EP0620951A1 - Bougie d'allumage chauffee electriquement pour allumer des melanges carburant-air - Google Patents
Bougie d'allumage chauffee electriquement pour allumer des melanges carburant-airInfo
- Publication number
- EP0620951A1 EP0620951A1 EP93924498A EP93924498A EP0620951A1 EP 0620951 A1 EP0620951 A1 EP 0620951A1 EP 93924498 A EP93924498 A EP 93924498A EP 93924498 A EP93924498 A EP 93924498A EP 0620951 A1 EP0620951 A1 EP 0620951A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- insulating body
- electrical insulating
- electrical
- spark plug
- heating element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- LNUFLCYMSVYYNW-ZPJMAFJPSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-6-[[(3s,5s,8r,9s,10s,13r,14s,17r)-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(2r)-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]-4,5-disulfo Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](COS(O)(=O)=O)O[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1OS(O)(=O)=O)OS(O)(=O)=O)O[C@@H]1[C@@H](COS(O)(=O)=O)O[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1OS(O)(=O)=O)OS(O)(=O)=O)O[C@@H]1[C@@H](COS(O)(=O)=O)O[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1OS(O)(=O)=O)OS(O)(=O)=O)O[C@@H]1C[C@@H]2CC[C@H]3[C@@H]4CC[C@@H]([C@]4(CC[C@@H]3[C@@]2(C)CC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H]1O[C@H](COS(O)(=O)=O)[C@@H](OS(O)(=O)=O)[C@H](OS(O)(=O)=O)[C@H]1OS(O)(=O)=O LNUFLCYMSVYYNW-ZPJMAFJPSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000615 nonconductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001260 Pt alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/02—Details
- H01T13/18—Means for heating, e.g. for drying
Definitions
- the invention is based on an electrically heated spark plug according to the type of the main claim.
- An electrically heated spark plug is already known (DE-AS 19 08 971), in which a wire-shaped resistance heating element is embedded in the longitudinal section of the electrical insulating body on the combustion chamber side, comprising the central electrode is; the electrical leads to the resistance heating element are also embedded in the electrical insulating body.
- the installation of such a resistance heating element and its supply lines in the electrical insulating body is very expensive and the durability of such an arrangement is unsatisfactory because of the different thermal expansion coefficients of the electrical insulating body and resistance heating element.
- the electrically heated spark plug according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that the resistance heating element can be attached to a spark plug in a technically simple and cost-effective manner and remains functional in the long term.
- the electrical insulating body is produced from two components, the first of which comprises the longitudinal bore, is of essentially rotational metric shape and has a diameter over its entire length which is essentially the diameter of the resistance heating element has supporting longitudinal section, and of which the second component is designed like a sleeve and pushed onto the first component and fixed thereon, forming the collar of the electrical insulating body.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 show developments of configurations of resistance heating elements applied to the spark plug electrical insulating body. Description of the embodiments
- the (high-voltage) spark plug 10 shown in FIG. 1 has an essentially tubular metal housing 11 which has a screw-in thread 11/1 on its outside on the combustion chamber side and a key hexagon 11/2 on the connection side as a means for installing the spark plug 10 in a ( Internal combustion engine (not shown), in particular for an internal combustion engine of motor vehicles; the representation of a sealing ring has been dispensed with.
- this metal housing 11 comprises, in a known manner, a rotationally symmetrical electrical insulating body 12, which, for example, essentially consists of sintered aluminum oxide, has a so-called head 12/1 on the connection side, which faces in the direction Connect a 12/2 collar and a 12/3 foot to the combustion chamber.
- This electrical insulating body 12 lies with a shoulder 12/4, which is formed between the collar 12/2 and the foot 12/3 of the electrical insulating body 12, on a shoulder 11/4 in the through bore 11/3 of the metal housing 11;
- a sealing ring 14 is arranged between the shoulder 12/4 of the electrical insulating body 12 and the shoulder 11/4 of the metal housing 11.
- the connection-side region of the metal housing 11 is shaped as a flange edge 11/5 via this flange ring 15.
- the electrical insulating body 12 is held firmly and tightly in the metal housing 11.
- the shrink area of the metal housing 11 is identified in the figure by the reference number 11/6.
- the electrical insulating body 12 can also be fixed in a known manner by cementing or the like in the metal housing 11.
- the electrical insulating body 12 has, in a known manner, a step-shaped longitudinal bore 12/6, the head bore 12/7 of which is located in the connection-side area has a larger diameter than the foot bore 12/8 of the electrical insulation body 12 on the combustion chamber side; the foot hole 12/8 begins approximately in the area of the shoulder 11/4 in the through hole 11/3 of the metal housing 11.
- a center electrode 16 extends in this foot hole 12/8, the shaft 16/1 of which essentially fills the cross section of the foot hole 12/8 of the electrical insulating body foot 12/3, with its end on the combustion chamber side over a spark gap 17 at the end on the combustion chamber side of the metal housing 11 is attached to the ground electrode 13 and merges at its connection-side section via a collar 16/2 into a head 16/3, which in turn is provided with a smaller diameter.
