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EP0714568B1 - Dispositif de commande pour un element de regulation de puissance d'une unite d'entrainement d'un vehicule - Google Patents

Dispositif de commande pour un element de regulation de puissance d'une unite d'entrainement d'un vehicule Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0714568B1
EP0714568B1 EP94921592A EP94921592A EP0714568B1 EP 0714568 B1 EP0714568 B1 EP 0714568B1 EP 94921592 A EP94921592 A EP 94921592A EP 94921592 A EP94921592 A EP 94921592A EP 0714568 B1 EP0714568 B1 EP 0714568B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
current
output stage
limit value
motor
full
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94921592A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0714568A1 (fr
Inventor
Leonhard Boll
Thomas Zeller
Klaus Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P7/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors
    • H02P7/03—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for controlling the direction of rotation of DC motors
    • H02P7/04—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for controlling the direction of rotation of DC motors by means of a H-bridge circuit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D11/00—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated
    • F02D11/06—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated characterised by non-mechanical control linkages, e.g. fluid control linkages or by control linkages with power drive or assistance
    • F02D11/10—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated characterised by non-mechanical control linkages, e.g. fluid control linkages or by control linkages with power drive or assistance of the electric type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for controlling the throttle valve of a drive unit of a vehicle.
  • Such a device is known from DE-OS 36 25 091 (US-PS 4 951 188).
  • a full-bridge circuit consisting of four actuatable switching elements is proposed, which can be controlled by at least one pulse-shaped control signal.
  • the consumer, the electric motor, which is connected to the power control element, is arranged in the bridge diagonal, two diagonally opposite switching elements being closed to actuate the motor in the first direction of rotation in the sense of an opening of the power control element, when actuating in the second direction of rotation the two other diagonally opposite switching elements are actuated.
  • the measuring current in the area of the ground connection of the full bridge detects the current flowing through the entire bridge and through the consumer. This current is compared with a predetermined maximum value and, if the maximum value is exceeded, the control is reduced to a pulse duty factor of 1%, and resumed if the value falls below.
  • a current value is defined as the maximum current value which would flow at least through the bridge if the consumer were short-circuited.
  • the known output stage can therefore not satisfactorily meet the opposing requirements for an output stage for controlling a DC motor.
  • the device provides a full-bridge output stage for controlling a DC motor, in which on the one hand the short-circuit strength is established by monitoring the currents through the individual transistors of the output stage for exceeding a maximum short-circuit current value and switching off the output stage in the event of a short-circuit, and on the other hand the current through the full-bridge output stage to a predetermined limit value is limited and the pulse-shaped control signal is clocked so that the limit value is prevented from being exceeded.
  • the amount of this limit is smaller than the peak values of the current peaks occurring during normal operation during the adjustment process, in particular the switch-on and the reversing current peak. The result is therefore a limitation of the current through the consumer in every operating state, not only in the event of a fault, to the predetermined limit value, the limit current being maintained within narrow limits. .
  • a device for controlling a power control element is described.
  • This has a full-bridge output stage, the switching elements of which are controlled by means of at least one pulse-shaped signal.
  • the full-bridge output stage is provided with a current limitation which limits the motor current to this limit value by hiding the control when a preset limit value is exceeded. Measures to detect short circuits in the individual switching elements are not described.
  • the opposing requirements are optimally connected to one another, since the on-board electrical system load can be kept as low as possible during adjustment operations without the adjustment time becoming significantly shorter due to the current limitation.
  • the control mechanism can be optimized with regard to the adjustment time and holding current.
  • the output stage itself cannot be designed for the maximum permissible current of the motor, but rather for the specified current limit value, so it is not as powerful and therefore cheaper.
  • the procedure according to the invention avoids high current peaks during the adjustment process, so that voltage drops in the control unit supply can be substantially avoided.
  • the electrical system load is thus significantly lower.
  • the procedure according to the invention is particularly important due to the simple integration of the output stage.
  • the integration of the module is only possible due to the reduced power loss.
  • Comprehensive cooling measures for the module can be dispensed with.
