EP0876469A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von granularen wasch- oder reinigungsmitteln oder komponenten hierfür - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von granularen wasch- oder reinigungsmitteln oder komponenten hierfürInfo
- Publication number
- EP0876469A1 EP0876469A1 EP96938109A EP96938109A EP0876469A1 EP 0876469 A1 EP0876469 A1 EP 0876469A1 EP 96938109 A EP96938109 A EP 96938109A EP 96938109 A EP96938109 A EP 96938109A EP 0876469 A1 EP0876469 A1 EP 0876469A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- granules
- weight
- acid
- cleaning agents
- components
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003857 carboxamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003123 carboxymethyl cellulose sodium Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960000541 cetyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108010005400 cutinase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VTIIJXUACCWYHX-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;carboxylatooxy carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)OOC([O-])=O VTIIJXUACCWYHX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- DUYCTCQXNHFCSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dtpmp Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)CN(CP(O)(O)=O)CCN(CP(O)(=O)O)CCN(CP(O)(O)=O)CP(O)(O)=O DUYCTCQXNHFCSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007046 ethoxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002791 glucosyl group Chemical group C1([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019421 lipase Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000250 methylamino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000005673 monoalkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004573 morpholin-4-yl group Chemical group N1(CCOCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 229940043348 myristyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-hexadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXLLDUPXUVRMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanediperoxoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)CCCCCCCC(=O)OO SXLLDUPXUVRMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004967 organic peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VGTPKLINSHNZRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoborinic acid Chemical class OB=O VGTPKLINSHNZRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003346 palm kernel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019865 palm kernel oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004965 peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium formate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C=O HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019254 sodium formate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012418 sodium perborate tetrahydrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940045872 sodium percarbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019351 sodium silicates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IBDSNZLUHYKHQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;3-oxidodioxaborirane;tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Na+].[O-]B1OO1 IBDSNZLUHYKHQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940012831 stearyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
- B01J2/22—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by pressing in moulds or between rollers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/06—Powder; Flakes; Free-flowing mixtures; Sheets
- C11D17/065—High-density particulate detergent compositions
Definitions
- Homogenizing devices conventional granulating devices, for example pellet press extruders with one or two shafts, planetary roller extruders and other apparatuses, can be used.
- a continuously operating twin-screw extruder is preferred.
- the premix which is plasticized in the extruder, emerges in the form of fine strands through a perforated die plate.
- the extrudate is then removed by means of a rotating cutting knife into almost spherical to cylindrical granules and this still plastic PMR granulate preferably rounded off in a conventional rounding machine, if necessary using small amounts of dry powder.
- other active ingredients in particular temperature-sensitive recipe components, can be added to the dried-on granulate, or sprayed on and sprayed on formed grain can be mixed to form a multigrain mixture
- the extrusion is carried out by means of a circular plate provided with nozzle bores.
- the hole nozzles can be arranged vertically or horizontally.
- the fine strands of approximately 0.5 to 5 mm, typically of 0.8, emerging through the hole shapes mm to 2.0 mm diameter are in a hot cut from a single or multi-bladed Rotating cutter head crushed into almost spherical to cylindrical granules.
- the knife sheaths of the cut-off day device either lie on the nozzle plate with a low contact pressure or form a gap with the plate that is very small compared to the diameter of the perforated nozzles.
- the homogeneous and solid, ⁇ eselfahiges premix must be of such consistency that it is plastically softened and extrudable under the pressure or under the entry of specific work, but that at the time of the exit from the hole shape, at which no more shear forces act on the system , the viscosity of the system is suddenly reduced in such a way that the extruded strand can be cut, to be precise cut to predetermined dimensions
- a disadvantage of this prior art method is that energy losses in the form of temperature increases occur under the high working pressure, so that the extruder housing, including the extruder pelletizing head, normally has to be cooled in order to prevent the viscosity of the premix from being so already during the extrusion drops sharply that an actual extrusion is no longer possible. Too high temperature increases also lead to the fact that temperature-sensitive ingredients, for example bleaching agents such as perborate or percarbonate, could not be used without cooling the housing
- gear press rolls are commercially available.For example, they can be purchased as granulate molding machines, in particular of the G series from Bepex GmbH, Leingart, Federal Republic of Germany.
