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EP0679198A1 - METHOD FOR PRODUCING Zn-Al-Cu ALLOY ARTICLES BY CENTRIFUGAL OR DIE CASTING. - Google Patents

METHOD FOR PRODUCING Zn-Al-Cu ALLOY ARTICLES BY CENTRIFUGAL OR DIE CASTING.

Info

Publication number
EP0679198A1
EP0679198A1 EP94904653A EP94904653A EP0679198A1 EP 0679198 A1 EP0679198 A1 EP 0679198A1 EP 94904653 A EP94904653 A EP 94904653A EP 94904653 A EP94904653 A EP 94904653A EP 0679198 A1 EP0679198 A1 EP 0679198A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
alloy
casting
zinc
centrifugal
zamak
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94904653A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0679198B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Michel Lauradoux
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Umicore NV SA
Original Assignee
Union Miniere NV SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Union Miniere NV SA filed Critical Union Miniere NV SA
Publication of EP0679198A1 publication Critical patent/EP0679198A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0679198B1 publication Critical patent/EP0679198B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D21/00—Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure; Selection of compositions therefor
    • B22D21/02—Casting exceedingly oxidisable non-ferrous metals, e.g. in inert atmosphere
    • B22D21/027—Casting heavy metals with low melting point, i.e. less than 1000 degrees C, e.g. Zn 419 degrees C, Pb 327 degrees C, Sn 232 degrees C
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
    • C22C18/04—Alloys based on zinc with aluminium as the next major constituent

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for manufacturing articles of a zinc-based alloy containing aluminum and copper by centrifugal casting in a rubber mold or by pressure casting in a metal mold.
  • a method of manufacturing articles of a zinc-based alloy containing aluminum and copper by centrifugal casting of this alloy in a rubber mold is described in the article "Rubber-mold spin-casting for low-cost prototype or production parts "by LS Schaer, Machine Design, January 20, 1977, p. 113-117.
  • This known process uses either an alloy with 3.5% Al and 3.5% Cu, Zn residue, called “Formalloy”, or an alloy with 11% Al and 1% Cu, Zn residue, called “ILZRO-12” (all the percentages given in the present patent application are% by weight).
  • Formalloy and ILZRO-12 have a solidification interval of 380-390 ° C and 380-432 ° C respectively and they are poured respectively at 393-427 ° C and 440-468 ° C.
  • Formalloy has the drawback that its solidification starts with the formation of dendrites or basalts: these are liable to impede the circulation of the casting in the molding cavity and therefore risk causing casting defects.
  • ILZRO-12 for its part requires a casting temperature of at least 440 ° C, which induces an accelerated deterioration of the silicone rubber of which the mold is made.
  • Zamak alloys Center Technique du Zinc, PUBLIMAC, 92600, Asgnacs, November 1972.
  • This known process uses an alloy with 3.9.-4.3% Al, 0.75-1.25% Cu and 0.03-0.06% Mg, Zn residue, called "Zamak 5".
  • Zamak 5 presents, like Formalloy, a casting structure with a dendritic or basaltic tendency.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method as defined above, which makes it possible to avoid the drawbacks of the known methods.
  • the alloy contains 6.0-8.0% Al and 3.2-4.3% Cu, the rest being zinc, for example electrolytic zinc, and the impurities which are inevitably present in the aforementioned metals.
  • the Cu content may not be less than 3.2% and greater than
  • An Al content of less than 6.0% also produces a dendritic or basaltic structure, while an Al content of more than
  • the alloy has excellent fluidity.
  • an alloy with 6.7-7.3% of Al and 3.6-4.0% of Cu is used, and preferably an alloy having the eutectic composition: 7.0% of Al; 3.8% Cu and 89.2% Zn.
  • the principle of this test is to "sink" by suction a liquid metal in a horizontal tube under a constant vacuum and a constant temperature, then to measure the length of sucked metal. This length is a measure for the flowability, that is, the fluidity, of the metal.
  • Be alloy the "Superloy” alloy to which 0.005% of Be has been added and which will be called hereinafter "Be alloy"
  • Zamak 3,387 381 4.04 0.001 0.043 0.0020 0.0021 0.0009 _
  • Zamak 5 260 It is remarkable that the fluidity of Superloy is 43% higher than that of Zamak 2, which is itself the most fluid of Zamaks, but it is even more remarkable than the addition of only 0.005% of Be at Superloy is already reducing fluidity by 8%.
  • the casting is carried out at a temperature which exceeds as little as possible, for example 5-30 ° C, the liquidus temperature of the alloy or the melting point in the case of the eutectic composition.
