EP0729290B1 - Radiant electric heater and method of its production - Google Patents
Radiant electric heater and method of its production Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0729290B1 EP0729290B1 EP96101946A EP96101946A EP0729290B1 EP 0729290 B1 EP0729290 B1 EP 0729290B1 EP 96101946 A EP96101946 A EP 96101946A EP 96101946 A EP96101946 A EP 96101946A EP 0729290 B1 EP0729290 B1 EP 0729290B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heating
- radiant heater
- strip
- foot portions
- heater according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002241 glass-ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/68—Heating arrangements specially adapted for cooking plates or analogous hot-plates
- H05B3/74—Non-metallic plates, e.g. vitroceramic, ceramic or glassceramic hobs, also including power or control circuits
- H05B3/748—Resistive heating elements, i.e. heating elements exposed to the air, e.g. coil wire heater
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electric radiant heater with an insulating body and at least one heating conductor fixed to its surface by embedding in the form of an upright band, which with its width section lying above the surface has a substantially uninterrupted heating area with a corrugation and with its width section embedded in the insulating body at least one partially broken open embedding area with individual foot sections.
- the invention also relates to a method for producing a heating conductor for such a radiant heater.
- Such a radiant heater is known from DE-93 13 219 U.
- the very thin band design and its relatively weak coupling to the insulating body make it possible to make the radiator glow very quickly (in the order of 3 seconds) despite surface temperatures in a range permissible for the life of the band.
- the foot sections are in the form of e.g. trapezoidal projections are provided, which are more or less heating-dependent depending on their length.
- the utility model is preferably embedded by pressing the foot sections into a molded body made of microporous insulating material.
- a molded body made of microporous insulating material.
- the heating conductor tape in that the insulating material body is compressed around the foot sections.
- the spade shape has an advantageous stiffening effect, in that it increases the resistance to falling of the band and increases the holding force in the lateral and longitudinal directions.
- the object of the invention is to provide an electric radiant heater which further improves the described prior art and in particular improves the fixing of the heating conductor strip in the insulating body with little heating activity of the foot sections.
- the object of the invention is also to provide a method for producing a heating conductor for such a radiant heater.
- the foot sections differ in shape and orientation from the corrugation of the heating area, the following advantages are achieved: If the foot sections are placed very closely parallel to the tape and to improve their anchoring, they form a continuous channel in the insulating body. Since the individual heating conductors are guided parallel to each other at a relatively short distance in the radiator, the intermediate area between two heating conductors is then “cut free” and tends to crumble out. If, on the other hand, the foot sections have a different orientation, this largely continuous cutout is not necessary.
- the foot sections can be substantially flat. They then deviate from the curl shape of the heating area. However, they can also be deliberately turned in relation to the heating area.
- the foot sections can be connected to the heating area by connecting sections, the dimensions of which along the band are considerably smaller than the dimensions of the foot sections in this direction.
- the connecting sections can be incisions which are separated from the heating area either by a relatively wide punching or by very narrow incisions.
- the fixing by overlapping the insulating material over the foot sections is particularly good, while in the latter case overall height and tape material are saved. Due to the deviation of the foot sections from the Corrugation of the heating area is also avoided that, in the case of relatively narrow incisions, contact is made outside the connecting sections between the heating area and the foot section, which in turn would increase the heating activity of the foot sections. This is undesirable because it causes performance degradation in these sections and can increase the glow time.
- the invention also proposes a method for producing the heating conductor for the aforementioned radiant electric heater.
- foot sections can be divided on a strip of heating conductor material by means of incisions and / or punched-outs, and the strip can then be corrugated in the heating conductor area.
- the fact that the foot sections are not corrugated means that they remain essentially flat in the orientation that their connecting section assumes with respect to the heating conductor strip. If there is no synchronization between the corrugation and the spacing of the foot sections, they protrude relatively irregularly essentially tangentially from the strip, so that they are ideally fixed in the insulating material.
- Fig. 1 shows a radiant heater which is provided for attachment below a cooking surface, for example a glass ceramic plate. It has a sheet metal carrier shell 9 which has a flat bowl shape. In it is an insulation 3, which consists of an essentially flat, disc-shaped insulating body 4 and an insulating edge 8 which is placed thereon and runs around it.
- the insulating body 4 consists, for example, of a tablet made of pressed, previously pourable insulating material, for example of pyrogenic silicon dioxide, which has the best thermal insulation properties with high temperature resistance.
- the insulating material can be adapted to the respective conditions by incorporating mineral fibers, binders and other components which may influence the radiation properties.
- heating conductors 10 which are made in the form of upright, corrugated strips made of conventional electrical resistance material. These bands are very thin. Their thickness is between 0.02 mm and 0.1 mm, preferably between 0.03 and 0.08 mm.
