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EP0681634B1 - Ancre de toit amelioree - Google Patents

Ancre de toit amelioree Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0681634B1
EP0681634B1 EP94905169A EP94905169A EP0681634B1 EP 0681634 B1 EP0681634 B1 EP 0681634B1 EP 94905169 A EP94905169 A EP 94905169A EP 94905169 A EP94905169 A EP 94905169A EP 0681634 B1 EP0681634 B1 EP 0681634B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
roof
anchor
truss
legs
roof anchor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94905169A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0681634A1 (fr
Inventor
Henry Crawford
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Paterson & Son
Original Assignee
Paterson & Son
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Paterson & Son filed Critical Paterson & Son
Publication of EP0681634A1 publication Critical patent/EP0681634A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0681634B1 publication Critical patent/EP0681634B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/12—Devices or arrangements allowing walking on the roof or in the gutter
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/32—Safety or protective measures for persons during the construction of buildings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/32—Safety or protective measures for persons during the construction of buildings
    • E04G21/3261—Safety-nets; Safety mattresses; Arrangements on buildings for connecting safety-lines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/32—Safety or protective measures for persons during the construction of buildings
    • E04G21/3261—Safety-nets; Safety mattresses; Arrangements on buildings for connecting safety-lines
    • E04G21/3276—Arrangements on buildings for connecting safety-lines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G5/00—Component parts or accessories for scaffolds
    • E04G5/04—Means for fastening, supporting, or bracing scaffolds on or against building constructions
    • E04G5/041—Means for fastening, supporting, or bracing scaffolds on or against building constructions for fastening scaffolds on roof frameworks or on roofs