  • Residual currents in particular short-circuit currents, which result from a short circuit through the electrical consumer (short circuit to plus), are countered by limiting the current through the consumer to the limit value. Since this measure, for example, a consumer terminal in the event of a short circuit offers no protection according to ground, monitoring of the current through the individual transistors is provided, which leads the output stage to a safe state in the event of a fault when the short circuit occurs. The reaction consists in switching off the output stage.
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a control system for controlling a power control element, in which the procedure according to the invention is implemented.
  • FIG. 2 shows the effect of the procedure according to the invention in comparison to conventional control systems on the basis of signal profiles.
  • Figure 3 shows the principle of short-circuit protection of the short-circuit proof output stage.
  • FIG. 1 shows an overview block diagram of a control system for controlling a power control element, in which the procedure according to the invention is implemented.
  • 10 shows a computing element which has the input lines 12 to 14, which connects the computing element 10 to measuring devices 16 to 18. Furthermore, the computing element 10 has output lines 20 and 22, which lead to a control circuit 24.
  • the output line 20 leads to a logic unit 25, to which the line 22 and a line 96 are also fed.
  • the Four output lines 32, 34, 36 and 38 of the logic unit 25 each lead to a switching element of a full-bridge output stage 40.
  • the logic unit 25 comprises a first logic circuit 26, to which the line 20 is fed and whose output line 28 leads to a logic arrangement 30, and a second logic circuit 42, to which the line 22 is fed and whose output line 44 likewise leads to the logic arrangement 30 leads.
  • the full-bridge circuit consists of a first switching element 46, to which the line 32 is assigned and which is connected via line 48 to the positive pole 50 of the operating voltage, and on the other hand via line 52 to a second switching element 54, to which line 38 is assigned and which is connected via line 56, measuring resistor 58 and line 60 to the negative pole 62 of the operating voltage. Furthermore, the full-bridge circuit 40 has a third switching element 64, which is linked via line 66 to the positive pole 50 of the operating voltage, via line 68 to the fourth switching element 70, which via line 52, resistor 58 and line 60 the negative pole 62 of the operating voltage is connected. Line 34 is assigned to switching element 64 and line 36 to switching element 70.
  • a line 74 leads from the line 68 to the connection point 76 of the circuit arrangement 24, while a line 78 leads from the line 52 to the connection point 80 of the circuit arrangement 24.
  • the electrical motor 82 preferably a direct current motor, is connected between the connections 76 and 80 and is linked via a mechanical connection 84 to the power control element 86, in particular a throttle valve.
  • a line 88 leads from line 60 to detect the through the full bridge circuit flowing current to the comparator 90, the other input to which line 92 is applied, which connects the comparator 90 to a reference voltage source 94.
  • the output line 96 leads to the logic unit 25, there to the logic circuits 26 and 42.
  • the computing element 10 preferably forms output signals for setting the power control element or the motor 82 as part of a position control. These become for the first direction of rotation via line 20, for the second direction of rotation via line 22 to the control device 24 in the form of a pulse-shaped, pulse-width-modulated signal in the preferred exemplary embodiment.
  • the pulse width determines the duration of the energization phase of the motor and thus the setting of the power control element.
  • This pulse-width-modulated signal is fed to the first logic circuits 26 and 42 via the corresponding line and is compared there with the logic output signal of the comparator 90, which is fed to the logic circuits via the line 96.
  • the logic circuit 26 or 42 can be constructed by inverting the pulse-width-modulated signal and linking the inverted pulse-willow-modulated signal to the comparator output signal level via a logical NOR function.
  • the logic circuit must fulfill the function that a high signal level is present on the output line 28 or 44 if the pulse width modulated pulse signal has a high signal level, but the comparator output signal level is low, in all other cases the signal on line 28 or 44 is low level In addition to the implementation mentioned above, other links are also advantageous.
  • the signal level on line 96 is formed by comparator 90 by comparing the voltage across measuring resistor 58 with the reference voltage generated by element 94.
  • This reference voltage is set so that the voltage value corresponds to a predetermined limit value of the current flowing through the consumer and the bridge. If the voltage dropped across the measuring resistor 58 exceeds the reference voltage value, this indicates a current exceeding the predetermined limit value.
  • the output signal level of the comparator 90 then changes to a high level. If the comparator output has a high signal level, the logic circuits 26 or 42 block a possibly present high signal level of the pulse-width-modulated signal, so that the control is interrupted until the comparator changes its level again, i.e. the voltage dropped across the resistor 58 falls below the reference value.
  • the logic arrangement 30 receives the signals supplied via the lines 28 and 44 and selects the corresponding lines for actuating switching elements of the full-bridge output stage in accordance with the incoming signals.