  • the method of the invention is particularly useful for the manufacture of miniature cars by die casting.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
  • Adornments (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A method for casting an alloy containing 6.0-8.0 % Al and 3.2-4.3 % Cu with the remainder being zinc. The alloy has a fine-grained cast structure and may be cast below 440 DEG C. The method may be used, inter alia, for die casting miniature cars.

Description

PROCEDE DE FABRICATION D'ARTICLES PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING ARTICLES
EN ALLIAGE ZN-AL-CU PARZN-AL-CU ALLOY BY
COULÉE CENTRIFUGE OU COULÉE ! SOUS PRESSIONCENTRIFUGAL CASTING OR CASTING! UNDER PRESSURE
La présente invention se rapporte à un procédé de fabrication d'articles en un alliage à base de zinc contenant de l'aluminium et du cuivre par coulée centrifuge dans un moule en caoutchouc ou par coulée sous pression dans un moule métallique.The present invention relates to a process for manufacturing articles of a zinc-based alloy containing aluminum and copper by centrifugal casting in a rubber mold or by pressure casting in a metal mold.
Un procédé de fabrication d'articles en un alliage à base de zinc contenant de l'aluminium et du cuivre par coulée centrifuge de cet alliage dans un moule en caoutchouc est décrit dans l'article "Rubber-mold spin-casting for low-cost prototype or production parts" par L.S. Schaer, Machine Design, 20 janvier 1977, p. 113- 117. Ce procédé connu fait usage soit d'un alliage à 3,5% d'Al et 3,5% de Cu, reste Zn, appelé "Formalloy", soit d'un alliage à 11% d'Al et 1% de Cu, reste Zn, appelé "ILZRO-12" (tous les pourcentages donnés dans la présente demande de brevet sont des % en poids). Formalloy et ILZRO-12 présentent un intervalle de solidification de respectivement 380-390°C et 380-432°C et ils sont coulés respectivment à 393-427°C et 440-468°C.A method of manufacturing articles of a zinc-based alloy containing aluminum and copper by centrifugal casting of this alloy in a rubber mold is described in the article "Rubber-mold spin-casting for low-cost prototype or production parts "by LS Schaer, Machine Design, January 20, 1977, p. 113-117. This known process uses either an alloy with 3.5% Al and 3.5% Cu, Zn residue, called "Formalloy", or an alloy with 11% Al and 1% Cu, Zn residue, called "ILZRO-12" (all the percentages given in the present patent application are% by weight). Formalloy and ILZRO-12 have a solidification interval of 380-390 ° C and 380-432 ° C respectively and they are poured respectively at 393-427 ° C and 440-468 ° C.
Formalloy présente l'inconvénient que sa solidification démarre par la formation de dendrites ou basaltes : ceux-ci sont susceptibles d'entraver la circulation de la coulée dans la cavité de moulage et risquent donc de provoquer des défauts de coulée.Formalloy has the drawback that its solidification starts with the formation of dendrites or basalts: these are liable to impede the circulation of the casting in the molding cavity and therefore risk causing casting defects.
ILZRO-12 de son côté requiert une température de coulée d'au moins 440°C, ce qui induit une détérioration accélérée du caoutchouc de silicone dont le moule est fait.ILZRO-12 for its part requires a casting temperature of at least 440 ° C, which induces an accelerated deterioration of the silicone rubber of which the mold is made.
Un procédé de fabrication d'articles en un alliage à base de zinc contenant de l'aluminium et du cuivre par coulée sous pression de cet alliage dans un moule métallique est décrit dans le document "Les alliages de zinc de fonderie. Un facteur de progrès : les alliages Zamak", Centre Technique du Zinc, PUBLIMAC, 92600, Asnières, Novembre 1972. Ce procédé connu utilise un alliage à 3,9.-4,3% d'Al, 0,75-1,25% de Cu et 0,03-0,06 % de Mg, reste Zn, appelé "Zamak 5". Zamak 5 présente, tout comme Formalloy, une structure de coulée à tendance dendritique ou basaltique.A process for manufacturing articles of a zinc-based alloy containing aluminum and copper by die-casting of this alloy in a metal mold is described in the document "Zinc alloys for foundry. A factor of progress : Zamak alloys ", Center Technique du Zinc, PUBLIMAC, 92600, Asnières, November 1972. This known process uses an alloy with 3.9.-4.3% Al, 0.75-1.25% Cu and 0.03-0.06% Mg, Zn residue, called "Zamak 5". Zamak 5 presents, like Formalloy, a casting structure with a dendritic or basaltic tendency.