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improved roof anchor and in particular, but not exclusively, to an anchoring device for use on sloping roofs and to which a lanyard with a safety harness or anchorage line with safety harness or other similar device may be secured, or from which a roof ladder may be suspended.
  • roof anchoring devices which are secured to various elements of a roof such as a truss or the ridge so that an anchoring element, usually an eyebolt, projects through the roof surface and to which a safety harness or the like may be secured.
  • an anchoring element usually an eyebolt
  • Examples of such devices are disclosed in GB-A-2071196, GB-A-2219826 and GB-A-2251020.
  • the roof anchor will typically have a portion which extends through a lead slate-piece, such as described and illustrated in GB-A-2251020. It is important that the seal between the roof anchor and slate-piece is watertight and also that the formation of the seal does not damage the slate-piece.
  • the arrangement disclosed in GB-A-2251020 provides a seal by providing an arrangement of concave washers on either side of the slate-piece around the aperture in the slate-piece through which the eyebolt extends.
  • the roof anchor assembly disclosed in GB-A-2251020 comprises a relatively large number of parts requiring machining or forming.
  • the anchorage clamp disclosed in GB A 2071196 is of simpler construction and is adapted for location on the ridge of a roof. However, the clamp does not include any provisions for forming a seal with a slate-piece or other roof covering, to prevent the ingress of moisture around the clamp.
  • FR-A-2 166 691 discloses a roof anchor which has a roof penetrating member with an attachment point and legs coupled to the attachment point for passing through a deformable member and down the sides of a truss.
  • the legs also pass through upper and lower plates for engaging respective upper and lower faces of the truss for securing the roof anchor thereto.
  • a roof anchor for use on a roof having a plurality of trusses with an external roof covering including a deformable member thereon, the roof anchor comprising:
  • the roof penetrating member is generally U-shaped.
  • the attachment point provided by the member may be suitable for securing a lanyard with a safety harness or anchorage line with safety harness, or may be in the form of a ladder hook.
  • the attachment point may be formed of an eyelet disposed 90° to the legs of the U.
  • the upper member is in the form of a plate.
  • the lower member may also be in the form of a plate.
  • the first and second surfaces are arranged so that the first and second surfaces engage the respective outer and inner sides of the deformable member so as to raise part of the deformable member near to the centre of said respective first and second surfaces above the part of the deformable member at the periphery of said first and second surfaces.
  • the spacing between the second surfaces defined by the upper member and a lower face of the upper member for engaging an upper face of the truss or the upper surface of the roof sarking, where provided, is such that the portion of the deformable member extending beyond the second surfaces may be substantially planar. This permits the roof anchor to be fitted without creating a depression, where water will lie, in the deformable member.
  • the upper member may be formed of a single part, or may be formed of a number of separable parts.
  • the upper member may comprise a spacer member for engaging the truss or sarking and a plate which carries the second surfaces.
  • the spacer member is formed of a block of preservative treated wood and the plate is formed of steel.
  • the upper member conveniently comprises a metal plate for engaging the truss or sarking, the second surfaces being provided on the upper ends of bosses welded to the plate.
  • the bosses should be of sufficient strength or suitably supported or reinforced to withstand forces of the magnitude which would be applied to the attachment point at the upper end of the roof penetrating member and thus to the bosses in the event of an operator attached to the anchor falling from the roof without significant deformation to the roof penetrating member or the bosses.
  • the lower ends of the legs of the roof penetrating member are threaded so that nuts may be used to secure the lower member thereto and clamp the anchor to the truss.
  • the first surfaces may be provided by washers or the like of suitable configuration mounted to the legs of the roof penetrating member.
  • the second surfaces may be provided by washers secured to the upper surface of the upper member.
  • FIGS 1, 2 and 3 of the drawings illustrate a roof anchor 10 in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention clamped to a roof truss 12.
  • the anchor 10 is shown on a sloping portion of roof.
  • the roof is of conventional construction with sarking 14 provided over the roof trusses 12 and counter battens and tile battens 16, 18 being provided to mount tiles 20 on the roof.
  • sarking 14 provided over the roof trusses 12 and counter battens and tile battens 16, 18 being provided to mount tiles 20 on the roof.
  • a tile has been removed and replaced with a lead slate-piece 22.
  • the roof anchor 10 includes a stainless steel U-bolt 24, the upper end of which extends above the slate-piece 22 to provide an attachment point for a lanyard or safety harness.
  • the legs of the U-bolt 26, 28 extend through the slate-piece and sarking 22, 14 and down the sides of the truss 12.
  • the lower ends of the legs 26, 28 are threaded and extend through apertures provided in a lower plate 32.
  • Nuts and washers 34 are provided on the threaded ends of the legs 26, 28 to clamp the plate 32 against a lower surface of the truss 12.
  • an upper plate member Located on the upper surface of the sarking 14 and below the slate-piece 22 is an upper plate member in the form of a timber packing piece 36 and a metal plate 38.
  • the packing piece and plate are nailed to the sarking and truss 14,12, the nail-heads 39 being seen in Figure 1.
  • Both the packing piece and plate 36, 38 are apertured to accommodate the legs 26,28.
  • Welded to the upper surface of the plate 36 are two convex surfaced washers 40,42 which engage the lower surface of the slate-piece 22.
  • Complementary washers 44,46 are welded on the legs 26,28, the arrangement being such that the portions of the slate-piece around the apertures 45 (only one shown in Figure 2) which accommodate the legs 26,28 are clamped between the respective washers 40,44 and 42,46.
  • the complementary convex and concave forms of each pair of washers raise the portion of the slate-piece 22 near to the respective aperture 45 above the part of the slate-piece at the periphery of the washers, and this arrangement assists in preventing the ingress of moisture through the apertures 45.
  • the spacing of the washers 40,42 from the surface of the sarking 14 is controlled by the thickness of the packing piece and plate 36,38, such that the slate-piece 22 is substantially planar and thus fitting of the anchor does not create a water collecting depression around the apertures 45.
  • the thickness of the packing piece 36 may be varied to suit particular applications.
  • the relative dimensions of the U-bolt 24, plates 32, 38 and the packing piece 36 are selected according to the material used and to withstand forces of the magnitude which would be applied to the upper end of the U-bolt 24 in the event of an operator attached to the anchor falling from the roof without significant deformation. In the event of such a fall, the force applied to the upper end of the U-bolt 24 will be resisted by the upper plate 38 acting on the packing piece 36, which in turn acts on the sarking 14 and the upper face of the truss 12, and the lower plate 32 acting on the lower face of the truss 12.
  • the location of the upper plate 38, spaced from the sarking and truss 14, 12, also minimises the length of U-bolt which is unsupported and thus reduces the bending moments, and subsequent possibility of deformation, to which the U-bolt is subject.
  • the U-bolt 24, and washers 44, 46 are formed of stainless steel.
  • the upper plate 38 and washer 40, 42 are conveniently of galvanised steel, and the packing piece 36 is formed of pressure or vacuum treated timber.
  • the lower plate 32 will not be exposed to the same degree of weathering as the other parts of the anchor it may be formed of a less corrosion resistant steel.
  • the above described roof anchor 10 may be fabricated from a minimal number of parts in a very short time, the only significant machining step involved being the formation of the threads on the U-bolt 24. Also, fitting the roof anchor 10 is a very straightforward procedure, and the fitted anchor presents a very low profile and thus is not visually intrusive. Further, such a roof anchor 10 may be constructed to conform with appropriate local standards, such as the British and European Standards, without requiring the use of unduly heavy sections or components.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a roof anchor 50 in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Many of the features of the roof anchor 50 are similar to the features of the roof anchor 10 described above with reference to Figures 1, 2 and 3 and the same reference numerals are used to indicate these similar features.
  • the difference between the two embodiments lies in the upper plate member 52 which, in this roof anchor 50, is in the form of a single, fabricated metal part.
  • the plate 52 comprises a base plate 54 which lies on the sarking 14.
  • Welded to the plate 54 are two bosses 56, 58 which provide mounting for the washers 40, 42.
  • a stiffening spine 60 which increases the modulus of the plate 54.
  • a flange 62 is welded to the upper surface of the spine 60 and also to the bosses 56, 58 to assist the bosses in resisting the bending moments which would be applied to the bosses in the event of forces being applied to the attachment point by an operator falling while secured to the anchor 50.
  • FIG. 7 of the drawings illustrates a roof anchor in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the anchor is very similar to the first described embodiment, and the same reference numerals are used for similar parts.
  • the U-bolt 124 is considerably longer and is bent above the slate-piece 22 to form a hook 126, suitable for mounting a ladder on the roof.
  • the U-bolt 125 has a cross-bar 128 extending between the legs of the bolt, to provide a harness anchor. In the event of a fall, the cross-bar 128 spreads the load to both legs of the U-bolt 124, rather then having the shock load concentrated on one leg. If the anchor is to be used solely as a ladder hook, the cross-bar 128 may be omitted.
  • Fig. 8 of the drawings depicts a roof anchor in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present invention and in which like numerals refer to like parts but with the prefer '2'.
  • This is substantially identical to that shown in Fig. 1 except that the upper end of the stainless steel U-bolt 224 is sufficiently long so that it can be twisted through 90° as shown to create an eye which has a narrower profile than the other embodiments.
  • This narrow profile is also aesthetic in that it minimises distraction from the roof which is particularly advantageous for use in conservation areas.
  • This anchor is readily manufactured by cutting a rod of predetermined length and threading the ends with 3/4" (7.5-10cm) of threads. The threaded rod is then bent to form a U. The legs of the U are then fixed in a mandrel and a former of suitable diameter is inserted at the base of the U which is then twisted through 180°.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)

