EP0892112A1 - Road kerbstone for buses and for combined stops for trams and buses - Google Patents

Abstract

The demarkation device has a collision surface for bus tracking, and a top horizontal access platform. An aperture (9) with one vertical and one horizontal side (10,11) is positioned between the access platform (6) and the collision surface (8). The size of the aperture corresponds to the minimum horizontal and vertical safety distance, to the lower vehicle body and/or the axle projection after a bus (1) has collided with the collision surface. The demarkation device consists of compact moulded blocks (3). It has a mainly horizontal lower running surface (4) for at least one bus wheel (5). Due to the width of this surface, the wheel only comes into contact with the collision surface, when the load of the wheel acts on the running surface.

Description

The invention relates to a limitation of a roadway for Buses as well as a lane boundary for buses and Rail vehicles at combined stops. Especially The invention relates to the limitation of a road for low-floor vehicles, where the car body at Stop at the stop can be lowered. The horizontal Top of the limit at stops can be as Serve boarding level for passengers.

In modern road traffic are increasing, especially required for stops, lane boundaries to which the bus can drive up so the same at every stop Side distance of the buses to the stop guaranteed becomes.

Solutions are known from the prior art, at which the lanes of the buses through special curbs be limited to which the bus with due caution can start. The curbs allow that, on the one hand the tires of the buses are not damaged and on the other hand a minimized distance to the platform edge or the Edge of the stop can be realized, the lateral distance from the platform edge strongly through the individual subjective driver is affected and thereby is very variable. This is of particular importance Demand for the low-lying car bodies of the low-floor vehicles.

It has long been known from rail vehicle traffic the platform level and the boarding level of the vehicles in to lay a level and the platform edge relatively close bring the vehicle body closer, especially if uniform rail vehicles can be used.

For buses, platforms are the same as for rail vehicles not possible because there is a risk that the bus with its lower vehicle body and / or with its axle protrusion collided with the platform edge. The buses therefore regularly require lower entry levels, via which the bus, when approaching the stop, with can easily overlap his vehicle body.

DE-OS 28 20 545 gives a curb to the side Limit a lane to that in the upper part its side facing the carriageway one against the Lane inclined first inclined surface, the bottom merges into a second flat inclined surface and the Inclined surfaces are connected by a fillet surface, whose radius of curvature is about 1/3 of that above the road surface protruding board height is. Because of the special The design of this curb is intended for the tire Moving off are largely distracted without damage.

It is true when using so-called low-floor buses possible, the entry height at a standstill compared to the height lower the stop area, but it remains nevertheless, there is a considerable difference in height when changing passengers with prams, handicapped lifts and disadvantageous for older people and children as passengers appears.

In modern road traffic there are increasingly stops required which also serves as a stop for bus traffic as well as for rail vehicle traffic can serve. Rail vehicles are first Line trams, but there can also be other rail-bound ones Vehicles, e.g. B. S-Bahn or suburban trains. Such combined stops are for the public Means of transportation much more advantageous than that separate stops for buses and rail vehicles. The bus and rail vehicles stop practically in the same section of the bus stop can be shortened. Furthermore there are combined stops advantageously completely outside of public traffic with Motor vehicles.

The change of passengers can be concentrated on the same Platform edge done. Annoying transition paths from the platform to platform and especially dangerous crossings the streets become public roads avoided. It is also important that the public Road traffic is not affected and traffic jams be reduced.

When creating combined bus stops and rail vehicles there is a problem that the buses have a fundamentally different track and vehicle profile, than the rail vehicles and the respective entry edges cannot be brought on one level.

EP 0 544 202 specifies a curb that in particular is intended for combined rail / bus transport. This curb consists of a cuboid prefabricated component with a top surface serving as a tread, a front that acts as a limitation, a back and a bottom, with the front one from the bottom has inclined surface receding upwards, which in its lower area into a concave section merges, with the concave section into an im essential levels, almost horizontal when installed running and merging into the adjacent lane Section merges as well as the sloping surface for tracking the buses in stops with bus traffic, especially with combined train / bus traffic, certain Has training.

This is the case with state-of-the-art solutions Problem that by designing the vehicle body in Connection with the respective lane position of the wheels of the buses the entrance height between the platform level and the Entrance height of the buses is relatively large. The ratios as with rail vehicles are far from being achieved.

The invention has for its object a limitation to create a carriageway for buses to which the bus connects his wheels, especially the front wheels can with a low entry height and a small lateral distance between the edge of the boundary and the bus boarding is enabled and one Damage to the lower vehicle body and / or the protruding parts Axes prevented by collision with the boundary becomes.

Furthermore, the invention is based on the object a combined stop for buses and rail vehicles specify the entry level of the rail vehicles as well as the buses largely to the stop level is adjusted and the lateral distance of the leading edge on the respective vehicles to the edge of the platform is largely minimized.

