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EP0603884B1 - Système de parc de stationnement radial et mécanique - Google Patents

Système de parc de stationnement radial et mécanique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0603884B1
EP0603884B1 EP19930120795 EP93120795A EP0603884B1 EP 0603884 B1 EP0603884 B1 EP 0603884B1 EP 19930120795 EP19930120795 EP 19930120795 EP 93120795 A EP93120795 A EP 93120795A EP 0603884 B1 EP0603884 B1 EP 0603884B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elevator
cabin
pulleys
car
parking
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19930120795
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0603884A3 (en
EP0603884A2 (fr
Inventor
Luis Rodolfo Zamorano-Morfin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZAMORANO-MORFIN, LUIS RODOLFO
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Individual
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Publication date
Priority claimed from MX9207515A external-priority patent/MX9207515A/es
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Publication of EP0603884A2 publication Critical patent/EP0603884A2/fr
Publication of EP0603884A3 publication Critical patent/EP0603884A3/en
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Publication of EP0603884B1 publication Critical patent/EP0603884B1/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H6/00—Buildings for parking cars, rolling-stock, aircraft, vessels or like vehicles, e.g. garages
    • E04H6/08—Garages for many vehicles
    • E04H6/12—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles
    • E04H6/18—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in vertical direction only or independently in vertical and horizontal directions
    • E04H6/181—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in vertical direction only or independently in vertical and horizontal directions the cars rolling freely from the transfer means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H6/00—Buildings for parking cars, rolling-stock, aircraft, vessels or like vehicles, e.g. garages
    • E04H6/08—Garages for many vehicles
    • E04H6/12—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles
    • E04H6/18—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in vertical direction only or independently in vertical and horizontal directions
    • E04H6/28—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in vertical direction only or independently in vertical and horizontal directions characterised by use of turntables or rotary rings for horizontal transport
    • E04H6/282—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in vertical direction only or independently in vertical and horizontal directions characterised by use of turntables or rotary rings for horizontal transport turntables, rotary elevators or the like on which the cars are not permanently parked

Definitions

  • This invention refers to a mechanized, radial type parking system, allowing twelve vehicles to be parked per floor without the need of areas for mane Fineng or circulation, and which applies to any urban area, especially where the land is scarce and expensive. The result is a high level of efficiency and density for vehicle parking as compared with the overall land and building area.
  • a parking lot of this type is disclosed in Mexican patent applications Nos. 927515 and 936173, belonging to the same titleholder of the present patent application.
  • Previously-existing parking systems are very varied, and can be classified in non-mechanized and mechanized categories.
  • the first provide ease of circulation to allow vehicles to move from the entrance to the parking space, whether located on a single ground-level floor, or on a higher floor where access is by means of a sloping ramp, or where the parking spaces form part of such ramp.
  • These parking lots are characterized by low efficiency, high investment costs, the need for a large land and construction area, and low operating and maintenance costs.
  • the second type of parking lots (mechanized) are characterized by a higher level of efficiency, ranging from those with a low level of sophistication which combine an elevator mechanism with circulation lanes, to fully mechanized systems where the vehicles are suspended in the lifting equipment itself or in vertically-placed niches. Use of the latter has been extremely restricted and for very specific applications, due to their high investment cost.
  • a radial mechanized parking system takes the foregoing design factors into consideration, providing potential benefits in technical and economic aspects.
  • US-A-3 497 087 discloses a multi-storey car park of cylindrical form having a central lift structure in which is mounted an elevating platform for cars, the arrangement being such that when said platform has arrived at a desired floor level, the lift structure can be rotated to a selected orientation to permit a car carried by said platform to drive into a selected one of several parking positions arranged in a circumferential array to define a central lift shaft.
  • the lift structure is an open, rectangular in horizontal cross-section arrangement composed of vertically extending members braced on its two major sides by diagonally extending members; and being open at its two minor sides to provide access for cars to drive off and onto said elevating platform.
  • the elevating platform is carried by these endless chains.
  • the rotatable lift structure has rollers at its lower end running on a circular base edge, power for rotation being an electric motor positioned below said structure and coupled by a belt and pulley arrangement to a central drive shaft of the lift structure beneath its lower extent.
  • the power for the aforesaid spockets is an electric motor mounted on the rotatable lift structure.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an improved car parking system of the mechanized radial-type which is efficient, novel, functional and extremely economical for installation in urban areas.
  • the other object of the present invention is to optimize the use of urban land areas by parking vehicles on two or more floors.
  • Another object of the present invention is to eliminate car circulation, ascent and descent ramps and lanes, in order to better utilize the available construction area of the parking system.
  • An additional object of the present invention is to have a car-lifting system which, once vehicles are lifted from one level to another, revolves on its own access to allow them to be placed at a suitable angle for ascent and descent.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide parking where the dead weight of the building is relatively low when compared with the live weight of the cars ad their occupants, in order to reduce the investment costs.
  • Yet another object of this invention is the possibility to provide a mechanized and semi-mechanized system to work faster in placing the cars, and which operates with a high degree of security for the occupants, the operating personnel, the vehicles and the parking system itself.
  • a object of the present invention is the possibility to provide a modular parking system the capacity of which can be increased in accordance with the needs of each specific case, and which is easily made, put together and operated.
