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EP0886001A1 - Process and apparatus to disperse a paper fibers slurry - Google Patents

Process and apparatus to disperse a paper fibers slurry Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0886001A1
EP0886001A1 EP98101955A EP98101955A EP0886001A1 EP 0886001 A1 EP0886001 A1 EP 0886001A1 EP 98101955 A EP98101955 A EP 98101955A EP 98101955 A EP98101955 A EP 98101955A EP 0886001 A1 EP0886001 A1 EP 0886001A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steam
rotor
teeth
crumbs
heating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98101955A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0886001B1 (en
Inventor
Almut Kriebel
Josef Schneid
Volker Niggl
Hans Schnell
Wolfgang Mannes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voith Patent GmbH
Original Assignee
Voith Sulzer Papiertechnik Patent GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0886001A1 publication Critical patent/EP0886001A1/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
    • D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
    • D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
    • D21B1/12—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by wet methods, by the use of steam
    • D21B1/14—Disintegrating in mills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/27—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices
    • B01F27/271—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices with means for moving the materials to be mixed radially between the surfaces of the rotor and the stator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/836—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers combining mixing with other treatments
    • B01F33/8361—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers combining mixing with other treatments with disintegrating
    • B01F33/83612—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers combining mixing with other treatments with disintegrating by crushing or breaking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
    • B01F35/717—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
    • B01F35/71775—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using helical screws
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
    • D21D1/00—Methods of beating or refining; Beaters of the Hollander type
    • D21D1/004—Methods of beating or refining including disperging or deflaking
    • D21D1/006—Disc mills
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
    • D21D1/00—Methods of beating or refining; Beaters of the Hollander type
    • D21D1/20—Methods of refining
    • D21D1/30—Disc mills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F2025/91—Direction of flow or arrangement of feed and discharge openings
    • B01F2025/912—Radial flow
    • B01F2025/9121—Radial flow from the center to the circumference, i.e. centrifugal flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
    • B01F2101/47—Mixing of ingredients for making paper pulp, e.g. wood fibres or wood pulp
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/50—Mixing liquids with solids
    • B01F23/56—Mixing liquids with solids by introducing solids in liquids, e.g. dispersing or dissolving
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/50—Mixing liquids with solids
    • B01F23/57—Mixing high-viscosity liquids with solids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/27—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices
    • B01F27/271—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices with means for moving the materials to be mixed radially between the surfaces of the rotor and the stator
    • B01F27/2711—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices with means for moving the materials to be mixed radially between the surfaces of the rotor and the stator provided with intermeshing elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for dispersing paper pulp according to the Preamble of claim 1.
  • Procedure of the above Be e.g. needed to improve the quality of fiber, which was obtained from waste paper. It is known that pulp by Dispersing homogenized and can thus be significantly improved.
  • a fiber is used that has a dry content between 15 and has 35% and has been brought to a temperature far above that Ambient temperature. It makes sense to heat up when the Fibrous material already has the consistency required for dispersion. With this Thickening process becomes a considerable part of what was previously in the pulp Water depressed, which firstly makes its viscosity essential when dispersing increases and secondly less water needs to be heated.
  • the most important Thickening machines are screw presses and screen presses.
  • the fibrous suspension is introduced and pressed between a screen and a roller or between two screens so that the water emerges. This creates a moist fibrous web.
  • this membrane has a weight per unit area of between 500 and 2000 g / m 2 , although deviating values can also be useful.
  • the wet web is removed from the area of the screen or screens and must then be torn into flat pieces. Although these can easily be brought to the desired temperature, a relatively long heating-up time is required. For example, warm-up times of several minutes must be accepted, especially if a temperature above 90 o C is desired.
  • the hot crumb is then fed to the disperser. The whole requires a fairly complex system.
  • the fiber suspension is between one Conveyor screw and a perforated jacket surrounding it, the Water leaks through the jacket.
  • Shredding can e.g. in a shredder screw or a system with counter rotating Rotors are made, which is very expensive.
