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EP0772963B1 - Semoir, en particulier pour le semis direct et/ou en paillage - Google Patents

Semoir, en particulier pour le semis direct et/ou en paillage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0772963B1
EP0772963B1 EP96117825A EP96117825A EP0772963B1 EP 0772963 B1 EP0772963 B1 EP 0772963B1 EP 96117825 A EP96117825 A EP 96117825A EP 96117825 A EP96117825 A EP 96117825A EP 0772963 B1 EP0772963 B1 EP 0772963B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
knifing
projections
disks
gap
recesses
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96117825A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0772963A1 (fr
Inventor
Reinhold Schulte
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FRANZ KLEINE AGRARTECHNIK GMBH
Original Assignee
Franz Kleine Agrartechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=7777082&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0772963(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Franz Kleine Agrartechnik GmbH filed Critical Franz Kleine Agrartechnik GmbH
Publication of EP0772963A1 publication Critical patent/EP0772963A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0772963B1 publication Critical patent/EP0772963B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
    • A01C5/062—Devices for making drills or furrows
    • A01C5/064—Devices for making drills or furrows with rotating tools

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sowing machine, in particular for mulching and / or direct sowing, with two V-shaped mutually aligned Cutting discs for opening the floor and a gap downstream coulter for shaping and stabilizing the cross-section the furrow formed from the gap, with the in The preamble of the features specified.
  • Mulch seed is the spreading of the seeds in a furrow in the Understand the floor where the floor is either not at all or has only been processed near the surface.
  • Direct sowing is understood here as the spreading of the seeds, without any tillage taking place beforehand.
  • the soil can also be covered with a catch crop be ordered, which serves as cover crop, with the plant remains over winter until the later series closure of the seeds plants, especially beets, an optimal Result in soil protection.
  • This area should now be sown become.
  • the sowing site i.e. in a row, when sowing, the Straw layer or the plant layer if possible not moved and also not to be put away because otherwise through this movement the weed growth stimulated and the risk of dehydration for the Soil is raised just at this point.
  • the seeder has two V-shaped parts employed cutting discs for gap-like opening of the floor and a downstream one arranged between the cutting disks Coulter for shaping and stabilizing the cross section of the furrow formed from the gap.
  • the cutting discs are hired against each other, whereby they are in Touch the direction of travel at the front approximately at the level of the floor.
  • the cutting discs form in connection with the coulter a furrow that is basically W-shaped. Every cutting disc is alternating with radially extending along its edge Projections and with arched recesses Mistake.
  • the odd number of protrusions on one Cutting disc agrees with the number of protrusions on the other cutting disc does not match, so no assignment between the projections and recesses on the cutting discs exists transversely to the direction of travel.
  • the ledges through the floor driven cutting discs come into frictional contact with one another.
  • the radial length of the protrusions versus the recesses is smaller than the depth of the gap formed with it.
  • the Cutting disks also cause one by opening the furrow lateral bulge of the floor, connected with a lateral one Clearing away plant residues so that they do not fall into the furrow can fall.
  • a metering device is used to drop the Grains in the furrow. It is also a facility for Closure of the furrow provided.
  • Another seeder is from the applicant's prospectus "UNICORN-3" known with the printing information U3 1193 P4. It points two V-shaped cutting discs positioned against each other for gap-like opening of the bottom. Own the cutting discs circular outline and are set against each other so that a V-shaped gap is created. Fall into this V-shaped gap also pieces of straws and / or other plant remains into it, from the one following the cutting disks Coulters are often pressed to the bottom of the furrow to be formed. This is particularly the case with straws that face in the direction of travel of the seed drill or seeder. An immediate deposited on such a straw at the bottom of the furrow Seeds then have extremely bad germination and wax conditions. The soil and water connection for this seed has deteriorated, the straw being an insulating layer, so to speak forms. The consequence of this is a deterioration in seed emergence.
  • the invention has for its object a seed drill of the beginning to provide the type described, with which mulch and / or direct sowing a good ground connection of the seed can be achieved without the area to be formed beforehand Furrow of straw, parts of plants and the like Like. Be cleared got to.
  • this is the case of a sowing machine as described at the beginning Art achieved in that the V-shaped against each other employed cutting discs are in their lower, in the ground touch penetrating area or penetrate that the radially extending projections and recesses of the two Cutting disks alternating in the direction of travel in relation to each other are provided side by side, and that both cutting disks so positioned against each other and rotatably with each other are connected that the recesses or projections of the two Cutting disks in the gap formed transversely to the direction of travel create mutually offset bump-like supports.
  • the invention is based on the idea of the cutting discs formed gap with an approximately V-shaped formation to profile. For this purpose touch or penetrate each other the V-shaped cutting discs in their lower area penetrating into the ground.