Abstract

Une ancre de toit améliorée (10) comprend un boulon en U (24) dont l'extrémité supérieure s'étend au-dessus d'une pièce en ardoise (22) afin d'obtenir un point de fixation destiné à un harnais de sécurité. Les pieds (26, 28) du boulon en U (24) traversent la pièce en ardoise et le bitume et descendent sur les côtés du support en treillis (12). Les extrémités inférieures des pieds sont filetées et traversent des ouvertures sur une plaque inférieure (32) pour recevoir les écrous et les rondelles (34) et serrer la plaque (32) contre le support en treillis (12). Un élément de plaque supérieur (36, 52) est situé sur la surface supérieure du bitume et sous la pièce en ardoise (22). Des rondelles convexes (40, 42) sont fixées à la surface supérieure de l'élément de plaque (36, 52) pour venir en contact avec la surface inférieure de la pièce en ardoise (22), et des rondelles complémentaires (44, 46) sont soudées sur les pieds (26, 28). Des parties de la pièce en ardoise (22) se trouvant autour des ouvertures (45) sont serrées entre des paires de rondelles (40, 44) et (42, 46). En cas de chute, une force appliquée au boulon en U via un harnais est maintenue par l'élément de plaque supérieur (36, 52) agissant sur la face supérieure du support en treillis (12) et la plaque inférieure (32) agissant sur la face inférieure du support en treillis (12), répartissant la force le long du support en treillis de façon à minimiser le cintrage. Le point de fixation peut incorporer un crochet d'échelle. Des modes de réalisation de l'invention sont décrits.