  • a new parking system of the radial, mechanized type consisting basically of a foundation slab of reinforced concrete which will serve as a supporting platform for the structure of the building, as well as, serving as the lower floor of the parking system; a metallic or concrete structure with radial girders sustained by suitably-distributed columns for supporting both the dead weight of the building and the live weight of the cars and their occupants; a revolving elevator of a hydraulic with cables type in the center of each tower which, in addition to hoisting the vehicles, revolves around a central axis to acquire any of twelve preselected positions within 360°, a signalling and control system which allows the operator to identify unoccupied spaces and make the elevator cabin stop vertically on the desired floor and horizontally in the required position, while at the same time allowing safe operation of the elevator in order to prevent any movement or rotation while a vehicle is being lifted or lowered to the elevator cabin.
  • the parking system of the present invention consist of a cylindrically-shaped building of two or more floors in the form of a circular crown, placed one obove the other in perfect alignment, in such a way that its structural elements coincide when seen from above.
  • the floors are supported by columns in such a way that each floor has the capacity to house twelve radially-placed cars.
  • a car elevator is placed in the center of the circular crown of each floor, which will raise or lower these to each floor or from each floor to ground level, and will position them by revolving on its central axis in the ascent or descent angle of the elevator required, according to the relative position of the parking space or point of exit.
  • a feature of this elevator is that, in addition to its transfer movement, it also rotates the structural guide tower, the carlift and hydraulic lifting system.
  • the elevator consists of a vertical revolving structure which turns on its vertical longitudinal axis and which, in its lower part, serves as a support for the hydraulic lifting equipment and as a guide for the lifting cabin which runs vertically within the guide bars of structure itself.
  • the metallic structure consists basically of a revolving table in the form of an inverted pyramid which supports two structural legs throughout the vertical length of the entire elevator and the hydraulic equipment, and whose upper extremity is another pyramid.
  • Two central axis (an upper and a lower placed on the vertexes of the pyramids) formed by ball bearings, make up the revolving axis of the structure, the cabin and the hydraulic equipment by the action of an operator on the lower part of the table who, through a crown gear, a pinion and an electrical gearmotors, starts the rotatory movement which will permit the radial positioning of the elevator cabin in each of the twelve parking places corresponding to each of the floors.
  • the elevator will be actived by an oleohydraulic system equipped with hydraulic pistons and pumps so that, when the pistons move outside the cylinders, the elevator cabin is raised, and vice versa.
  • the elevator is also equipped with electrical and electronic controls to allow its ascent and descent operation, turn clockwise and counterclockwise, and controls to prevent its transfer and rotating movements if the vehices obstruct the light ray of the photocell installed at the entrance to the rotating platform of the elevator itself.
  • the parking system will be equipped with a complete indication and control system, by means of which the equipment moves semiautomatically to allow the admission of cars, indication of vacant spaces, access, raising and rotation of the elevator, and the elevator call.
  • the indication and control system consists basically of a logical control programmer, a control panel which governs the elevator, call buttons, obstruction sensors, positioning sensors and proximity sensors.
  • the system as a whole will have a specially-designed operating language and logical programs for exercising the desired actions in accordance with the specific configuration of the equipment.
  • the parking lot will be equipped with stairs and an elevator for transporting clients in order for users to be transported to or from each floor of the building.
  • the first ones can consist or one or several floors where the vehicles circulate by a central horizontal, or sloping ascending lane, with parking spaces at the sides the cars require extensive space for circulation and a relatively large turning ratio for parking in battery form.
  • the second, mechanized parking systems have evolved in some of the industriallized nations and usually include elevator systems or mechanical vehicle parking.
  • the system presented here falls within the mechanized type parking, with different alternatives for transporting the cars and the automatization desired.
  • This type of parking system can sufficient space for installing one or several towers of two floors or more, as needed.
  • the parking building consists of a vertical structure, of either reinforced concrete or preferably of metal, which is cylindrical in form with several floors, which can be from two to an indefinite number, in accordance with the special conditions of each case.
  • the building structure is supported by foundations, depending on the specific conditions of the project, the height of the building, the overall weight, the soil conditions, etc.
  • These foundations can take the form of an extended slab of reinforced concrete (1), isolated shoes or continuous foundations in the form of concentric circular rings.
  • the floor on each level can be made of reinforced concrete slabs or, preferably, steel sheeting (7) of a caliber suitable for the live weight it must support, being in the form of a natural U and an inverted U to form a continuous accordion shaped surface, thus achieving a substantial reduction in the weight of each level, with a reduced dead weight and a lower investment cost.
  • the building will have stairs (8) and an elevator (9) for parking users, to be placed as shown in figures 1, 2, 3 and 4.
  • the equipment will consist basically of two items, each covering various components of the system.
  • the first item is the car elevator (10), in its various embodiments, and the signalling and control system (figure 11).
  • the car elevator consists of a supporting, rotating and guiding metal structure (11), as shown in figures 5, 13, 15, 18 and 21 related to each embodiment of the elevator, which is formed by two structured metallic columns (11) joined only at top and bottom which are vertically parallel and serve as a guide for the elevator cabin (25).
  • the lower part of the structure (11) ends in a kind of inverted pyramid (12) (partially shown), where the lower corner acts as a rotating support for the entire tower, including the elevator cabin and hydraulic equipment, utilizing an axial type bearing (15) which is firmly attached to the foundations on one side, and to the lower inverted pyramid of the structure also ends in a kind of structural pyramid with a transversal element which joins the two legs of the structure (11) guiding the elevator, the pyramid having another bearing, in this case for axial type loads, in the center of the vertex (21), the lower part of which is joined to the elevator tower (11), while its upper part is connected to four horizontal girders (22) forming a cross- shaped member.
