EP0699772B1 - Use of surface nitrided molybdenum as an extrusion die - Google Patents
Use of surface nitrided molybdenum as an extrusion die Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0699772B1 EP0699772B1 EP95202051A EP95202051A EP0699772B1 EP 0699772 B1 EP0699772 B1 EP 0699772B1 EP 95202051 A EP95202051 A EP 95202051A EP 95202051 A EP95202051 A EP 95202051A EP 0699772 B1 EP0699772 B1 EP 0699772B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- molybdenum
- nitriding
- hardened
- alloys
- dies
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 17
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 title claims description 16
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001347 Stellite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- AHICWQREWHDHHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium;cobalt;iron;manganese;methane;molybdenum;nickel;silicon;tungsten Chemical compound C.[Si].[Cr].[Mn].[Fe].[Co].[Ni].[Mo].[W] AHICWQREWHDHHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001295925 Gegenes Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010310 metallurgical process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005050 thermomechanical fatigue Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/24—Nitriding
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31678—Of metal
Definitions
- the invention relates to the use of special materials according to the main claim for dies and similar components that come into contact with the extruded material for the extrusion of Light and non-ferrous metals.
- DE-AS 17 58 508 describes the use of a Composite material consisting of 20 - 85 vol.% Molybdenum and / or tungsten as a metallic component, the rest Zirconium oxide as an oxide ceramic component as a material for the production of dies for the extrusion of colored and Light metals.
- the extruded material produced with such matrices is characterized by very good surface quality.
- a disadvantage is the not always sufficient warm and Creep resistance and thus the early failure of the Matrices.
- Molybdenum alloys with the composition Mo, 1.2% Hf, 0.1% C or Mo, 0.5% Ti, 0.08% Zr, 0.02 - 0.04% C are used as matrix materials for the extrusion of copper alloys, the applicability had to be limited to copper alloys with a copper content ⁇ 70% by weight.
- the extrusion of differently alloyed light and non-ferrous metals failed due to the low erosion resistance of this material. In particular, undesired reactions of the extruded material with the matrix material occurred.
- JP-A-1 111 833 discloses the use of an alloy with a Mo content of 5-40% by weight for matrices.
- the object of the present invention is to use a Matrix material for the extrusion of colored and Light metals with improved properties.
- the material should meet the requirements mentioned above better overall correspond to the materials previously used, above all also with regard to the previously proven materials Molybdenum base.
- Copper and copper alloys can be compared to the Nickel-base superalloys commonly used hitherto and stellites as materials for the matrices the service life be significantly improved, with a comparative better surface quality of the extrusion material and this even at a significantly higher pressing speed.
- molybdenum alloys known under the name MHC 0.5 to 2% by weight hafnium, 0.04 to 0.2% by weight carbon, balance Molybdenum, or the one known under the name TZM Molybdenum alloy with 0.4 to 0.55% by weight titanium, 0.06 to 0.12 % By weight zirconium, 0.01-0.04% by weight carbon, balance molybdenum proven.
- the surface nitriding of the matrices has become Gas nitriding, plasma nitriding or nitrogen ion nitriding proven.
- Hot-work steel was able to increase the average tool life by one Factor 1.6 with an average 1.5 times higher Extrusion speed can be increased. Furthermore showed the extruded material that with the invention Die inserts were made with a smoother surface than that made with hot-work steel dies has been.
- Matrix inserts made of an MHC alloy were as in Example 1 prepared and then at 900 ° C for 6 hours Ammonia nitrided.
- the mean nitride layer thickness was 5 ⁇ m, the micro hardness 1810 HV 0.001.
- profiles made of low-oxygen copper were extruded. in the Compared to matrices commonly used so far Nickel-based superalloys were able to reduce the average service life a factor of 1.9 for a 1.2 times higher Press speed can be increased. This also showed here Extruded material has a smoother surface than that of the dies made of nickel-based superalloy.
