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EP0844026B1 - Electrostatic separation apparatus for separating triboelectric charged mixtures of material - Google Patents

Electrostatic separation apparatus for separating triboelectric charged mixtures of material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0844026B1
EP0844026B1 EP97117099A EP97117099A EP0844026B1 EP 0844026 B1 EP0844026 B1 EP 0844026B1 EP 97117099 A EP97117099 A EP 97117099A EP 97117099 A EP97117099 A EP 97117099A EP 0844026 B1 EP0844026 B1 EP 0844026B1
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Prior art keywords
electrodes
separating
electrostatic
separating apparatus
separation
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EP97117099A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0844026A1 (en
Inventor
Iring Dr. Geisler
Hans-Jürgen Knauer
Ingo Dr. Stahl
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K+S AG
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K+S AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C7/00—Separating solids from solids by electrostatic effect
    • B03C7/006—Charging without electricity supply, e.g. by tribo-electricity or pyroelectricity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C7/00—Separating solids from solids by electrostatic effect
    • B03C7/02—Separators
    • B03C7/12—Separators with material falling free

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrostatic free fall separator mixtures of substances, e.g. for the separation of mineral raw materials or for Separation of plastic mixtures.
  • US A 2782923 describes an apparatus for processing ore Separator is an electrostatic free-fall separator that is also a tube electrode in the manner of a tubular gate.
  • Reverse polarity electrodes is a single voltage source connected so that there is a voltage gradient between these electrodes is available.
  • To influence the separation result is in the middle of the separation space another electrode of the same type in the direction of fall of the material to be separated Arranged type, whose potential can be regulated via a potentiometer, which is connected to the same voltage source is connected, can be varied.
  • One electrostatic separation is usually sufficient Not separator to selectively split into two components with satisfactory To separate purity. It is necessary to stage the products in two or more stages To separate plants. There are large funding paths between levels too overcome, the space requirement is considerable and the investment costs increase increasing number of stages.
  • a disadvantage of such multi-stage systems that in the Rule two and, in special cases, three or more separators, is that horizontal funding bodies, e.g. Screws, chain conveyors be required to switch intermediate fractions from one separator to the other to be able to promote others. In a system with two separators, there are two Horizontal conveyor required. The amount is increased by the horizontal conveyor circulating material significantly increased. This is essential with two Disadvantages connected.
  • the residence time of the goods increases Plant, which can lead to an increased discharge of the charged particles.
  • Discharge can occur through charge exchange between the charged particles take place, but also by contact of the particles with the wall materials of the Conveyor housing.
  • the other disadvantage of the increased circulation quantity is in that the setting of the separation equilibria is delayed. It is therefore the To solve the task, the generic free fall separator for electrostatic To further develop the separation so that the space requirement is the same or higher Separation performance drops and a stable operating condition is reached more quickly.
  • the electrodes receive their electrical potential via two separate voltage sources of different polarity.
  • One voltage source supplies a positive voltage against the potential earth and the other a negative voltage against the potential earth, whereby the potential difference against earth is zero in the middle of the separator.
  • the great advantage of this arrangement is that for a given field strength in the separation space and given the dimensions, the field strength between electrodes and housing drops to half the value, e.g. from the maximum permitted value of 2 KV / cm according to the DIN standard to only 1 KV / cm.
  • the voltage distribution according to the invention thus makes it possible to halve the safety distances between electrodes and housing with otherwise the same separation performance. This alone can reduce the volume of a separator from 8.6 to 3.8 m 3 for a throughput of 1 t / h, for example.
  • the Increase the field strength in the separation space without at the same time the distances to the housing need to increase. Because the higher field strength the particles in the field better can be deflected, the fall height can be reduced and thus the height can be saved be, or it can also coarser granules with given dimensions be separated.
  • a surface charge density is namely one spherical particles with radius r contribute to the deflection in the electric field constant field strength inversely proportional to the radius of the particle, i.e. at doubling the particle radius reduces the deflection by half. This, in turn, as far as the voltage resistance of the separator allows, compensate by doubling the field strength. With given dimensions a separator becomes the separation due to the voltage distribution allows coarser granules. This is particularly interesting when separating of plastic granules as part of the recycling of plastics.
  • the volume of the separator system for an installation with two separation stages can also be reduced. This is achieved by arranging two separation rooms in a row so that the electrode pairs, which each form a separation space, are close together lie and are separated from each other only by a non-conductive wall. there the electrodes of the same polarity are in alignment.
  • everyone who Separation rooms are with a separation room inlet in the usual design and at the lower end the drop distance with the known good discharges for medium goods, positively loaded goods and negatively charged goods.
  • each of the other good discharges can be chosen with one of the two Separation room inlets are connected via a conveyor unit.
  • the promotion expediently takes place pneumatically via a conveying fan or via a Elevator.
  • the separator system volume can be reduced from approx. 22 m 3 to 10 m 3 for a throughput of 1 t / h and two separation stages.
  • both features of the invention are combined with one another when building a plant with two separators and a predetermined grain size of a granulate to be separated, in the case of a 1 t / h plant the volume of the separator plant can be reduced from approx. 22 m 3 to approx. 6 m 3 . This corresponds to almost only a quarter of the volume of the system according to the state of the art.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that two horizontal conveyors be saved.
  • the housing 1 there are four rows of tube electrodes, the two pairs of electrodes Form 2a, 2b, arranged vertically so that the electrodes are the same Polarity in flight.
  • the electrode pairs are not electrical by one conductive wall 3 separated from each other and lie close together. It will two bounded by the wall 3 and the opposite electrodes 2a, 2b Separation spaces formed, each via a separation space inlet 4a, 4b each as Chute is trained to be loaded.
  • the position of the shaft 5a, 5b Separation tongues 6a, 6b set separately.
  • the separate voltage sources 9a and 9b are expediently in a shielded area of the Electrodes connected.
  • the polarity of the electrodes as well as the connection of the product outlets (7a, 7b) with the separating space inlets (4a, 4b) can be varied as desired, the advantages according to the invention occurring and a economic separation success is achieved.

