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EP0700323B1 - Procede d'extrusion radiale combine avec l'etirage de tube interieur - Google Patents

Procede d'extrusion radiale combine avec l'etirage de tube interieur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0700323B1
EP0700323B1 EP94916475A EP94916475A EP0700323B1 EP 0700323 B1 EP0700323 B1 EP 0700323B1 EP 94916475 A EP94916475 A EP 94916475A EP 94916475 A EP94916475 A EP 94916475A EP 0700323 B1 EP0700323 B1 EP 0700323B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
punch
diameter
mandrel
ironing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94916475A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0700323A1 (fr
Inventor
Janez Pipan
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0700323A1 publication Critical patent/EP0700323A1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
    • B21C23/20—Making uncoated products by backward extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K21/00—Making hollow articles not covered by a single preceding sub-group
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K21/00—Making hollow articles not covered by a single preceding sub-group
    • B21K21/08—Shaping hollow articles with different cross-section in longitudinal direction, e.g. nozzles, spark-plugs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K21/00—Making hollow articles not covered by a single preceding sub-group
    • B21K21/16—Remodelling hollow bodies with respect to the shape of the cross-section

Definitions

  • a subject of the invention is the radial extrusion process combined with inside tube ironing, that is a cold extrusion process, which is reckoned among bulk metal forming processes. It enables tube shaped metal semiproducts to be formed into different final parts or parts that are intended for additional working by machining.
  • the invention is classified into the class B 21D 22/00 of the international patent classification.
  • the technical problem which the submitted invention is sucessfully solving is a determination and accomplishment of such a process which will enable different axisymmetric tube-shaped parts which are generally characterised by longer cylindrical stem on one side and non-uniform diameter with severe thickening of the wall together with complicated cross-section shapes on another side, to be formed from a simple tube billet, cut from a standard thin-walled or medium-walled tube billet which is preformed in such a way that a larger diameter at one end results.
  • Characteristic shapes of parts that can be performed by the process after the invention are shown in Fig. 2, where the shapes on the left from the symmetry axes present the shapes at the beginning of the process and the shapes of the right the states after forming.
  • the manufacturing of longish, thin-walled, dial symmetric parts by cold-forming of tube-shaped billets is most preferable when high strength parts are concerned.
  • the strength is increased due to fibrous grain structure and deformation hardening arising during cold forming.
  • the forming can be completed in a single step with moderate average plastic deformation so a sufficient toughness of the material is still left.
  • the tube wall thickness change is not intentional, but results from the changes of other two dimensions, the diameter and the length.
  • Such processes are bending, sinking, expanding, bulging by means of pressure medium, spinning, etc.
  • Hollow axisymmetric parts which involve several changes of the wall thickness along the axis are usually produced by combination of known backward and forward extrusion processes, where cylindrical billets with solid cross-section are used. Because of very large deformations and deformation work that are needed, these methods are suitable only when relatively small parts are concerned.
  • Hollow parts having outside flange can be produced more economically by the method described in the document GB A 836 706.
  • the flange is formed by the radial extrusion which is achieved through axial penetration of a punch into the billet with solid cross-section. This method is situable when relative small and short thick-walled hollow parts with relatively thick flange are concerned.
  • the radial extrusion process combined with inside tube ironing after the invention is based on forming a tube - shaped workpiece, which may be previously expanded at one end in such a manner, that it is inserted into a properly shaped die. From one side of the die there is a properly shaped punch inside which there is a free axially movable mandrel. From the opposite side there is a working punch the diameter of which is at the top the same as the diameter of the mandrel. From the top the punch is conicaly widened so that along the determined lenght (Lp) its diameter is some larger than initial inside tube diameter.