- MHC alloy matrices were made as in Example 1 manufactured and nitrided. With the so produced Die inserts were made of Ms63 alloy extruded. Compared to usual so far Stellite matrices used could be the middle one Tool life by a factor of 2.8 and approximately 1.2 times higher pressing speed can be increased. Also in this Case, the extrusion showed a smoother surface than for the matrices made of stellite.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft die Verwendung spezieller Werkstoffe gemäß dem Hauptanspruch für Matrizen und ähnliche Bauteile, die mit dem Strangpressgut in Berührung kommen zum Strangpressen von Leicht- und Buntmetallen.The invention relates to the use of special materials according to the main claim for dies and similar components that come into contact with the extruded material for the extrusion of Light and non-ferrous metals.
Die Güte von Matrizenwerkstoffen für derartige Anwendungen wird an folgenden wesentlichen Forderungen gemessen:
- hohe Maßhaltigkeit, d.h. hohe Fließgrenze und Kriechfestigkeit bei Matrizeneinsatztemperatur
- geringe Anfälligkeit gegen thermomechanische Ermüdung bzw. Ausbildung von Rissen (vorteilhafte Vorbedingung hierfür ist eine hohe Werkstoffwärmeleitfähigkeit)
- hohe Oberflächengüte bzw. geringe Oberflächenrauhigkeit des Strangpreßgutes
- Verwendbarkeit für hohe Preßgeschwindigkeiten
- ausreichende Kaltduktilität
- hohe Erosions-/Korrosions-Beständigkeit.
- high dimensional accuracy, ie high yield point and creep resistance at die temperature
- low susceptibility to thermomechanical fatigue or formation of cracks (advantageous precondition for this is a high material thermal conductivity)
- high surface quality or low surface roughness of the extruded material
- Applicability for high press speeds
- sufficient cold ductility
- high erosion / corrosion resistance.
Für derartige Anwendungen wurden bisher als
Matrizenwerkstoffe hauptsächlich Warmarbeitsstähle,
Nickelbasis-Superlegierungen und Stellite verwendet. Diese
Werkstoffe weisen nur vergleichsweise geringe
Wärmeleitfähigkeit auf und sind daher anfällig für
thermomechanisch induzierte Bruchrisse. Die Oberflächengüte
des Strangpreßgutes beim Einsatz derartiger Matrizen ist
stark verbesserungsbedürftig im Vergleich etwa zur
Oberflächenqualität, hergestellt mittels keramischer
Matrizen.
Doch die bekannten Nachteile des Keramikwerkstoffes,
besonders die geringe Duktilität, insbesondere
Kaltduktilität, engen auch das Anwendungsfeld für
Keramikmatrizen stark ein.For such applications, mainly hot-work steels, nickel-based super alloys and stellites have been used as matrix materials. These materials have only comparatively low thermal conductivity and are therefore susceptible to thermomechanically induced cracking. The surface quality of the extruded material when using such matrices is in need of improvement compared to the surface quality, for example, produced by means of ceramic matrices.
However, the known disadvantages of the ceramic material, especially the low ductility, in particular cold ductility, also severely narrow the field of application for ceramic matrices.
Die DE-AS 17 58 508 beschreibt die Verwendung eines Verbundwerkstoffes, bestehend aus 20 - 85 Vol.% Molybdän und/oder Wolfram als metallische Komponente, Rest Zirkoniumoxid als oxidkeramische Komponente als Werkstoff für die Herstellung von Matrizen für das Strangpressen von Bunt- und Leichtmetallen.DE-AS 17 58 508 describes the use of a Composite material consisting of 20 - 85 vol.% Molybdenum and / or tungsten as a metallic component, the rest Zirconium oxide as an oxide ceramic component as a material for the production of dies for the extrusion of colored and Light metals.
Das mit derartigen Matrizen hergestellte Strangpreßgut zeichnet sich durch sehr gute Oberflächenqualität aus. Nachteilig ist die nicht immer ausreichende Warm- und Kriechfestigkeit und damit der frühzeitige Ausfall der Matrizen.The extruded material produced with such matrices is characterized by very good surface quality. A disadvantage is the not always sufficient warm and Creep resistance and thus the early failure of the Matrices.