- the resistance values and the relationship between the heating conductor mass and the surface are designed in such a way that a rapidly glowing radiator is produced which reaches an annealing temperature after only a few, for example 3 seconds. Nevertheless, the good radiation conditions of the band, which is relatively wide compared to its thickness, ensure that the surface temperatures in the steady state do not exceed a limit that would reduce the service life.
- a temperature limiter 58 projects with its temperature sensor 61 at a distance beyond the surface 7 of the insulating body 4, which is evenly coated with the heating conductors 10 in spiral or loop-shaped paths (only partially shown).
- the heating conductors 10 are partially embedded in the insulating body 4, specifically with foot sections 11 which are clearly delimited from the heating region 15 which is designed as a continuous corrugated band.
- the heating conductors are connected via connections 16, which protrude through the insulating edge 8, to the temperature limiter 58, which also serves as a connecting piece.
- the curl which can be done quite intensely and with little division, can reach curl factors (ratio of stretched length to length of the corrugated band) of up to 4.
- the foot sections 11 can have the most varied of shapes, triangular with an arrow shape pointing downwards, semicircular, trapezoidal, circular, triangular with a longer side at the bottom, rectangular or the like. They are from the heating area 15 separated by incisions 12 which are relatively narrow in Fig. 2, while they are relatively wide in Fig. 3. The narrower cuts can be made by cutting and the wider cuts can be made.
- the foot sections 11 are connected to the heating region 15 by connecting sections 13 which, in the exemplary embodiment, interrupt the incisions 12 made from both sides in the middle of the foot sections and are formed in FIG. 3 as middle webs.
- they could also be arranged on one side, which, under certain conditions, can further improve the holding effect described below.
- the foot sections are essentially flat, ie they do not follow the corrugation of the band in their profile or are less or more curved than this.
- the two middle sections are deflected from the band stretching, which can be done by various influences. However, they are flat, while the right-hand, already mentioned foot section formation 11 corresponds to the band in its curvature, but is deflected differently.
- the foot sections are thermally and electrically connected to the heating region 15 only via the narrow connecting section 13. As a result, the foot section is practically non-current-carrying and heating-passive. It is not originally heated.
- a method can be used to produce the radiant heater by attaching the heating conductors 10, in which the insulating body 4 is still relatively soft while the heating conductors 10 are being attached. This also depends on the type of foot sections and the thickness of the heating conductor material and the type of insulating material for the insulating body.
- the embedding can be done by pressing the previously loose insulation material around the foot sections by attaching the heating conductors to a stamp so that the heating area 15 is in grooves while the foot sections protrude.
- the heating conductor material is then introduced into a cylindrical counter-shape and compressed with the stamp, the foot sections 11 being also molded in.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen elektrischen Strahlungsheizkörper mit einem Isolierkörper und wenigstens einem an dessen Oberfläche durch Einbetten festgelegten Heizleiter in Form eines aufrechtstehenden Bandes, das mit seinem über der Oberfläche liegenden Breitenabschnitt einen im wesentlichen ununterbrochenen Heizbereich mit einer Wellung und mit seinem im Isolierkörper eingebetteten Breitenabschnitt einen zumindest teilweise durchbrochenen Einbettungsbereich mit einzelnen Fußabschnitten bildet. Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Heizleiters für einen solchen Strahlungsheizkörper.The invention relates to an electric radiant heater with an insulating body and at least one heating conductor fixed to its surface by embedding in the form of an upright band, which with its width section lying above the surface has a substantially uninterrupted heating area with a corrugation and with its width section embedded in the insulating body at least one partially broken open embedding area with individual foot sections. The invention also relates to a method for producing a heating conductor for such a radiant heater.
Aus dem DE-93 13 219 U ist ein derartiger Strahlungsheizkörper bekannt. Die sehr dünne Bandausbildung und ihre relativ schwache Ankopplung an den Isolierkörper ermöglicht es, trotz Oberflächentemperaturen in einem für die Lebensdauer des Bandes zulässigen Bereich den Heizkörper sehr schnell aufglühend zu gestalten (Größenordnung 3 Sekunden).Such a radiant heater is known from DE-93 13 219 U. The very thin band design and its relatively weak coupling to the insulating body make it possible to make the radiator glow very quickly (in the order of 3 seconds) despite surface temperatures in a range permissible for the life of the band.
Bei dem Gebrauchsmuster sind die Fußabschnitte in Form von z.B. trapezförmigen Vorsprüngen vorgesehen, die abhängig von ihrer Länge mehr oder weniger heizungsaktiv sind. Je geringer ihre Abmessungen in Bandlängsrichtung im Vergleich zu ihrer Höhe oder der Höhe des Heizbereichs sind, umso geringer wird der in ihnen erzeugte Wärmeanteil.In the utility model, the foot sections are in the form of e.g. trapezoidal projections are provided, which are more or less heating-dependent depending on their length. The smaller their dimensions in the longitudinal direction of the strip compared to their height or the height of the heating area, the smaller the heat component generated in them.