  • Fig. 1 shows the radial extrusion process combined with inside tube ironing, used in a concretly performed example at the beginning and at the end. This process can be carried out on vertical or horizontal hydraulic or mechanical presses with at least two, but preferable three independent actions.
  • a free movable mandrel 5 Inside the punch 4 there is a free movable mandrel 5, the diameter of which is for easier entering into the tube smaller than the inner diameter of the tube 1.
  • a counter-punch with a corresponding prolongation on the upper side the diameter of which corresponds to that of the mandrel 5, can be used.
  • the working stroke is performed by the counter-punch 2 which is widened along the distance L p so that its diameter is larger than the initial inside diameter of the tube.
  • the difference of the volume resulting from the tube wall thinning is pushed forward towards the punch 4, first filling the initial clearance between the tube 1 and the mandrel 5 and thereafter, with the hydrostatic pressure being considerable increased, also the space B between the punch 4 and the mandrel 5.
  • a further extrusion of the material towards the zone A caused by an additional upward movement of the counter-punch 2, causes an additional increase of the hydrostatic pressure in the zone A, up to the value which depends on force F 1 by which the punch 4 is retained.
  • the punch 4 is pushed upwards for the distance which depends on the additional volume of the material extruded by the punch 2.
  • the assistence of friction between the tube 1 and the upward moving mandrel 5 is beneficial, so a good accuracy of such a detail can be achieved with a lower hydrostatic pressure in the zone A.
  • an empty space B can also be formed in the die 3.
  • the accurate shape of the final part which is determined by the shape of the die 3, the punch 4, the counter-punch 2, the mandrel 5 and the travel of the counter punch 2, can be achieved only if the hydrostatic pressure in the deforming zone A, which is limited by the retaining force F 1 , is high enough.
  • a special advantage of the process after invention is that the friction effect, that contributes to the forming force F 2 can be controlled even when a longer cylindrical portions of the tube, along which the ironing takes place, are concerned.
  • the both diameters can be chosen so, that the phase during which the filling of the clearance between the tube 1 and the mandrel 5 takes place, ends late enough, so that the high hydrostatic pressure in the zone A, that arises after the end of this phase and resulting friction that affects the forming force F 2 , is present only near the end of the forming stroke.
  • Fig. 2 three typical shapes of parts which can be formed using the radial extrusion process combined with inside tube ironing after the invention are shown.
  • the cross-sections on the left sides from the symmetry axes presents the workpieces before and on the right after forming.
  • Fig. 2a and 2b which can present parts of high-pressure valves
  • preforming of tubes by sinking or expanding from original outer diameter to diameters D 4 and D 1 is foreseen.
  • the part shown in Fig. 2c which can present a part of clutch, can be formed from a simple tube with the outer diameter D 1 and inner diameter D 0 .
  • Characteristically for the radial extrusion process combined with inside tube ironing after the invention is, that the length of the workpiece during the process remains approximately the same, while the inside diameter of the tube D 0 is changed to the diameter D 2 along the ironing stroke and reduced to the diameter of the mandrel D 3 , from the end of ironing zone up to the face of the punch 4.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé d'extrusion radiale combiné avec l'étirage de tube intérieur qui constitue, par essence, un procédé d'extrusion à froid et peut être assimilé à un procédé de formage de métaux massifs. Ce procédé permet de transformer des produits métalliques semi-finis tubulaires en différentes pièces façonnées finies ou en pièces non finies destinées, par exemple, à être usinées. Le procédé consiste à insérer un tube (1) dont une extrémité peut avoir été préalablement déployée dans une matrice (3) de forme appropriée présentant d'un côté, un poinçon (4) retenu avec une force déterminée (F1) dans lequel un mandrin (5) libre est prévu, alors que, de l'autre côté le contre-poinçon (2), lorsqu'il est en course de travail, extrude la différence de volume de tube résultant de l'étirage de ce dernier (1) dans le sens de la course du contre-poinçon (2) de sorte que le matériau remplisse le jeu de départ entre le mandrin (5) et le tube (1), l'espace entre le tube (1) et le poinçon (2), et l'espace formé arbitrairement (B) dans le poinçon (2) ou la matrice (3).