  • the highly consistent paper pulp can either be used as a plug or in the form of a loose, only pre-shredded high consistency fabric directly into the clothing of one Dispergers can be entered.
  • the fabric is then seen from the direction of flow the first crushing stage of the disperser is detected, crushed and swirled, whereby the fine fiber crumbs arise.
  • the material is then cut to the necessary Temperature warmed up, due to the previous intensive crushing a relatively short heating-up time is sufficient.
  • the actual dispersion i.e.
  • the material properties change in the dispersion zone, which changes connects downstream.
  • the version shown here is a disperger set with a radial flow of material, with a stator 2 and a rotor 4. In principle, could an axial disperger or kneader can also be used.
  • the Disperger 3 shown here is loaded radially inside, for which a first in the center of the rotor 4 Comminution element 5 is attached, which e.g. wing-shaped or cross-shaped Crushing bars 6 can carry.
  • the stopper 1 pressed here becomes peeled off or grated off and thereby broken up into fine crumbs, but here are not drawn.
  • Primary stator teeth 7 slow down the fabric and lengthen it thereby its dwell time in the radially outer steam chamber 8 Impact of the fiber material thrown off by the comminution element 5 becomes this further divided. Crushing down to the size of the speck is an advantage Keep heating time low.
  • the vapor space 8 is essentially ring-shaped and does not contain any of the mechanical ones Dispersion teeth.
  • dispersion is brought about by the fact that Teeth are moved relatively close together at a relatively high speed and the fiber between them is subjected to strong shear forces. This function only has that which adjoins the steam chamber 8 radially further outside Dispersion zone 9. There are then high peripheral speeds of the dispersion teeth possible and advantageous, while the ones lying radially further inside Crushing bars 6 are slower and therefore the incoming stopper 1 shred gently. The substance is therefore not within the vapor space 8 mechanically dispersed. If necessary, however, internals 18 (FIG. 4) can be present that slow down the movement of the circulating fabric and loosen the fabric. The will be explained later.
  • Heating steam ST is added via the steam pipes 11 brought into contact with the fiber. He is swirled in the steam room 8 or at least kept loosened so that it is well penetrated by the steam can.
  • the heating is essentially achieved by condensation of the steam, i.e. Steam is constantly replenished.
  • the make-up improves the swirl and the loosening of the fiber crumbs. After the dispersion, the dispersed falls Fibrous material S 'through outlet 13.
  • the vapor space 8 is light due to the plug 1 and the substance in the dispersion zone 9 to seal against the outside world. It is also advantageous to terminate the dispersion zone 9 through a throttle ring 10 because this controls the degree of filling of the set leaves.
  • a throttle ring 10 In connection with the invention is a high and uniform degree of filling particularly advantageous in the dispersion zone 9, because otherwise the outer diameter of the Disperger very large would have to be chosen to the desired specific To be able to transfer work to the pulp.
  • a throttle ring is e.g. by DE 195 23 703 A1 is known.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b show a possible embodiment of the comminution element 5 in the Side view (2a) or top view (2b).
  • the highly consistent paper pulp is not as compact Grafting, but pre-shredded into the more or less loose form Dispersing device is entered.
  • a pre-shredded material falls e.g. when the thickening has been carried out on a screen press, from which the Thickened paper pulp runs out as a wet web.
  • Crushing e.g. in a snail
  • the fabric becomes so wide pre-crushed that it can be conveyed in screw systems.
  • the pre-shredded material is then before entering the Disperger 3 '- as shown here in Fig. 2 - by a feed screw 16 detects and directly into the central inlet of the disperser 3 'performed.
  • This feed screw 16 can have a stuffing effect, that is but not necessary to carry out the method according to the invention. Much more it can also be designed as a band screw, which is only on the outer diameter has a helical band 17 and comparatively promotes. With Advantage, the fabric in it can already be preheated, possibly for what existing steam lines 11 'serve. Then the crushing step gentler on fibers and later heating to dispersion temperature is faster. If the fabric is relatively loosely fed into the central inlet of the disperser, it does not offer the support of a solid plug, as shown in Fig. 1. The However, fine grinding is still possible because the material is less Radial speed than the shredding bars 6, which on the Crushing element 5 are attached. Often the primary stator teeth 7 in addition to their slowing effect, they promote comminution.
  • the heating steam ST is added on radially outer edge of the steam chamber 8 and thus different than in Fig.1.
  • This is supposed to Countercurrent heating can be achieved, which of course is a corresponding Centrifugal field in the steam room 8 provided.
  • the steam swirls the crumb in the steam room additionally on. Similar considerations regarding the optimal dam addition locations are also in other configurations, e.g. to start according to FIG. 1.
  • the inner row of the dispersing teeth 19 shown here belongs to the rotor.
  • the fabric passes between these dispersing teeth and is pressed through the dispersing zone 9. In other cases, it can be advantageous to radially outer the vapor space through a To complete the row of teeth belonging to the stator.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)