  • Girders (22) are, in turn, attached to four internal columns (2) of the parking building (figure 4), in order to keep the vertical rotating shaft of the elevator itself centered and properly aligned.
  • the two structural metallic columns are composed of primary elements (11), which form a vertebral column in conjunction with secondary elements (13), which will increase their rigidity by providing better proportions, above all in parking system where it is necessary to install a greater number of floors.
  • the primary vertically- placed structural elements (11) serve as support for installing the vertical parallel rails (17), which will guide the ascent or descent of the elevator cabin (25).
  • the lower part of the elevator structure is also intended to house the elevator hydraulic system (19), consisting of the oleohydraulic tank, the hydraulic pressure pumps, the control valves and the cylinders (35), together with their hydraulic pistons (36) and, on the other hand, houses two speed reducing electrical gearmotors (24), which are vertically placed and which at their ends, protruding from the rotor shaft, are connected by two pinion-type gears which turn around a circular crown (23) of straight gears which are firmly attached to the concrete foundation (1) of the elevator itself.
  • the elevator hydraulic system (19) consisting of the oleohydraulic tank, the hydraulic pressure pumps, the control valves and the cylinders (35), together with their hydraulic pistons (36) and, on the other hand, houses two speed reducing electrical gearmotors (24), which are vertically placed and which at their ends, protruding from the rotor shaft, are connected by two pinion-type gears which turn around a circular crown (23) of straight gears which are firmly attached to the concrete foundation
  • the drive of the two geramotors will result in the entire elevator (10) as a whole (metallic structure, cabin, hydraulic system, etc.) turning around the vertical shaft driven by the movement of the electric speed reducing gearmotors (24) around the crown of gears (23).
  • the motive elements consist of electric motors which receive a precise signals from the control system in order to adopt a position preselected by the master control of the logical control programmer, clockwise or counterclockwise, permitting a turn in the shortest direction between the original cabin position and final destination position.
  • the oleohydraulic equipment of the elevator consists basically of the following essential elements: One or two metallic tanks (19) for storing and returning the system's hydraulic oil; one or two hydraulic pumps activated by electric motors (not shown in the drawings), which are placed inside the oleohydraulic tanks with a submerged type installation, and are moved by one or two electric motors (not shown) which, on functioning, inject the hydraulic oil through the control valves (not shown) towards the lower part of the hydraulic cylinder (35) placed on each side of the cabin (25), and running parallel to the metallic structure (11) and the guide rail (17).
  • Two pulleys (20) are placed on the upper ends of the cylinder pistons (36), said pulleys supporting the elevator cables (34), and being fastened at one end to the structural base of the revolving tower (12) and, at the other end, are connected to the elevator cabin (25).
  • the electric actuation of the hydraulic pump motors results in the oil from the storage tanks being injected at high pressure at the base of the hydraulic cylinders (35), which results in the pistons (36) being vertically displaced upwards and outwards, so that the metallic cables (34) fastened to the elevator cabin are displaced in one direction so that the cabin itself rises with a run equal to twice the stroke of the hydraulic pistons.
  • the electric motors of the pumps turn anticlockwise, they will absorb oil from the hydraulic cylinders and transfer this to the storage tanks, retracting the pistons and displacing the metallic cables anticlockwise, so that the elevator cabin descends.
  • the elevator cabin (25) consists of a box of metallic sheeting in parallelepiped form, suitably reinforced by structural elements (26) to allow it to be hoisted from the transversal ends, preventing their permanent deformation.
  • Some guides (27) are placed on the upper and lower edges of the cabin, which can be the sliding shoe or revolving bearing type which engage the guide rails (17) on three sides, allowing the cabin to move vertically, perfectly guided, thus achieving the desired alignment of the cabin (25) throughout its vertical journey.
  • Two metallic guides (28) are placed inside the cabin for car tires, so that these enter or leave the elevator in the direction and with the alignment required for their suitable functioning.
  • the traps (29) consist, for example, of four structural steel plates or angles placed in reverse, which slide or turn by means of a gear and lever mechanism, which is moved by a mechanical actuator (30), with an electrical or reversible hydraulic motor, so that the angle wedges or plates in front of and behind the front wheels of cars to prevent their moving when the traps are applied, or are withdrawn by either sliding or turning a center at one end to withdrawn from the path of the vehicles and free the tires, allowing them to move over the guides (28) of the elevator cabin.
  • Bipartite metallic doors (31) will be placed at both ends of the elevator cabin, which slide towards each side of the cabin.
  • the doors are electrically operated by a mechanism which is actived once the elevator cabin has been vertically and angularly placed in front of each of parking spaces.
  • Protective barriers (32) are placed on each floor of the parking building, around the car elevator shaft, for the purpose of preventing any person or car from coming too close to the open elevator shaft. These barriers are folding and are raised upwards by pushing a stem (33), which is moved automatically by an extension mechanism of the elevator itself, connected to the actuator (30) of the elevator traps.
  • Two spring shock absorbers (18) are placed on the upper part of the turntable (12), the purpose of which is to progressively reduce the impact of a sudden descent of the elevator cabin.
  • the signalling and control system of the parking system forms a basic part of same, since this permits the semiautomatic and safe operation of the entire system.
  • a more advanced version of the same is the fully automatic control system, which is described as embodiment hereafter.
  • the general configuration of the semiautomatic control system for the parking system takes various forms into consideration, based on the basic equipment, the sophistication of which can increase to the point where a fully automatic system is obtained.
  • the basic equipment consists of the elements shown in figure 11.