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  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)

Abstract

An electrostatic separator of the free-fall type for classifying triboelectrically charged substance mixtures. This separator has a separate voltage source connected to each of the electrodes forming a pair of electrodes in such a way that the one voltage source supplies a positive voltage against ground potential and the other voltage source supplies a negative voltage against ground potential. This causes the potential difference against ground to be equal to zero in the center of the separator.

Description

Die Erfindung beirifft einen elektrostatischen Freifallscheider zur Trennung von Stoffgemischen, z.B. zur Trennung mineralischer Rohstoffe oder auch zur Trennung von Kunststoffgemischen.The invention relates to an electrostatic free fall separator mixtures of substances, e.g. for the separation of mineral raw materials or for Separation of plastic mixtures.

Nach dem Stand der Technik sind verschiedene Freifallscheider bekannt, die alle nach dem gleichen Prinzip arbeiten. Die zu trennenden Partikel werden auf triboelektrischem Wege selektiv gegensinnig aufgeladen und fallen durch einen Trennraum, der durch ein Elektrodenpaar begrenzt wird, dessen Elektroden durch Anlegen einer Gleichspannung gegensätzliche elektrische Polarität aufweisen. Dabei können die Elektroden als Platten, umlaufende Bänder oder auch als Reihe feststehender oder drehbar gelagerter Röhren ausgebildet sein. Durch die entsprechend der Ladung erfolgende Auslenkung der Teilchen werden in der Regel drei Produkte erhalten, ein negativ aufgeladenes Gut, ein positiv aufgeladenes Gut und ein Mittelgut. Durch am Ende der Fallstrecke angebrachte Trennzungen kann die Qualität der Produkte gesteuert werden. Ein Scheider, der nach dem bekannten Prinzip arbeitet, ist in Schubert, Aufbereitung fester mineralischer Rohstoffe, Band II, S.233/234, Leipzig 1967, beschrieben. Nach der DE 26 09 048 ist bekannt, als Elektroden umlaufende Bänder aus leitfähigem Material zu verwenden. Ein Röhrenfreifallscheider zur Trennung von Kunststoffgemengen ist Stand der Technik nach der DE 44 38 704. Zur Verbesserung der Reinheit der Trennprodukte werden hiernach die an sich bekannten Röhren versetzt angeordnet, so dass sie auf Lücke zueinander stehen. Die Selektivität der Trennung kann dadurch verbessert werden.Various free fall separators are known in the prior art everyone works on the same principle. The particles to be separated will open up selectively charged in the opposite direction and fall through one Separation space, which is delimited by a pair of electrodes, the electrodes by Applying a DC voltage have opposite electrical polarity. there can the electrodes as plates, circulating bands or as a series of fixed or rotatably mounted tubes. By the corresponding The charge deflection of the particles is usually three products received, a negatively charged good, a positively charged good and an intermediate good. By separating tongues attached at the end of the fall the quality of the Products are controlled. A separator that works on the well-known principle, is in Schubert, preparation of solid mineral raw materials, Volume II, p.233 / 234, Leipzig 1967. According to DE 26 09 048 it is known as electrodes all-round tapes made of conductive material. A tube free fall separator to separate plastic batches is state of the art according to DE 44 38 704. To improve the purity of the separation products, the tubes arranged in a staggered manner so that they are in a gap with each other stand. This can improve the selectivity of the separation.