Abstract

Das Verfahren dient zum Dispergieren von Papierfaserstoff, insbesondere wenn dieser aus Altpapier hergestellt ist. Erfindungsgemäß wird der Papierfaserstoff in feine Faserstoffkrümel umgewandelt, so daß er relativ schnell auf die zum Dispergieren benötigte Temperatur aufgeheizt werden kann. Das Erhitzen und Dispergieren des Faserstoffes findet erfindungsgemäß in derselben Apparatur statt, insbesondere in einem Disperger. In einer speziellen Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens wird der aus einer Eindickpresse (15) kommende Pfropfen (1) direkt in den zentralen Bereich der Dispergergarnitur eingedrückt.The process is used to disperse paper pulp, especially if it is made from waste paper. According to the invention, the paper pulp is converted into fine pulp crumbs so that it can be heated up relatively quickly to the temperature required for dispersing. The heating and dispersing of the fibrous material takes place according to the invention in the same apparatus, in particular in a disperser. In a special embodiment of the method, the plug (1) coming from a thickening press (15) is pressed directly into the central area of the disperser set.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Dispergierung von Papierfaserstoff gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method for dispersing paper pulp according to the Preamble of claim 1.

Verfahren der o.g. Art werden z.B. zur Qualitätsverbesserung von Faserstoff benötigt, der aus Altpapier gewonnen wurde. Es ist bekannt, daß Papierfaserstoff durch Dispergieren homogenisiert und dadurch wesentlich verbessert werden kann. Dabei wird in vielen Fällen ein Faserstoff verwendet, der einen Trockengehalt zwischen 15 und 35 % aufweist und auf eine Temperatur gebracht worden ist, die weit über der Umgebungstemperatur liegt. Sinnvoll ist es, die Aufheizung vorzunehmen, wenn der Faserstoff bereits seine zur Dispergierung erforderliche Konsistenz hat. Bei diesem Eindickprozeß wird ein beträchtlicher Teil des vorher noch im Faserstoff vorhandenen Wassers abgedrückt, wodurch erstens seine Viskosität bei der Dispergierung wesentlich ansteigt und zweitens weniger Wasser mit erwärmt werden muß. Die wichtigsten Maschinen für die Eindickung sind Schneckenpressen und Siebpressen.Procedure of the above Be e.g. needed to improve the quality of fiber, which was obtained from waste paper. It is known that pulp by Dispersing homogenized and can thus be significantly improved. Here in many cases a fiber is used that has a dry content between 15 and has 35% and has been brought to a temperature far above that Ambient temperature. It makes sense to heat up when the Fibrous material already has the consistency required for dispersion. With this Thickening process becomes a considerable part of what was previously in the pulp Water depressed, which firstly makes its viscosity essential when dispersing increases and secondly less water needs to be heated. The most important Thickening machines are screw presses and screen presses.

Bei einer Siebpresse wird die Faserstoffsuspension zwischen ein Sieb und eine Walze oder zwischen zwei Siebe eingeführt und gepreßt, so daß das Wasser austritt. Dabei entsteht eine feuchte Faserstoffbahn. Je nach Betriebsparametern hat diese Bahn ein Flächengewicht zwischen 500 und 2000 g/m2, wobei aber auch davon abweichende Werte sinnvoll sein können. Die feuchte Bahn wird aus dem Bereich des Siebes oder der Siebe abgenommen und muß anschließend in flächige Stücke zerrissen werden. Diese lassen sich zwar ohne weiteres auf die gewünschte Temperatur bringen, es wird aber eine relativ lange Aufheizzeit benötigt. So müssen z.B. Aufwärmzeiten von mehreren Minuten hingenommen werden, besonders dann, wenn eine Temperatur über 90o C gewünscht wird. Anschließend wird der heiße Krümelstoff dem Disperger zugeführt. Das ganze erfordert eine recht aufwendige Anlage.In the case of a screen press, the fibrous suspension is introduced and pressed between a screen and a roller or between two screens so that the water emerges. This creates a moist fibrous web. Depending on the operating parameters, this membrane has a weight per unit area of between 500 and 2000 g / m 2 , although deviating values can also be useful. The wet web is removed from the area of the screen or screens and must then be torn into flat pieces. Although these can easily be brought to the desired temperature, a relatively long heating-up time is required. For example, warm-up times of several minutes must be accepted, especially if a temperature above 90 o C is desired. The hot crumb is then fed to the disperser. The whole requires a fairly complex system.

Bei einer Schneckenpresse wird die Faserstoffsuspension zwischen einer Förderschnecke und einem diese umgebenden gelochten Mantel ausgepreßt, wobei das Wasser durch den Mantel austritt. Der dabei entstehende Preßling oder Pfropfen wird aus der Schnecke ausgedrückt und zerbricht in Teilstücke. Diese lassen sich auch nur in einer relativ langen Aufheizzeit auf die gewünschte Temperatur bringen. Eine weitere Zerkleinerung kann z.B. in einer Zerreißschnecke oder einem System mit gegenläufigen Rotoren erfolgen, was aber sehr aufwendig ist.In a screw press, the fiber suspension is between one Conveyor screw and a perforated jacket surrounding it, the Water leaks through the jacket. The resulting compact or graft expressed from the snail and breaks into pieces. These can only be in a relatively long heating-up time to the desired temperature. Another Shredding can e.g. in a shredder screw or a system with counter rotating Rotors are made, which is very expensive.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren zu schaffen, mit dem es gelingt, die Aufheizzeiten zu verkürzen und gleichzeitig den apparativen und räumlich beträchtlichen Bauaufwand zu reduzieren.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method with which the Shorten heating times and at the same time the equipment and space to reduce considerable construction effort.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 1 genannten Merkmale vollständig gelöst.This object is achieved by the features mentioned in the characterizing part of claim 1 completely solved.

Mit Hilfe des Verfahrens ist es möglich, erstens mit geringem Aufwand einen ausreichend feinen Krümelstoff herzustellen, der sich entsprechend schnell aufheizen läßt und zweitens ist der apparative Aufwand relativ gering, da sich die Vorgänge Zerkleinerung, Aufheizung und Dispergierung in einer einzigen Vorrichtung durchführen lassen.With the help of the method it is possible, firstly, with little effort to produce enough fine crumbs that heat up quickly lets and secondly, the expenditure on equipment is relatively low, since the processes Shredding, heating and dispersion in a single device have it carried out.