  • the two cutting discs can with their projections and recesses in the gap inevitably circulate against each other on a gap with each other. This will be at the bottom of the V-shaped groove in front of the poleschar created hump-like supports that are higher than that Because of the gap are arranged. So there are support areas for pieces falling into the furrow or gap Straws, plant remains and. Like. That formed the falling Position it well in a location that is definitely higher than the bottom of the gap and the bottom of it then through the subsequent coulter-forming furrow.
  • This bump-like supports form a series of supports in the Gap that together form a level that is higher than the bottom of the gap and at a lower level than the surface of the Floor is arranged.
  • the bump-like supports are so against each other offset that a barrier layer for in the Gap falling plant parts is formed.
  • the humpy Bearings can overlap each other, in one Projection of the supports in the direction of travel. It is also possible that the supports created more or less point or are linear, so as to drop from Prevent plant parts to the bottom of the gap.
  • the two cutting discs can thus be positioned against each other and be rotatably connected to each other that the hump-like Connect the supports at least to one another transversely to the direction of travel. This connection is at least in the projection of the bump-like support in a transverse to the direction of travel Given level. But it is also possible that the hump-like Overlap cross-sections in this direction, so the depressions created by the projections, that go to the bottom of the gap, no connection to each other to have.
  • the two cutting discs can with their projections or recesses penetrate each other or so be positioned against each other and employed, so to speak mirror image of a vertical center plane in the direction of travel are arranged and do not just penetrate each other.
  • the projections and the recesses on the cutting discs can have a rectangular outline. But it is also possible that the Protrusions and recesses on the trapezoidal cutting discs or have a triangular shape. In this case, the bumpy Support not from the bottom of the recess, but from the overlap between projection and recess formed.
  • the radial length of the projections on the cutting discs over the Recesses beyond should be at least about a third of the depth make up the gap so that falling into the gap Plant parts are stored correspondingly higher than the bottom of the gap and be caught there by the following coulter.
  • the coulter downstream of the cutting discs can be a coulter have and be arranged on the seeder that the Scharsech engages between the cutting discs.
  • the cutting discs are arranged so that they are in open the rear area facing the coulter while in the front area are largely closed to cut here penetrate into the ground and form the gap.
  • the Scharsech protrudes between the two cutting discs from behind inside. It fulfills a certain cleaning function here by Plant parts adhering to the projections of the cutting discs be stripped continuously. This favors training the hump-like supports in the gap. Also on the Earth adhering to cutting disks can continuously through the coulter be replaced.
  • the axes of the cutting disks are positioned against each other that the projections of the two cutting discs in the direction of travel front area are arranged closer together than in the back.
  • the axes of the cutting discs form in a horizontal plane with each other an angle in the direction of travel seen is slightly smaller than 180 °.
  • the axes of the Cutting disks are inherently skewed to horizontal and Vertical planes arranged.
  • the axes of the cutting disks can thus be set against each other be that the projections of a cutting disc in the generated by the recesses of the other cutting disc Engage recesses. This makes it possible to get the protrusions Sharpen like a knife and arrange it so that at the bottom of the Splits a straight or zigzag line of the deepest impressions are created by the projections. It is also possible that the projections of the cutting discs are formed obliquely are so that the projections of a cutting disc in generated by the recesses of the other cutting disc Engage recesses.
  • the setting - similar to teeth of saw blades - can also be designed so that the front Areas of the projections from the plane of the other cutting disc look out in the area of their projections.
  • the cutting disks can be convex or concave. This increases the dimensional stability of the cutting discs and designs the opening area and the cross-sectional shape of the gap.
  • the cutting discs can also be designed as flat disks, the interlocking only determined by the axis arrangement to each other and is determined.
  • the sowing device 1 shown in side view in FIG. 1 is included its frame 2 to a large extent across the working width screwed through machine frame 3 of a seeder. It is understood that a plurality of planters 1 on the Seeder is provided, the individual sowing devices 1 in Row spacing are arranged side by side. The direction of travel 4 is indicated by an arrow. Training the individual Elements of the sowing device 1 are known per se and therefore need no further explanation.
  • a metering device 5 is on a conventional handlebar construction, especially on parallelogram links, hung up. Sitting on the metering device 5 Container 6 for receiving the seeds. In the direction of travel 4 in the front are two cutting discs 7 and 8 next to each other arranged (see also Fig. 2 and 4). In Fig.
  • FIG. 1 is the clarity only one cutting disc 7 is shown for the sake of around projections 9 and recesses provided in the edge region thereof 10 to clarify. As can be seen from Fig. 1, have the projections 9 or recesses 10 delimit approximately rectangular Outline and extend with an even, half division over the circumference of the cutting disc 7.