Um diesen Anteil geringzuhalten, sind in dem Gebrauchsmuster Lochungen oder auch T-förmige Einschnitte vorgeschlagen worden, die die Heizungsaktivität der Fußabschnitte verringern.In order to keep this proportion low, perforations or T-shaped incisions have been proposed in the utility model, which reduce the heating activity of the foot sections.
Die Einbettung erfolgt bei dem Gebrauchsmuster bevorzugt durch Eindrücken der Fußabschnitte in einen aus mikroporösem Isoliermaterial bestehenden Formkörper. Dazu ist es vorteilhaft, die Fußabschnitte entsprechend der Wellung gekrümmt zu gestalten, um ihnen für das Eindrücken eine größere Steifheit zu verleihen. Sie haben dann die Form eines Spatens mit gekrümmter Schaufel.The utility model is preferably embedded by pressing the foot sections into a molded body made of microporous insulating material. For this purpose, it is advantageous to make the foot sections curved in accordance with the corrugation in order to give them greater rigidity for the indentation. They then have the shape of a spade with a curved blade.
Es ist jedoch auch möglich, das Heizleiterband dadurch einzubetten, daß der Isoliermaterialkörper um die Fußabschnitte herum verdichtet wird. Auch in diesem Fall wirkt die Spatenform vorteilhaft versteifend, indem sie den Widerstand gegen Umfallen des Bandes vergrößert und die Haltekraft in seitlicher und Längsrichtung steigert.However, it is also possible to embed the heating conductor tape in that the insulating material body is compressed around the foot sections. In this case too, the spade shape has an advantageous stiffening effect, in that it increases the resistance to falling of the band and increases the holding force in the lateral and longitudinal directions.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen elektrischen Strahlungsheizkörper zu schaffen, der den geschilderten Stand der Technik weiter verbessert und insbesondere die Festlegung des Heizleiterbandes im Isolierkörper bei geringer Heizungsaktivität der Fußabschnitte verbessert. Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es außerdem, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Heizleiters für einen solchen strahlungsheizkörper anzugeben.The object of the invention is to provide an electric radiant heater which further improves the described prior art and in particular improves the fixing of the heating conductor strip in the insulating body with little heating activity of the foot sections. The object of the invention is also to provide a method for producing a heating conductor for such a radiant heater.
Diese Aufgaben werden durch die Ansprüche 1 und 7 gelöst.These tasks are solved by claims 1 and 7.
Dadurch, daß die Fußabschnitte in ihrer Form und Ausrichtung von der Wellung des Heizbereiches abweichen, werden folgende Vorteile erreicht: Wenn die Fußabschnitte parallel zum Band und zur Verbesserung ihrer Verankerung sehr eng gesetzt werden, bilden sie in dem Isolierkörper eine durchgehende Rinne. Da im Heizkörper die einzelnen Heizleiter mit relativ geringem Abstand parallel zueinander geführt sind, ist dann der Zwischenbereich zwischen zwei Heizleitern "freigestochen" und neigt dazu, herauszubröckeln. Wenn dagegen die Fußabschnitte eine andere Ausrichtung haben, entfällt dieser weitgehend durchgehende Ausstich.The fact that the foot sections differ in shape and orientation from the corrugation of the heating area, the following advantages are achieved: If the foot sections are placed very closely parallel to the tape and to improve their anchoring, they form a continuous channel in the insulating body. Since the individual heating conductors are guided parallel to each other at a relatively short distance in the radiator, the intermediate area between two heating conductors is then “cut free” and tends to crumble out. If, on the other hand, the foot sections have a different orientation, this largely continuous cutout is not necessary.
Die Fußabschnitte können im wesentlichen eben sein. Sie weichen dann von sich aus von der Wellungsform des Heizbereiches ab. Sie können aber auch gegenüber dem Heizbereich bewußt verdreht werden.The foot sections can be substantially flat. They then deviate from the curl shape of the heating area. However, they can also be deliberately turned in relation to the heating area.
Vorteilhaft können die Fußabschnitte mit dem Heizbereich durch Verbindungsabschnitte verbunden sein, deren Abmessungen längs dem Band wesentlich geringer sind als die Abmessungen der Fußabschnitte in dieser Richtung. Die Verbindungsabschnitte können Einschnitte sein, die entweder durch eine relativ breite Ausstanzung oder durch sehr schmale Einschnitte vom Heizbereich getrennt sind.Advantageously, the foot sections can be connected to the heating area by connecting sections, the dimensions of which along the band are considerably smaller than the dimensions of the foot sections in this direction. The connecting sections can be incisions which are separated from the heating area either by a relatively wide punching or by very narrow incisions.