Die US A 2782923 beschreibt einen Apparat zur Aufbereitung von Erz. Der Trennapparat ist ein elektrostatischer Freifallscheider der ebenfalls Röhrenelektroden in der Art eines Röhrengatters besitzt. An die in bekannter Art gegenüberliegenden Elektroden entgegengesetzter Polarität ist eine einzige Spannungsquelle angeschlossen, so dass zwischen diesen Elektroden ein Spannungsgefälle vorhanden ist. Zur Beeinflussung des Trennergebnisses ist in der Mitte des Trennraums in Fallrichtung des zu trennenden Gutes eine weitere Elektrode gleicher Bauart angeordnet, deren Potential regelbar über ein Potentiometer, welches an der gleichen Spannungsquelle angeschlossen ist, variiert werden kann. US A 2782923 describes an apparatus for processing ore Separator is an electrostatic free-fall separator that is also a tube electrode in the manner of a tubular gate. To the opposite in a known way Reverse polarity electrodes is a single voltage source connected so that there is a voltage gradient between these electrodes is available. To influence the separation result is in the middle of the separation space another electrode of the same type in the direction of fall of the material to be separated Arranged type, whose potential can be regulated via a potentiometer, which is connected to the same voltage source is connected, can be varied.

Bei der elektrostatischen Trennung reicht normalerweise ein einziger Scheider nicht aus, um selektiv in zwei Komponenten mit zufriedenstellender Reinheit zu trennen. Es ist erforderlich, die Produkte in zwei- oder mehrstufigen Anlagen nachzutrennen. Es sind große Förderwege zwischen den Stufen zu überwinden, der Platzbedarf ist beträchtlich, und die Investitionskosten steigen mit zunehmender Stufenzahl. Ein Nachteil solcher mehrstufigen Anlagen, die in der Regel zwei und in speziellen Fällen auch drei oder mehr Scheider umfassen können, besteht darin, dass horizontale Förderorgane, z.B. Schnecken, Kettenförderer erforderlich werden, um Zwischenfraktionen wechselseitig von einem Scheider zum anderen befördem zu können. Bei einer Anlage mit zwei Scheidern sind zwei solcher Horizontalförderer erforderlich. Durch die Horizontalförderer wird die Menge an umlaufendem Fördergut beträchtlich erhöht. Dies ist mit zwei wesentlichen Nachteilen verbunden. Zum einen erhöht sich die Verweilzeit des Gutes in der Anlage, was zu einer erhöhten Entladung der aufgeladenen Teilchen führen kann. Die Entladung kann durch Ladungsaustausch zwischen den aufgeladenen Teilchen erfolgen, aber auch durch Kontakt der Teilchen mit den Wandmaterialien der Fördergerätegehäuse. Der andere Nachteil der erhöhten Umlaufmenge besteht darin, das sich die Einstellung der Trenngleichgewichte verzögert. Es ist daher die Aufgabe zu lösen, den gattungsgemäßen Freifallscheider zur elektrostatischen Trennung so weiterzubilden, dass der Raumbedarf bei gleicher oder höherer Trennleistung sinkt und ein stabiler Betrielbszustand schneller erreicht wird.One electrostatic separation is usually sufficient Not separator to selectively split into two components with satisfactory To separate purity. It is necessary to stage the products in two or more stages To separate plants. There are large funding paths between levels too overcome, the space requirement is considerable and the investment costs increase increasing number of stages. A disadvantage of such multi-stage systems that in the Rule two and, in special cases, three or more separators, is that horizontal funding bodies, e.g. Screws, chain conveyors be required to switch intermediate fractions from one separator to the other to be able to promote others. In a system with two separators, there are two Horizontal conveyor required. The amount is increased by the horizontal conveyor circulating material significantly increased. This is essential with two Disadvantages connected. On the one hand, the residence time of the goods increases Plant, which can lead to an increased discharge of the charged particles. Discharge can occur through charge exchange between the charged particles take place, but also by contact of the particles with the wall materials of the Conveyor housing. The other disadvantage of the increased circulation quantity is in that the setting of the separation equilibria is delayed. It is therefore the To solve the task, the generic free fall separator for electrostatic To further develop the separation so that the space requirement is the same or higher Separation performance drops and a stable operating condition is reached more quickly.