  • Fig. 2 are both cutting discs 7 and 8 with their projections 9 and 10. Both cutting disks 7 and 8 can be of identical design, with only a half division in the circumferential direction are arranged offset to each other, so that in the side view the projections 9 of the cutting disc 7 are where the recesses 10 of the cutting disc 8 are and vice versa.
  • the Width of the projections 9 is slightly less than the width of the Recesses 10, so that the projections 9, if necessary, in the recesses 10 can intervene. To this extent, the projections 9 end radially a larger diameter than the recesses 10.
  • the cutting discs 7 and 8 are with their axes 12 and 13 (Fig. 5) obliquely to a horizontal plane arranged as well to a vertical plane, namely such that the cutting discs 7 and 8 in their upper region are further apart than in the lower area.
  • the Cutting disks 7 and 8 form in vertical section according to FIG.
  • the axes 12 and 13 are like this against each other that the cutting discs 7 and 8 in a front region 14 (FIG. 1) are closer together than in FIG a rear area 15.
  • the arrangement can in particular be taken that the projections 9 and recesses 10 in front area 14 are almost in a line in which they in penetrate the floor 16 while in the rear area 15 so are far apart from each other that there is a space arises in which a coulter between the cutting discs 7 and 8 17, which is designed as a thin, metal plate, can intervene.
  • the coulter 17 is one at the front end Coulters 18 attached, in the vertical longitudinal median plane 19 of the seeder 1.
  • the coulter 18 has in a known Wise skid-like shape with an approximately V-shaped outline. It is arranged below the metering device 5 and penetrates partially in the bottom 16. By far behind the coulter 18 a pressure roller 20 is provided, which the closing of the Furrow after sowing and pressing the soil. It is understood that other elements between the coulter 18 and the pressure roller 20 can be provided. However, since this is for the present invention is meaningless is based on its Playback waived.
  • two wheels 21 and 22 are included their axes 23 and 24 inclined and in association with the Cutting disks 7 and 8 arranged, as can be seen from Fig. 4 is.
  • the cutting discs 7 and 8 have a larger one outer diameter than the wheels 21 and 22 so that the protrusion, which is adjustable, the depth of penetration of the Cutting discs 7 and 8 set and determined in the bottom 16.
  • the cutting discs 7 and 8 are freely rotatable and are indirectly driven by the floor 16. they are non-rotatably connected, in particular by the mutual penetration of the projections 9 into the recesses 10, as can be seen from Fig. 5.
  • the two cutting discs 7 and 8 are placed against each other are that they are at least on one point in the area of Support recesses 10 against each other. But it is also possible that the arrangement is made so that the tips 25 of the Projections 9 of the two cutting discs 7 and 8 approximately on one common circumference come to lie, so that the then two cutting discs 7 and 8 with their projections 9 would touch if their circumferential offset by half Division is eliminated. As can be seen from Fig. 5, the Projections 9 sharpened laterally, that is, with an inclined surface 26 be provided, which favors penetration into the soil 16 and a too large inclination of the axes 12 and 13 against each other avoids.
  • FIG. 3 and the cross sections shown in Figs. 6 to 9 are the way the two cutting disks work 7 and 8 in connection with the coulter 18.
  • Fig. 3 is see with reference to Figure 2, d. H. it is in the floor 16 resulting picture shown, which results from the interaction of the Cutting discs 7 and 8 and the coulter 18 is created.
  • the two cutting discs 7 and 8 open the bottom 16 in the form of a Gap 27.
  • the projection 9 forms in Bottom a local depression 28, so that here the tip 25th this projection 9 reaches the greatest depth in the gap 27.
  • the Gap 27 thus has a depth 29 which corresponds to the extent of the Projections 9 of the cutting disc 8 corresponds.
  • a bump-like support 30 which is only a comparative has a smaller depth 31.
  • the difference in depths 29 and 31 is approximately at least one third of the depth 29 of the gap 27.
  • the situation is reversed by half a division.
  • the projection 9 of the cutting disk 7 forms a depression 28 (Fig. 7).
  • the recess 10 of the cutting disk 8 forms here a support 30.
  • the conditions change with each division in the direction of travel 4, as described. That way the gap 27 results in a special shape. in the the upper area is the gap 27 with a slightly V-shaped provided running wall.
  • the coulter 18 now engages in the gap 27 formed in this way Forward movement of the sowing device 1 in the direction of travel 4 and deforms the cross section of the gap 27 into a groove 33, as shown in Figs. 3 and 8 and 9.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the coulter 18 becomes the gap 27 also deepened so that it gets a depth 34.
  • the depth 34 can be greater than or equal to the depth 29 of the gap 27. In usually depth 34 will be greater than depth 29 so the soil is solidified at this point and a safe Support for the seed grain dropped by the metering device 5 35 forms.
  • the cross section of the coulter 18 can thus be chosen so that its width in the area of the surface of the Bottom 16 is equal to the width of the gap 27.
  • the coulter is 18 have a comparatively larger width and thus the Width of the gap 27 also in the area of the surface of the floor 16 widen, as can be seen in FIGS. 8 and 9.
  • the intended effect is that the coulter 18 at its intrusion and its forward movement through the Bottom 16 detects the straw 32 deposited on the supports 30 and so laterally into the wall 36 of the groove 33, as this is shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.
