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EP0703879A1 - Fibre de verre vitreuse synthetique - Google Patents

Fibre de verre vitreuse synthetique

Info

Publication number
EP0703879A1
EP0703879A1 EP95918556A EP95918556A EP0703879A1 EP 0703879 A1 EP0703879 A1 EP 0703879A1 EP 95918556 A EP95918556 A EP 95918556A EP 95918556 A EP95918556 A EP 95918556A EP 0703879 A1 EP0703879 A1 EP 0703879A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wool
weight
fibres
melt
amount
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP95918556A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Soren Lund Jensen
Vermund Rust Christensen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rockwool AS
Original Assignee
Rockwool International AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from PCT/EP1994/001215 external-priority patent/WO1994023801A1/fr
Application filed by Rockwool International AS filed Critical Rockwool International AS
Publication of EP0703879A1 publication Critical patent/EP0703879A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
    • C03C13/06—Mineral fibres, e.g. slag wool, mineral wool, rock wool
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2213/00—Glass fibres or filaments
    • C03C2213/02—Biodegradable glass fibres

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to man-made vitreous fibre (MMVF) wool containing iron and a relatively high amount of alkaline earth metals, and a low amount of alkali metals, conventionally known as stone, slag or basalt wool.
  • MMVF man-made vitreous fibre
  • MMV fibres Various types are known.
  • E-Glass is a filamentary or other non-wool product and can have high aluminium and low or zero alkali metal.
  • JP-A-50090719 describes an E-Glass containing 15- 16% A1 2 0 3 , 9.5-10.5% B 2 0 3 and 5% P 2 0 5 . It is free of iron and sodium.
  • W093/07741 describes fibres containing 0 to 4% P 2 0 5 , above 13% Na 2 0, and up to 8% A1 2 0 3 for use in horticulture.
  • B 2 O j can be present but the total amount of impurities (including any B 2 0 3 which is included) must be not above 1%.
  • Glass wool is described in EP-A-412878 which has high alkali metal content (above 13%) and which contains borate. It is free of iron. Phosphorous is an optional component. It is included allegedly to improve solubility of the fibres.
  • composition of a fibre can significantly affect its solubility. For instance, it is illustrated in W087/05007 that fibres having a low alumina content, in particular alumina below 10% by weight of composition, have improved solubility in a physiological environment. It is also known that inclusion of phosphorus can improve solubility in the physiological medium. This has been illustrated in the case of stone wool fibres in for instance EP-A-459,897. This discloses stone wool fibres which comprise 1 to 10% of phosphorus as P 2 0 5 . This component is said to provide solubility in the physiological medium. It can be assumed that increasing the amount of phosphorous within this range increases solubility.
  • MMVF wool During the manufacture of MMVF wool the components which are to form the fibres are melted in a furnace, such as an electric, shaft, tank or cupola furnace. This produces a melt which may then be fiberised.
  • the melt usually has a melting point of around 1,400 to 1,600°C and is thus heated to above this temperature in the furnace. It has been found that the inclusion of significant amounts of phosphorous in the melt can lead to some problems. For instance phosphorus may volatilise in the furnace, leading to difficulties of controlling the composition. In particular increasing the amount of phosphorus can adversely influence melt viscosity and properties. It increases the risk of the melt (which contains iron and little or no alkali metal and low aluminium) undergoing phase separation and crystallisation. This leads to the formation and accumulation of solid or slag material in or on the apparatus being used for forming the melt and converting the melt to fibres, and can cause increased amount of shot formation during the fibre-formation process, reduced material efficiency and higher costs.
  • MMVF wool formed of fibres formed from a composition comprising, by weight of oxides (with iron expressed as FeO) : Si ⁇ 2 35-66%