Im ersten Fall ist die Festlegung durch Übergreifen des Isoliermaterials über die Fußabschnitte besonders gut, während im letzteren Falle Gesamthöhe und Bandmaterial gespart wird. Durch die Abweichung der Fußabschnitte von der Wellung des Heizbereiches wird auch vermieden, daß bei relativ schmalen Einschnitten eine Kontaktierung außerhalb der Verbindungsabschnitte zwischen Heizbereich und Fußabschnitt geschieht, was die Heizungsaktivität der Fußabschnitte wiederum erhöhen würde. Diese ist unerwünscht, weil sie eine Leistungsverbinderung in diesen Abschnitten verursacht und die Aufglühzeit verlängern kann.In the first case, the fixing by overlapping the insulating material over the foot sections is particularly good, while in the latter case overall height and tape material are saved. Due to the deviation of the foot sections from the Corrugation of the heating area is also avoided that, in the case of relatively narrow incisions, contact is made outside the connecting sections between the heating area and the foot section, which in turn would increase the heating activity of the foot sections. This is undesirable because it causes performance degradation in these sections and can increase the glow time.
Die Erfindung schlägt ferner ein Verfahren zur Herstellung des Heizleiters für den vorerwähnten elektrischen Strahlungsheizkörper vor. Danach können an einem Band aus Heizleitermaterial durch Einschnitte und/oder Ausstanzungen Fußabschnitte abgeteilt werden und danach das Band im Heizleiterbereich gewellt werden. Dadurch, daß die Fußabschnitte nicht mitgewellt werden, bleiben sie im wesentlichen eben in der Ausrichtung stehen, die ihr Verbindungsabschnitt zum Heizleiterband einnimmt. Sie stehen, wenn keine Synchronisation zwischen Wellung und Fußabschnittsabstand erfolgt, relativ unregelmäßig im wesentlichen tangential vom Band ab, so daß sie sich ideal im Isoliermaterial festlegen.The invention also proposes a method for producing the heating conductor for the aforementioned radiant electric heater. Subsequently, foot sections can be divided on a strip of heating conductor material by means of incisions and / or punched-outs, and the strip can then be corrugated in the heating conductor area. The fact that the foot sections are not corrugated means that they remain essentially flat in the orientation that their connecting section assumes with respect to the heating conductor strip. If there is no synchronization between the corrugation and the spacing of the foot sections, they protrude relatively irregularly essentially tangentially from the strip, so that they are ideally fixed in the insulating material.
Diese und weitere Merkmale gehen außer aus den Ansprüchen auch aus der Beschreibung und den Zeichnungen hervor, wobei die einzelnen Merkmale jeweils für sich allein oder zu mehreren in Form von Unterkombinationen bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung und auf anderen Gebieten verwirklicht sein und vorteilhafte sowie für sich schutzfähige Ausführungen darstellen können, für die hier Schutz beansprucht wird.These and further features emerge from the claims and also from the description and the drawings, the individual features being realized individually or in groups in the form of sub-combinations in one embodiment of the invention and in other fields and being advantageous and capable of being protected by themselves Can represent versions for which protection is claimed here.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und werden im folgenden näher erläutert. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine perspektivische Detailansicht eines elektrischen Strahlungsheizkörpers,
- Fig. 2 und 3
- stark vergrößerte Detailansichten eines eingebetteten Heizleiters und
- Fig. 4
- die Draufsicht auf einen Heizleiter vor seiner Einbettung.
- Fig. 1
- a detailed perspective view of an electric radiant heater,
- 2 and 3
- greatly enlarged detailed views of an embedded heating conductor and
- Fig. 4
- the top view of a heating conductor before its embedding.
Fig. 1 zeigt einen Strahlungsheizkörper, der zur Anbringung unterhalb einer Kochfläche, beispielsweise einer Glaskeramikplatte, vorgesehen ist. Er weist eine Blech-Trägerschale 9 auf, die eine flache Schüsselform hat. In ihr liegt eine Isolation 3, die aus einem im wesentlichen flachen scheibenförmigen Isolierkörper 4 und einem auf ihn aufgelegten, außen umlaufenden Isolierrand 8 besteht. Der Isolierkörper 4 besteht beispielsweise aus einer Tablette aus gepreßtem, ehemals schüttfähigem Isoliermaterial, beispielsweise aus pyrogenem Silicium-Dioxyd, das bei großer Temperaturbeständigkeit beste thermische Isoliereigenschaften hat. Durch Einlagerung von Mineralfasern, Bindemitteln und anderen, ggf. die Abstrahlungseigenschaften beeinflussenden Bestandteilen, kann das Isoliermaterial an die jeweiligen Bedingungen angepaßt werden.Fig. 1 shows a radiant heater which is provided for attachment below a cooking surface, for example a glass ceramic plate. It has a sheet metal carrier shell 9 which has a flat bowl shape. In it is an insulation 3, which consists of an essentially flat, disc-shaped insulating body 4 and an insulating edge 8 which is placed thereon and runs around it. The insulating body 4 consists, for example, of a tablet made of pressed, previously pourable insulating material, for example of pyrogenic silicon dioxide, which has the best thermal insulation properties with high temperature resistance. The insulating material can be adapted to the respective conditions by incorporating mineral fibers, binders and other components which may influence the radiation properties.