Der hochkonsistente Papierfaserstoff kann entweder als Pfropfen oder in Form eines lockeren, lediglich vorzerkleinerten Hochkonsistenzstoffes direkt in die Garnitur eines Dispergers eingegeben werden. Der Stoff wird dann von der, in Flußrichtung gesehen, ersten Zerkleinerungsstufe des Dispergers erfaßt, zerkleinert und verwirbelt, wobei die feinen Faserkrümel entstehen. Durch Einspeisen von Dampf in die der ersten Zerkleinerungsstufe stromab folgenden Zone wird der Stoff dann auf die notwendige Temperatur aufgeheizt, wobei infolge der vorangegangenen intensiven Zerkleinerung eine relativ kurze Aufheizzeit ausreicht. Die eigentliche Dispergierung, d.h. Veränderung der Stoffeigenschaften erfolgt in der Dispergierzone, die sich stromabwärts anschließt. The highly consistent paper pulp can either be used as a plug or in the form of a loose, only pre-shredded high consistency fabric directly into the clothing of one Dispergers can be entered. The fabric is then seen from the direction of flow the first crushing stage of the disperser is detected, crushed and swirled, whereby the fine fiber crumbs arise. By feeding steam into that of the first Crushing stage downstream of the following zone, the material is then cut to the necessary Temperature warmed up, due to the previous intensive crushing a relatively short heating-up time is sufficient. The actual dispersion, i.e. The material properties change in the dispersion zone, which changes connects downstream.

Die Erfindung und ihre Vorteile werden erläutert anhand von Zeichnungen. Dabei zeigen:

Fig. 1
die grundsätzlichen Verfahrensschritte anhand eines erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Dispergers;
Fig. 2a+b
ein Zerkleinerungselement in 2 Ansichten;
Fig. 3
eine Variante mit geänderter Stoffzuführung und geändertem Dampfraum;
Fig. 4
Teil des Dampfraumes in Draufsicht, schematisch.
The invention and its advantages are explained with reference to drawings. Show:
Fig. 1
the basic method steps using a disperger designed according to the invention;
2a + b
a shredding element in 2 views;
Fig. 3
a variant with a modified material feed and steam room;
Fig. 4
Part of the steam room in top view, schematic.

Fig. 1 zeigt das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren anhand einer dazu verwendbaren Vorrichtung. Bei dieser Lösung wird der hochkonsistente Papierfaserstoff S als Pfropfen 1, aus der Eindickpresse 15 kommend, direkt in den Bereich der Dispergergarnitur gedrückt. Bei der hier gezeigten Ausführung handelt es sich um eine Dispergergarnitur mit radialem Stofffluß, mit einem Stator 2 und einem Rotor 4. Grundsätzlich könnte auch ein Axialdisperger oder Kneter verwendet werden. Der hier gezeigte Disperger 3 wird radial innen beschickt, wozu im Zentrum des Rotors 4 ein erstes Zerkleinerungselement 5 angebracht ist, welches z.B. flügel- oder kreuzförmige Zerkleinerungsleisten 6 tragen kann. Der hier gegengedrückte Pfropfen 1 wird abgeschält oder abgeraspelt und dadurch in feine Krümel zerteilt, die hier allerdings nicht gezeichnet sind. Primäre Statorzähne 7 bremsen den Stoff ab und verlängern dadurch seine Verweilzeit im sich radial außen anschließenden Dampfraum 8. Durch das Auftreffen des vom Zerkleinerungselement 5 abgeschleuderten Faserstoffes wird dieser weiter zerteilt. Vorteilhaft ist eine Zerkleinerung bis auf Stippengröße, um die Aufheizzeit niedrig zu halten.1 shows the method according to the invention using a method that can be used for this purpose Contraption. In this solution, the highly consistent paper pulp S is used as a plug 1, coming from the thickening press 15, directly into the area of the disperser set pressed. The version shown here is a disperger set with a radial flow of material, with a stator 2 and a rotor 4. In principle, could an axial disperger or kneader can also be used. The Disperger 3 shown here is loaded radially inside, for which a first in the center of the rotor 4 Comminution element 5 is attached, which e.g. wing-shaped or cross-shaped Crushing bars 6 can carry. The stopper 1 pressed here becomes peeled off or grated off and thereby broken up into fine crumbs, but here are not drawn. Primary stator teeth 7 slow down the fabric and lengthen it thereby its dwell time in the radially outer steam chamber 8 Impact of the fiber material thrown off by the comminution element 5 becomes this further divided. Crushing down to the size of the speck is an advantage Keep heating time low.