  • a phosphate- and borate-containing melt can give fibres with adequate physiological solubility produced from a melt which has a combination of good processing, viscosity and temperature characteristics, especially when the amount of A1 2 0 3 is low.
  • an upper limit of 10% on the amount of phosphate assists in reducing manufacturing problems, especially phase separation.
  • the amount is preferably 6% or less and is usually below 5%.
  • borate increases the physiological solubility of the fibres without the necessity for using larger amounts of phosphate, and allows the use of phosphate even in amounts below 5% whilst retaining adequate physiological solubility.
  • borate has the additional advantage that it improves the physical properties of the melt, in particular it assists in reducing the melting point of the melt so that the risk of phase separation is reduced.
  • the use of boron in phosphorus- containing fibres results in improved fibre properties. For instance tensile strength, modulus of elasticity and length to diameter ratio can be improved. Tensile strength can be >700 MPa. Fibre Modulus of Elasticity can be ⁇ 150 GPa. Length to fibre ratio can be >700, especially when the fibres are made by a cascade spinner.
  • the melt viscosity of the composition at 1400°C is preferably 10-70 poise, preferably 15 to 30 poise.
  • the fibres preferably have a dissolution rate at pH 7.5 of at least 30nm/day, and preferably at least 50 or at least 60nm/day, when measured by the stationary set up method described in Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 102, Supplement 5, October 1994, pages 83-86.
  • the wool of the invention may be provided in any known way.
  • the wool of the invention are made by this process of the invention.
  • the raw materials used to produce the melt may be any known raw materials which give the constituents of the composition.
  • raw materials which may be used include diabase, cement, clay, olivine sand, silica sand, waste foundry sand, rasorite, colemanite and other boron-containing materials, converter slag, blast-furnace slag, electric arc furnace slag, iron oxide, waste stone wool, waste asbestos, lime, soda, glass waste, dolomite, bauxite, iron silicate, kaoline, calcium phosphate, quartz sand and other known melt ingredients.
  • the melt composition and hence the composition of the produced fibres preferably comprises at least 45%, often at least 47 or 48%, Si0 2 .
  • the amount is usually below 64 or 65%,preferably below 60%. Often the amount of Si0 2 is from 53.5 to 64%.
  • the composition preferably has a low alumina content, generally below 6% and preferably below 4%. In general it is very expensive to provide raw materials which contain no alumina at all, so A1 2 0 3 is present to some extent, usually in amounts of at least 0.5%, although alumina amounts are generally kept as low as possible, preferably below 3 or 2%. Amounts of 1-4% are often suitable.
  • the composition usually comprises at least 5%, generally at least 10% and preferably at least 15% alkaline earth metal oxides (CaO and MgO) .
  • CaO and MgO alkaline earth metal oxides
  • the amount is not more than 50%.
  • CaO is contained in amounts of between 10 and 35%. In some compositions amounts of 10- 20% are preferred but in others amounts of 15 to 30% are preferred.
  • MgO is usually present in an amount of at least 1%, often 5 to 20%, preferably 7 to 20%. For instance it may be in the range 5-15%.
  • the composition contains iron, and the amount is up to 10% by weight of total composition, measured as FeO.
  • iron is present in amounts of at least 0.5 or 1%. Amounts of up to 4% are often suitable but amounts may be up to 9 or 10%, e.g., in the range 6.5-9%.
  • the composition may comprise alkali metals (Na 2 0 and K 2 0) in amounts of 0% up to 6% or 7%.
  • Na 2 0 is present in amounts of 0% up to 4% and K 2 0 is present in amounts up to 2%.
  • each is present in an amount of at least 0.1%, but both are optional and can be omitted.
  • Phosphate is present in the composition, generally in amounts of between 0.5 and 10%, measured as P 2 0 5 , and often in the range 3 to 6%.