  • the straw is 32 in the wall 36 approximately at a height which is the difference in depths 29 and 31 corresponds, set so that the bottom of the furrow 33rd remains free and the seed grain 35 to the bottom of the furrow 33 can fall down so that it is in direct connection to the Soil is deposited. Then the furrow 33 is on known means closed and the soil over the Pressure roller 20 pressed, z. B. a carpet of chopped Straw remains largely undamaged and so does that Area of the seed row covered, so that this area in front excessive dehydration and erosion is protected.
  • the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 11 shows approximately projections 9 and recesses 10 outlined in a parallelogram, which are arranged inclined in the circumferential direction.
  • the projections 9 can - as in the production of saw bands or saw blades usual - be restricted, i.e. a bend opposite of the respective cutting disc.
  • In the embodiment 12 have the projections 9 triangular shape, and the recesses 10 result in a corresponding manner.
  • the supports 30 result accordingly the lines of intersection of the projections 9 at about one point 37.
  • the training can also be done that the depth 31 is about a third to half the depth 29 may be lower. So care must always be taken be that the recesses 10 well below the surface of the bottom 16 penetrate into this and in this way and Form the support 30.
  • FIG. 13 and 14 illustrate that the cutting discs 7 and 8 can also be convex or concave or deformed, to increase their stability on the one hand and on the other to to influence the shape of the gap 27. It understands themselves that the cutting discs 7 and 8 also as flat discs can be trained.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Sowing (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
  • Nitrogen- Or Sulfur-Containing Heterocyclic Ring Compounds With Rings Of Six Or More Members (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Semoir, en particulier pour le semis en paillage et/ou le semis direct, avec deux disques de coupe (7, 8) formant entre eux un V pour fendre le sol (16) et avec un soc (18) disposé derrière les disques de coupe, destiné à former et à stabiliser la section transversale de la fourche (33) obtenue à partir de la fente (27, avec un dispositif de dosage pour déposer les graines de semence (35) dans la fourche ainsi qu'avec un dispositif pour fermer la fourche, où les disques de coupe (7, 8) présentent dans leurs zones marginales alternativement des saillies (9) et des creux (10) d'orientation radiale et où la longueur radiale (11) dont les saillies (9) dépassent les creux (10) est inférieure à la profondeur (29) de la fente (27), caractérisé en ce que les disques de coupe (7, 8) disposés en forme de V l'un par rapport à l'autre viennent se toucher ou se transpercer dans leur région inférieure, celle qui pénètre dans le sol (16), en ce que les saillies (9) et les creux (10) d'orientation radiale des deux disques de coupe (7, 8) sont, dans le sens de l'avancement (4), situés en correspondance alternativement côte à côte et en ce que les deux disques de coupe (7, 8) à solidarité de rotation sont positionnés l'un par rapport à l'autre de manière telle que les creux (10) ou les saillies (9) des deux disques de coupe donnent naissance, dans la fente (27) formée, à des bosses de support (30) décalées les unes par rapport aux autres transversalement au sens d'avancement (4).
  2. Semoir suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les deux disques de coupe (7, 8) sont positionnés l'un par rapport à l'autre et sont réunis à solidarité de rotation de manière telle que les bosses de support (30) formées transversalement au sens d'avancement (4) sont au moins raccordées l'une à l'autre.
  3. Semoir suivant l'une ou l'autre des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les saillies (9) et les creux (10) sur les disques de coupe (7, 8) ont un contour rectangulaire.
  4. Semoir suivant l'une ou l'autre des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les saillies (9) et les creux (10) sur les disques de coupe (7, 8) ont une forme trapézoïdale ou triangulaire.
  5. Semoir suivant l'une ou l'autre des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la longueur radiale (11) des saillies (9) sur les disques de coupe (7) dépasse la longueur radiale des creux (10) d'au moins sensiblement un tiers de la profondeur (29) de la fente (27).
  6. Semoir suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes de 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le soc (18) qui est situé derrière les disques de coupe (7, 8) présente un coutre (17), et est disposé sur le semoir (1) de manière telle que le coutre (17) s'engage entre les disques de coupe (7, 8).
  7. Semoir suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes de 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les axes (12, 13) des disques de coupe (7, 8) sont orientés l'un par rapport à l'autre de manière telle que les saillies (9) des deux disques de coupe (7, 8) sont, dans la zone avant (14) dans le sens d'avancement (4), plus proches l'une de l'autre que dans la zone arrière (15).
  8. Semoir suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes de 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les axes (12, 13) des disques de coupe (7, 8) sont orientés l'un par rapport à l'autre de manière telle que les saillies (9) d'un disque de coupe (7) s'engagent dans les évidements engendrés par les creux (10) de l'autre disque de coupe (8).
  9. Semoir suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes de 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les saillies (9) des disques de coupe (7, 8) sont avoyées, de telle sorte que les saillies (9) d'un des disques de coupe (7) s'engagent dans les évidements engendrés par les creux (10) de l'autre disque de coupe (8).
  10. Semoir suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes de 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que les disques de coupe (7, 8) sont de forme convexe ou concave.
EP96117825A 1995-11-09 1996-11-07 Semoir, en particulier pour le semis direct et/ou en paillage Expired - Lifetime EP0772963B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19541874A DE19541874C2 (de) 1995-11-09 1995-11-09 Sägerät, insbesondere für die Mulch- und/oder Direktsaat
DE19541874 1995-11-09