  • the instrumentation and control system consists basically of three interconnected subsystems to provide the necessary operating and safety conditions, which are:
  • This system consists of one, two or three folding access barriers (37) and conventional ticket machines (38), which will have car presence detectors which permit these to enter when there are spaces available, or refuse entry when the signal of the Logical Control Programmer shows that there are no places available.
  • this system includes the conventional collection system (39), which consists of a parking time reader which issues the cost when the time recorded is multiplied by the unit cost of the time unit. Both items of equipment, that for issuing tickets and that for reading and invoicing, can be replaced by access and exit equipment which utilizes plastic cards with magnetic tapes, achieving the same effect.
  • the system described here is connected to a logical control programmer and a conventional personal-type computer (40) which, in turn, forms part of the elevator operation and call subsystem.
  • ELEVATOR OPERATION AND CALL SUBSYSTEM This system consists basically of a Logical Control Programmer (41) with suitable entry and exit signals, for receiving occupation signals from each parking space, the permanent location of the elevator cabin, and to give the command signal to the elevator to attend a request.
  • the Logical Control Programmer will have doors to connect the personal computer, which will have doors occupancy conditions and the calls pending answer on the monitor screen, together with the possibility of calculating invoicing and showing the operation acrual. It will also show autodiagnoses of the status of different system elements.
  • the Logical Control Programmer has additional communication ports for connecting a portable programming computer, the card reader, a VHF frequency radio modem (42), the ticket issuer and the data channel or "bus" (43), obtained from the cable concentrators (44) on each floor of the parking building.
  • each parking space There are two primary elements in each parking space which will transmit signals to the logical control programmer.
  • the first are photoelectric cells (45), which will detect the presence or absence of a car in each space, showing their availability for occupancy, which will be located by means of the logical control programmer to a specific space as a possible destination of the elevator to unload cars.
  • the second will be the call buttons (46) located in each parking space which, on being pushed, will request the presence of the elevator at the correct floor and in the correct radial position, to permit the exit of a specific car from the parking building.
  • Both the photoelectric cells and the call buttons will be connected to the logical control programmer by means of cable concentrators (44), which will classify the signals to identify their origin and send them through a data bus to a signal converter (47) which will, in turn, be connected to the logical control programmer.
  • the purpose of this invention is to command the actions of the elevator.
  • Some of these are of the conventional type, such as the opening and closing of doors, the detection of door obstructions, the raising and descent of the elevator cabin, the closing of the hydraulic valves, the sequential registration of calls requesting the elevator and the floor destination to which the elevator should be sent.
  • Others are completely innovative, such as the transmission by VHF bandradio (42) of requests from the different users located in parking space, the rotation of the elevator around its vertical shaft to place itself in a required radial position, application of the counterturn brake to avoid horizontal rotation,the permanent location of the cabin transmitted to the logical control programmer and application of the elevator cabin tire traps, among others.
  • the control equipment consists of the conventional equipment used for elevators, which is not described since it is in common use, to which controls similar to that of vertical elevation will be added to achieve the startup, acceleration, deacceleration, stoppage and braking of the angular rotation motors of the elevator cabin by means of the speed reducing electrical gear motors (24), which act on the gear crown (23).
  • the speed reducing electrical gear motors 24
  • photoelectric cells (45) and call buttons (46) a cordless data transmission will be utilized, using a pair of "duplex" type transmitters/receivers on the VHF (Very High Frequency) waveband (42), connected to signal modulators for converting digital signals into radio signals and vice versa.
  • VHF Very High Frequency
  • the elevator cabin has a command panel with buttons (49) for indicating the desired destination to the control panel, with regard to the floor and the anular location of the specific space.
  • buttons (49) for indicating the desired destination to the control panel, with regard to the floor and the anular location of the specific space.
  • the safety control equipment is to be found within this subsystem, consisting of photoelectric cells on each of the elevator doors which avoids their closing if any obstruction exists, in which case they do not give the affirmative signal to the control panel for beginning the lifting and rotation movements; and, on the other hand, the starting controls of the tire trap actuators which, on being appplied, should similarly give permission to commence the lifting and rotation movements of the elevator cabin.
  • the operation described is following the sequence of entering the car park, parking the car and, subsequently, leaving the parking building.
  • All cars will arrive at the ground floor entrance, which can be one of the parking spaces (two or three), the sole purpose of which is to permit entrance.
  • the optical or loading sensors will detect their presence, and the automatic ticket issuer (38) will print the date and time and, if desirable, the exact location of a vacant space to which the parking of the vehicle has been allocated, and will send an automatic signal to the logical control programmer (41) notifying the presence of a car which wishes to enter, which will look for a vacant space as near as possible to the ground floor, in accordance with the period of time the vehicle is scheduled to be parked, which will be defined by the entrance space utilized.
  • the entrance bar or barrier (37) When the driver takes the ticket, the entrance bar or barrier (37) will be lifted to allow the car to enter the ground floor parking space acting as a passage, to then enter the elevator cabin. If the cabin is not placed in front of this space, the ground floor protection barrier (32) will be in place, preventing the car from going farther. Once the elevator cabin (25) has been placed facing the access space, the barrier (32) will be vertically lifted, the doors (31) of the elevator cabin will be opened, the tire traps (29) will be released, and a green light will go on the advise the driver that the car should enter the elevator cabin.
  • the elevator operator can see from the command panel which of the pilotlights is lighted, indicating a vacant space on a specific level.