- the granulate molding by means of a gear press roll takes place in such a way that the feed material is drawn in by the toothed rolls and through which Nozzle holes are pressed as part of this Press rollers use hollow gears with nozzle holes in the tooth base. Scraper blades fitted inside the wheel cut off the emerging pellets.
- the compression that can be achieved in addition to shaping is determined by the number of nozzles, the nozzle pressure and the ratio of nozzle diameter to nozzle length.
- the gear wheels used in the press roll according to the invention for molding the granules are hollow and have nozzle bores in the tooth base.
- a pressure of 10 to 200 bar, preferably 10 to 130 bar, in particular 30 to 60 bar, builds up within the press rolls, and the scraper blades present in the interior of the wheel or in the outlet of the press roll produce a granulate content of 0.5 to 10 mm, preferably 1 to 5 mm.
- plasticized premixes are supplied to the gear press rolls, which are 2 to 100% by weight, preferably 10 to 45% by weight and in particular above 10% by weight, for example 15 to 40% by weight .-% returned shares. It is not necessary to grind the coarse particles into smaller grains beforehand.
- plasticizers and / or lubricants used as auxiliaries can be solid, flowable, gel-like or pasty at room temperature without the need to use an additional liquid phase.
- Preferred plasticizers and / or lubricants are preparations based on surfactant components and / or based on water-soluble or water-emulsifiable or water-dispersible
- plasticizers and / or lubricants examples include numerous types of the nonionic surfactants commonly used in detergents and cleaning agents.
- Substances with a low melting point for example higher molecular weight polyethylene glycol ethers with molecular weights between 4,000 and 20,000 can be used as plasticizers and / or lubricants which are solid at room temperature
- the pastes are preferably used in amounts not exceeding 12% by weight, in particular in amounts between 0.5 and 10% by weight, and with particular advantage between 3 and 8% by weight, based on the total mixture. At least 30 are particularly suitable % By weight, preferably 40% by weight pastes and gels
- the surfactant components so formed form in which the granules formed dry Binder-like top and intermediate layers, which are jointly responsible for the cohesion of the grains can be anionic surfactant salts, in particular sulfates and sulfonates, from the wide range of compounds proposed here for detergents and cleaning agents, optionally in admixture with customary, nonionic compounds Particular importance is to be taken as an example in the production of textile detergents, a feed mixture of at least two solid components (spray-dried granules / fatty alkyl sulfate compound) with or without the addition of sodium piperborate (monohydrate and / or tetrahydrate) with the addition of 2 to 5% by weight of water and 4 to 8% by weight of a 55 to 65% Cg to C 3 alkylbenzenesulfonate paste (ABS paste) instead of the aforementioned combination of spray-dried granules and a fatty alkyl
- ABS paste 55 to 65% C
- APG alkyl polyglycoside
- polymer compounds are distinguished by a pronounced lubricating character, which provides the decisive processing aid in the processes according to the invention.
- these polymer components dry out in the formation of the granulate granules according to the invention into polymer films which, on the one hand, promote the connection of the grain and, on the other hand, easily return to the state of the solution or emulsification or dispersion when aqueous media are added.
- the granules can then be fed to a rounding step as in international patent application WO-A-91/02047.
- Usual rounding devices such as Marumerizer, but also sieve mills, as are commercially available from Bepex GmbH, for example, can be used here.
- Sieve mills of this type have the advantage that any coarse particles that may have occurred are reduced to a maximum grain size limit and the fractions of finer granules that are produced in this way can also be returned to the premix.
- the finally formed granulate granulate is preferably fed to a drying step, for example a fluidized bed dryer, in which, at moderately raised supply air temperatures, in particular up to a maximum of 80 ° C., correspondingly moderate final product temperatures of, for example, between 55 to 60 ° C. are set, but then not exceeded become.
- a drying step for example a fluidized bed dryer, in which, at moderately raised supply air temperatures, in particular up to a maximum of 80 ° C., correspondingly moderate final product temperatures of, for example, between 55 to 60 ° C. are set, but then not exceeded become.