Die Aufgabe wird nun erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass die Elektroden ihr elektrisches Potential über zwei separate Spannungsquellen unterschiedlicher Polarität erhalten. Die eine Spannungsquelle liefert eine positive Spannung gegen das Potential Erde und die andere eine negative Spannung gegen das Potential Erde, wodurch in der Scheidermitte die Potentialdifferenz gegen Erde Null ist. Der große Vorteil dieser Anordnung liegt nun darin, dass bei vorgegebener Feldstärke im Trennraum und bei den gegebenen Abmessungen die Feldstärke zwischen Elektroden und Gehäuse auf den halben Wert absinkt, z.B. von dem nach der DIN-Norm maximal zulässigen Wert von 2 KV/cm auf nur noch 1 KV/cm. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Spannungsaufteilung wird somit eine Halbierung der Sicherheitsabstände zwischen Elektroden und Gehäuse bei ansonsten gleicher Trennleistung möglich. Allein dadurch lässt sich bei einem einzelnen Scheider das Scheiderbauvolumen zum Beispiel für einen Durchsatz von 1 t/h von 8,6 auf 3,8 m3 reduzieren.The object is now achieved according to the invention in that the electrodes receive their electrical potential via two separate voltage sources of different polarity. One voltage source supplies a positive voltage against the potential earth and the other a negative voltage against the potential earth, whereby the potential difference against earth is zero in the middle of the separator. The great advantage of this arrangement is that for a given field strength in the separation space and given the dimensions, the field strength between electrodes and housing drops to half the value, e.g. from the maximum permitted value of 2 KV / cm according to the DIN standard to only 1 KV / cm. The voltage distribution according to the invention thus makes it possible to halve the safety distances between electrodes and housing with otherwise the same separation performance. This alone can reduce the volume of a separator from 8.6 to 3.8 m 3 for a throughput of 1 t / h, for example.

Alternativ lässt sich statt der Reduzierung der Gehäuseabstände auch die Feldstärke im Trennraum erhöhen, ohne gleichzeitig die Abstände zum Gehäuse hin erhöhen zu müssen. Da durch die höhere Feldstärke die Teilchen im Feld besser ausgelenkt werden, kann die Fallhöhe vermindert und damit Bauhöhe eingespart werden, oder es kann bei vorgegebenen Abmessungen auch gröberes Granulat getrennt werden. Bei vorgegebener Oberflächenladungsdichte ist nämlich bei einem kugelförmigen Teilchen mit dem Radius r die Auslenkung im elektrischen Feld bei konstanter Feldstärke umgekehrt proportional dem Radius des Teilchens, d.h. bei einer Verdoppelung des Teilchenradius verringert sich die Auslenkung auf die Hälfte. Dies wiederum läßt sich, soweit es die Spannungsfestigkeit des Scheiders zulässt, durch eine Verdoppelung der Feldstärke kompensieren. Bei vorgegebenen Maßen eines Scheiders wird daher durch die Spannungsaufteilung die Auftrennung gröberen Granulats ermöglicht. Dies ist vor allem interessant, bei der Auftrennung von Kunststoffgranulat im Rahmen des Recyclings von Kunststoffen.Alternatively, instead of reducing the housing distances, the Increase the field strength in the separation space without at the same time the distances to the housing need to increase. Because the higher field strength the particles in the field better can be deflected, the fall height can be reduced and thus the height can be saved be, or it can also coarser granules with given dimensions be separated. For a given surface charge density is namely one spherical particles with radius r contribute to the deflection in the electric field constant field strength inversely proportional to the radius of the particle, i.e. at doubling the particle radius reduces the deflection by half. This, in turn, as far as the voltage resistance of the separator allows, compensate by doubling the field strength. With given dimensions a separator becomes the separation due to the voltage distribution allows coarser granules. This is particularly interesting when separating of plastic granules as part of the recycling of plastics.