Der Dampfraum 8 ist im wesentlichen ringförmig und enthält keine der mechanischen Dispergierung dienenden Zähne. Bekanntlich wird Dispergierung dadurch bewirkt, daß Zähne mit relativ hoher Geschwindigkeit relativ dicht aneinander vorbeibewegt werden und der dazwischen sich befindliche Faserstoff starken Scherkräften unterworfen wird. Diese Funktion hat erst die sich radial weiter außen dem Dampfraum 8 anschließende Dispergierzone 9. Dort sind dann hohe Umfangsgeschwindigkeiten der Dispergierzähne möglich und vorteilhaft, während die radial weiter innen liegenden Zerkleinerungsleisten 6 langsamer sind und daher den ankommenden Pfropfen 1 schonend zerkleinern. Innerhalb des Dampfraumes 8 wird der Stoff also nicht mechanisch dispergiert. Im Bedarfsfalle können jedoch Einbauten 18 (Fig. 4) vorhanden sein, die die Bewegung des umlaufenden Stoffes abbremsen und den Stoff auflockern. Das wird später noch erläutert. Über die Dampfrohre 11 zugegebener Heizdampf ST wird mit dem Faserstoff in Berührung gebracht. Dabei wird er im Dampfraum 8 verwirbelt oder wenigstens aufgelockert gehalten, so daß er gut vom Dampf durchdrungen werden kann. Die Aufheizung wird im wesentlichen durch Kondensation des Dampfes erreicht, d.h. Dampf wird ständig nachgespeist. Die Nachspeisung verbessert die Wirbelung und die Auflockerung der Faserstoffkrümel. Nach der Dispergierung fällt der dispergierte Faserstoff S' durch den Auslaß 13 heraus.The vapor space 8 is essentially ring-shaped and does not contain any of the mechanical ones Dispersion teeth. As is known, dispersion is brought about by the fact that Teeth are moved relatively close together at a relatively high speed and the fiber between them is subjected to strong shear forces. This function only has that which adjoins the steam chamber 8 radially further outside Dispersion zone 9. There are then high peripheral speeds of the dispersion teeth possible and advantageous, while the ones lying radially further inside Crushing bars 6 are slower and therefore the incoming stopper 1 shred gently. The substance is therefore not within the vapor space 8 mechanically dispersed. If necessary, however, internals 18 (FIG. 4) can be present that slow down the movement of the circulating fabric and loosen the fabric. The will be explained later. Heating steam ST is added via the steam pipes 11 brought into contact with the fiber. He is swirled in the steam room 8 or at least kept loosened so that it is well penetrated by the steam can. The heating is essentially achieved by condensation of the steam, i.e. Steam is constantly replenished. The make-up improves the swirl and the loosening of the fiber crumbs. After the dispersion, the dispersed falls Fibrous material S 'through outlet 13.

Durch den Pfropfen 1 und den Stoff in der Dispergierzone 9 ist der Dampfraum 8 leicht gegen die Außenwelt abzudichten. Vorteilhaft ist auch der Abschluß der Dispergierzone 9 durch einen Drosselring 10, weil sich dadurch der Füllungsgrad der Garnitur steuern läßt. Im Zusammenhang mit der Erfindung ist ein hoher und gleichmäßiger Füllungsgrad in der Dispergierzone 9 besonders vorteilhaft, weil sonst der Außendurchmesser der Dispergergarnitur sehr groß gewählt werden müßte, um die gewünschte spezifische Arbeit auf den Faserstoff übertragen zu können. Ein solcher Drosselring ist z.B. durch die DE 195 23 703 A1 bekannt.The vapor space 8 is light due to the plug 1 and the substance in the dispersion zone 9 to seal against the outside world. It is also advantageous to terminate the dispersion zone 9 through a throttle ring 10 because this controls the degree of filling of the set leaves. In connection with the invention is a high and uniform degree of filling particularly advantageous in the dispersion zone 9, because otherwise the outer diameter of the Disperger very large would have to be chosen to the desired specific To be able to transfer work to the pulp. Such a throttle ring is e.g. by DE 195 23 703 A1 is known.

Insgesamt betrachtet, ergibt sich bei dieser erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrensführung eine hohe Wirkung auf kleinstem Raum, weshalb sehr kompakte Vorrichtungen möglich sind. Die Größe des Dampfraumes 8 muß selbstverständlich so festgelegt werden, daß der darin befindliche Krümelstoff die zur Erwärmung erforderliche Verweilzeit hat. Größenordnungsmäßig werden etwa 1 bis 2 Sekunden Verweilzeit benötigt; diese Zeit hängt von der gewünschten Temperatur und von der Feinheit des Krümelstoffes ab.Considered overall, this results in a procedure according to the invention high impact in the smallest space, which is why very compact devices are possible. The size of the steam room 8 must of course be determined so that the crumbs in it have the dwell time required for heating. Approximately 1 to 2 seconds of dwell time are required; this time depends on the desired temperature and the fineness of the crumb.

Fig. 2a und 2b zeigen eine mögliche Ausgestaltung des Zerkleinerungselementes 5 in der Seitenansicht (2a) bzw. Draufsicht (2b). Man erkennt die radial ausgerichteten Zerkleinerungsleisten 6. Deren Wirkung wird auf die geforderte Zerkleinerungsaufgabe abgestimmt, wobei insbesondere eine Faserschädigung besonders bei noch kalten Fasern weitestgehend zu vermeiden ist. Sie haben aber auch die Aufgabe, den erzeugten feinen Krümelstoff aufzulockern und abzuschleudern.2a and 2b show a possible embodiment of the comminution element 5 in the Side view (2a) or top view (2b). You can see the radially aligned Shredding bars 6. Their effect is on the required shredding task matched, in particular a fiber damage especially when the fibers are still cold is to be avoided as far as possible. But they also have the task of producing the fine one Loosen and throw off crumbs.