  • energization in the forward direction is triggered by closing elements 64 and 54 via lines 34 and 38, while at negative signal level on line 28 the freewheeling phase is assumed and either all switching elements are opened or in one
  • the switching elements 64 and 46 are closed via the lines 34 and 32, so that the current does not flow back into the vehicle electrical system, but rather runs freely in the bridge.
  • the logic arrangement 30 treats the signals on line 44, a positive signal level on line 44 indicating actuation of the motor in the reverse direction, so that the switching elements 70 during the energization phase and 46 are closed via lines 32 and 36.
  • the signal level on line 44 is low, the freewheeling phase is assumed and all switching elements are opened or, in the preferred exemplary embodiments, switching elements 64 and 46 are closed so that the current does not flow back into the vehicle electrical system.
  • the output stage is transferred to the freewheeling phase and the control is interrupted, so that the current flowing through the motor 82 is ultimately limited to the preset value.
  • the signal level at the output of the comparator changes, so that the output stage is released again and the positive signal level of the pulse-width-modulated signal regains its energizing effect and actuates the motor accordingly.
  • negative logic may be used in place of the positive logic shown, i.e. the energization phase can be triggered by a low level of the control signal on lines 20 and 22 and / or lines 32, 34, 36, 38, while high signal levels are assigned to the free-running phase.
  • the comparator 90 can have a hysteresis.
  • Each of the switching elements 46, 54, 64 and 70 comprises means for detecting the current flowing through the respective switching element (for example by using so-called "current sense FETs"). If the current flowing through an individual switching element exceeds a short-circuit current threshold value, at least this switching element is switched off. This measure regarding the short-circuit strength of the output stage is independent of the limitation of the current flowing through the output stage.
  • the example of the switching element 46 shows the transistor 100 with current detection 102. The detected current is fed to a comparator 106 via a line 104. There it is compared with the preset current value Imax, the short-circuit current, and an output signal is generated if the detected current exceeds the limit value.
  • the output line 108 of the comparator and the drive line 32 of the switching element 46 are combined in a NAND gate 110.
  • the activation of the transistor is thereby interrupted when the short-circuit current value is exceeded in the event of a short-circuit.
  • the interaction between this current limitation by the individual switching elements and the current limitation by the entire bridge results from the fact that in the case of fault currents, in particular short-circuit currents, which result from a short circuit through the electrical consumer (short circuit to plus), the current through the consumer limits the limit value becomes.
  • this current is limited as shown by the solid line, for example to 5 A, so that the switch-on peak shown in broken lines is avoided.
  • the motor starts to move so that the current drops until the motor has reached its adjustment speed.
  • the motor is braked because it is approaching its new position alpha0.
  • this reversing current peak is also limited by the procedure according to the invention, for example to -5 A or another value.
  • the current slowly levels itself to the holding current, which is in the range of the previous current value. It is clear from FIG. 2a that the adjustment of the motor achieved by the procedure according to the invention deviates only insignificantly from the adjustment curve shown in dashed lines without the procedure according to the invention. There is no significant reduction in the adjustment time.
  • the procedure according to the invention can be used can also be used in connection with the control of an injection pump lever of a diesel engine.
  • comparator 90 with measuring resistor 58 and reference voltage source 94 can be attached outside the output stage module 24.
  • the current limiting procedure according to the invention can also be used with other circuitry implementations of a full-bridge output stage with control. Short-circuit measures are not shown for reasons of clarity, but of course implemented in the context of the final stage.
  • limit value for positive and negative currents
  • two limit values can advantageously be provided, e.g. a larger current can be permitted for adjustment in the closing direction of the throttle valve.
  • the limit values can advantageously also be predetermined depending on operating variables such as internal combustion engines, motor temperature, winding temperature, ambient temperature, position of the throttle valve, etc.
  • the current limitation can in particular be canceled by the computer via a line (not shown) in certain operating situations, e.g. if the throttle valve is stuck or frozen.
  • the limitation of the current according to the invention is designed in such a way that, on average over time, a current corresponding to the predetermined limit value flows through the consumer and the output stage.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Protection Of Generators And Motors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de commande d'un élément de régulation de puissance d'une unité d'entraînement d'un véhicule, qui comprend un étage final de pont intégral, un moteur à courant continu étant monté dans la diagonale du pont. Le courant traversant le moteur à courant continu est limité à au moins une valeur prédéterminée. Lorsque cette valeur prédéterminée est dépassée, les signaux de commande cadencés sont atténués.