The invention solves the problem of limiting one Roadway for buses through the in the characteristic part of the Claim 1 specified features.

The task of limiting a lane for buses and rail vehicles at combined stops by those specified in the characterizing part of claim 2 Features resolved.

Advantageous developments of the invention are in the characterizing features of the dependent claims and are described below along with the description the preferred embodiment of the invention including the drawing shown in more detail.

The essence of the invention is that the limitation has a special recess for special selected buses after approaching the approach area a minimally required safety clearance compared to the limit and in the combined Stops for buses and rail vehicles this recess in addition to the safety-related minimal required space for specially selected rail vehicles is adjusted, the level of the top the limitation in the level of the boarding height of the rail vehicles lies.

In relation to the specially selected buses, this can the top of the boundary, especially if this limits one stop, largely to the entry level the buses can be laid.

The top of the boundary can also, e.g. B. in modern Low-floor buses with lowering technology (kneeling), lower lie such that the car body of the bus, for example when approaching the boundary surface at an angle, can overlap the top of the boundary and only after the stop towards the plane of the top the limit is lowered.

With this solution according to the invention, it is therefore dependent on concrete design possible, maximum minimization the entrance height of the buses compared to the stop level to reach. The location of the outer vertical plane of the vehicle body of the buses versus the vertical The level of the vertical flank of the recess can be such be chosen so that these levels largely approximate and even lie essentially in one plane. From A particular advantage is that the distance between the buses to the shaped stone in the entry area, both horizontally and vertically, can be set to less than 5 cm. This is also for the disabled, wheelchair users, the elderly People and children can get on the bus without any problems.

With the solution according to the invention, the buses can also do not collide with the boundary or the shaped stone, there z. B. the front lower vehicle body also at sloping approach of the buses to the approach surface in the Can free space of the recess on the molded block.

The specific design of the limit can vary solution described in concrete terms. For example, the Limitation according to the invention also from several individual parts be put together.

The invention is based on two exemplary embodiments are explained in more detail.

1 shows one of the exemplary embodiments Cross section through a limit according to the invention a bus stop.

FIG. 2 shows that it belongs to embodiment II a cross section through a complete stop area a combined stop for buses and trams. Figure 3 shows the detail A from Figure 2 and FIG. 4 shows detail B from FIG. 2.

Embodiment I

FIG. 1 shows a bus 1 on the edge of a carriageway 2.

The limitation according to the invention is due to the compact Form stone 3 made of reinforced concrete. The shaped stone 3 has a lower ramp 4, which is in the plane the lane 2 is so wide that the wheel 5 with its entire wheel load acts on the ramp 4.

The level of the stop 7 and the top 6 of the stone 3 are on one level.

Between the drive surface 4 and the top 7 of the Form stone 3 has a starting surface 8 and a recess 9. The approach surface 8 serves as lateral tracking for bus 1 when approaching the limit or stop. The recess 9 is specific to the particular selected buses 1 adapted so that the distance of the lower vehicle body and / or the axles of the Buses 1 after approaching the approach surface 8 essentially the minimum required in terms of safety corresponds to vertical and horizontal free space. The vertical edge 10 and the horizontal edge 11 of the Recess 9 are therefore in their position on the described adapted in practice required space.

In exemplary embodiment I, bus 1 is a low-floor bus used, which has a lowering mechanism (kneeling), which causes the entire vehicle body to come to a standstill the stop can be lowered. In the drawing this lowered position is shown, d. H. at the moment the approach of the wheel 5 to the approach surface 8 is Vehicle body by a few centimeters (in practice 5 to 8cm) higher.

With the limitation according to the invention or the shaped block 3 in the exemplary embodiment it is possible, also with consideration safety distances required in practice, that the vertical flank 10 and the vertical outer surface 12 of the vehicle body of the bus 1 only a few Have centimeters distance. In practice, the Distance can be reduced to 3 to 5 cm. It always does assumed that the driver should exercise caution the bus 1 to the approach surface 8 of the shaped block 3 controls.

The entry height between the top 6 of the shaped block 3 to the entry level 14 of the bus 1 can in the Practice can be reduced to 5 cm Top 6 of the molded block 3 for safety reasons slightly below the horizontal outer surface 13 of the Vehicle body of the bus 1.

With the solution according to the invention it is possible to Distance of bus 1 to form stone 3 in the boarding area, both horizontally and vertically, to less than 5 cm adjust. So especially for the disabled, Wheelchair users, the elderly and children getting started the bus 1 possible without any problems.

Embodiment II

The embodiment II describes a combined Bus and tram stop. The difference compared to embodiment I essentially exists in that in addition to bus operation on the same Also stop trams. The bus stop is driven in two directions and points on both sides Platforms on.