Die Fig. 3 zeigt eine weitere erfindungsgemäße Lösung mit dem hauptsächlichen Unterschied, daß der hochkonsistente Papierfaserstoff nicht als kompaktierter Pfropfen, sondern in mehr oder weniger lockerer Form vorzerkleinert in die Dispergiervorrichtung eingetragen wird. Ein solcher vorzerkleinerter Stoff fällt z.B. an, wenn die Eindickung auf einer Siebpresse erfolgt ist, aus der bekanntlich der eingedickte Papierfaserstoff als feuchte Bahn herausläuft. Durch anschließende Zerkleinerung, z.B. in einer Zerreißschnecke, wird der Stoff dann so weit vorzerkleinert, daß er in Schneckensystemen förderbar ist. Der vorzerkleinerte Stoff wird dann vor dem Eintritt in den Disperger 3' - wie hier in Fig. 2 dargestellt - durch eine Zuführschnecke 16 erfaßt und unmittelbar in den zentralen Einlauf des Dispergers 3' geführt. Diese Zuführschnecke 16 kann zwar eine stopfende Wirkung haben, das ist aber nicht erforderlich, um das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren durchzuführen. Vielmehr kann sie auch als Bandschnecke ausgeführt sein, welche lediglich am Außendurchmesser ein schraubenlinienförmiges Band 17 aufweist und vergleichmäßigend fördert. Mit Vorteil kann der Stoff in ihr schon vorgewärmt werden, wozu möglicherweise vorhandene Dampfleitungen 11' dienen. Dann ist der Zerkleinerungsschritt faserschonender und die spätere Aufheizung auf Dispergiertemperatur geht schneller. Wenn der Stoff relativ locker in den zentralen Einlauf des Dispergers eingeführt wird, bietet er nicht den Gegenhalt eines festen Pfropfens, wie in Fig. 1 gezeigt. Die Feinzerkleinerung ist aber dennoch möglich, da der Stoff eine geringere Radialgeschwindigkeit hat als die Zerkleinerungsleisten 6, die auf dem Zerkleinerungselement 5 angebracht sind. Oft können auch die primären Statorzähne 7 neben ihrer abbremsenden Wirkung die Zerkleinerung begünstigen.3 shows a further solution according to the invention with the main one The difference is that the highly consistent paper pulp is not as compact Grafting, but pre-shredded into the more or less loose form Dispersing device is entered. Such a pre-shredded material falls e.g. when the thickening has been carried out on a screen press, from which the Thickened paper pulp runs out as a wet web. By subsequent Crushing, e.g. in a snail, the fabric becomes so wide pre-crushed that it can be conveyed in screw systems. The pre-shredded material is then before entering the Disperger 3 '- as shown here in Fig. 2 - by a feed screw 16 detects and directly into the central inlet of the disperser 3 'performed. This feed screw 16 can have a stuffing effect, that is but not necessary to carry out the method according to the invention. Much more it can also be designed as a band screw, which is only on the outer diameter has a helical band 17 and comparatively promotes. With Advantage, the fabric in it can already be preheated, possibly for what existing steam lines 11 'serve. Then the crushing step gentler on fibers and later heating to dispersion temperature is faster. If the fabric is relatively loosely fed into the central inlet of the disperser, it does not offer the support of a solid plug, as shown in Fig. 1. The However, fine grinding is still possible because the material is less Radial speed than the shredding bars 6, which on the Crushing element 5 are attached. Often the primary stator teeth 7 in addition to their slowing effect, they promote comminution.

Bei der in Fig 3 gezeigten Ausführungsform erfolgt die Zugabe des Heizdampfes ST am radial äußeren Rand des Dampfraumes 8 und damit anders als in Fig.1. Dadurch soll eine Gegenstromaufheizung erreicht werden, was natürlich ein entsprechendes Zentrifugalfeld im Dampfraum 8 vorausgesetzt. Je nach eingespeister - und kondensierter - Dampfmenge wirbelt der Dampf den Krümelstoff im Dampfraum zusätzlich auf. Ähnliche Überlegungen bezüglich der optimalen Damfzugabeorte sind auch bei anderen Ausgestaltungen, z.B. der gemäß Fig. 1 anzustellen.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the heating steam ST is added on radially outer edge of the steam chamber 8 and thus different than in Fig.1. This is supposed to Countercurrent heating can be achieved, which of course is a corresponding Centrifugal field in the steam room 8 provided. Depending on the feed - and condensed - amount of steam, the steam swirls the crumb in the steam room additionally on. Similar considerations regarding the optimal dam addition locations are also in other configurations, e.g. to start according to FIG. 1.

Um im Dampfraum 8 eine ausreichende Auflockerung der feinen Faserstoffkrümel zu gewährleisten, können in diesem Bereich weitere Einbauten vorgesehen sein, welche eine bremsende und/oder auch auflockernde Wirkung auf den Faserstoff ausüben. Das können Stifte oder kleine Flügel sein, welche so auszugestalten sind, daß sie das Volumen des Dampfraumes 8 nicht wesentlich verkleinern. Denkbare Einbauten 18 und 18' sind in Fig. 4 angedeutet, gemäß der die Einbauten statorseitig verankert sind. Solche Einbauten 18, 18' können z.B. runde, abgerundete oder mit Prallkanten versehene Stifte sein.To ensure sufficient loosening of the fine fiber crumbs in the steam chamber 8 ensure, further installations can be provided in this area, which exert a braking and / or loosening effect on the fiber. The can be pens or small wings, which are designed so that they have the volume of the steam room 8 does not significantly reduce. Conceivable internals 18 and 18 'are 4 indicated according to which the internals are anchored on the stator side. Such Baffles 18, 18 'can e.g. round, rounded or with baffle edges Be pens.

