especially for HV or MV lamps.

A particularly elegant option to do without a wire frame consists in that, in a manner known per se, at least one heat-resistant Holding means fixed the filament.

A high degree of compactness is particularly difficult with MV or HV lamps to achieve, since they are normally operated with a fuse. there the operating voltage is at least 80 V. The power supply system therefore advantageously has internal power supply lines which are designed in such a way that they have an inherent security effect.

Ultimately, very small overall lengths can be achieved with the concept according to the invention achieve that previously appeared illusory for HV reflector lamps, namely lengths of less than or equal to 60 mm is preferred even by 50 mm.

With the incandescent lamps pinched on one side, the filament can be arranged axially or be bent into a U, V or W shape. In a particularly preferred Embodiment is the luminous body in two luminous sections subdivided, separated by a non-luminous base part are. Especially for MV applications (line voltages of approx 110 V) becomes a lamp pinched on one side with an axial lamp used. Only the one adjacent to the pinch is advantageous here Luminaire end with a power supply with inherent fuse the sealing film connected. The other power supply, the rack wire to the end distant from the bruise is a massive one Wire.

The filament is preferably held by heat-resistant Holding means that can withstand an arc, for example a massive one Wire frame or preferably glass webs made of the material of the piston be formed.

The lamp according to the invention can be produced inexpensively, since little Components are needed and the production is particularly well automated can be.

Overall, a reflector lamp is thus presented, which is characterized by a improved operational safety and a previously unattained compactness distinguished.

The reflector lamp according to the invention is particularly suitable for the direct operation on mains voltage, including a range from approx. 80 V to 250 V should be understood. Typical wattages are 25 to 150 W. Due Due to its compactness, this lamp can be used for many applications (e.g. PAR lamps, aluminum-coated reflector lamps, cold light reflector lamps) be used.

Fig. 1

ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Reflektorglühlampe,

Fig. 2

ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Reflektorentladungslampe.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments. It shows

Fig. 1

an embodiment of a reflector bulb,

Fig. 2

an embodiment of a reflector discharge lamp.

1 shows a compact high-voltage reflector lamp 40 for general lighting purposes with a power of 50 W, for direct connection is suitable for the 240 V network. Their total length is only 49 mm. The burner has a cylindrical piston 41 made of quartz glass with an outer diameter of approx. 13.5 mm with an inner diameter of 11 mm and a total length of about 38 mm (previously 86 mm).

One end of the piston 41 is shaped into a dome 63 which has a pump tip 64 in the center. The other end of the piston is closed with a pinch seal 45. The flask is filled with an inert gas mixture of 80% Kr and 20% N ₂ , to which a halogen addition of 0.005% CBrClF _{2 is} added.

An approximately U-shaped filament 56 made of tungsten extends over almost the entire inner length of the piston volume, the base part 57 of the "U", which extends transversely to the lamp axis, near the Dome 63 is arranged while the two legs of the "U", which are the actual form luminous coil sections 47, from the base part 57 extend to the pinch seal 45 and thereby to the pinch seal 45 open slightly towards the outside. The two luminous coil sections 47 go at their ends in short, about 4 to 7 mm long, uncoiled Wire sections 59 over that are inherent with internal power leads Act as a safeguard. The inner power leads 59 are in the Crimp seal 45 over a short length (typically 3 mm or less) melted and welded to sealing foils 60 made of molybdenum. The power leads 59 protrude from the pinch seal a few millimeters (typically 3 to 5 mm) into the piston volume.

External power supply lines 50 are welded onto the outer end of the foils 60, which protrude beyond the end of the pinch seal 45. they are angled outwards and thread into holes 54 of contact pin sleeves 51 a. The sleeves 51 have cylindrical thickenings 52 at their end.

The base part 57 of the "U" is uncoiled. It is across the lamp axis arranged just below the pump tip 64. Its ends are around Angled 90 ° and each extend to a spiral section 47. The shown spiral design with two short parallel legs 47 that Standing close to each other has an advantageous effect on the light distribution in the Reflector off. The dimensions of the two spiral legs are approx. 0.5 x 9.5 mm.

At the level of the base part 57, the luminous element is formed by a single oval Fixed glass web 42, which is formed from the material of the cob. The base part 57 is squeezed in the glass web 42.

Extreme compactification of the lamp is achieved in this way. Overall, the piston has an overall length of only 38 mm, calculated from the bruise to the pump tip. The piston can therefore in one very compact reflector 43 made of (hard) glass with an outer diameter of 50 mm can be accommodated.