  • the operator gives an order to the logical control programmer (41) to commence the operation of the hydraulic pumps (19') of the car elevator (10), and the rotation movement of the platform will begin simultaneously, in order to place the elevator in the required direction.
  • the first will be to draw back the piston of the safety barrier (32) on the ground floor, allowing it to fall, corresponding to the space where the car is located, and the safety device will be activated to prevent this rising solely by pushing same; the second, that the traps (29) be applied to the front wheels of the car, and the third is that of shutting the sliding doors (31) of the elevator cabin.
  • the confirmation of these three actions by the logical control programmer (41) will give the command to begin opening the hydraulic valves connecting the hydraulic cylinders, and release of the counterturn brake of the horizontal rotation gearmotors (24), commencing the vertical transfer and rotation of the elevator cabin through the control panel and the respective motors (19 and 24).
  • the hydraulic valves of the oleohydraulic plant and the counterturn brake of the rotation motors (24) will be automatically applied and the tire traps (29) will be deactived one by one, the elevator doors will be opened (31) and the protective barrier (32) corresponding to the parking space of destination will be lifted, allowing the driver of the vehicle to park this in reverse in the assigned space with the assistance and help of the elevator operator.
  • the vehicle should be driven to some stops placed on the floor to limit the perimetral transit passage of pedestrians in the area, whether or not they are coming for their vehicles.
  • the elevator can be requested by the driver of another vehicle on the same, or another, floor, or by the driver of any vehicle which is entering the parking building.
  • the selection of priorities can be automatically programmed, or the elevator operator can decide manually, depending on the proximity of the space of the vehicle wishing to leave, or the demand for the entry or exit of vehicles at a certain time of day.
  • drivers In order for a vehicle to be able to leave the parking building, drivers should reach same by using the passenger elevator (9) or the stairs (8), or the perimetral passages. Once within his vehicle, the driver should press the call button (46) for the elevator, located on the inside columns of the building at the height of the driver's window. At the same time, the driver should start his car and await the elevator.
  • the elevator call button When the elevator call button is pushed, the signal is transferred through the cable concentrators (44) and the data bus (43) to the logical control programmer (41), which will process the call and send a codified signal to the VHF radio equipment which will, in wireless form, transmit this signal to the radio receiving equipment located close to the hydraulic system of the elevator.
  • Signals are modulated and demodulated in order to be digitally fed to the car elevator control panel, in response to the request for positioning the elevator cabin (25), exactly opposite the parking space from which the call came.
  • the signal can be stored in the waiting line control or automatically or manually executed directly by the operator, so that the elevator descends vertically with a circular movement in the desired direction.
  • the counterturn brakes will again be applied and the hydraulic valves closed, the protective barrier will be lifted and the green light of the elevator parking lights will be put onto the indicate that the vehicle can drive into the elevator cabin.
  • No elevator operation can be carried out while the car is blocking the light ray from the photoelectric cells, signifying that the doors cannot be closed.
  • the motor should be kept runnning, but with the brake on to avoid any movement, and so suppplement the restraining action of the tire trap described above.
  • the elevator on descending to the ground floor, should revolve as necessary in order for the platform to be orientated in such a way that the front of the vehicle is pointing towards the exit lane. Once the elevator has come to a standstill, the driver will be allowed to approach the payment booth, where he will deliver his ticket so that the amount owing can be calculated.
  • the platform can revolve up to 360°, however, control will be programmed so that the maximum turn in any direction either clockwise or counterclockwise, is up to 180°, in order to minimize the time and length of the rotating movement.
  • Figures 12 and 13 represent an alternative embodiment of the radial parking system, in which the parking is similar to that previously described but with the difference that the elevator(10), instead of using cylinders with a single piston, use hydraulic cylinders (55) of the telescopic piston type, thus reducing the length of piston (56) to half if there are two telescopic piston sections, or to one-third in the case of four telescopic pistons.
  • These telescopic cylinders are in common use, for which reason no further details are given here. The rest of the components, both for the building, the elevator, the controls, etc., remain as in the previous description.
  • FIG. 14 The embodiment proposed in Figures 14, 15 and 17 is characterized by a parking elevator (10) being moved by four cylinders (60) with a single piece tubular piston (not shown), or by telescopic pistons (61, 62), as in the case shown, which can be two, three or four-stage.
  • This alternative embodiment can be used to advantage in installations where the number of floors to be served by the elevator are numerous, and the lenght of the cylinder and the pistons must be limited. At the same time, this embodiment reduces the diameter required for each piston by duplicating the number if pistons for the same given weight and the same hydraulic fluid pressure.
  • the elevator system consists of a system similar to that described in the preferred embodiment, where a rotatory tower (11), is moved around a vertical center by two electric gearmotors (24), and which has a cabin (25) to lift the cars through a hydraulic system (19) consisting of an oil tank, hydraulic pumps, valves and four cylinders with hydraulic pistons, normal or telescopic type, which are placed vertically at the sides of the cabin, two in vertical ascending form and two in vertical descending form.
  • a hydraulic system (19) consisting of an oil tank, hydraulic pumps, valves and four cylinders with hydraulic pistons, normal or telescopic type, which are placed vertically at the sides of the cabin, two in vertical ascending form and two in vertical descending form.
  • Each of the pistons has a metallic pulley (63) at the protruding end, over which the cables of flexible steel run in the form of an S or an inverted S, and which at one end are fixed to the base plate (64) of the inverted pistons (62) and, at the other, to the elevator cabin (25), so that the movement transmission ratio is 4:1; that is, for each unit of distance travelled by the pistons (61, 62), the cabin travels four units of distance. In other words, the distance travelled by the cabin and the speed of ascent and descent is four times greater than that of the pistons.