Molybdänlegierungen der Zusammensetzung Mo, 1,2 % Hf, 0,1 % C
oder Mo, 0,5 % Ti, 0,08 % Zr, 0,02 - 0,04 % C werden als
Matrizenwerkstoffe für das Strangpressen von
Kupferlegierungen verwendet, wobei die Anwendbarkeit auf
Kupferlegierungen mit einem Kupfergehalt < 70 Gew.%
beschränkt werden mußte.
Das Strangpressen anders legierter Leicht- und Buntmetalle
scheiterte an der geringen Erosionsbeständigkeit dieses
Werkstoffes. Es kam insbesondere zu unerwünschten Reaktionen
des extrudierten Materials mit dem Matrizenwerkstoff.Molybdenum alloys with the composition Mo, 1.2% Hf, 0.1% C or Mo, 0.5% Ti, 0.08% Zr, 0.02 - 0.04% C are used as matrix materials for the extrusion of copper alloys, the applicability had to be limited to copper alloys with a copper content <70% by weight.
The extrusion of differently alloyed light and non-ferrous metals failed due to the low erosion resistance of this material. In particular, undesired reactions of the extruded material with the matrix material occurred.
JP-A-1 111 833 offenbart die Verwendung einer Legierung mit einem Anteil an Mo von 5-40 Gew.% für Matrizen.JP-A-1 111 833 discloses the use of an alloy with a Mo content of 5-40% by weight for matrices.
Aus der DE-AS 17 58 923 sowie DE-AS 17 58 924 ist
beispielsweise bekannt, die Abriebbeständigkeit von
"Werkstücken" aus Metallegierungen durch oberflächliches
Nitrieren zu verbessern, wobei die Metallegierungen Metalle
dreier Gruppen enthalten, zum einen Niob, Tantal und
Vanadium, zum anderen Molybdän und Wolfram und zum dritten
Titan. Konkret ist in diesen Vorveröffentlichungen die
Anwendung derartiger "Werkstücke" als Werkzeuge, insbesondere
Schneidwerkzeuge genannt und erprobt worden. Unter der
Vielzahl der dort explizit genannten Werkstoffe befinden sich
auch einige molybdänhaltige Werkstoffe mit einem
Molybdängehalt von max. 60 Gew.%, bevorzugt unter 45 Gew.%
Molybdänanteil.
Gemäß Patentbeschreibung erhalten derartige Werkstoffe durch
das Oberflächennitrieren "bestimmte mechanische
Eigenschaften, insbesondere Verschleißfestigkeit", die bei
Schneidversuchen von Schneidwerkzeugen aus derartigen
Werkstoffen zum Tragen kommen. From DE-AS 17 58 923 and DE-AS 17 58 924 it is known, for example, to improve the abrasion resistance of "workpieces" made of metal alloys by superficial nitriding, the metal alloys containing metals from three groups, on the one hand niobium, tantalum and vanadium, for other molybdenum and tungsten and the third titanium. Specifically, the use of such "workpieces" as tools, in particular cutting tools, has been mentioned and tested in these prior publications. Among the large number of materials explicitly mentioned there are also some molybdenum-containing materials with a molybdenum content of max. 60% by weight, preferably below 45% by weight of molybdenum.
According to the patent description, such materials are given "certain mechanical properties, in particular wear resistance" by surface nitriding, which come into play when trying to cut cutting tools made of such materials.
Strangpreßmatrizen mit gegenüber Schneidwerkzeugen sehr unterschiedlichen Qualitätsanforderungen sind dort nicht erwähnt.Extrusion dies with compared to cutting tools there are no different quality requirements mentioned.