Nach einer besonderen Ausführung der Erfindung kann das Scheideranlagenvolumen für eine Anlage mit zwei Trennstufen zusätzlich reduziert werden. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, dass zwei Trennräume in Reihe so angeordnet werden, dass die Elektrodenpaare, die jeweils einen Trennraum bilden, dicht nebeneinander liegen und nur durch eine nichtleitende Wand voneinander getrennt sind. Dabei befinden sich die Elektroden gleicher Polarität jeweils in einer Flucht. Jeder der Trennräume ist mit einem Trennraumeinlauf in üblicher Bauart und am unteren Ende der Fallstrecke mit den bekannten Gutausträgen für Mittelgut, positiv geladenes Gut und negativ geladenes Gut versehen. Dabei sind insgesamt mindestens zwei Produktausläufe vorhanden. Je nach Trennaufgabe und geforderter Trennproduktqualität kann jeder der übrigen Gutausträge wahlweise mit einem der beiden Trennraumeinläufe über ein Förderaggregat verbunden werden. Die Förderung erfolgt zweckmäßigerweise pneumatisch über Fördergebläse oder über einen Elevator. According to a special embodiment of the invention, the volume of the separator system for an installation with two separation stages can also be reduced. This is achieved by arranging two separation rooms in a row so that the electrode pairs, which each form a separation space, are close together lie and are separated from each other only by a non-conductive wall. there the electrodes of the same polarity are in alignment. Everyone who Separation rooms are with a separation room inlet in the usual design and at the lower end the drop distance with the known good discharges for medium goods, positively loaded goods and negatively charged goods. There are at least two in total Product discontinued. Depending on the separation task and required separation product quality each of the other good discharges can be chosen with one of the two Separation room inlets are connected via a conveyor unit. The promotion expediently takes place pneumatically via a conveying fan or via a Elevator.

Nach dieser Ausführung lässt sich z.B. für einen Durchsatz von 1 t/h und zwei Trennstufen das Scheideranlagenvolumen von ca. 22 m3 auf 10 m3 senken.According to this version, the separator system volume can be reduced from approx. 22 m 3 to 10 m 3 for a throughput of 1 t / h and two separation stages.

Werden beim Bau einer Anlage mit zwei Scheidern und vorgegebener Komgröße eines zu trennenden Granulates beide Erfindungsmerkmale miteinander kombiniert, lässt sich im Falle einer 1 t/h Anlage eine Reduzierung des Scheideranlagenvolumens von ca. 22 m3 auf ca. 6 m3 realisieren. Dies entspricht nahezu nur noch einem Viertel des Volumens der Anlage nach dem Stande der Technik.If both features of the invention are combined with one another when building a plant with two separators and a predetermined grain size of a granulate to be separated, in the case of a 1 t / h plant the volume of the separator plant can be reduced from approx. 22 m 3 to approx. 6 m 3 . This corresponds to almost only a quarter of the volume of the system according to the state of the art.

Ein weiterer Voiteil der Erfindung besteht darin, dass zwei Horizontalförderorgane eingespart werden.Another advantage of the invention is that two horizontal conveyors be saved.

Die erfindungsgemäße technische Lösung wird nachfolgend anhand einer Trennvorrichtung mit zwei Trennstufen näher beschrieben. Dabei zeigen die

Figur 1 -
Frontansicht
Figur 2 -
Seitenansicht
Figur 3 -
Querschnitt in Höhe der Elektroden
Figur 4 -
Querschnitt durch den Auslaufbereich anhand einer Schaltung mit Vor- und Nachtrennung, Mittelgutrückführung und Ausfuhr von zwei Endprodukten
The technical solution according to the invention is described in more detail below with the aid of a separation device with two separation stages. The show
Figure 1 -
Front view
Figure 2 -
Side view
Figure 3 -
Cross section at the level of the electrodes
Figure 4 -
Cross-section through the outlet area using a circuit with pre- and night separation, return of middle goods and export of two end products