Claims (10)

  1. Dispositif de commande du clapet d'étranglement d'une unité d'entraînement d'un véhicule,
    • avec un étage final à pont complet (24),protégé contre les courts-circuits, qui alimente en intensité un moteur électrique (82) relié à un clapet d'étranglement, et qui comprend des éléments de commande (46, 54, 64, 70), qui sont commandés au moyen d'au moins un signal en forme d'impulsion,
    • avec des moyens de limitation de l'intensité (90) pour l'intensité qui passe à travers l'étage final à pont complet et le moteur qui lui est raccordé, intensité qui est limitée en cas de dépassement d'au moins une valeur limite, réglée au préalable, (94) en fermant progressivement la commande sur cette valeur limite, la commande étant à nouveau activée lors du sous dépassement de la valeur limite,
    • avec des moyens de contrôle de court-circuit (106), qui contrôlent l'intensité à travers chaque élément de commande de l'étage final et dans le cas d'un court-circuit débranchent au moins l'un des éléments de commande de l'étage à pont complet.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le signal de commande en forme d'impulsion est un signal modulé en largeur.
  3. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'étage final à pont complet est commandé dans le cadre des phases de mises sous courant dans les deux sens de rotation du moteur avec une phase de roue libre.
  4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    lors du dépassement d'au moins l'une des valeurs limites réglées au préalable pendant une phase de mises sous courant, on interrompt celle-ci et on introduit la phase de roue libre, en ouvrant tous les éléments de commande ou en fermant deux éléments de commande opposés.
  5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'une au moins des valeurs limites réglées au préalable est d'un montant plus petit que les montants des valeurs de pointe de l'intensité qui s'écoule en fonctionnement normal lors du mouvement de réglage du moteur à courant continu.
  6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la valeur limite est prédéfinie en fonction du sens du courant et/ou de grandeurs de fonctionnement.
  7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'on prévoit un élément de calcul (10), qui peut supprimer ou augmenter le montant de la valeur limite dans des situations de fonctionnement prédéterminées.
  8. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'arrêt progressif et le réenclenchement de la commande est pourvu en ce qui concerne les valeurs de l'intensité d'une hystérésis.
  9. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    des moyens (102) sont prévus, qui détectent l'intensité qui passe à travers chaque élément de commande de l'étage final, la comparent à une valeur de seuil et en cas de dépassement débranchent au moins cet élément de commande.
  10. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le circuit à pont intégral est intégré dans un bloc d'étage final, et la limitation de l'intensité est réglée par la mise en circuit externe de l'étage final.
EP94921592A 1993-08-16 1994-07-23 Dispositif de commande pour un element de regulation de puissance d'une unite d'entrainement d'un vehicule Expired - Lifetime EP0714568B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4327483 1993-08-16
DE4327483A DE4327483A1 (de) 1993-08-16 1993-08-16 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Ansteuerung eines Leistungsstellelements einer Antriebseinheit eines Fahrzeugs
PCT/DE1994/000858 WO1995005704A1 (fr) 1993-08-16 1994-07-23 Dispositif de commande pour un element de regulation de puissance d'une unite d'entrainement d'un vehicule

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0714568A1 EP0714568A1 (fr) 1996-06-05
EP0714568B1 true EP0714568B1 (fr) 1997-10-22

Family

ID=6495291

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94921592A Expired - Lifetime EP0714568B1 (fr) 1993-08-16 1994-07-23 Dispositif de commande pour un element de regulation de puissance d'une unite d'entrainement d'un vehicule

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5712550A (fr)
EP (1) EP0714568B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH09501817A (fr)
KR (1) KR100354476B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4327483A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2109004T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995005704A1 (fr)

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US8552672B2 (en) * 2010-10-19 2013-10-08 Teknic, Inc. Method and apparatus to drive two-phase motors from a three-phase bridge
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0714568A1 (fr) 1996-06-05
WO1995005704A1 (fr) 1995-02-23
DE4327483A1 (de) 1995-02-23
ES2109004T3 (es) 1998-01-01
DE59404441D1 (de) 1997-11-27
KR100354476B1 (ko) 2003-01-06
JPH09501817A (ja) 1997-02-18
US5712550A (en) 1998-01-27

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