  • the phosphate amount is at least 0.5 but below 5% (e.g., up to 4.5%), more preferably below 4%. Usually it is at least 2% or 3%.
  • Borate is incorporated in useful amounts of up to 10%, measured as B ⁇ .
  • the amount is preferably above 0.5 or 1%. In general, enough should be added to increase suitably the physiological dissolution rate, but incorporation of large amounts of borate necessitates the use of very expensive raw materials. Amounts of borate below 5% (e.g., 4.5 and below) can give good results at economic cost but amounts up to 7 or 8% are sometimes preferred. The amount must be sufficient to give a useful effect and so is normally above 0.5 or 1% and preferably it is at least 3%. The amount of B 2 0 3 is usually below the amount of P 2 0 s for reasons of economy.
  • Ti0 2 is optional. If present, its amount is usually
  • the melt composition may additionally comprise
  • composition of the melt and of the fibres particularly preferably comprises:
  • FeO 1-10% preferably 1 to 9%
  • P 2 0 5 at least 0.5% but preferably below 5%
  • B j O j at least 0.5% but preferably below 5% other elements 0 to 5% all percentages being by weight of total composition and iron oxides being measured as FeO.
  • the raw materials are placed in a furnace where they are heated to a temperature between 1,400°C and 1,600°C in order to produce a melt. In general, they are heated to at least 1,450°C, preferably between 1,450 and 1,540°C, generally around 1,480°C to 1,520°C.
  • the furnaces which can be used in the invention for forming the melt which is to be fiberised include cupola furnaces, oil and/or gas fired shaft or tank furnaces or electric furnaces. In these furnaces the invention is particularly advantageous, although the composition also shows advantages when using other known types of furnace. Preferred furnaces are those in which significant amounts of air are drawn. Slag formation and any volatilisation problems can be minimised by the invention.
  • the melt is fiberised in any known manner. In particular it may be fiberised by pouring into a fast- rotating cup having a substantially horizontal base and perforated side walls out of which is thrown as fibres, or by pouring onto one or more spinning wheels. The or each wheel is mounted on a separate horizontal axis.
  • melt poured onto the circumference of the spinning wheel is flung off as fibres.
  • a single wheel can be used, preferably a cascade system is used in which the melt is poured onto the top rotor of a set of rotating rotors each mounted about a different substantially horizontal axis and arranged such that the melt is thrown from the top rotor onto the subsequent rotor, or on each subsequent rotor in sequence, in the set so as to throw mineral fibres off the or each subsequent rotor into a collection chamber.
  • Any apparatus known for the fiberisation of mineral melts to form wool may be used but a particularly preferred apparatus is described in our patent publication WO92/06047.
  • the fibres may then be collected as web or batt.
  • the web may be cross-lapped to form a batt.
  • the batt may be consolidated into the desired MMVF wool product in known manner.
  • Binder is usually included in the batt. For instance it may be sprayed into the fibres before they are collected as a web or batt.
  • the wool may be in the form of shaped batts or other elements or it may be in the form of tufts or granulates of mineral wool fibres, or in the form of articles made from such tufts or ganulates.
  • the MMVF wool may be used for any of the conventional purposes of MMVF wool, for instance as a horticultural growing medium, for sound or heat insulation and protection, for fire resistance and protection and as a filler or reinforcement.
  • compositions determined by X-ray fluorescence analysis and measured as weight %) and their dissolution rate at pH 7.5 in nm per day.
  • Each composition can be melted in a cupola furnace and fiberised as in WO92/06047.
  • compositions 1, 2, 3 and 4 are within the invention while 1A, IB, 2A, 3A and 4A are apparoximate comparisons and show that omitting the boron reduces dissolution rate.
  • the comparative, borate free, compositions tend to slag formation, especially with the higher phosphorous contents.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