  • FIG. 17, 18 and 19 Another embodiment is shown in Figures 17, 18 and 19 in which the parking system is similar to those previously shown but with the elevator featuring two sets of mechanisms consisting of pulleys, cables, counterweights and hydraulic pistons, to obtain vertical movement transmission ratios of 6:1.
  • the system consists of two sets of five grooved pulleys placed on the upper part of the elevator tower, at each side of the cabin; three pulleys (66) are fixed at each side and the remaining two (67) are movable, and move vertically up or down; each of the pulleys having free rotatory movement.
  • the movable pulleys (67) are linked by a metallic structure or member (68), which keeps them separated and includes at its ends two sliding guides for pulley rails (69), which will keep the movement straight throughout the journey of ascent or descent, which will only be one-sixth of the vertical journey of the elevator cabin (25).
  • the rails are suitably supported and spaced from the secondary structure (11) of the elevator.
  • Two counterweights (70) are hung from the center of the metallic structures (68) of the pulleys, the purpose of which is to reduce the power necessary for raising the elevator cabin plus the weight of the cars and their occupants.
  • the total weight of the two counterweights will in fact be approximately equal to between 120% and 140% of the dead weight of the cabin, plus the elevator load.
  • the mobile pulleys and the fixed pulleys are connected as shown in figure 17, by means of flexible metal cables (71) in the form of a vertical zigzag with 6 steps, one end of the cables being fixed to the structure of the elevator tower (11) and the other to the elevator cabin.
  • Below the counterweights are two cylinders with oleohydraulic pistons (72), which are supported by the elevator structure (11), and their pistons (73) work vertically underneath the counterweights.
  • the form of operation consists of whether or not the cabin is loaded, oil is drained from the hydraulic cylinders, allowing the pistons to retract and lower the counterweights, so that the steel cables move one way only and the elevator cabin rises.
  • This embodiment can result in substancial saving in the cost of the elevator mechanisms, since the needs of the oleohydraulic mechanisms is considerably reduced, and also gives relatively large elevation distances with relatively small pistons.
  • the embodiment proposed in figures 20, 21 and 22 corresponds to a parking system similar to those previously described but with the difference, as in the previous case, that the car elevator has a cable system (71), fixed pulleys (66) and hydraulic cylinders (72), with a transmission ratio of 6:1.
  • the car elevator has a cable system (71), fixed pulleys (66) and hydraulic cylinders (72), with a transmission ratio of 6:1.
  • the present invention can consists of two or more adjacent parking towers, utilizing the same passenger elevator services and stairs, with the possibility of transferring vehicles from one building to another should any operational problem arise in one of the car elevators.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Types And Forms Of Lifts (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Système de parc de stationnement pour voiture permettant une réduction de la surface totale requise pour parquer des véhicules sur deux ou plusieurs niveaux et pour réduire dans une grande mesure l'aire de manoeuvre pour placer les véhicules dans leur espace respectif, qui est constitué d'un immeuble à deux ou plus étages (7) sous forme cylindrique, ayant un élévateur de voiture rotatif (10) au centre pour transporter les véhicules au niveau ou étage de parc de stationnement requis (7) et pour les placer d'une manière telle que c'est seulement en quittant l'élévateur, qu'ils sont placés à leur position de stationnement final ; ledit système de parc de stationnement comprenant également un équipement de signalisation et de commande (40 à 47), des escaliers (8) et un ascenseur pour passager (9) ; les véhicules étant parqués sous forme radiale et sans avoir besoin de passages de circulation puisque l'élévateur de voiture (10) a une cabine centrale tournante (25) qui, à mesure qu'elle monte, est tournée à l'emplacement et est tournée pour la placer à l'angle requis pour le stationnement ; et
       ledit élévateur de véhicule rotatif (10) est mis en oeuvre par un système hydraulique (19) combiné avec des câbles (34), qui procure à la cabine (25) transportant le véhicule un déplacement de transfert vertical pour monter et abaisser les véhicules et un déplacement rotatif horizontal pour placer les véhicules dans une position finale à un angle approprié pour la montée ou la descente ; ledit élévateur comprenant :
    (a) une structure rotative métallique (11) qui est constituée de deux jambes structurelles mutuellement en regard et interconnectées à leurs parties supérieure et inférieure par des éléments de renforcement et de support ; chaque jambe comprenant des guides (17) s'étendant le long de la longueur de celle-ci ;
    la structure rotative (11) est raccordée à sa partie supérieure à l'immeuble et à sa partie inférieure aux fondations (1) au moyen de rouleaux, afin de maintenir l'axe de rotation vertical de l'élévateur centré et sans variations ;
    (b) ladite cabine (25) pour recevoir une voiture étant déplaçable verticalement vers le haut et vers le bas entre les jambes de la structure rotative (11) et le long des guides (17) prévus dans celle-ci, la cabine comprend des guides ou des chemins (28) couplés à son plancher pour recevoir les pneus des véhicules étant transportés dans celle-ci et un moyen (29) pour fixer et libérer lesdits pneus ;
    (c) un moyen d'entraínement pour mettre en oeuvre le système hydraulique pour déplacer la cabine vers le haut et vers le bas ; et
    (d) un moyen de rotation placé à la partie inférieure de la structure métallique (11) pour tourner celle-ci de sorte que la cabine (25) est placée de manière appropriée lors de la fin de son déplacement vertical et comprenant deux moteurs à engrenage (24) accouplés par des mécanismes d'engrenage à la structure métallique, pour communiquer le déplacement à ladite structure dans les deux directions ;
       et des éléments de guidage (27) placés sur le côté de la cabine, lesquels coulissent le long des guides de la structure (17) pendant le déplacement vertical de la cabine ; la relation de coulissement des deux guides (17, 27) permettant à la cabine de se déplacer verticalement sous une forme qui est parfaitement guidée et alignée sur toute sa course.