Auf der Oberfläche 7 des Isolierkörpers 4 verlaufen Heizleiter 10, die in Form aufrecht stehender gewellter Bänder aus üblichem elektrischem Widerstandsmaterial hergestellt sind. Diese Bänder sind sehr dünn. Ihre Dicke beträgt zwischen 0,02 mm und 0,1 mm, vorzugsweise zwischen 0,03 und 0,08 mm.On the surface 7 of the insulating body 4 there are heating conductors 10, which are made in the form of upright, corrugated strips made of conventional electrical resistance material. These bands are very thin. Their thickness is between 0.02 mm and 0.1 mm, preferably between 0.03 and 0.08 mm.
Die Widerstandswerte und das Verhältnis zwischen Heizleitermasse und Oberfläche sind so ausgelegt, daß ein schnell aufglühender Heizkörper entsteht, der bereits nach wenigen, beispielsweise 3 Sekunden Glühtemperatur erreicht. Dennoch ist durch die guten Abstrahlungsbedingungen des im Vergleich zu seiner Dicke relativ breiten Bandes dafür gesorgt, daß die Oberflächentemperaturen im stationären Zustand keine Grenze überschreiten, die die Lebensdauer herabsetzen würde.The resistance values and the relationship between the heating conductor mass and the surface are designed in such a way that a rapidly glowing radiator is produced which reaches an annealing temperature after only a few, for example 3 seconds. Nevertheless, the good radiation conditions of the band, which is relatively wide compared to its thickness, ensure that the surface temperatures in the steady state do not exceed a limit that would reduce the service life.
Ein Temperaturbegrenzer 58 ragt mit seinem Temperaturfühler 61 mit Abstand über die Oberfläche 7 des Isolierkörpers 4 hinweg, der gleichmäßig mit den Heizleitern 10 in spiraligen oder schleifenförmigen Bahnen belegt ist (nur teilweise dargestellt).A temperature limiter 58 projects with its temperature sensor 61 at a distance beyond the surface 7 of the insulating body 4, which is evenly coated with the heating conductors 10 in spiral or loop-shaped paths (only partially shown).
Die Heizleiter 10 sind, wie die Figuren 2 und 3 zeigen, teilweise in den Isolierkörper 4 eingebettet, und zwar mit Fußabschnitten 11, die deutlich gegenüber dem als durchgehendes gewelltes Band ausgebildeten Heizbereich 15 abgegrenzt sind.As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the heating conductors 10 are partially embedded in the insulating body 4, specifically with foot sections 11 which are clearly delimited from the heating region 15 which is designed as a continuous corrugated band.
Die Heizleiter werden über Anschlüsse 16, die durch den Isolierrand 8 ragen, an den Temperaturbegrenzer 58 angeschlossen, der gleichzeitig als Anschlußstück dient.The heating conductors are connected via connections 16, which protrude through the insulating edge 8, to the temperature limiter 58, which also serves as a connecting piece.
Die Wellung, die recht intensiv und mit geringer Teilung vorgenommen werden kann, kann Wellungsfaktoren (Verhältnis gestreckte Länge zur Länge des gewellten Bandes) bis zu 4 erreichen.The curl, which can be done quite intensely and with little division, can reach curl factors (ratio of stretched length to length of the corrugated band) of up to 4.
Die Fußabschnitte 11 können, wie aus den Figuren 2 und 3 zu erkennen ist, die unterschiedlichsten Formen haben, dreieckig mit nach unten gerichteter Pfeilform, halbkreisförmig, trapezförmig, kreisförmig, dreieckig mit unten längerer Seite, rechteckig oder dgl.. Sie sind von dem Heizbereich 15 durch Einschnitte 12 getrennt, die in Fig. 2 relativ schmal sind, während sie in Fig. 3 relativ breit sind. Die schmaleren Einschnitte können durch Einschneiden und die breiteren durch Ausstanzen gebildet sein.As can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3, the foot sections 11 can have the most varied of shapes, triangular with an arrow shape pointing downwards, semicircular, trapezoidal, circular, triangular with a longer side at the bottom, rectangular or the like. They are from the heating area 15 separated by incisions 12 which are relatively narrow in Fig. 2, while they are relatively wide in Fig. 3. The narrower cuts can be made by cutting and the wider cuts can be made.