- the collar 16/2 of this center electrode 16 lies in the longitudinal bore 12/6 of the electrical insulating body 12 on a shoulder 12/9 formed between the head bore 12/7 and the foot bore 12/8 and consequently determines the longitudinal fixation of the center electrode 16.
- the center electrode 16 consists in a known manner of a corrosion-resistant material (e.g.
- the head 16/3 of the central electrode 16 is preferably provided with anchoring means (for example grooves, wings) and is surrounded by an electrically conductive and heat-conductive casting compound 18 which fills the area of the head bore 12/7 of the electrical insulating body 12 located here and extends further in this head bore 12/7 on the connection side.
- Such casting compounds 18 are known (for example from DE-PS 1 206 209, US Pat. No. 2,106,158), they can additionally also be provided with substances acting as electrical resistance (for example, US Pat. No. 3,903,453).
- a pin-shaped connecting element 19 with the end section of its shaft 19/1 on the combustion chamber side is immersed in the potting compound 18; the section of the connecting element 19 which is immersed in the sealing compound 18 is equipped in a known manner with anchoring means 19/3 (for example thread, knurling).
- This bolt-shaped connecting element 19 is made of metal and has a head 19/2 adjoining its shaft 19/1 on the connection side; this head 19/2 of the connecting element 19 has a diameter which is larger than the diameter of the shaft 19/1 and which fills the cross section of the longitudinal bore 12/6 of the electrical insulating body 12.
- a flange 19/4 is also formed on the connection side, which closes the connection-side end of the longitudinal bore 12/6 of the electrical insulating body 12 and merges into a threaded section (not shown), on which one section has a so-called SAE Profile provided connecting nut 20 is screwed on.
- the ground electrode 13 shown in FIG. 1 is designed as a bent wire welded to the metal housing 11, but it can also be of another known configuration.
- Such ground electrodes 13 are made of erosion-resistant material, e.g. made of a nickel alloy, but they can also have a copper core and / or be equipped with precious metals.
- a longitudinal section located on the head 12/1 of the electrical insulating body 12 is provided with a plurality of coaxial annular grooves 12/11, which serve as a leakage current barrier;
- Such ring grooves 12/11 are state of the art and can be of different profiles.
- a depression 12/11 is formed coaxially around the end section of the central electrode 16 on the combustion chamber side, the dimensions of which depend on the particular type of internal combustion engine; Such a depression 12/11 is called a breathing space.
- the foot 12/3 of the electrical insulating body 12 is of circular cylindrical shape and closes on the combustion chamber side with its end face 12/10 approximately with the end face 11/6 of the metal housing 11, but can also protrude somewhat behind the metal housing end face 11/6 or somewhat above this metal housing face 11/6 protrude.
- a resistance heating element 21 is arranged according to the invention, which is applied using thick-film technology (e.g. screen printing method, rolling process) and consists of a suitable material (e.g. platinum alloy, tungsten alloy).
- the configuration of the resistance heating element 21 can - as shown in development - be carried out as shown in FIG. 2 of the drawing, i.e. with tracks 21/1 which run essentially in the circumferential direction of the electrical insulator base 12/3 and are connected in series with one another.
- a resistance heating element 21 ' In another embodiment of a resistance heating element 21 ', the tracks 21/1' run axially parallel on the electrical insulator base 12/3, and are then also electrically connected in series.
- a resistance heating element 21, 21 ' is preferably applied to that longitudinal section of the electrical insulating body base 12/3 by means of screen printing or roller technology which comprises the depression 12/11 (breathing space) of the electrical insulating body 12.
- the resistance heating element 21 is connected by means of web-like electrical conductors 22, which are also applied to the electrical insulating body 12 by a screen printing or rolling method, with connecting elements 23/1. 23/2 electrically connected, which are preferably ring-shaped and are fixed on the electrical insulating body head 12/1. These connection elements 23/1, 23/2 are separated from one another by means of an insulating washer 24 arranged between the two.
- a first electrical conductor 22 (in FIG.
- connection element 23/1 located furthest on the connection side on the electrical insulating body head 12/1, while the second electrical conductor 22 (in Figure 1 on the left side of the electrical insulating body 12) is connected to the connection element 23/2 which is close to the metal housing 11.
- the electrical insulating body 12 is composed of two components, the first component comprising the head 12/1 and the base 12/3 and a central section 12/13 of the electrical insulating body 12, all of which have an outer diameter like the electrical insulator base 12/3.
- the second component of the preferred embodiment of the electrical insulating body 12 is the electrical insulating body collar 12/2, which in this case is tubular and is fixed on the central section 12/13 of the first described component of the electrical insulating body 12 (preferably by sintering).
- the electrical conductors 22 extending from the resistance heating element 21 do not lead over the electrical insulating body collar 12/2, but over the surface of the central electrical insulating body section 12/13.