D'autres procédés du même genre sont décrits dans les documents DE- B-1211403, FR-A-1321677 et US-A-2467956 : selon le premier de ces documents on utilise un alliage à 6,7-7,5% d'Al, 3,2-4,2% de Cu et 0,01-0,1% de Be, reste Zn, selon le deuxième un alliage à 1-10% d'Al, 0,1-5% de Cu, > 0,005-0,05% de Mg et > 0,0001-0,01% de Be, reste Zn, et selon le troisième un alliage à 2,0-10,0% d'Al, 0,03- 3,50% de Cu, 0,01-0,30% de Mg et 0,00001-0,0001% de Be, reste Zn. Ces trois procédés font tous appel au béryllium comme élément d'alliage. Comme le béryllium est hautement toxique à l'état de vapeur, l'exécution de ces procédés requiert des mesures de précaution rigoureuses et donc très coûteuses.Other processes of the same kind are described in documents DE-B-1211403, FR-A-1321677 and US-A-2467956: according to the first of these documents, an alloy of 6.7-7.5% d is used. 'Al, 3.2-4.2% Cu and 0.01-0.1% Be, Zn remains, according to the second an alloy with 1-10% Al, 0.1-5% Cu ,> 0.005-0.05% of Mg and> 0.0001-0.01% of Be, remains Zn, and according to the third an alloy with 2.0-10.0% of Al, 0.03- 3 , 50% Cu, 0.01-0.30% Mg and 0.00001-0.0001% Be, Zn residue. These three processes all use beryllium as an alloying element. As beryllium is highly toxic in the vapor state, the execution of these processes requires rigorous and therefore very expensive precautionary measures.
Le but de la présente invention est de procurer un procédé tel que défini ci-dessus, qui permet d'éviter les inconvénients des procédés connus.The object of the present invention is to provide a method as defined above, which makes it possible to avoid the drawbacks of the known methods.
A cet effet, selon l'invention l'alliage contient 6,0-8,0% d'Al et 3,2-4,3% de Cu, le reste étant du zinc, par exemple du zinc électrolytique, et les impuretés qui sont inévitablement présentes dans les métaux précités.To this end, according to the invention the alloy contains 6.0-8.0% Al and 3.2-4.3% Cu, the rest being zinc, for example electrolytic zinc, and the impurities which are inevitably present in the aforementioned metals.
En effet, il a été trouvé qu'un tel alliage présente une structure de coulée à grains fins et qu'il peut être coulé en dessous de 440°C. Le fait que l'alliage peut être coulé en dessous de 440°C est particulièrement important pour la coulée centrifuge.Indeed, it has been found that such an alloy has a fine-grained casting structure and that it can be cast below 440 ° C. The fact that the alloy can be cast below 440 ° C is particularly important for centrifugal casting.
La teneur en Cu ne peut pas être inférieure à 3,2% et supérieure àThe Cu content may not be less than 3.2% and greater than
4,3% ; autrement, on risque de produire une structure à tendance dendritique ou basaltique. Une teneur d'Al de moins de 6,0% produit également une structure dendritique ou basaltique, tandis qu'une teneur d'Al de plus de4.3%; otherwise, there is a risk of producing a structure with a dendritic or basaltic tendency. An Al content of less than 6.0% also produces a dendritic or basaltic structure, while an Al content of more than
8,0% amène la température de coulée aux environs de 440°C.8.0% brings the casting temperature to around 440 ° C.
L'alliage présente une excellente fluidité.The alloy has excellent fluidity.
Lorsqu'on coule l'alliage sous pression, il est particulièrement avantageux de faire appel à une machine de moulage sous pression à chambre chaude. On utilise avantageusement un alliage à 6,7-7,3% d'Al et 3,6- 4,0% de Cu et, de préférence, un alliage ayant la composition eutectique : 7,0% d'Al ; 3,8% de Cu et 89,2% de Zn. En effet, il a été trouvé que la fluidité de l'alliage augmente à mesure que sa composition s'approche de la composition eutectique. Comme il a été trouvé également que la présence dans l'alliage d'impuretés influence défavorablement la fluidité, il est recommandable d'utiliser un alliage fait de zinc d'une pureté d'au moins 99,995%, d'aluminium d'une pureté d'au moins 99,97% et de cuivre d'une pureté d'au moins 99,99%.When casting the alloy under pressure, it is particularly advantageous to use a hot chamber pressure molding machine. Advantageously, an alloy with 6.7-7.3% of Al and 3.6-4.0% of Cu is used, and preferably an alloy having the eutectic composition: 7.0% of Al; 3.8% Cu and 89.2% Zn. Indeed, it has been found that the fluidity of the alloy increases as its composition approaches the eutectic composition. As it has also been found that the presence in the alloy of impurities adversely influences the fluidity, it is advisable to use an alloy made of zinc with a purity of at least 99.995%, of aluminum of a purity at least 99.97% and copper with a purity of at least 99.99%.