Wichtig ist, daß der feine Krümelstoff im Dampfraum ausreichend locker ist, um den Heizdampf an alle freien Oberflächen gelangen zu lassen.It is important that the fine crumb material in the steam room is sufficiently loose to the To allow heating steam to reach all free surfaces.

Die innere Reihe der hier gezeichneten Dispergierzähne 19 gehört zum Rotor. Der Stoff gelangt zwischen diese Dispergierzähne und wird durch die Dispergierzone 9 gedrückt. In anderen Fällen kann es vorteilhaft sein, den Dampfraum radial außen durch eine zum Stator gehörende Zahnreihe abzuschließen.The inner row of the dispersing teeth 19 shown here belongs to the rotor. The fabric passes between these dispersing teeth and is pressed through the dispersing zone 9. In other cases, it can be advantageous to radially outer the vapor space through a To complete the row of teeth belonging to the stator.

Claims (22)

Verfahren zur Dispergierung eines Papierfaserstoffes,
welches von einem hochkonsistenten Papierfaserstoff (S) ausgeht,
diesen in einen aufgelockerten Zustand versetzt und
mit einem gas- bzw. dampfförmigen Heizmedium vermischt, aufheizt und dispergiert,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Papierfaserstoff (S) in einem Zerkleinerungsschritt in feine Faserstoffkrümel umgewandelt und anschließend in einen Dampfraum (8) geführt wird und daß sich der Dampfraum (8) in derselben Vorrichtung befindet wie die Dispergierzone (9), in der die Faserstoffkrümel dispergiert werden.Process for dispersing a paper pulp,
which is based on a highly consistent paper pulp (S),
put it in a relaxed state and
mixed with a gaseous or vaporous heating medium, heated and dispersed,
characterized by
that the paper pulp (S) is converted into fine pulp crumbs in a comminution step and then passed into a steam space (8) and that the steam space (8) is in the same device as the dispersion zone (9) in which the pulp crumbs are dispersed. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß Zerkleinerungsschritt, Auflockerung, Aufheizung und Dispergierung zwischen Stator (2) und Rotor (4) eines Dispergers durchgeführt werden, wobei Stator (2) und Rotor (4) jeweils mit konzentrischen Zahnreihen versehen sind, und die Zähne axial in die Zwischenräume der Gegengarnitur hineinreichen.Method according to claim 1,
characterized by
that comminution step, loosening, heating and dispersion between stator (2) and rotor (4) of a disperser are carried out, the stator (2) and rotor (4) each being provided with concentric rows of teeth, and the teeth extending axially into the spaces between the counterparts . Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die feinen Faserstoffkrümel eine maximale Dicke von höchstens 5 mm haben.The method of claim 1 or 2,
characterized by
that the fine fiber crumbs have a maximum thickness of at most 5 mm. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die feinen Faserstoffkrümel eine maximale Längenerstreckung von höchstens 10 mm haben. The method of claim 1, 2 or 3,
characterized by
that the fine fiber crumbs have a maximum length of at most 10 mm. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, 2, 3 oder 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die feinen Faserstoffkrümel in dem Heizmedium verwirbelt werden und zumindest während des überwiegenden Teils der erforderlichen Aufheizzeit in dem Wirbelzustand sind.The method of claim 1, 2, 3 or 4,
characterized by
that the fine fiber crumbs are swirled in the heating medium and are in the swirling state at least for the majority of the required heating time. Verfahren nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die mittlere Verweilzeit der feinen Faserstoffkrümel im Dampfraum (8) zwischen 0,5 und 3 sec beträgt.Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the average residence time of the fine fiber crumbs in the vapor space (8) is between 0.5 and 3 seconds. Verfahren nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Heizmedium Heizdampf (ST) ist und im radial äußeren Bereich des Dampfraumes (8) zugegeben wird.Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the heating medium is heating steam (ST) and is added in the radially outer region of the steam space (8). Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Heizmedium Heizdampf (ST) ist und im radial inneren Bereich des Dampfraumes (8) zugegeben wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized by
that the heating medium is heating steam (ST) and is added in the radially inner region of the steam space (8). Verfahren nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß im Dampfraum (8) Mittel vorgesehen sind, welche die Bewegung der darin befindlichen feinen Faserstoffkrümel abbremsen.Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that means are provided in the steam chamber (8) which brake the movement of the fine fiber crumbs located therein. Verfahren nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Radialbewegung des Faserstoffes in der Dispergierzone (9) gedrosselt wird. Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the radial movement of the fibrous material in the dispersion zone (9) is throttled. Verfahren nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die maximale Geschwindigkeit des den Zerkleinerungsschritt auslösenden Werkzeuges zwischen 10 und 30 m/sec liegt.Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the maximum speed of the tool triggering the comminution step is between 10 and 30 m / sec. Verfahren nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Zerkleinerungsschritt mit Mitteln durchgeführt wird, die unmittelbar an den aus einer Entwässerungsschnecke ausgetretenen Stoffpfropfen angreifen.Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the comminution step is carried out with means which directly attack the plug of material which has emerged from a dewatering screw. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Zerkleinerungsschritt mit Mitteln durchgeführt wird, die an Faserstoff-Stücken angreifen, die durch Vorzerkleinern einer von einer Siebpresse abgelaufenen, feuchten Faserstoffbahn entstanden sind.Method according to one of claims 1 to 11,