Ausgehend von der allgemeinen technischen Bedeutung des Oberflächennitrierens zur Änderung der Oberflächeneigenschaften von metallischen Werkstoffen ist in jüngerer Zeit in einer Arbeit von H.P. Martinz in den "Proceedings zum 13. Internationalen PLANSEE Seminar 1993", Vol. I, Seiten 632ff, das Nitrieren von Molybdän-Werkstoffen in größerer Systematik beschrieben worden. Die Arbeit belegt, daß das Nitrieren von Molybdän-Werkstoffen, anders als etwa das von Eisenwerkstoffen, eine Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Nitrierreaktionen, aber auch gegenläufiger Reaktionen mit einschließt, je nach den im Detail gegebenen Verfahrensbedingungen. Die durch das Nitrieren verursachten Eigenschaftsänderungen in Molybdän-Legierungen sind auch durch die genannte Arbeit nicht wesentlich erhellt worden. Sie beschränken sich dort im wesentlichen auf die Feststellung, Nitridschichten erhöhen die Oxidationsbeständigkeit von Molybdän bei Temperaturen über 640°C nicht.Based on the general technical importance of Surface nitriding to change the Surface properties of metallic materials is in more recently in a work by H.P. Martinz in the "Proceedings for the 13th International PLANSEE Seminar 1993", Vol. I, pages 632ff, the nitriding of molybdenum materials have been described in a larger system. The work proves that the nitriding of molybdenum materials, unlike about that of ferrous materials, a multitude of different ones Nitriding reactions, but also opposite reactions with includes, depending on the details given Procedural conditions. Those caused by nitriding Property changes in molybdenum alloys are also was not significantly illuminated by the work mentioned. They are essentially limited to that Finding nitride layers increase the Oxidation resistance of molybdenum at temperatures above 640 ° C does not.
Aufgabe vorliegender Erfindung ist die Verwendung eines Matrizenwerkstoffes für das Strangpressen von Bunt- und Leichtmetallen mit verbesserten Eigenschaften. Der Werkstoff soll den eingangs genannten Anforderungen in Summe besser entsprechen als die bisher verwendeten Werkstoffe, vor allem auch im Hinblick auf die bisher bewährten Werkstoffe auf Molybdänbasis.The object of the present invention is to use a Matrix material for the extrusion of colored and Light metals with improved properties. The material should meet the requirements mentioned above better overall correspond to the materials previously used, above all also with regard to the previously proven materials Molybdenum base.
Erfindungsgemäß wird dies gemäß Anspruch 1 durch Molybdänlegierungen, die mittels Nitrieren oberflächlich gehärtet wurden, erreicht.According to the invention this is according to claim 1 by molybdenum alloys were hardened on the surface by nitriding.
Durch die Verwendung dieser Werkstoffe für das Strangpressen von Bunt- und Leichtmetallen ist es möglich, sowohl die Standzeit als auch die Preßgeschwindigkeit und Oberflächenqualität des Strangpreßgutes deutlich zu verbesseren. So kann bei Aluminium und Aluminiumlegierungen die Preßgeschwindigkeit im Vergleich zu bekannten, bisher verwendeten Matrizen aus Warmarbeitsstahl um einen deutlichen Betrag, bei zumindest gleichwertiger Oberflächenqualität des Preßgutes und zumindest gleichbleibender vielfach sogar verbesserter Matrizen-Standzeit, erhöht werden.By using these materials for extrusion of non-ferrous and light metals, it is possible to use both Tool life as well as the pressing speed and Surface quality of the extruded material increases significantly improve. So with aluminum and aluminum alloys the pressing speed compared to known, so far used dies made of hot-work steel by a clear Amount, with at least equivalent surface quality of the Pressed goods and at least the same in many cases even improved die life.
Bei Kupfer und Kupferlegierungen kann im Vergleich zu den bisher üblicherweise verwendeten Nickelbasis-Superlegierungen und Stelliten als Werkstoffe für die Matrizen die Standzeit ganz wesentlich verbessert werden, bei einer vergleichsweise besseren Oberflächenqualität des Strangpreßmaterials und dies sogar bei einer deutlich höheren Preßgeschwindigkeit.Copper and copper alloys can be compared to the Nickel-base superalloys commonly used hitherto and stellites as materials for the matrices the service life be significantly improved, with a comparative better surface quality of the extrusion material and this even at a significantly higher pressing speed.