In dem Gehäuse 1 sind vier Reihen Röhrenelektroden, die zwei Elektrodenpaare 2a, 2b bilden, vertikal so angeordnet, dass sich die Elektroden gleicher Polarität in Flucht befinden. Die Elektrodenpaare sind durch eine elektrisch nicht leitende Wand 3 voneinander getrennt und liegen dicht nebeneinander. Es werden zwei durch die Wand 3 und die gegenüberliegenden Elektroden 2a, 2b begrenzte Trennräume gebildet, die über je einen Trennraumeinlauf 4a, 4b der jeweils als Schurre ausgebildet ist, beschickt werden. Über Wellen 5a, 5b wird die Stellung der Trennzungen 6a, 6b getrennt eingestellt. Die Trennprodukte positiv geladenes Produkt, Mittelgut, negativ geladenes Produkt fallen in die unter der Trennstrecke angebrachten Gutausträge 7a, 7b, wobei mindestens zwei Produktausträge vorhanden sind und die übrigen Gutausträge wahlweise mit einem der Förderaggregate 8a und 8b verbunden werden können. Die getrennten Spannungsquellen 9a und 9b werden zweckmäßigerweise in einem abgeschirmten Bereich der Elektroden angeschlossen.In the housing 1 there are four rows of tube electrodes, the two pairs of electrodes Form 2a, 2b, arranged vertically so that the electrodes are the same Polarity in flight. The electrode pairs are not electrical by one conductive wall 3 separated from each other and lie close together. It will two bounded by the wall 3 and the opposite electrodes 2a, 2b Separation spaces formed, each via a separation space inlet 4a, 4b each as Chute is trained to be loaded. The position of the shaft 5a, 5b Separation tongues 6a, 6b set separately. The separation products positively charged Product, middle goods, negatively charged product fall under the separation distance attached discharge 7a, 7b, with at least two product discharges are available and the other good discharges optionally with one of the Conveyor units 8a and 8b can be connected. The separate voltage sources 9a and 9b are expediently in a shielded area of the Electrodes connected.

Für die verschiedenen Trennaufgaben kann die Polung der Elektroden sowie die Verbindung der Gutausläufe (7a, 7b) mit den Trennraumeinläufen (4a, 4b) beliebig variiert werden, wobei die erfindungsgemäßen Vorteile eintreten und ein wirtschaftlicher Trennerfolg erreicht wird.The polarity of the electrodes as well as the connection of the product outlets (7a, 7b) with the separating space inlets (4a, 4b) can be varied as desired, the advantages according to the invention occurring and a economic separation success is achieved.

Claims (6)

  1. An electrostatic separating apparatus for sorting triboelectrically charged mixtures of substances, comprising electrodes of opposite polarity which are arranged perpendicularly in a housing (1) and which form an electrode pair between which the separating space is formed, an inlet chute by way of which the mixture to be separated is passed in free fall into the separating space, and discharge devices for discharge of the separation products, characterised in that a respective separate voltage source (9a, 9b) is connected to each electrode in such a way that the one source supplies a positive voltage in relation to earth potential and the other supplies a negative voltage in relation to earth potential and thereby the potential difference in relation to earth is equal to zero in the middle of the separator.
  2. An electrostatic separating apparatus according to claim 1 characterised in that the potential difference in relation to earth is equal or approximately equal at both electrodes independently of the sign and in each case is about 20,000 to 80,000 volts, thereby affording a total potential difference between the electrodes of 40,000 V to 160,000 V.
  3. An electrostatic separating apparatus according to claim 1 characterised in that the eiectrodes are formed by two electrode pairs (2a, 2b) which are arranged in closely juxtaposed relationship and which are separated from each other by a non-conducting wall (3) in such a way that the electrodes of the same polarity are respectively disposed in alignment and thereby form two separating spaces which are each provided with a central material discharge and a respective discharge for the positively and negatively charged material respectively, wherein there are at least two product discharges and the other material discharges (7a, 7b) are connected selectively by way of a conveyor assembly (8a, 8b) to one of the two separating space inlets (4a, 4b).
  4. An electrostatic separating apparatus according to claims 1 to 3 characterised in that the electrodes are in the form of plate electrodes, static tube electrodes, rotating tube electrodes or circulating belts.
  5. An electrostatic separating apparatus according to claim 3 characterised in that the conveyor assembly between the material discharges (7a, 7b) and the separating space inlets (4a, 4b) is for example an elevator or a pneumatically operating conveyor member.
  6. An electrostatic separating apparatus according to claims 1, 3 and 5 characterised in that a charging device is disposed directly in front of the separating space inlet (4a, 4b).
EP97117099A 1996-11-22 1997-10-02 Electrostatic separation apparatus for separating triboelectric charged mixtures of material Expired - Lifetime EP0844026B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19648373 1996-11-22
DE19648373A DE19648373C1 (en) 1996-11-22 1996-11-22 Electrostatic separator for sorting triboelectrically supercharged mixtures

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EP0844026A1 EP0844026A1 (en) 1998-05-27
EP0844026B1 true EP0844026B1 (en) 2001-09-05

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US (1) US6011229A (en)
EP (1) EP0844026B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3163495B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100226051B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1111454C (en)
AT (1) ATE205116T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2221386C (en)
DE (1) DE19648373C1 (en)

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EP0844026A1 (en) 1998-05-27
JPH10156217A (en) 1998-06-16

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