Claims (15)

  1. Ancre de toit (10) pour utilisation en relation avec un toit qui possède une pluralité de supports en treillis (12) et est garni d'un revêtement de toit extérieur comportant dans celui-ci une pièce déformable (22), l'ancre de toit comprenant:
    un élément pénétrant dans le toit et possédant un point de fixation (24) et des pieds (26, 28) accouplés au point de fixation pour passer à travers la pièce déformable et s'étendre le long des côtés d'un support en treillis (12), chaque pied de l'élément pénétrant dans le toit comportant une première surface (44, 46) pour entrer en contact avec une surface supérieure de la pièce déformable (22) autour d'une ouverture formée dans celle-ci pour recevoir le pied;
    un élément supérieur (36, 38) prévu pour être situé en dessous de la pièce déformable (22) et pour transférer de la force appliquée au point de fixation (24) de l'élément pénétrant dans le toit vers une surface supérieure du support en treillis (12), l'élément supérieur (36, 38) délimitant des ouvertures (45) pour recevoir les pieds de l'élément pénétrant dans le toit; et
    un élément inférieur (32) prévu pour entrer en contact avec une surface inférieure du support en treillis (12) et adapté pour entrer en prise avec et retenir les extrémités inférieures des pieds (26, 28) de l'élément pénétrant dans le toit, caractérisée en ce que:
    l'élément supérieur (36, 38) fournit le support de montage pour des deuxièmes surfaces respectives (40, 42) destinées à entrer en contact avec la surface inférieure de la pièce déformable (22); et
    l'élément pénétrant dans le toit (24) ainsi que l'élément supérieur (36, 38) sont adaptés pour fournir un joint entre les premières (44, 46) et les deuxièmes (40, 42) surfaces autour des ouvertures (45) formées dans la pièce déformable (22).
  2. Ancre de toit telle que revendiquée dans la revendication 1, dans laquelle l'élément pénétrant dans le toit est de manière générale façonnée en forme d'U.
  3. Ancre de toit telle que revendiquée dans la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, dans laquelle le point de fixation (24) est fourni par la courbure en forme d'U de l'élément pénétrant dans le toit (24).
  4. Ancre de toit telle que revendiquée dans l'une quelconque revendication précédente, dans laquelle le point de fixation (24) inclut un crochet d'échelle (126).
  5. Ancre de toit telle que revendiquée dans les revendications 2 à 4, dans laquelle le point de fixation (24) est fourni par un oeillet (224) formé en retordant la courbure en forme d'U de l'élément pénétrant dans le toit de 90° autour d'un axe substantiellement parallèle à un pied (226) de l'U.
  6. Ancre de toit telle que revendiquée dans l'une quelconque revendication précédente, dans laquelle l'élément supérieur (36, 38) se présente sous la forme d'une plaque.
  7. Ancre de toit telle que revendiquée dans l'une quelconque revendication précédente, dans laquelle l'élément inférieur (32) se présente sous la forme d'une plaque.
  8. Ancre de toit telle que revendiquée dans l'une quelconque revendication précédente, dans laquelle les premières (44, 46) et deuxièmes (40, 42) surfaces sont arrangées de telle façon que les premières et deuxièmes surfaces sont en contact avec les côtés extérieurs et intérieurs respectifs de la pièce déformable (22) afin de relever une partie de la pièce déformable à proximité du centre desdites premières et deuxièmes surfaces respectives au-dessus de la partie de la pièce déformable à la périphérie desdites premières et deuxièmes surfaces.
  9. Ancre de toit telle que revendiquée dans l'une quelconque revendication précédente, dans laquelle l'élément supérieur est formé par une seule partie (52).
  10. Ancre de toit telle que revendiquée dans l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5 et 7 ou 8, dans laquelle l'élément supérieur (36, 38) comprend une pièce d'écartement (36) pour entrer en contact avec le support en treillis ou les planches de comble et une plaque (38) qui porte les deuxièmes surfaces.
  11. Ancre de toit telle que revendiquée dans la revendication 10, dans laquelle la pièce d'écartement (36) est formée par un bloc de bois et la plaque (38) est formée par de l'acier.
  12. Ancre de toit telle que revendiquée dans l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 11, dans laquelle l'élément supérieur comprend une plaque métallique (38) pour entrer en contact avec le support en treillis ou les planches de comble, les deuxièmes surfaces étant prévues sur les extrémités supérieures des moyeux (56, 58) soudés sur la plaque.
  13. Ancre de toit telle que revendiquée dans l'une quelconque revendication précédente, dans laquelle les extrémités inférieures des pieds (26, 28) de l'élément pénétrant dans le toit sont filetées de sorte que des écrous (34) peuvent être utilisés pour fixer l'élément inférieur (32) contre ledit élément et pour fixer l'ancre par serrage au support en treillis.
  14. Ancre de toit telle que revendiquée dans l'une quelconque revendication précédente, dans laquelle les premières surfaces sont fournies par des rondelles (40, 42) ou des moyens analogues d'une configuration appropriée montés sur les pieds (26, 28) de l'élément pénétrant dans le toit.
  15. Ancre de toit telle que revendiquée dans l'une quelconque revendication précédente, dans laquelle les deuxièmes surfaces sont fournies par des rondelles (44, 46) fixées sur la surface supérieure de l'élément supérieur (38).
EP94905169A 1993-01-26 1994-01-26 Ancre de toit amelioree Expired - Lifetime EP0681634B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB939301504A GB9301504D0 (en) 1993-01-26 1993-01-26 Improved roof anchor
GB9301504 1993-01-26
PCT/GB1994/000149 WO1994017261A1 (fr) 1993-01-26 1994-01-26 Ancre de toit amelioree