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0772963A1 EP0772963A1 (fr) 1997-05-14
EP0772963B1 true EP0772963B1 (fr) 2000-03-01

Family

ID=7777082

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96117825A Expired - Lifetime EP0772963B1 (fr) 1995-11-09 1996-11-07 Semoir, en particulier pour le semis direct et/ou en paillage

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0772963B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE189945T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19541874C2 (fr)
DK (1) DK0772963T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2144685T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1007375C2 (nl) * 1997-10-28 1999-05-10 Maasland Nv Landbouwmachine.
FR2770367B1 (fr) * 1997-11-04 2000-01-28 Kuhn Sa Soc a disques pour semoirs
FR2805435B1 (fr) * 2000-02-29 2003-06-27 Molle Walter Karel Leon Van Dispositif de securite pour chasse-debris a disques entraines en rotation forcee destine a degager tout obstacle devant le soc ou les disques sillonneurs d'appareils de semis ou de plantation
US7216596B2 (en) 2000-03-21 2007-05-15 Ceekay Innovations Pty Ltd Agricultural apparatus
DE10247569B3 (de) * 2002-10-11 2004-05-19 Kverneland Asa Säschar
HUE031745T2 (en) 2007-10-23 2017-07-28 Agco-Amity Jv Llc Agricultural machine

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4295532A (en) * 1979-11-02 1981-10-20 Acra-Plant, Inc. Planter with cooperating trash clearing discs
DE3111181A1 (de) * 1981-03-21 1982-09-30 Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer Gmbh & Co Kg, 4507 Hasbergen "drillmaschine mit einscheibenscharen"
US4598654A (en) * 1981-12-31 1986-07-08 Acra-Plant, Inc. Furrow opener and follower blade
US5370070A (en) * 1992-10-13 1994-12-06 Acra-Plant, Inc. Narrow profile soil opening device for agricultural material placement
FR2709040B1 (fr) * 1993-08-17 1998-11-13 Molle Walter Van Dispositif chasse-mottes à rotation forcée destiné à éliminer les obstacles sur le tracé d'un sillon destiné au semis ou à la plantation.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0772963A1 (fr) 1997-05-14
ES2144685T3 (es) 2000-06-16
DK0772963T3 (da) 2000-06-05
ATE189945T1 (de) 2000-03-15
DE59604535D1 (de) 2000-04-06
DE19541874A1 (de) 1997-05-15
DE19541874C2 (de) 1999-02-18

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