Als besonders geeignete Molybdänlegierungen haben sich die unter der Bezeichnung MHC bekannten Molybdänlegierungen mit 0,5 bis 2 Gew.% Hafnium, 0,04 bis 0,2 Gew.% Kohlenstoff, Rest Molybdän, oder die unter der Bezeichnung TZM bekannte Molybdänlegierung mit 0,4 bis 0,55 Gew.% Titan, 0,06 bis 0,12 Gew.% Zirkon, 0,01 - 0,04 Gew.% Kohlenstoff, Rest Molybdän bewährt.These have proven to be particularly suitable molybdenum alloys Molybdenum alloys known under the name MHC 0.5 to 2% by weight hafnium, 0.04 to 0.2% by weight carbon, balance Molybdenum, or the one known under the name TZM Molybdenum alloy with 0.4 to 0.55% by weight titanium, 0.06 to 0.12 % By weight zirconium, 0.01-0.04% by weight carbon, balance molybdenum proven.
Als besonders vorteilhafte Verfahren zur Oberflächennitrierung der Matrizen haben sich die Gasnitrierung, die Plasmanitrierung oder Stickstoff-Ionennitrierung bewährt.As a particularly advantageous method for The surface nitriding of the matrices has become Gas nitriding, plasma nitriding or nitrogen ion nitriding proven.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von Beispielen näher erläutert: In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail by means of examples explains:
Aus einer MHC-Legierung mit der nominellen Zusammensetzung 1,2 Gew.% Hf, 0,1 Gew.% C, Rest Mo, wurden mittels üblicher pulvermetallurgischer Verfahren Ronden durch Pressen und Sintern hergestellt und anschließend durch Schmieden um 75 % umgeformt. Aus diesen Schmiederohlingen wurden Matrizeneinsätze für ein Rechteckprofil 23,5 mm x 2 mm gefertigt, wobei der Matrizendurchmesser 60 mm und die Matrizenlänge 15 mm betrugen. Die Matrizeneinsätze wurden in einem Schutzgasofen unter Argon auf 850°C erwärmt. Dann wurde Ammoniak eingeleitet und die Matrizeneinsätze während 24 Stunden nitriert. Im Schnitt betrug die Stärke der Nitridschicht 9 µm und die Mikrohärte der Matrizeneinsätze 1950 HV 0,001. Die derart hergestellten Matrizeneinsätze wurden in eine Matrizenfassung aus Warmarbeitsstahl eingelegt und damit Stäbe aus Aluminium stranggepreßt.Made of an MHC alloy with the nominal composition 1.2% by weight of Hf, 0.1% by weight of C, the rest of Mo, were obtained using conventional methods powder metallurgical processes Rounding by pressing and Sintered and then forged by 75% reshaped. From these forged blanks Die inserts for a rectangular profile 23.5 mm x 2 mm manufactured, the die diameter 60 mm and the Die length was 15 mm. The die inserts were made in heated to 850 ° C in an inert gas oven under argon. Then was Ammonia introduced and the die inserts during Nitrided for 24 hours. The average strength was Nitride layer 9 µm and the microhardness of the die inserts 1950 HV 0.001. The die inserts produced in this way were inserted into a die holder made of hot-work steel and thus extruded aluminum bars.
Im Vergleich zu bisher verwendeten Matrizen aus Warmarbeitsstahl konnte die mittlere Standzeit um einen Faktor 1,6 bei einer im Schnitt 1,5-fach höheren Strangpreßgeschwindigkeit erhöht werden. Darüberhinaus zeigte das Strangpreßgut, das mit den erfindungsgemäßen Matrizeneinsätzen hergestellt wurde, eine glattere Oberfläche als jenes, das mit Matrizen aus Warmarbeitsstahl hergestellt wurde.Compared to previously used matrices Hot-work steel was able to increase the average tool life by one Factor 1.6 with an average 1.5 times higher Extrusion speed can be increased. Furthermore showed the extruded material that with the invention Die inserts were made with a smoother surface than that made with hot-work steel dies has been.