On améliore la production et le taux de dissolution physiologique d'une laine minérale à base de fibres de verre vitreuses synthétiques contenant 35 à 66 % de SiO2, jusqu'à 10 % de Al2O3, 10 à 45 % de CaO, 2 à 30 % de MgO, jusqu'à 10 % de FeO, 0 à 7 % de Na2O + K2O et 0 à 10 % de TiO2, en ajoutant dans la composition de celle-ci à la fois du P2O5 et du B2O3.
EP95918556A 1994-04-19 1995-04-12 Fibre de verre vitreuse synthetique Ceased EP0703879A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
WOPCT/EP94/01215 1994-04-19
PCT/EP1994/001215 WO1994023801A1 (fr) 1993-04-20 1994-04-19 Procede de transformation d'amiante-ciment en un produit inoffensif
GBGB9426429.8A GB9426429D0 (en) 1994-12-30 1994-12-30 Man-made vitreous fibres
GB9426429 1994-12-30
PCT/EP1995/001414 WO1995029135A1 (fr) 1994-04-19 1995-04-12 Fibre de verre vitreuse synthetique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0703879A1 true EP0703879A1 (fr) 1996-04-03

Family

ID=10766731

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95918556A Ceased EP0703879A1 (fr) 1994-04-19 1995-04-12 Fibre de verre vitreuse synthetique

Country Status (10)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0703879A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2446395A (fr)
CA (1) CA2165081A1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ329795A3 (fr)
FI (1) FI955973A7 (fr)
GB (1) GB9426429D0 (fr)
PL (1) PL312244A1 (fr)
SI (1) SI9520005A (fr)
SK (1) SK157395A3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995029135A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
HU218828B (hu) 1992-01-17 2000-12-28 The Morgan Crucible Co. Plc. Sóoldható, szervetlen rostanyagok
GB9508683D0 (en) * 1994-08-02 1995-06-14 Morgan Crucible Co Inorganic fibres
US5658836A (en) * 1995-12-04 1997-08-19 Owens-Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. Mineral fibers and their compositions
GB9525475D0 (en) 1995-12-13 1996-02-14 Rockwool Int Man-made vitreous fibres and their production
GB9613023D0 (en) * 1996-06-21 1996-08-28 Morgan Crucible Co Saline soluble inorganic fibres
US6077798A (en) * 1996-08-02 2000-06-20 Owens Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. Biosoluble, high temperature mineral wools
JP3375529B2 (ja) * 1997-03-26 2003-02-10 ニチアス株式会社 無機繊維
GB9814179D0 (en) * 1998-06-30 1998-08-26 Rockwool Int Man-made vitreous fibres
GB2341607B (en) 1998-09-15 2000-07-19 Morgan Crucible Co Bonded fibrous materials
FR2797867B1 (fr) * 1999-07-29 2001-12-07 Saint Gobain Isover Composition de laine minerale susceptible de se dissoudre dans un milieu physiologique
CA2383440C (fr) 1999-09-10 2008-06-17 The Morgan Crucible Company Plc Fibres salines solubles resistant a une temperature eleve
GB2383793B (en) 2002-01-04 2003-11-19 Morgan Crucible Co Saline soluble inorganic fibres
AU2003283361A1 (en) * 2002-11-06 2004-06-07 Rockwool International A/S Processes of forming mineral fibres

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5090719A (fr) * 1973-12-21 1975-07-21
FI56820C (fi) * 1978-09-27 1980-04-10 Paraisten Kalkki Oy Glaskomposition avsedd foer framstaellning av fibrer
MX169258B (es) * 1986-05-28 1993-06-28 Pfizer Procedimiento para la preparacion de una fibra de vidrio resistente a alcalis
AU630484B2 (en) * 1989-08-11 1992-10-29 Isover Saint-Gobain Glass fibres capable of decomposing in a physiological medium

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9529135A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CZ329795A3 (en) 1996-06-12
FI955973A0 (fi) 1995-12-13
SK157395A3 (en) 1996-05-08
PL312244A1 (en) 1996-04-01
FI955973L (fi) 1995-12-13
WO1995029135A1 (fr) 1995-11-02
GB9426429D0 (en) 1995-03-01
FI955973A7 (fi) 1995-12-13
AU2446395A (en) 1995-11-16
SI9520005A (en) 1996-08-31
CA2165081A1 (fr) 1995-11-02

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