- the product is cooled with cold air, for example.
- the content of free water in the granulate can be reduced.
- Preferred residual contents of unbound water are about 1% by weight, preferably in the range of about 0.1 to 0.5% by weight.
- the resulting, very low-dust product can be classified, for example sieved, to remove small coarse particles.
- the "internal drying" of the granules is also possible: by using moisture-binding components in the premix in the short processing time, the plasticizing effect of the liquid components presented can be used. Then, by binding at least partial components of these liquid components through the mixed-in components, the granules are dried "from the inside out", so that the external drying can be shortened or omitted entirely.
- Components which are able to bind water in the form of stall water are, for example, sodium sulfate and / or sodium carbonate in anhydrous or low-water form or else a zeolite which has been partially freed from water of crystallization
- granule systems are used which represent a combination of granules of different compositions.This way, the storage-stable combination of potentially reactive or at least only partially compatible components is achieved.
- this is conventional textile detergents, but now in this preparation form at least two Using granulate types in a mixture with one another
- the bleaching agent component in particular perborate or sodium carbonate containing water from the water, is pelletized with the use of a proportion of the plasticizers and / or lubricants.
- the material densities in the grain and thus also the bulk density of the granules are largely determined by the working pressures used in pressing the homogenized material through the perforated plates.
- Bulk densities in the range from 850 to 980 g / l can be set on the basis of commercially available textile detergent formulations, with good flowability and a preferably high, uniform, spherical grain structure.
- free-flowing granules in the dry state with uniform bulk densities of 950 to 980 g / l were achieved with an average particle size of the spherical granules in the range of, for example, about 1 mm.
- the method according to the invention is characterized by a very low proportion of returned goods.
- This portion of the return material after sieving the granules through a 1.6 mm sieve was in each case in the range of at most 10% by weight.
- sensitive formulation components for example activators for bleaching agents, enzymes, defoamers, in particular silicone defoamers, perfume and the like, can be added to the granules. Even then, detergent products with bulk densities in the range of about 900 g / l are still obtained.
- the textile detergents which are customary on the market today in the form of free-flowing powders and / or granules generally contain a combination of anionic-surfactant and non-surfactant active detergent components.
- the anionic surfactant components make up the largest proportion and the nonionic surfactants make up the smaller proportion of the surfactant mixture.
- textile detergent concentrates with surfactant contents can be up to 35% by weight and preferably in the range from about 15 to 25% by weight.
- nonionic surfactants usually used in detergents and cleaning agents are no problem, the pluming effects occurring in the spray drying, see definition in Rompp chemical lexicon, 4 edition, volume 5, page 3488, are omitted.
- the nonionic surfactants are easily added by incorporation into the mixture of substances before the press step, they can even provide valuable process help in the manner described here as a highly concentrated, aqueous gel or paste
- the invention relates to universal detergents for textiles which are present in this form of the free-flowing granules with bulk densities above 750 g / l, in particular above 800 g / l, for example in the range from 850 to 950 g / l and in a particularly important one Embodiment are characterized by a uniform particle shape and size.
- the preferred particle shape is spherical. Preferred particle sizes here are in the range from 0.5 to 10 mm ball diameter, in particular in the range from approximately 1 to 5 mm.
- the formulation components can correspond to the textile detergents that are commonly used today.
- Suitable anionic surfactants are, for example, those of the sulfonate and sulfate type.
- the surfactants of the sulfonate type are alkylbenzenesulfonates (Cg to C 13 alkyl), olefin sulfonates, ie mixtures of alkene and hydroxyalkanesulfonates and disulfonates, such as those obtained from C 2 to C 18 monoolefins with a terminal or internal double bond by sulfonation Gaseous sulfur trioxide and subsequent alkaline or acidic hydrolysis of the sulfonation products.
- alkanesulfonates which are obtainable from C1 2 - to Ciralkanes by sulfochlorination or sulfoxidation and subsequent hydrolysis or neutralization or by bisulfite addition to olefins, and in particular the esters of ⁇ -sulfofatty acids (ester sulfonates), for.