Gemeinsam ist in den beiden Ausführungsformen, daß die Fußabschnitte 11 mit dem Heizbereich 15 durch Verbindungsabschnitte 13 verbunden sind, die beim Ausführungsbeispiel jeweils in der Mitte der Fußabschnitte die von beiden Seiten her vorgenommene Einschnitte 12 unterbrechen und in Fig. 3 als mittlere Stege ausgebildet sind. Sie könnten jedoch auch einseitig angeordnet sein, wodurch sich unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen die im folgenden noch beschriebene Haltewirkung weiter verbessern läßt.What is common in the two embodiments is that the foot sections 11 are connected to the heating region 15 by connecting sections 13 which, in the exemplary embodiment, interrupt the incisions 12 made from both sides in the middle of the foot sections and are formed in FIG. 3 as middle webs. However, they could also be arranged on one side, which, under certain conditions, can further improve the holding effect described below.
Die Fußabschnitte sind, wie aus Fig. 4 zu erkennen ist, im wesentlichen eben, d.h. sie folgen in ihrem Profil nicht der Wellung des Bandes oder sind weniger oder stärker gekrümmt als dieses. Sie haben also, wie in Fig. 4 von oben auf das Band gesehen, eine andere Gestalt als die dort als gleichmäßige Wellung erscheinende Gestalt des Bandes. Sie könnten auch die gleiche Wellform haben wie der Heizbereich 15, jedoch anders ausgerichtet sein als dieser. Ermöglicht wird dies durch die relativ schmalen Verbindungsabschnitte 13, die die Wellung im Fußabschnitt nicht wirksam werden lassen, wenn das Band so gewellt wird, daß z.B. nur der Heizbereich 15 durch die Wellungswerkzeuge, beispielsweise zwei zusammenwirkende Zahnräder, hindurchläuft, während die Fußabschnitte dabei unbeeinflußt bleiben. Dabei entsteht die Ausrichtung, wie sie in Fig. 4 bei den beiden links gezeigten Fußabschnitten auftritt, d.h. die Fußabschnitte verlaufen im wesentlichen tangential zum Band. Die beiden mittleren Abschnitte sind gegenüber der Banderstreckung abgelenkt, was durch verschiedene Einflüsse vorgenommen werden kann. Sie sind jedoch eben, während die ganz rechte, bereits erwähnte Fußabschnitt-Ausbildung 11 zwar in der Krümmung dem Band entspricht, jedoch anders abgelenkt ist.As can be seen from FIG. 4, the foot sections are essentially flat, ie they do not follow the corrugation of the band in their profile or are less or more curved than this. You have, as seen in Fig. 4 from above of the tape, a different shape than the shape of the tape appearing there as a uniform curl. They could also have the same corrugation shape as the heating area 15, but could be oriented differently than this. This is made possible by the relatively narrow connecting sections 13, which do not allow the corrugation in the foot section to take effect if the strip is corrugated in such a way that, for example, only the heating area 15 is interacted by the corrugation tools, for example two Gears runs through, while the foot sections remain unaffected. This creates the orientation as it occurs in FIG. 4 for the two foot sections shown on the left, ie the foot sections run essentially tangentially to the belt. The two middle sections are deflected from the band stretching, which can be done by various influences. However, they are flat, while the right-hand, already mentioned foot section formation 11 corresponds to the band in its curvature, but is deflected differently.
Im eingebetteten Zustand ergeben sich folgende Vorteile: Die Fußabschnitte sind thermisch und elektrisch nur über den schmalen Verbindungsabschnitt 13 mit dem Heizbereich 15 verbunden. Dadurch ist der Fußabschnitt praktisch nicht stromdurchflossen und heizungspassiv. Er wird also originär nicht erwärmt.The following advantages result in the embedded state: The foot sections are thermally and electrically connected to the heating region 15 only via the narrow connecting section 13. As a result, the foot section is practically non-current-carrying and heating-passive. It is not originally heated.
Auch durch Leitungswärme kommt wenig durch den Verbindungsabschnitt 13 hindurch. Die sich damit ergebende thermische Passivität der Fußabschnitte 11 erlaubt es, sie fast beliebig groß zu machen und in idealer Weise den Einbettungsverhältnissen anzupassen, ohne daß dies auf die Heizungseigenschaften einen Einfluß hat. Die Tatsache, daß die Fußabschnitte anders geformt oder ausgerichtet sind als der parallel dazu verlaufende Heizbereich 15 hat ebenfalls mehrere Effekte: Im Bereich der Einschnitte 12 können die Fußabschnitte 11 zumindest teilweise von der Einbettmasse überdeckt sein und somit direkte Anker im Isoliermaterial bilden, während bei gleicher Ausrichtung gegenüber dem Heizbereich kaum Material in die Einschnitte hereindringen könnte, um eine Verankerung vorzunehmen. Durch die aus Fig. 4 zu erkennende, völlig unregelmäßige und willkürliche Anordnung und Ausrichtung der Fußabschnitte wird vermieden, daß durch eng stehende Fußabschnitte sich eine Isolation durchschneidende Rille bildet, die zum Ausbröckeln zwischen zwei benachbarten Heizleiterbahnen (s. Fig. 1) führen könnte.Little also comes through the connecting section 13 due to line heat. The resulting thermal passivity of the foot sections 11 makes it possible to make them almost any size and to adapt them in an ideal manner to the embedding conditions, without this having an effect on the heating properties. The fact that the foot sections are shaped or oriented differently than the heating area 15 running parallel to them also has several effects: in the area of the incisions 12, the foot sections 11 can be at least partially covered by the investment material and thus form direct anchors in the insulating material, while the same Alignment with respect to the heating area could hardly penetrate material in the incisions to make anchoring. By completely recognizable from Fig. 4 Irregular and arbitrary arrangement and alignment of the foot sections is avoided that an insulation-cutting groove is formed by narrow foot sections, which could lead to crumbling between two adjacent heating conductor tracks (see FIG. 1).