The reflector made of borosilicate glass has a base body 43, which is a dome is formed and has a contour 66 on the inside, and one on it rearward arranged neck part 46. The contour is with aluminum or coated with a thin interference filter system. The latter has an advantageous effect as a cold light mirror. The reflector opening is through a cover disk 61 locked.

A springy, slightly arched one serves to fix the piston better Perforated disc 44 made of sheet metal, the amount of the approach of the crush 45 rests on the piston. It has an opening adapted to the pinch and two guide tabs on the narrow sides of the pinch. The perforated disc 44 is seated on four elongated beads arranged axially parallel 67 on (only two are visible in Fig. 1), from the neck 46 of the reflector jump out. The piston is fixed without plaster by the spring action of the perforated disc is used (similar to DE-A-195 48 521). The piston is in the neck part below Pressure used and then crimped the outer power supply with the sleeve.

The reflector tapers towards the end of the reflector neck 46 Outside diameter of 20 mm. The total length of the reflector lamp is 49 mm.

The reflector lamp has one on the reflector neck to shorten the overall length directly molded glass base 48. This consists essentially of a flat wall 49 at the end of the reflector neck, which as an integral

Bottom part acts. The external power supplies 50 of the built-in lamp are led out through two openings 53 and thereby in the holes 54 two metallic contact pin sleeves 51 seated in the openings 53 threaded. The bores extend over a partial length of the sleeve, the outer power supply 50 being crimped (55) in the sleeve 51 (alternatively, they are welded into a through hole).

The contact pin sleeves 51 themselves are riveted into the openings 53 by the inner edge 70 of the sleeve on the inner end face 71 of the wall is bent and at the same time a disc-like formed centrally on the sleeve Collar 72 abuts the outer end face 73 of the wall. The two contact pin sleeves 51 have a center distance of 10 mm.

In conventional reflector lamps for HV or MV operation is common between reflector dome and base in the power supply system Fuse provided, mostly in a separate intermediate part (using von Kitt) is inserted. This is now advantageously dispensed with by the inner power supply is a coiled wire with a wire gauge of approx. 100 µm, making the internal power supply inherent Fuse works. This further reduces the overall length.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, are transverse (or longitudinal) the two contact pin sleeves 51 on the outer edge of the outer end face 73 two flat strip-like ridges 58 mounted opposite each other. The thickness of the beads 58 is exactly the same as the thickness of the disc-like collars 72 matched so that their respective distal end faces together define a plane (as a kind of backfill). In principle, the thickness the beads can also be chosen larger than that of the collars; this extends then the length of the lamp.

In this way, tilting when inserting the contact pin sleeves 51 in the usual versions (see, for example, FIG. 4 of EP-A 572 400) prevented. The frames are known to have two elongated, slightly circular curved slot-like openings (or recesses) at their one end each has an enlarged circular opening for insertion the contact pin sleeve 51 is seated. When inserting the sleeves 51 in this enlarged Opening, the strip-like beads serve on the one hand as spacers, so that the sleeves do not touch the bottom of the recess and therefore remain easily moving during the subsequent rotary movement. Secondly, the collars cannot accidentally enter the enlarged opening the socket where they would jam when turning. Finally, the strip-like beads relieve pressure the cylindrical thickening when turning the base in the socket. This reduces the rotational resistance.

Figure 2 shows a reflector lamp 74 with a pinched as one side Metal halide lamp run torch 76 through an outer bulb is additionally insulated. Instead of several strip-like beads, one (or several) annular bead 78 attached to the outer edge of the wall 49. The transition between the neck part 46 and the outer end face of the wall 49 is not rectangular, but is made by means of a radially rotating one Slant 75 conveys. All other characteristics of this lamp are similar those of the incandescent lamp of the first embodiment and have the same Reference numerals.

The present invention has particular advantages over known reflector lamps, since both the number of components (now six components, previously ten components including the intermediate part) as well as the assembly technology can be significantly simplified. The new product can therefore be essential Manufactured more cost-effectively, saves material and also saves time become.

In a further exemplary embodiment of a reflector incandescent lamp for 110 V the filament is axially arranged and only the power supply leading to whose pinch-side end leads is as an uncoiled wire section melted into the bruise. The short is for low voltage light bulbs Luminous elements arranged either axially or transversely to the axis.

In particular, the invention provides an inexpensive reflector incandescent lamp with low power consumption down to 25 W or even less for the direct mains connection (HV, MV) available, as for general lighting is of particular interest. Preferred performance levels are a maximum of 250 W.