- esters of ⁇ -sulfofatty acids esters of ⁇ -sulfofatty acids (ester sulfonates)
- B. the ⁇ -sulfonated methyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids for.
- Suitable surfactants of the sulfate type are the sulfuric acid monoesters from primary alcohols of natural or synthetic origin, in particular from fatty alcohols, e.g. B. from coconut fatty alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, oleyl alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol or the C 10 -C 2 o-oxo alcohols, and those secondary alcohols of this chain length.
- the sulfuric acid monoesters with 1 to 6 moles of ethylene oxide ethoxylated alcohols, such as 2-methyl-branched C 9 -Cn alcohols with an average of 3.5 moles of ethylene oxide, are also suitable.
- Preferred fatty alkyl sulfates are derived from fatty alcohol mixtures obtained from coconut oil, palm and palm kernel oil, which additionally contain proportions of unsaturated alcohols, e.g. B. oleyl alcohol, may contain. Mixtures in which the proportion of the alkyl radicals is 30 to 70 find a preferred use % By weight on C 12 to 18 to 30% by weight on C 14 , 5 to 15% by weight on C 16 , less than 3% by weight on C 10 and 0 to 40% by weight on C 18 are distributed. Sulfated fatty acid monoglycerides are also suitable.
- the anionic surfactants can be present in the form of their sodium, potassium or ammonium salts and as soluble salts of organic bases, such as mono-, di- or triethanolamine.
- the anionic surfactants are preferably present in the form of their sodium or potassium salts.
- the content of anionic surfactants or anionic surfactant mixtures in detergents according to the invention is preferably 5 to 40% by weight, in particular 8 to 30% by weight.
- Addition products of 1-40, preferably 2-20 moles of ethylene oxide to one mole of an aliphatic compound having essentially 10-20 carbon atoms from the group of alcohols, carboxylic acids, fatty amines, carboxamides and alkanesulfonamides can be used as nonionic surfactants.
- bleach activators are N.N.N'.N'-tetraacetylethylene diamine, 1,4-diacetyl-2,4-dioxo-hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine, furthermore carboxylic acid anhydrides and esters of polyols, such as glucose pentaacetate.
- Suitable substitutes or partial substitutes for phosphates and zeolite are crystalline, layered silicates of the general formula NaMSi x O 2 _ * ⁇ yH 2 O, where M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1, 9 - 4 and y is a number from 0 - 20 is.
- Layered silicates of this type are described, for example, in European patent application 0164514.
- both ⁇ - and ⁇ -sodium disilicates Na 2 Si 2 ⁇ 5 • yH 2 O are preferred.
- Further builder substances are amorphous silicates with secondary washing power, for example those according to DE-P44 00 024.3, DE-P44 19 745.4 and DE-P44 46 363.4.
- zeolite and / or the crystalline sheet silicate and / or the amorphous silicate are preferably used either alone or with a zeolite to crystalline layered silicate or amorphous silicate weight ratio with secondary washing power of 10: 1 to 1: 3 and in particular 3: 1 to 1: 1.
- Copolymers of acrylic acid with maleic acid which contain 50 to 90% by weight of acrylic acid and 50 to 10% by weight of maleic acid, have proven to be particularly suitable.
- Their relative molecular weight, based on free acids, is generally 5,000 to 200,000, preferably 10,000 to 120,000 and in particular 50,000 to 100,000.
- biodegradable polymers for example those which, according to DE-A-43 00 772, are salts of monomers acrylic acid and maleic acid as well as vinyl alcohols or vinyl alcohol derivatives or according to DE-C-42 21 381 as monomers salts of acrylic acid and 2-alkyiallylsulfonic acid and sugar derivatives.
- copolymers are those which are described in German patent applications DE-A-43 03 320 and P 44 17 734.8 and which preferably contain acrolein and acrylic acid / acrylic acid salts or acrolein and vinyl acetate as monomers.
- phosphate can also be used, in particular pentasodium triphosphate, optionally also pyrophosphates such as orthophosphates, which act primarily as precipitants for lime salts.