Matrizeneinsätze aus einer MHC-Legierung wurden wie nach Beispiel 1 hergestellt und danach bei 900°C 6 Stunden in Ammoniak nitriert. Die mittlere Nitridschichtstärke betrug 5 µm, die Mikrohärte 1810 HV 0,001. Mit den Matrizeneinsätzen wurden Profile aus sauerstoffarmem Kupfer stranggepreßt. Im Vergleich zu bisher üblicherweise verwendeten Matrizen aus Nickelbasis-Superlegierungen konnte die mittlere Standzeit um einen Faktor 1,9 bei einer 1,2-fach höheren Preßgeschwindigkeit erhöht werden. Auch hier zeigte das Strangpreßgut eine glattere Oberfläche als bei den Matrizen aus der Nickelbasis-Superlegierung.Matrix inserts made of an MHC alloy were as in Example 1 prepared and then at 900 ° C for 6 hours Ammonia nitrided. The mean nitride layer thickness was 5 µm, the micro hardness 1810 HV 0.001. With the die inserts profiles made of low-oxygen copper were extruded. in the Compared to matrices commonly used so far Nickel-based superalloys were able to reduce the average service life a factor of 1.9 for a 1.2 times higher Press speed can be increased. This also showed here Extruded material has a smoother surface than that of the dies made of nickel-based superalloy.
Matrizen aus einer MHC-Legierung wurden wie nach Beispiel 1 hergestellt und nitriert. Mit den derart hergestellten Matrizeneinsätzen wurden Profile aus der Legierung Ms63 stranggepreßt. Im Vergleich zu bisher üblicherweise verwendeten Matrizen aus Stellit konnte die mittlere Standzeit um einen Faktor 2,8 bei einer um etwa 1,2-fach höheren Preßgeschwindigkeit erhöht werden. Auch in diesem Fall zeigte das Strangpreßgut eine glattere Oberfläche als bei den Matrizen aus Stellit.MHC alloy matrices were made as in Example 1 manufactured and nitrided. With the so produced Die inserts were made of Ms63 alloy extruded. Compared to usual so far Stellite matrices used could be the middle one Tool life by a factor of 2.8 and approximately 1.2 times higher pressing speed can be increased. Also in this Case, the extrusion showed a smoother surface than for the matrices made of stellite.
Claims (7)
- The use of molybdenum alloys having a molybdenum content of > 97.8 wt.% which have been surface-hardened by means of nitriding, as dies and similar component parts which come into contact with the extruded material, for the extrusion of light metals and nonferrous heavy metals.
- The use of molybdenum alloys which have been surface-hardened by means of nitriding according to claim 1, characterised in that the molybdenum alloy contains from 0.5 to 2 wt.% hafnium, from 0.04 to 0.2 wt.% carbon, the remainder being molybdenum.
- The use of molybdenum alloys which have been surface-hardened by means of nitriding according to claim 1, characterised in that the molybdenum alloy contains from 0.4 to 0.55 wt.% titanium, from 0.06 to 0.12 wt.% zirconium, from 0.01 to 0.04 wt.% carbon, the remainder being molybdenum.
- The use of molybdenum alloys which have been surface-hardened by means of nitriding according to claim 3, characterised in that the molybdenum alloy contains 0.5 wt.% titanium, 0.08 wt.% zirconium, 0.04 wt.% carbon, the remainder being molybdenum.
- The use of molybdenum alloys which have been surface-hardened by means of nitriding according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the dies have been surface-treated by means of gas nitriding.
- The use of molybdenum alloys which have been surface-hardened by means of nitriding according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the dies have been surface-treated by means of plasma nitriding.