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0681634A1 EP0681634A1 (fr) 1995-11-15
EP0681634B1 true EP0681634B1 (fr) 1997-06-04

Family

ID=10729338

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94905169A Expired - Lifetime EP0681634B1 (fr) 1993-01-26 1994-01-26 Ancre de toit amelioree

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0681634B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU5888994A (fr)
DE (1) DE69403629T2 (fr)
GB (1) GB9301504D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1994017261A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AUPP246898A0 (en) * 1998-03-20 1998-04-09 Gutter-Vac Bundaberg Pty Ltd A roof safety system
DE20114575U1 (de) 2001-09-04 2001-11-22 Essmann GmbH & Co. KG, 32107 Bad Salzuflen Lichtband
NL2000482C2 (nl) * 2007-02-08 2008-08-11 Daktari V O F Op een dak aan te brengen veiligheidskoppeling.
US9878187B2 (en) 2015-12-04 2018-01-30 Rooftop Anchor, Inc. Joist anchor
FR3055644B1 (fr) * 2016-09-06 2018-09-14 Etablissements Frenehard Et Michaux Dispositif de fixation d'un organe d'ancrage de securite sur une couverture d'une toiture d'un batiment

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2166691A5 (fr) * 1972-01-04 1973-08-17 Creusot Loire
DE3441398C2 (de) * 1984-11-13 1987-02-26 Erhard 6900 Heidelberg Lamberti Vorrichtung zum Befestigen einer Leiter oder dergleichen auf einem Dach
US4744187A (en) * 1987-01-27 1988-05-17 The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company Mechanical roof fastener
US5011106A (en) * 1990-03-27 1991-04-30 Stanford Cody Limited Roof safety anchor
GB2251020B (en) * 1990-12-08 1995-07-12 Henry Crawford Improved roof anchor
GB2259527B (en) * 1991-09-14 1995-06-21 Henry Crawford Roof penetrating device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9301504D0 (en) 1993-03-17
EP0681634A1 (fr) 1995-11-15
AU5888994A (en) 1994-08-15
DE69403629D1 (de) 1997-07-10
WO1994017261A1 (fr) 1994-08-04
DE69403629T2 (de) 1998-01-22

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