2 is a cross section through a stop area shown.

A bus 21 and a tram 22 are both in the Stop area. Here is the usual right-hand traffic the bus 21 is shown with the front and the tram 22 can be seen with the back.

Both modes of transport, bus 21 and tram 22, are located on the lane 23, approximately in the middle of the Bus stop. The roadway 23 is formed by the upper edge 24 of the rail 25 (Fig. 3 and 4) for the tram 22 and the pavement 26 for the buses 21, where the upper edge 24 and the road surface 26 on one level are located. The roadway 23 is designed such that it can also be safely crossed by passengers. There are platforms 27 and 27 on both sides of the carriageway 23 28. Platform level 29, i.e. the level of the tread for passengers, is located on both sides same height and at a defined distance above the lane 23, which is essentially the entry height of the Tram 22, measured from the upper edge 24, corresponds. The platform 28 with a railing 30 is an example opposite a street 31 for public road traffic delimited with motor vehicles. Platform 27 has a passenger shelter 32. The actual The object of the invention is the arrangement and training the limitation of the roadway 23 compared to the Platforms 27 and 28. In the example the limitation formed by a shaped block 33, as described below in Connection with the drawing in Fig. 3 and 4 even closer is described.

In Fig. 3 the detail A is shown enlarged in Fig. 2. It shows the design of the roadway 23 with the Top edge 24 of the rail 25 and the pavement 26. This is followed by the block 33 and the platform level 29 on. The shaped block 33 is with his Top 34 in platform level 29, both essentially merge into each other without gaps. The shaped stone 33 is designed as a compact concrete block, which with its back surfaces 35 and 36 in a load-bearing concrete warehouse 37 is stored.

The transition from lane 23 to platform level 29 is by a approach surface 38 and the surfaces of the invention Recess 40 formed. The approach surface 38 serves as lateral guidance for the bus 21 at Approach the stop. Further details correspond the statements in embodiment I.

The recess 40 is designed such that a safety minimum vertical and required horizontal clearance "a" between the lower vehicle body 41 of the tram 22 and the vertical flank 43 or the horizontal edge 50 is guaranteed if boarding level 42 is in platform level 29, i.e. if the distance "b" between these two levels is at loaded tram 22 goes to zero. For the better Understanding is the distance "b" as the actual distance drawn in Fig. 2.

The distance from the entrance of the tram 22 to the edge of the stop (Flank 43 / platform level 29) corresponds thus the minimum necessary in terms of safety Distance "a" and in practice is less than 5 cm. Prams, disabled vehicles and the elderly and children can safely enter the tram 22 get on and off.

The approach surface 38 is for changing passengers at the Tram 22 has no meaning. The distance "a" becomes practical about the distance "c" between the vertical flank 43 of the recess 40 is fixed by the rail 25.

Fig. 4 shows the detail B in Fig. 2 in an enlarged view. The individual positions correspond, as far as these are not mentioned separately, those in FIG. 3.

The drawing shows a bus 21 with its in FIG lower vehicle body 44 with its front wheel 45 on the approach surface 38 of the shaped block 33 has moved up, such that the track line 46 is a distance "d" from the vertical Flank 43 has. Bus 21 does not run close enough to the shaped block 33, the distance "d" unwittingly bigger. However, if the bus 21 is too close to the Formstein 33 approaches, it is 45 via its front wheel pressed away from the approach surface 38 into the track line 46. According to the invention, the normal measure of the distance "d" is the location approach surface 38 in conjunction with the vertical Edge 43 is determined such that the outer vertical plane of the lower vehicle body 41 and the vertical flank 43 essentially lie in one plane.

The distance "e" between the top 34 of the shaped block 33 and the entry level 47 of the bus 21 is opposite the conditions of the tram 22 of FIG. 3, in present example cannot be reduced to zero. In practice it is necessary that between the bottom edge of the vehicle body 44 of the bus 21 and the top 34 of the shaped block 33 a safety required minimum distance is observed so that it when starting off at an angle and at maximum load Buses 21 to no collision of the lower vehicle body 44 comes with the shaped block 33. This in terms of security The minimum distance required is in the start-up phase of the wheel 45 to the approach surface 38 between the Top 34 and the lower vehicle body 44 to be observed. After the bus 21 has come to a standstill required minimum distance to the horizontal flank 50, with the vehicle body 44 still above the top 34 of the shaped block 33 should be.

When using low-floor vehicles as buses 21, it is nevertheless possible the distance "e" to a value towards zero lower, as far as these buses with a facility for Lowering the car body (Kneeling) during the operational stop are equipped.

In the exemplary embodiment, the shaped block 33 is designed such that the front wheel 45 when starting to the starting surface 38 with its full width on a horizontal Drive surface 48 opens. In the example this is the ramp 48 formed up to the rail 25, d. H. under Adherence to a mounting gap 39. This is in this Area no further component for the formation of the road 23, e.g. B. a filler stone required. With appropriate Conditions between the approach surface 38 and the Rail 25 but also selected a different construction become.

