Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
  • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
  • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
  • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
  • B07C5/3412—Sorting according to other particular properties according to a code applied to the object which indicates a property of the object, e.g. quality class, contents or incorrect indication
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
  • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • G07C3/00—Registering or indicating the condition or the working of machines or other apparatus, other than vehicles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
  • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
  • B07C2501/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material to be sorted
  • B07C2501/0054—Sorting of waste or refuse

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for the disposal of production objects according to the preamble of claim 1 and a disposal system for production objects according to the preamble of claim 9.
• manufacturing objects is intended primarily to include higher-value devices, electrical and electronic devices and components, in particular consumer goods and capital goods from the consumer sector, for example radios, television sets, computers, fax machines, but also washing machines, dishwashers, lawnmowers, cars and the like Components, devices and systems from the manufacturing area include.
• one or more central institutions are in a relatively strong position vis-à-vis the disposal companies due to the large quantities being allocated, so that the disposal risks are taken over by the disposal company.
• the certification and control function vis-à-vis the waste disposal company is secured, as is the management of a waste disposal fund and the complete disposal of the manufactured items.
• the invention has for its object to provide a method for the disposal of objects of manufacture, in particular of electrical and electronic household goods and capital goods, and to provide a disposal system for manufacturing equipment, which ensures a smooth disposal and in a particularly simple and efficient manner, a clear assignment of the objects of manufacture and secure disposal costs and ensure exact billing.
• the object is achieved according to the invention by the characterizing features of claim 1 and with respect to the disposal system by the characterizing features of claim 9.
• Appropriate and advantageous refinements are contained in the subclaims and in one exemplary embodiment.
• an electronic data carrier is used for identification for each production object.
• This electronic data carrier for example a ROM or RAM, preferably a contactlessly operating data carrier, which is arranged on or in each production object, contains identification data which can be programmed in a tamper-proof manner and evaluated with computer support.
• the data of all manufactured objects are stored in a memory and fed to central disposal stations via a data network. At least the manufacturer of the object of manufacture can be uniquely identified by the data in a particularly simple, expedient manner.
• the distinctive and forgery-proof Generate data from a disposal program can advantageously be stored directly on the data carrier.
• a production item that has been supplied to a disposal point after years and whose electronic data carrier is evaluated and compared with the stored data can be disposed of in a programmed manner and at least partially recycled.
• the identification data can be contained on magnetic strips on the production object or also on components or components or devices of a complex production object, which are read out by a reading magnetic head in the area of a disposal point.
• the electronic data carriers are expediently arranged in or on the object of manufacture during manufacture and, in particular, permanently integrated into the object of manufacture in an arrangement which is resistant to disruptive environmental influences.
• containers for holding materials and goods are provided with markings. These are not electronic data carriers or computer-aided evaluation and computer-aided disposal of the containers or the container contents. In contrast, subjective controls and rejection are provided.
• transponders can be used particularly advantageously as electronic data carriers. These transponders are already provided with distinctive and tamper-proof identification data in the manufacturing process, which can also be referred to as a code. Transponders that are effective without contact and without visual contact with non-metallic substances and liquids and, to a certain extent in the transmission path, also with non-ferrous metals are manufactured in a wide range of types, sizes and shapes. Identification is also possible with transponders that are attached to steel parts and embedded in them so that a transponder surface remains free. Thanks to an extremely small design of a few millimeters, transponders can be easily integrated into the production objects. They can be attached invisibly or they can be visible and, for example, embedded in the plastic wall of a production object.
• the permanently programmed, individual identification data are usually coded as consecutive sequences of numbers, which provide information about the manufacturer and specific information about the object of manufacture with regard to the disposal and recycling of the materials used, e.g. precious metals, substances hazardous to health, non-usable components and the like, as well as for the expiry of the disposal program or contain.
• Disposal programs which are developed in collaboration between the manufacturer and the waste disposal company and are constantly updated, are expediently controlled by identification data.
• the possibility of computer-aided sorting of the items to be disposed of is particularly advantageous, for example depending on the disposal program, the manufacturer or the type of device.
• the costs of the respective disposal program can be assigned to a cost object, for example the manufacturer of the object of manufacture, and on-line or be invoiced on a regular basis.
• the administrative effort is particularly low.
• a statistical recording and evaluation of the disposal can be carried out according to various criteria and a direct influence on an environmentally friendly, recyclable design of the products can be made possible.
• An exact, complete tracking of the disposal mechanisms is an advantage, especially with regard to substances hazardous to health.
• the identification data in the memories are only deleted after the complete disposal of a production item.
• read / write transponder which is expediently provided with a protective device against unauthorized writing, can be useful.
• read / write transponders enable writing in the manufacturing process, during storage and in particular changes made in the case of service or repairs and relevant for disposal. All essential data, for example the storage time, guarantee period, parts replaced during a repair and the like, can be programmed in particularly cost-effectively and, in addition, entire processes, for example storage, can be automated with the aid of control devices.
• the disposal system provides one, but preferably several, central disposal points, to which the identifiable production objects to be disposed of are fed.
• the disposal points are each provided with at least one reading device as an evaluation unit for the identification data.
• battery-operated handheld readers with memory and display unit can be used, which can be coupled to a data network via an interface.
• Stationary readers can have several read points as well as separable antennas.
• Several reading points are expediently connected to a data network system which has a central computer.
• the data from the reading points can be passed on to the central computer by a multiplexer.
• a control device connected to the computer or computers controls the recording of the returned production objects and the specific disposal programs.
• a company X for example, produces about 1 million dishwashers of different designs and under different trade names, which are in European and non-European countries are delivered. It is assumed about DM 50, - disposal costs per device, so that about DM 50 million disposal costs are incurred per year.
• each dishwasher is provided with a transponder as an electronic data carrier, in which distinctive, individual identification data are programmed.
• This transponder which does not have its own power supply and has an almost unlimited lifespan, can be detachably or permanently arranged in any dishwasher and remains in the device until the last component or feed material is disposed of or used.
• the identification data is stored by the manufacturer, for example immediately after the manufacturing process, during storage or during shipping.
• the data is made available to all disposal points, or at least one central disposal point, via a data network. It is not only the manufacturer of the production objects that can be clearly identified with the identification data.
• a disposal program or disposal plan can be assigned to the identification data at the same time, which was usefully prepared by the manufacturer in consultation with the disposal company.
• the device If the device is defective or outdated after a correspondingly long period of use, it will be taken to the nearest disposal point.
• the code is read out via a reader and the device is properly disposed of in accordance with the individual disposal program. With the help of a computer-aided cost allocation, the disposal costs are invoiced to the manufacturer and then the identification data of the device are deleted from the memories or the memory is removed or made unusable.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

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Cited By (3)

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• 1993
  • 1993-04-14 DE DE4312180A patent/DE4312180C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1994
  • 1994-03-17 EP EP94104241A patent/EP0627709A3/fr not_active Withdrawn

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