Ferner wird bei relativ schmalen Einschnitten 12 vermieden, daß sich elektrische Kontaktbrücken bilden, die die Fußabschnitte dann doch in den Stromfluß einbeziehen und unerwünschte Heizungsaktivität der Fußabschnitte erzeugen könnten.Furthermore, in the case of relatively narrow incisions 12, it is avoided that electrical contact bridges form, which then nevertheless include the foot sections in the current flow and could produce undesired heating activity of the foot sections.
Zur Herstellung des Strahlungsheizkörpers unter Anbringung der Heizleiter 10 kann ein Verfahren verwendet werden, bei dem der Isolierkörper 4 während der Anbringung der Heizleiter 10 noch relativ weich ist. Dies hängt auch von der Art der Fußabschnitte und der Dicke des Heizleitermaterials sowie der Art des Isoliermaterials für den Isolierkörper ab. Die Einbettung kann durch Pressen des bis dahin losen Isoliermaterials um die Fußabschnitte herum erfolgen, indem die Heizleiter an einem Stempel so angebracht werden, daß der Heizbereich 15 in Nuten liegt, während die Fußabschnitte herausstehen. Das Heizleitermaterial wird dann in eine zylinderartige Gegenform eingebracht und mit dem Stempel verdichtet, wobei die Fußabschnitte 11 mit eingeformt werden. Es wäre jedoch auch möglich, einen relativ weichen Vorpreßling zu verwenden, in den die Fußabschnitte eingedrückt werden, um dann eine Nachverdichtung vorzunehmen.A method can be used to produce the radiant heater by attaching the heating conductors 10, in which the insulating body 4 is still relatively soft while the heating conductors 10 are being attached. This also depends on the type of foot sections and the thickness of the heating conductor material and the type of insulating material for the insulating body. The embedding can be done by pressing the previously loose insulation material around the foot sections by attaching the heating conductors to a stamp so that the heating area 15 is in grooves while the foot sections protrude. The heating conductor material is then introduced into a cylindrical counter-shape and compressed with the stamp, the foot sections 11 being also molded in. However, it would also be possible to use a relatively soft pre-pressed piece, into which the foot sections are pressed, in order then to carry out post-compaction.
Claims (7)
- Electric radiant heater with an insulator (4) and at least one heating conductor (10), fixed to its surface (7) by embedding, in the form of a longitudinally corrugated, upright strip, which in the width portion located over the surface (7) forms a substantially uninterrupted heating area (15) and with its width portion embedded in the insulator (4) an at least partly interrupted embedding area with individual foot portions (11), characterized in that the heating and embedding areas are so separated from one another that in the longitudinal direction of the strip the foot portions (11) are shaped and/or oriented in diverging manner from the corrugation of the heating area (15).
- Radiant heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the foot portions (11) are substantially flat.
- Radiant heater according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the foot portions (11) are connected to the heating area (15) by connecting portions (13), whose dimensions along the strip are significantly smaller than the dimensions of the foot portions in this direction.
- Radiant heater according to claim 3, characterized in that the foot portions (11), with the exception of the connecting portions (13), are separated from the heating area (15) by notches (12).
- Radiant heater according to claim 4, characterized in that the notches (12) have a limited width of less than 1 mm, preferably less than 0.5 mm.
- Radiant heater according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heating conductor strip (10) is essentially only corrugated in the heating area (15).