The advantage of the formation of the shaped block 33 with the Drive-on area 48 consists in particular in that the bus 21 on the front wheel 45 with its proportional mass M presses on the shaped block 33 such that a horizontal force H, which when starting the front wheel 45 to the Approach surface 38 occurs largely within the shaped block 33 is added. Remaining horizontal forces, which is not included within the shaped block 33 can be taken from the concrete warehouse 49, so that a lateral displacement of the shaped block 33 in Direction of platform level 29 is prevented.

The advantage of the solution according to the invention, as in the exemplary embodiment II, there is in particular in that with an ideal formation of the platform edge for the tram 22 with a safety technology minimum distance "a" between the lower vehicle body 41 of the tram 22, a vertical distance "b" between platform level 29 and boarding level 42 the tram 22 is enabled, which essentially goes to zero.

For bus operation, it is the one according to the invention Form stone specifically designed stop edge possible the distance "e" between entry level 47 of the bus 21 and platform level 29, to a minimum. Essentially, the distance "e" is only from that Requirement of a free space for reaching over the lower one Vehicle body 44 determines, this distance "e" by lowering the vehicle body of the buses 21 at a standstill can be further minimized to change passengers.

The lateral distance of the lower vehicle body 44 of the Busses 21 from the vertical edge 43 of the recess 40 am According to the invention, shaped stone 33 is essentially based on the Value set to zero.

The invention is of course not based on the described Embodiment limited. So it is without further possible to omit the ramp surface 48 or in to form a separate track groove in this area compliance with the track line 46 of the front wheels 45 additionally or back up alone.

The limitation according to the invention can also be composed of several individual parts which are anchored in the installed state. For example, it would be possible to place the upper section of the molded block, which is located to the side of the vertical flank 43, as a separate part on a corresponding lower section of the molded block and to secure it with metal anchors. List of the reference symbols used 1 bus 2 lane 3 shaped stone 4 drive-on area 5 wheel 6 top 7 stop 8 approach surface 9 recess 10 vertical flank 11 horizontal flank 12 vertical outer surface 13 horizontal outer surface 14 entry level 15 16 17th 18th 19th 20th 21 bus 22 tram 23 lane 24 top edge 25 rail 26 road surface 27 platform 28 platform 29 platform level 30 railings 31 street 32 Passenger shelter 33 shaped stone 34 top 35 rear surface 36 rear surface 37 concrete storage 38 approach surface 39 assembly gap 40 recess 41 lower vehicle body 42 entry level 43 vertical flank 44 lower vehicle body 45 front wheel 46 track line 47 Entry level 48 drive area 49 concrete storage 50 horizontal edge

Claims (5)

Delimitation of a carriageway for buses - which has an approach surface towards the carriageway for guiding the buses, in particular at stops, the horizontal top of the delimitation serving as an entry level for passengers, characterized in that between the top (6) of the delimitation and the Approach surface (8) has a recess (9) with a substantially vertical flank (10) and a substantially horizontal flank (11), the recess (9) having a size that is the minimum required in terms of safety in terms of vertical and horizontal clearance corresponds to the lower vehicle body and / or the axis projection of the specially selected buses (1) after the approach to the approach surface (8). Delimitation of a carriageway for buses and rail vehicles at combined stops, the delimitation towards the carriageway for the guidance of the buses having an approach surface and the horizontal top of the delimitation serving as an entry level for passengers, characterized in that between the top (34) of the delimitation and the approach surface (38) has a recess (40) with a substantially vertical flank (43) and a substantially horizontal flank (50), so that the recess (40) has a size that is the minimum required in terms of safety and security vertical and horizontal Free space to the lower vehicle body (44) and / or the axis protrusion of the specially selected buses (21) after approaching the approach surface (38) and the minimally required vertical and horizontal clearance to the lower vehicle body (41) of the specially selected rail vehicles and which Level of ob side (34) of the limitation is essentially in the level of the boarding level (42) of the rail vehicles. Limitation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the limitation is essentially formed from a compact molded block (3, 33). Limitation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that there is a drive-on surface (4, 48) on the limitation or on the shaped block (3, 33) which is essentially horizontal in the installed position and which is at the lower end of the drive-on surface (8, 38) and which is suitable for at least one wheel (5, 45) of a bus (1, 21) to run on it and which is at least so wide that the wheel (5, 45) only reaches the approach surface (8, 38 ) can start when the load of the wheel (5, 45) acts on the ramp (4, 48). Limitation according to Claim 1, characterized in that the upper side (6) of the limitation lies essentially at the level of the entry level of the specially selected buses (1).

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