- The use of molybdenum alloys which have been surface-hardened by means of nitriding according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the dies have been surface-treated by means of nitrogen-ion nitriding.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT0151194A AT401778B (en) | 1994-08-01 | 1994-08-01 | USE OF MOLYBDENUM ALLOYS |
| AT1511/94 | 1994-08-01 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0699772A2 EP0699772A2 (en) | 1996-03-06 |
| EP0699772A3 EP0699772A3 (en) | 1996-10-16 |
| EP0699772B1 true EP0699772B1 (en) | 1998-12-02 |
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ID=3515287
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP95202051A Expired - Lifetime EP0699772B1 (en) | 1994-08-01 | 1995-07-26 | Use of surface nitrided molybdenum as an extrusion die |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5645944A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0699772B1 (en) |
| AT (2) | AT401778B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59504397D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2125552T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6371261B1 (en) * | 1997-11-06 | 2002-04-16 | Otis Elevator Company | Molybdenum alloy elevator safety brakes |
| JP4307649B2 (en) * | 1999-09-06 | 2009-08-05 | 独立行政法人科学技術振興機構 | High toughness / high strength refractory metal alloy material and method for producing the same |
| AT14986U1 (en) * | 2015-10-05 | 2016-10-15 | Plansee Se | Component of a metalworking machine |
| CN107034404B (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2019-01-22 | 中南大学 | A MoHfTiBC Molybdenum Alloy |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3701655A (en) * | 1970-12-18 | 1972-10-31 | Surface Technology Corp | Columbium base alloy |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1239941A (en) * | 1967-09-05 | 1971-07-21 | Surface Technology Corp | Wear-resistant materials |
| DE1758508C3 (en) * | 1968-06-15 | 1974-01-24 | Wieland-Werke Ag, 7900 Ulm | Use of a composite material for the production of die inserts for dies for the extrusion of non-ferrous metals and alloys |
| US3801381A (en) * | 1968-08-27 | 1974-04-02 | Surface Technology Corp | Composite nitrided articles |
| AT294529B (en) * | 1970-02-02 | 1971-11-25 | Plansee Metallwerk | Extrusion die |
| US3830670A (en) * | 1970-12-18 | 1974-08-20 | Surface Technology Corp | Graded multiphase carburized materials |
| JPS5213500B2 (en) * | 1973-03-23 | 1977-04-14 | ||
| US4026730A (en) * | 1973-01-18 | 1977-05-31 | Surface Technology Corporation | Nitrided materials |
| US3994692A (en) * | 1974-05-29 | 1976-11-30 | Erwin Rudy | Sintered carbonitride tool materials |
| CH630112A5 (en) * | 1977-10-26 | 1982-05-28 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | METHOD FOR APPLYING A LUBRICANT FILM. |
| US4657735A (en) * | 1985-10-02 | 1987-04-14 | Amax Inc. | Mo-Hf-C alloy composition |
| US4717538A (en) * | 1986-11-28 | 1988-01-05 | Gte Products Corporation | Molybdenum-tungsten-titanium-zirconium-carbon alloy system |
| US4799977A (en) * | 1987-09-21 | 1989-01-24 | Fansteel Inc. | Graded multiphase oxycarburized and oxycarbonitrided material systems |
| JPH01111833A (en) * | 1987-10-26 | 1989-04-28 | Toshiba Corp | Wear-resistant alloy |
| SU1560617A1 (en) * | 1988-03-01 | 1990-04-30 | Предприятие П/Я А-1278 | Method of nitriding molybdenum inserts of press-moulds |
-
1994
- 1994-08-01 AT AT0151194A patent/AT401778B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1995
- 1995-07-18 US US08/503,598 patent/US5645944A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-07-26 EP EP95202051A patent/EP0699772B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-07-26 DE DE59504397T patent/DE59504397D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-07-26 AT AT95202051T patent/ATE174071T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-07-26 ES ES95202051T patent/ES2125552T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3701655A (en) * | 1970-12-18 | 1972-10-31 | Surface Technology Corp | Columbium base alloy |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0699772A3 (en) | 1996-10-16 |
| EP0699772A2 (en) | 1996-03-06 |
| US5645944A (en) | 1997-07-08 |
| ATE174071T1 (en) | 1998-12-15 |
| ATA151194A (en) | 1996-04-15 |
| DE59504397D1 (en) | 1999-01-14 |
| ES2125552T3 (en) | 1999-03-01 |
| AT401778B (en) | 1996-11-25 |
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