  2. Système de stationnement pour voiture selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le moyen d'entraínement est constitué de :
       une paire de cylindres (35) avec des pistons hydrauliques (36) ayant des poulies (20) à leurs parties supérieures, lesdits cylindres (35) étant placés sur une base adjacente à la partie inférieure de ladite structure rotative (11) et une structure oléohydraulique (19) placée au niveau de la partie inférieure de ladite structure rotative (11) qui est en communication fluidique avec les cylindres (35) de sorte que les pistons télescopiques (36) de ceux-ci se déplacent verticalement.
  3. Système de parc de stationnement pour voiture selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le moyen d'entraínement est constitué d'une paire de cylindres (55) avec des pistons télescopiques hydrauliques (56) ; ayant des poulies (20) à leurs parties supérieures, lesdits cylindres (56) étant soutenus par des bases essentiellement placées au milieu de chaque jambe structurelle ; et un centre oléohydraulique (19) placé à la partie inférieure de ladite structure rotative (11) qui est en communication fluidique avec les cylindres de sorte que les pistons télescopiques (56) se déplacent verticalement.
  4. Système de stationnement pour voiture selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le moyen d'entraínement est constitué de :
    i) un piston télescopique hydraulique (57, 58) connecté à son extrémité supérieure à la partie inférieure de la cabine (25) et qui est encastré dans la partie inférieure de l'ensemble du parc de stationnement et a un boítier tubulaire cylindrique encastré dans la terre qui a la longueur du piston hydraulique télescopique de l'élévateur divisée entre le nombre de sections du piston lui-même ; et
    ii) un système oléohydraulique (19) placé à la partie inférieure de la structure rotative (11) qui est en communication fluidique avec le piston télescopique hydraulique (57, 58) pour déplacer verticalement celui-ci.
  5. Système de parc de stationnement pour voiture selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le moyen d'entraínement est constitué de :
    i) un ensemble de pistons télescopiques hydrauliques formés par une première paire de pistons (60, 61) qui se déplacent verticalement vers le haut et une seconde paire de pistons inversés (60, 62) qui se déplacent verticalement vers le bas ; chacun desdits pistons ayant une poulie à gorge (63) à son extrémité dépassante, à travers laquelle gorge des câbles coulissent (34) ; lesdits câbles (34) étant connectés à une extrémité à la cabine de l'élévateur (25) et à l'autre extrémité sont fixés solidement dans une plaque de base (64) supportant les pistons ; et
    ii) un système oléohydraulique (19) placé dans la partie inférieure de ladite structure rotative (11) et en communication fluidique avec les pistons hydrauliques télescopiques (60, 61 ; 60, 62) pour déplacer ceux-ci verticalement.
  6. Système de parc de stationnement pour voiture selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élévateur de voiture rotatif (10) est mis en oeuvre au moyen d'un système hydraulique combiné avec des poulies (66, 67), des câbles (71) et des contrepoids (70) et les moyens d'entraínement sont placés sur chaque jambe structurelle (11) pour déplacer la cabine (25) vers le haut et vers le bas, lesdits moyens d'entraínement comprenant
    i) un premier ensemble de poulies (66) fixées à la partie supérieure de la structure d'élévateur (11) et un second ensemble de poulies déplaçables (67), ces dernières étant raccordées entre elles par un élément métallique (68) ayant des guides à ses extrémités ; les poulies déplaçables (67) étant déplaçables verticalement vers le haut et vers le bas ; lesdites poulies fixes et lesdites poulies déplaçables étant librement rotatives ;
    lesdites poulies fixes et déplaçables sont connectées par les câbles (71) qui sont fixés à la cabine (25) à une extrémité et à l'autre extrémité à la structure métallique rotative (11) ;
    ii) un contrepoids (70) placé immédiatement au-dessous des poulies déplaçables (67) et fixé à l'élément métallique (68) raccordant celle-ci de sorte que ledit contrepoids (70) se déplace également verticalement vers le haut et vers le bas ; et
    iii) un cylindre avec un piston hydraulique (72) placé sous chaque contrepoids (70) pour déplacer celui-ci verticalement vers le haut lorsqu'il est souhaité déplacer la cabine de l'élévateur (25) vers le bas ; lesdits cylindres étant supportés par la structure d'élévateur rotatif (11).
  7. Système de parc de stationnement pour voiture selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élévateur de voiture rotatif est mis en oeuvre par un système hydraulique combiné avec des poulies et des câbles procurant aux véhicules un déplacement de transfert vertical et un déplacement de rotation horizontal ; le moyen d'entraínement comprend :
    i) un premier ensemble de poulies (66) fixées à la partie supérieure de la structure d'élévateur (11) et un second ensemble de poulies déplaçables (67), ces dernières étant raccordées entre elles par un élément métallique (68) ayant des guides à ses extrémités, les poulies déplaçables (67) étant déplaçables verticalement vers le haut et vers le bas ; lesdites poulies déplaçables et les poulies fixes étant librement rotatives ; les poulies fixes et déplaçables sont raccordées de manière fonctionnelle au moyen de câbles (71) qui sont fixés à une extrémité à la cabine (25) et à l'autre extrémité à la structure métallique rotative (11) ; et
    ii) un cylindre (72) avec un piston hydraulique (73) pour déplacement inverse soutenu par la structure d'élévateur (11) immédiatement sous les poulies fixes (66), l'extrémité du piston étant solidement fixée à l'élément métallique (68) raccordant les poulies déplaçables (67) pour déplacer celles-ci vers le haut et vers le bas et déplaçant ainsi verticalement la cabine de l'élévateur (25).