- the resistance heating element 21 and the associated electrical conductors 22 can be applied to the electrical insulating body 12 in a single application step (screen printing or rolling process).
- the resistance heating element 21 and the electrical conductors 22 are covered by means of an electrically insulating layer (not shown) or by means of the described tubular collar 12/2 and are thus protected against unwanted electrical contact with the metal housing 11 which is electrically grounded.
- the resistance heating element 21 and the electrical conductors 22 can preferably be applied to the cylindrical first component of the electrical insulating body 12 which is still in the "green state"; then this first component is finish-sintered with the applied resistance heating element 21 and the electrical conductors 22, and only then is the tubular collar 12/2 sintered onto the first component of the electrical insulating body 12 in an additional sintering step.
- the insulating layer can be applied to the heating element 21 or the electrical conductors 22 by known methods (e.g. spraying, dipping).
- the heating power supplied via the connection elements 23/1, 23/2 can be regulated as a function of the electrical resistance of the resistance heating element 21 and consequently can be kept at a minimum required level.
- the heat value of the candle is influenced by the formation of the depression 12/11 located in the electrical insulating body end face 12/10 (breathing space).
- spark plugs with electrical resistance heating element 21 prevent deposits of soot, 01, coal and ash in the area of such spark plugs 10 on the combustion chamber side and consequently bring about a better cold start, a more reliable ignition and a longer service life of the spark plugs. They also enable a lower ignition voltage requirement and larger heat value ranges.
- the resistance heating element 21, 21 'according to the present invention is very efficient and simple to apply to the electrical insulating body 12.
Landscapes
- Spark Plugs (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention concerne une bougie d'allumage (10) chauffée électriquement, servant à allumer des mélanges carburant-air. Cette bougie d'allumage (10) entoure de manière étanche un corps isolant électrique (12) placé dans un passage (11/3) de son boîtier tubulaire en métal (11). Une électrode centrale (16) reliée électriquement à un élément de raccordement (19) est fixée dans un alésage longitudinal (12/6) du corps isolant électrique (12). Afin d'assurer une étanchéité aux gaz sur toute l'étendue à l'intérieur du boîtier en métal (11), le corps isolant électrique (12) est muni d'une collerette (12/2). L'élément chauffant à résistance (21) est monté sur une section longitudinale (12/3) cylindrique circulaire du corps isolant électrique (12), située côté chambre de combustion, sous forme d'une couche épaisse de configuration prédéfinie dans laquelle les conducteurs électriques (22) menant à l'élément chauffant à résistance (21) sont également réalisés. Dans le mode préféré de réalisation, le corps isolant électrique (12) se compose de deux composants: le premier contient l'alésage longitudinal (12/6) et comporte sur toute sa longueur le même diamètre que celui de la section longitudinale (12/3) qui soutient l'élément chauffant à résistance (21); le second se présente sous forme de manchon constituant la collerette (12/2). Il est poussé sur le premier composant et y est fixé.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19924237444 DE4237444A1 (de) | 1992-11-06 | 1992-11-06 | Elektrisch beheizte Zündkerze zum Zünden von Kraftstoff-Luft-Gemischen |
| DE4237444 | 1992-11-06 | ||
| PCT/DE1993/001028 WO1994011933A1 (fr) | 1992-11-06 | 1993-10-28 | Bougie d'allumage chauffee electriquement pour allumer des melanges carburant-air |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0620951A1 true EP0620951A1 (fr) | 1994-10-26 |
Family
ID=6472222
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP93924498A Withdrawn EP0620951A1 (fr) | 1992-11-06 | 1993-10-28 | Bougie d'allumage chauffee electriquement pour allumer des melanges carburant-air |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0620951A1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE4237444A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1994011933A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3345761B2 (ja) * | 1993-06-16 | 2002-11-18 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | ヒーター付スパークプラグ及びその製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2235370A1 (de) * | 1972-07-19 | 1974-01-31 | Daimler Benz Ag | Elektrisch beheizte zuendkerze fuer brennkraftmaschinen |
| EP0225713A1 (fr) * | 1985-11-25 | 1987-06-16 | General Motors Corporation | Bougie d'allumage munie d'un thermocouple et sa méthode de fabrication |
| JPH0298085A (ja) * | 1988-10-03 | 1990-04-10 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | スパークプラグ |
| JP2857660B2 (ja) * | 1989-12-28 | 1999-02-17 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | ヒータ付点火プラグを有する内燃エンジンの空燃比制御方法 |
-
1992
- 1992-11-06 DE DE19924237444 patent/DE4237444A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1993
- 1993-10-28 WO PCT/DE1993/001028 patent/WO1994011933A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 1993-10-28 EP EP93924498A patent/EP0620951A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO9411933A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4237444A1 (de) | 1994-05-11 |
| WO1994011933A1 (fr) | 1994-05-26 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
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| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE |
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| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
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| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19941129 |