Claims (2)

  1. Procédé d'extrusion radiale associé à un étirage intérieur de tube, dans lequel un tube (1) à paroi mince et assez long, dont la partie supérieure a préalablement été élargie, est étiré à partir de l'intérieur le long de la partie cylindrique de plus petit diamètre et extrudé radialement dans la zone entre le diamètre inférieur et celui plus large du tube, caractérisé en ce que le tube (1) est inséré dans une matrice (3) de forme appropriée où se trouve, sur le côté agrandi, un poinçon (4) qui est retenu avec une force déterminée et à l'intérieur duquel se trouve un mandrin (5) à mouvement libre, pendant qu'à partir du côté opposé, dans une course motrice, le contre-poinçon (2), dont le diamètre au sommet est le même que le diamètre du mandrin (5) et est agrandi de manière conique afin que, sur une longueur déterminée (Lp) à partir du sommet, le diamètre obtenu soit un peu plus grand que le diamètre intérieur initial du tube (1), extrude la différence du volume du tube qui résulte de l'étirage du tube (1) dans le sens de la course du contre-poinçon afin que le matériau remplisse l'intervalle libre de départ entre le mandrin (5) et le tube (1), l'espace entre le tube (1) et le poinçon (4) et l'espace (B) de forme arbitraire.
  2. Procédé d'extrusion radiale associé à un étirage intérieur de tube selon la Revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, à la place du mandrin (5) à mouvement libre, un prolongement avec un diamètre qui correspond au diamètre du mandrin (5) est formé dans la partie supérieure du contre-poinçon (2).
EP94916475A 1993-05-17 1994-05-16 Procede d'extrusion radiale combine avec l'etirage de tube interieur Expired - Lifetime EP0700323B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI9300258A SI9300258A (en) 1993-05-17 1993-05-17 Process for radial extrusion with tube wall reduction
SI9300258 1993-05-17
PCT/SI1994/000007 WO1994026437A2 (fr) 1993-05-17 1994-05-16 Procede d'extrusion radiale combine avec l'etirage de tube interieur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0700323A1 EP0700323A1 (fr) 1996-03-13
EP0700323B1 true EP0700323B1 (fr) 1997-02-12

Family

ID=20431176

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94916475A Expired - Lifetime EP0700323B1 (fr) 1993-05-17 1994-05-16 Procede d'extrusion radiale combine avec l'etirage de tube interieur

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0700323B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH08510960A (fr)
DE (2) DE4342562A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0700323T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2100068T3 (fr)
RU (1) RU2116861C1 (fr)
SI (1) SI9300258A (fr)
WO (1) WO1994026437A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6206392B1 (en) 1998-05-26 2001-03-27 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Stabilizer bar apparatus for use in a vehicle suspension
CN102941449B (zh) * 2012-11-28 2015-02-18 隆昌山川精密焊管有限责任公司 厚壁薄底金属件成形工艺

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE959876C (de) * 1952-10-01 1957-03-14 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren und Rohling zum spanlosen Herstellen von Hohlteilen aus Metall mit abgesetztem Huelsenschaft und profiliertem Bund, wie Zuendkerzengehaeusen
FR1112344A (fr) * 1953-11-12 1956-03-13 Kabel U Metallwerke Neumeyer A Procédé et dispositif d'estampage à la presse, en particulier à froid, de pièces de forme à collerette, en métal, de préférence en acier
FR1423292A (fr) * 1965-01-30 1966-01-03 Procédé de fabrication d'éléments tubulaires métalliques ou autres matières, dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé ou procédé similaire, et les éléments tubulaires conformes à ceux obtenus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69401752D1 (de) 1997-03-27
DE4342562A1 (de) 1994-11-24
SI9300258A (en) 1995-02-28
JPH08510960A (ja) 1996-11-19
ES2100068T3 (es) 1997-06-01
DK0700323T3 (da) 1997-07-28
EP0700323A1 (fr) 1996-03-13
DE69401752T2 (de) 1997-06-05
WO1994026437A3 (fr) 1995-01-19
WO1994026437A2 (fr) 1994-11-24
RU2116861C1 (ru) 1998-08-10

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