EP19930120795 1992-12-23 1993-12-23 Système de parc de stationnement radial et mécanique Expired - Lifetime EP0603884B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
MX9207515A MX9207515A (es) 1992-12-23 1992-12-23 Mejoras para un estacionamiento de automoviles a base de un estacionamiento mecanizado tipo radial
MX9207515 1992-12-23
MX9306173 1993-10-04
MX9306173 1993-10-04
MX9307724 1993-12-07
MX9307724 1993-12-07

Publications (3)

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EP0603884A2 EP0603884A2 (fr) 1994-06-29
EP0603884A3 EP0603884A3 (en) 1994-08-24
EP0603884B1 true EP0603884B1 (fr) 1998-06-10

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JP (1) JPH06280418A (fr)
BR (1) BR9305221A (fr)
CA (1) CA2112163A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69319079T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2120472T3 (fr)

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RU2260100C1 (ru) * 2004-05-14 2005-09-10 Основин Евгений Владимирович Многоярусная стоянка (варианты)
RU2260099C1 (ru) * 2004-05-14 2005-09-10 Основин Евгений Владимирович Многоярусная стоянка (варианты)
CN100482911C (zh) * 2006-06-23 2009-04-29 河北宏地停车设备有限公司 筒式组合密集型立体停车库
BR102013028165B1 (pt) * 2013-10-31 2021-11-03 Carmine Alexandre Cifelli Estacionamento de veículos em múltiplos níveis e método de gestão de manobras
CN104234479B (zh) * 2014-09-05 2016-08-24 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 一种用于地下立体停车库的组合式井筒状结构
EP3196385A1 (fr) * 2016-01-21 2017-07-26 DPG Deutsche Parken GmbH Parc de stationnement pour vehicules automobiles, en particulier parking a etage et procede de construction d'un parc de stationnement
CN106958375B (zh) * 2017-05-12 2022-09-23 安徽博微联控科技有限公司 立体车库中转台的安装结构
CN107140494A (zh) * 2017-05-25 2017-09-08 浙江南奥电梯有限公司 一种高效汽车电梯及其操作方法
CN107299785B (zh) * 2017-08-18 2023-03-21 厦门市市政工程设计院有限公司 一种预制拼装式停车库及其施工安装方法
CN109113401B (zh) * 2018-08-27 2020-06-16 丽水学院 一种多功能自动化停车装置及其停车方法
CN111411804A (zh) * 2019-01-07 2020-07-14 合肥后浪电子商务有限公司 小型空中圆形动态停车场
WO2020243109A1 (fr) * 2019-05-24 2020-12-03 Elreich Ahmad Abu Systèmes de transport pour véhicules hybrides
CN111021802B (zh) * 2019-12-06 2021-07-13 中国海洋大学 一种单驱动控制多层转盘独立转动的双环形立体车库
CN111219089B (zh) * 2020-03-03 2025-05-23 林富玉 一种立体车库用车辆载运出入库系统
CN111962944B (zh) * 2020-07-31 2022-04-15 山东劳动职业技术学院（山东劳动技师学院） 一种智能立体车库系统
CN112634474B (zh) * 2021-01-25 2022-08-23 厦门君衡科技服务有限公司 一种用于车辆的停车收费装置
CN112922412B (zh) * 2021-01-28 2022-07-15 湖南汽车工程职业学院 一种基于大数据的智能停放和提取车辆的立体停车系统
CN112854854A (zh) * 2021-03-19 2021-05-28 王骏 停车机构以及停车系统
CN113944356A (zh) * 2021-10-28 2022-01-18 洛阳理工学院 一种环形半地表智能停车库
NL1044222B1 (nl) * 2021-12-01 2023-06-30 Bahri Boudali Werkwijze voor het bouwen van een bouwwerk met bouwhulpmiddelen die zijn ingericht om permanent in het bouwwerk te kunnen verblijven
CN114396187A (zh) * 2022-02-28 2022-04-26 江西奥德川自动化科技有限公司 一种可旋转式智能升降圆形车库
CN114922485B (zh) * 2022-04-15 2023-12-05 湖北泊都智能科技有限公司 一种高层车库车辆举升装置
CN114776108A (zh) * 2022-04-27 2022-07-22 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 一种公交车立体车库系统
CN119122351B (zh) * 2024-11-12 2025-09-09 中铁十五局集团有限公司 一种具有履带式循环电梯系统的垂直地下车库
CN119801036B (zh) * 2025-03-13 2025-05-16 广东省电力线路器材厂有限公司 一种车库体地梁结构

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69319079T2 (de) 1998-11-19
CA2112163A1 (fr) 1994-06-24
EP0603884A3 (en) 1994-08-24
ES2120472T3 (es) 1998-11-01
DE69319079D1 (de) 1998-07-16
JPH06280418A (ja) 1994-10-04
BR9305221A (pt) 1994-07-26
EP0603884A2 (fr) 1994-06-29

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