- pentasodium triphosphate optionally also pyrophosphates such as orthophosphates, which act primarily as precipitants for lime salts.
- the phosphate content based on pentasodium triphosphate, is below 30% by weight.
- agents without a phosphate content are preferably used here.
- Suitable non-active foam inhibitors are, for example, organopolysiloxanes and mixtures thereof with microfine, optionally silanized silica and also paraffins, waxes, Mikrok ⁇ stallinwachse and mixtures thereof with silanized silica also of C 12 - to C ⁇ o-alkylamines and Cr to C ⁇ .
- Bisacylamides derived from dicarboxylic acids can be used.
- Mixtures of various foam inhibitors for example those of silicones, paraffins or waxes, are also advantageously used.
- the foam inhibitors are preferably bound to a granular, water-soluble or dispersible carrier substance or are admixed with the plasticizers and / or lubricants
- the agents can contain enzyme stabilizers.
- enzyme stabilizers For example, 0.5 to 1% by weight sodium formate can be used. It is also possible to use proteases with soluble calcium salts and a calcium content of preferably about 1.2 % By weight, based on the enzyme, are stabilized.
- boron compounds for example boric acid, boron oxide, borax and other alkali metal borates, such as the salts of orthoboric acid (H 3 BO 3 ), metaboric acid (HBO 2 ) and pyrobic acid (tetraboric acid H 2 B 4 O 7 ), is particularly advantageous. .
- the present invention relates to washing and cleaning agents containing granules of the aforementioned type, which are characterized in that they contain a surfactant content of up to 35% by weight, preferably 15 to 25% by weight.
- the solid components were placed in a batch mixer of 130 l, which was equipped with a cutter head shredder, and then with the mixer running, the premixed nonionic surfactant / PEG 400 mixture and then the carboxylate solution were added and the mixture was mixed for 30 seconds.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1995142570 DE19542570A1 (de) | 1995-11-15 | 1995-11-15 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von granularen Wasch- oder Reinigungsmitteln oder Komponenten hierfür |
| DE19542570 | 1995-11-15 | ||
| PCT/EP1996/004841 WO1997018290A1 (de) | 1995-11-15 | 1996-11-06 | Verfahren zur herstellung von granularen wasch- oder reinigungsmitteln oder komponenten hierfür |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0876469A1 true EP0876469A1 (de) | 1998-11-11 |
Family
ID=7777528
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96938109A Withdrawn EP0876469A1 (de) | 1995-11-15 | 1996-11-06 | Verfahren zur herstellung von granularen wasch- oder reinigungsmitteln oder komponenten hierfür |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0876469A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE19542570A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1997018290A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112138606B (zh) * | 2020-10-22 | 2025-04-01 | 广州市晟誉木制品有限公司 | 一种生物质燃料颗粒成型机 |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1569996A (de) * | 1968-04-23 | 1969-06-06 | ||
| US3947938A (en) * | 1974-01-22 | 1976-04-06 | Iu Conversion Systems, Inc. | Roll-pelletizer and rolls therefor for making uniform particle size pellets |
| DE3834785C1 (en) * | 1988-10-12 | 1989-05-24 | Gebr. Kaiser Maschinenfabrik, 4150 Krefeld, De | Apparatus for generating granules or pellets from flowable material |
| DE4336548C2 (de) * | 1992-11-14 | 1994-11-17 | Degussa | Verfahren zur Herstellung kugelförmiger Granulate aus pulverförmigen Feststoffen |
| DE4329064A1 (de) * | 1993-08-28 | 1995-03-02 | Henkel Kgaa | Gerüststoffkomponente für Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel |
| DE4415362A1 (de) * | 1994-05-02 | 1995-11-09 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur Herstellung silikatischer Buildergranulate mit erhöhtem Schüttgewicht |
-
1995
- 1995-11-15 DE DE1995142570 patent/DE19542570A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-11-06 WO PCT/EP1996/004841 patent/WO1997018290A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1996-11-06 EP EP96938109A patent/EP0876469A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO9718290A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1997018290A1 (de) | 1997-05-22 |
| DE19542570A1 (de) | 1997-05-22 |
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