The invention is particularly advantageous in the case of halogen incandescent lamps pinched on one side with low power (up to 75 W), because when using a Glass base the most cost and space saving effect of the invention comes into play.

The invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiment shown. In particular, it is also suitable for halogen incandescent lamps for mains operation to 110 V. It is also suitable for other types of light bulbs or also discharge lamps.

Claims (17)

1. Single-cap reflector lamp (40) having the following features:

   a hermetically sealed bulb with a filling and a luminous means,

   a reflector (43), comprising a basic body bearing a reflector contour (66) and a neck part (46) attached to the rear thereof,

   a rotary cap (48) which is attached to the neck part and which has two or more metallic contact pins (51) with cylindrical thickened portions (52) at the end remote from the bulb,

   a power supply system which provides an electric supply lead for the luminous means,

   characterized in that the reflector lamp is a high-voltage or medium-voltage lamp to which an operating voltage of at least 80 V is applied, the overall length of the lamp being less than or equal to 60 mm, the cap (48) being formed entirely from the material of the neck part and shaped as an integral part directly on the neck part of the reflector and the cap (48) having a flat wall (49) with an inner end face (71) and an outer end face (73) which is arranged transverse to the reflector axis and seals the neck part (46) and has openings (53) for contact pins (51).
2. Single-cap reflector lamp (40) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the bulb (41) is a separate part made from hard glass or quartz glass inside the reflector which is, in particular, pinched at one end or two ends.
3. Single-cap reflector lamp (40) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the bulb is formed by the reflector itself, the reflector having a cover plate (61) sealed in a gastight fashion.
4. Single-cap reflector lamp (40, 74) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the luminous means is a luminous element or an electrode.
5. Single-cap reflector lamp (40) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the reflector (43) is made from glass.
6. Single-cap reflector lamp (40) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the contact pins are constructed as contact pin sleeves (51) with an inner bore (54), the bore extending in the sleeve at least over a part of the sleeve length.
7. Single-cap reflector lamp (40) according to Claim 6, characterized in that the contact pin sleeves (51) have, on the bulb side, an edge (70) bent over outwards and, approximately at the middle of the sleeve length, a disc-shaped collar (72) between which the wall (49) is locked.
8. Single-cap reflector lamp (40) according to Claim 7, characterized in that at least one raised bulge (58; 78) whose thickness corresponds at least to that of the collar is arranged on the outer end face (73) of the wall.
9. Single-cap reflector lamp (40) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the lamp is an incandescent lamp with a single-pinch bulb (41) which contains a luminous element (56) and inner supply leads (59), the supply leads (59) being fashioned such that they have an inherent fuse action.
10. Single-cap reflector lamp (40) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the bulb (41) is pinched at one end, the pinch (45) being supported by means of a perforated disc (44) surrounding it in the neck part of the reflector.
11. Single-cap reflector lamp (40) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the neck part (46) merges into the flat wall (49) by means of a radially circumferential bevel (75).
12. Single-cap reflector lamp (40) according to Claim 1, having the following features which ensure a high degree of compactness:

    a separate bulb (41) made from quartz glass and hermetically sealed by a single pinch (45),

    a reflector (43) made from glass,

    a luminous element (56) with two ends, which is bent in the shape of a U, V or W and is held in the bulb without frame superstructures.
13. Single-cap reflector lamp according to Claim 12, characterized in that at least one heat-resistant holding means (42) fixes the luminous element (56).
14. Single-cap reflector lamp according to Claim 12, characterized in that the power supply system has inner supply leads (59) which are fashioned such that they have an inherent fuse action.
15. Single-cap reflector lamp according to Claim 14, characterized in that the inner supply leads (59) connect the luminous element ends to sealing foils (60) embedded in the pinch (45), and in that they are embedded over a part of their length in the pinch, at least one of the supply leads (59) comprising an uncoiled wire, the inherent fuse action being achieved by virtue of the fact that at least one of the two inner supply leads (59) is made from a wire with a diameter of at most 130 µm, preferably at most 80 µm, which is embedded over a length of at least 2 mm in the pinch (45), the spacing d between the supply leads and the applied voltage V cooperating such that in the case of an arc occurring between the supply leads the field strength V/d acting there is greater than 100 V/cm, and preferably between 200 and 400 V/cm.
16. Single-cap reflector lamp according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that the overall length of the lamp is about 50 mm.
17. Single-cap reflector lamp according to Claim 12, characterized in that the bulb is held without cement in the reflector, preferably by means of a perforated disc (44).

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