- Method for the manufacture of a heating conductor for an electric radiant heater according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on a heating conductor material strip foot portions (11) are divided off by notches (12) and/or punchings and then the strip is corrugated in the heating area, the foot portions not being corrugated with the same.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19506685 | 1995-02-25 | ||
| DE19506685A DE19506685A1 (en) | 1995-02-25 | 1995-02-25 | Electric radiant heater and process for its manufacture |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0729290A2 EP0729290A2 (en) | 1996-08-28 |
| EP0729290A3 EP0729290A3 (en) | 1997-06-04 |
| EP0729290B1 true EP0729290B1 (en) | 2001-09-19 |
Family
ID=7755078
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96101946A Expired - Lifetime EP0729290B1 (en) | 1995-02-25 | 1996-02-10 | Radiant electric heater and method of its production |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5753892A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0729290B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE205995T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19506685A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CZ169298A3 (en) * | 1997-07-15 | 1999-02-17 | Ako-Werke Gmbh & Co. Kg | Heating wire for radiation heating body of cooking-stove |
| DE10111000A1 (en) * | 2001-03-07 | 2002-09-19 | Microhellix Systems Gmbh | Heating conductor coil for heating a flowing gaseous medium and electrical resistance heating element |
| ITPN20010045U1 (en) * | 2001-11-19 | 2003-05-19 | Irca Spa | CORRUGATED ELECTRIC HEATER AND RELATED RADIATING PLATE. |
| DE20304976U1 (en) * | 2003-03-26 | 2004-07-29 | Krieger, Detlev, Dipl.-Ing. | An electrical resistance heating unit has strips of conductor material held on a support plate by insulated retainers and adhesive |
| DE20304982U1 (en) * | 2003-03-26 | 2004-08-05 | Krieger, Detlev, Dipl.-Ing. | Electrical heating unit for copying machine, has strips of conductor material held in grooves on a support plate by insulated retaining brackets and adhesive |
| WO2005047508A1 (en) | 2003-11-14 | 2005-05-26 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Processes for making acylated insulin |
| DE102004049184A1 (en) * | 2004-10-08 | 2006-04-13 | BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH | Hob, has radiation heating body with electrical heat conductors made up of metal, where emission ratio of metallic conductors is increased for increasing heat transmission of cooking material container |
| EP3008971B1 (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2019-05-08 | Sandvik KK | Molybdenum disilicide-based ceramic heating element holding structure |
Family Cites Families (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE317753C (en) * | ||||
| US600057A (en) * | 1898-03-01 | Rheostat and electric heater | ||
| US3567906A (en) * | 1969-04-14 | 1971-03-02 | Gen Electric | Planar surface heater with integral fasteners for heating element |
| US3984615A (en) * | 1975-10-14 | 1976-10-05 | Btu Engineering Corporation | Electrical resistance furnace heater |
| DE2551137C2 (en) * | 1975-11-14 | 1986-04-24 | E.G.O. Elektro-Geräte Blanc u. Fischer, 7519 Oberderdingen | Electric radiant heater for glass ceramic hotplates |
| US4207672A (en) * | 1978-12-18 | 1980-06-17 | Aerospex Corporation | Heater element mounting |
| US4292504A (en) * | 1979-10-02 | 1981-09-29 | Tutco, Inc. | Expanded metal electric heating element with edge support |
| DE3129239A1 (en) * | 1981-07-24 | 1983-02-10 | E.G.O. Elektro-Geräte Blanc u. Fischer, 7519 Oberderdingen | ELECTRIC RADIATOR FOR HEATING A PLATE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
| DE3812490A1 (en) * | 1988-04-15 | 1989-11-02 | Ego Elektro Blanc & Fischer | BEAM RADIATOR |
| DE3828192A1 (en) * | 1988-08-19 | 1990-02-22 | Ego Elektro Blanc & Fischer | RADIANT RADIATOR AND METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING IT |
| EP0363992B1 (en) * | 1988-10-14 | 1996-04-03 | Omron Corporation | Card reader having locking mechanism |
| DE4019898A1 (en) * | 1990-06-22 | 1992-01-02 | Ego Elektro Blanc & Fischer | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FIXING HEATING RESISTORS ON A CARRIER |
| DE4229375C2 (en) * | 1992-09-03 | 2000-05-04 | Ego Elektro Blanc & Fischer | Radiant heater |
| DE9313219U1 (en) * | 1992-09-03 | 1993-10-28 | E.G.O. Elektro-Geräte Blanc u. Fischer, 75038 Oberderdingen | Heaters, in particular for kitchen appliances |
| EP0612199B1 (en) * | 1993-02-11 | 1997-11-19 | Ceramaspeed Limited | Electrical heating element, its manufacture and use |
| GB2275161B (en) * | 1993-02-11 | 1996-05-15 | Ceramaspeed Ltd | Method of manufacturing a radiant electric heater |
| GB2278261B (en) * | 1993-05-21 | 1996-07-03 | Ceramaspeed Ltd | Method of manufacturing a radiant electric heater |
-
1995
- 1995-02-25 DE DE19506685A patent/DE19506685A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-02-10 DE DE59607699T patent/DE59607699D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-02-10 EP EP96101946A patent/EP0729290B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-02-10 AT AT96101946T patent/ATE205995T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-02-21 US US08/604,413 patent/US5753892A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0729290A2 (en) | 1996-08-28 |
| ATE205995T1 (en) | 2001-10-15 |
| DE59607699D1 (en) | 2001-10-25 |
| DE19506685A1 (en) | 1996-08-29 |
| EP0729290A3 (en) | 1997-06-04 |
| US5753892A (en) | 1998-05-19 |
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