characterized by
that the comminution step is carried out with means which attack pieces of fibrous material which have been produced by pre-comminuting a moist fibrous web of material which has run off a screen press. Verfahren nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der hochkonsistente Faserstoff auch bereits vor dem Zerkleinerungsschritt erwärmt wird.Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized by
that the highly consistent fibrous material is also heated before the size reduction step. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche mit einer Dispergergarnitur,
welche mindestens einen stillstehenden Stator (2) und mindestens einen rotierbaren Rotor (4) umfaßt,
in der in einer Dispergierzone (9) mehrere Zahnreihen in einem Abstand von höchstens 3 mm relativ zueinander bewegbar sind,
wobei der Rotor (4) ein Zerkleinerungswerkzeug enthält,
welches sich in der Nähe der Einlaßöffnung für den zu dispergierenden, hochkonsistenten Faserstoff (S) befindet,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Zerkleinerungswerkzeug mit Schabern oder Messern versehen ist und daß sich stromabwärts ein ringförmiger Dampfraum (8) anschließt, der der Aufheizung des in der Zerkleinerungszone gebildeten feinen Krümelstoffes dient und daß radial weiter außen die Dispergierzone (9) folgt.Device for carrying out the method according to one of the preceding claims with a disperger set,
which comprises at least one stationary stator (2) and at least one rotatable rotor (4),
in which several rows of teeth can be moved at a distance of at most 3 mm relative to one another in a dispersion zone (9),
the rotor (4) containing a comminution tool,
which is located near the inlet opening for the high-consistency pulp (S) to be dispersed,
characterized by
that the crushing tool is provided with scrapers or knives and that an annular steam space (8) is connected downstream, which serves to heat the fine crumb material formed in the crushing zone and that the dispersion zone (9) follows radially further out. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 15,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Dampfraum (8) stromaufwärts durch eine Statorzahnreihe begrenzt wird, wobei die dazugehörigen primären Statorzähne (7) bis auf einen Spalt von höchstens 3 mm an den Rotor heranreichen.Device according to claim 15,
characterized by
that the steam space (8) is delimited upstream by a row of stator teeth, the associated primary stator teeth (7) reaching up to a gap of at most 3 mm to the rotor. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 16,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die primären Statorzähne (7) einen Abstand von mindestens 50 mm in Umfangsrichtung haben.Device according to claim 16,
characterized by
that the primary stator teeth (7) have a distance of at least 50 mm in the circumferential direction. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 15, 16 oder 17,
dadurchg gekennzeichnet,
daß der Dampfraum (8) stromabwärts durch eine Rotorzahnreihe begrenzt wird, wobei die dazugehörigen primären Rotorzähne (7) bis auf einen Spalt von höchstens 3 mm an den Rotor heranreichen.Device according to claim 15, 16 or 17,
characterized by
that the steam space (8) is delimited downstream by a row of rotor teeth, the associated primary rotor teeth (7) reaching up to a gap of at most 3 mm to the rotor. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 15, 16, 17 oder 18,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Dampfraum (8) durch Dampfrohre (11) mit einer Dampfzuführleitung verbunden ist.Apparatus according to claim 15, 16, 17 or 18,
characterized by
that the steam chamber (8) is connected by steam pipes (11) to a steam supply line. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 15, 16, 17, 18 oder 19,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Dispergierzone (9) radial außen durch eine Drossel abgeschlossen wird, die den Durchströmquerschnitt einstellbar macht.Apparatus according to claim 15, 16, 17, 18 or 19,
characterized by
that the dispersion zone (9) is closed radially on the outside by a throttle which makes the flow cross-section adjustable. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 20,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Drossel durch einen mit Öffnungen versehenen Drosselring (10) gebildet wird, wobei das Einstellen durch Verdrehen des Drosselringes (10) erfolgen kann.Device according to claim 20,
characterized by
that the throttle is formed by a throttle ring (10) provided with openings, the adjustment being able to take place by turning the throttle ring (10). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 20,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Drossel durch einen Drosselring (10) gebildet wird, wobei das Einstellen durch Axialverschieben des Drosselringes (10) erfolgen kann.Device according to claim 20,
characterized by
that the throttle is formed by a throttle ring (10), wherein the adjustment can be done by axially displacing the throttle ring (10).
EP98101955A 1997-03-26 1998-02-05 Process and apparatus to disperse a paper fibers slurry Expired - Lifetime EP0886001B1 (en)

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DE19712653A DE19712653C2 (en) 1997-03-26 1997-03-26 Method and device for dispersing a waste paper pulp

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EP0886001B1 (en) 2002-07-03
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NO981018D0 (en) 1998-03-09
DE59804634D1 (en) 2002-08-08
US6634583B2 (en) 2003-10-21
NO981018L (en) 1998-09-28
DE19712653A1 (en) 1998-10-01
NO312683B1 (en) 2002-06-17
US6250573B1 (en) 2001-06-26
US20010015389A1 (en) 2001-08-23

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