L'excellente fluidité de l'alliage utilisé' dans le procédé de l'invention est illustrée par les résultats donnés ci-dessous d'une série d'essais de coulabilité type Radone.The excellent flowability of the alloy used 'in the process of the invention is illustrated by the results given below of a series of tests such Radone flowability.
Le principe de cet essai est de "couler" par aspiration un métal liquide dans un tube horizontal sous une dépression et une température constantes, puis de mesurer la longueur de métal aspiré. Cette longueur est une mesure pour la coulabilité, c'est- à-dire la fluidité, du métal.The principle of this test is to "sink" by suction a liquid metal in a horizontal tube under a constant vacuum and a constant temperature, then to measure the length of sucked metal. This length is a measure for the flowability, that is, the fluidity, of the metal.
Les alliages suivants ont été soumis à cet essai :The following alloys were subjected to this test:
— l'alliage qui est utilisé dans le procédé de l'invention et qui sera appelé ci-après "Superloy",- the alloy which is used in the process of the invention and which will be called hereinafter "Superloy",
— l'alliage "Superloy" auquel on a ajouté 0,005% de Be et qui sera appelé ci-après "Alliage au Be",- the "Superloy" alloy to which 0.005% of Be has been added and which will be called hereinafter "Be alloy",
— l'alliage "Zamak 5" précité et deux autres alliages à base de zinc qui sont couramment utilisés en coulée sous pression et qui sont appelés "Zamak 2" et "Zamak 3". Caractéristiques de solidification et analyse chimique des alliages:- the above-mentioned "Zamak 5" alloy and two other zinc-based alloys which are commonly used in die-casting and which are called "Zamak 2" and "Zamak 3". Solidification characteristics and chemical analysis of alloys:
.oΗrtif . (°C) Analyse chimique (%).oifrtif. (° C) Chemical analysis (%)
Liq. Sol. Al Cu Mg Pb Fe Cd BeLiq. Ground. Al Cu Mg Pb Fe Cd Be
Superloy 379 379 6,90 3,70 0,001 0,0014 0,0020 0,0002 _Superloy 379 379 6.90 3.70 0.001 0.0014 0.0020 0.0002 _
ΛIΗarp aiΛIΗarp ai
Be 379 379 6,90 3,70 0,001 0,0014 0,0020 0,0002 0,005Be 379 379 6.90 3.70 0.001 0.0014 0.0020 0.0002 0.005
Zamak 2 390 379 4,01 2,80 0,040 0,0015 0,0025 0,0008 _Zamak 2,390,379 4.01 2.80 0.040 0.0015 0.0025 0.0008 _
Zamak 3 387 381 4,04 0,001 0,043 0,0020 0,0021 0,0009 _Zamak 3,387 381 4.04 0.001 0.043 0.0020 0.0021 0.0009 _
Zamak 5 386 380 4,06 0,880 0,044 0,0022 0,0020 0,0009 -Zamak 5 386 380 4.06 0.880 0.044 0.0022 0.0020 0.0009 -
Les essais ont été faits dans les conditions suivantes : — température du bain : 420°CThe tests were carried out under the following conditions: - bath temperature: 420 ° C.
— dépression : 205 mm de Hg- depression: 205 mm Hg
— diamètre du tube : 3 mm Longueur de métal aspiré, en mm :- tube diameter: 3 mm Length of metal sucked, in mm:
Superloy : 415 Alliage au Be : 385Superloy: 415 Be alloy: 385
Zamak 2 : 290Zamak 2: 290
Zamak 3 : 275Zamak 3: 275
Zamak 5 : 260 Il est remarquable que la fluidité de Superloy est de 43% supérieure à celle du Zamak 2, qui est lui-même le plus fluide des Zamaks, mais il est encore plus remarquable que l'addition de seulement 0,005% de Be à Superloy fait déjà baisser la fluidité de 8%.Zamak 5: 260 It is remarkable that the fluidity of Superloy is 43% higher than that of Zamak 2, which is itself the most fluid of Zamaks, but it is even more remarkable than the addition of only 0.005% of Be at Superloy is already reducing fluidity by 8%.
Superloy présente à la température ambiante les caractéristiques mécaniques suivants :Superloy has the following mechanical characteristics at room temperature:
— résistance à la traction 315 MPa- tensile strength 315 MPa
— limite d'allongement rémanent 0,2% 210 MPa- residual elongation 0.2% 210 MPa
— dureté Brinell 95- Brinell 95 hardness
— allongement 6 %- 6% extension
Il est évident que, pour tirer le maximum de profit du procédé de la présente invention, il convient que l'on effectue la coulée à une température qui dépasse le moins possible, par exemple de 5-30°C, la température du liquidus de l'alliage ou le point de fusion dans le cas de la composition eutectique.It is obvious that, in order to obtain the maximum benefit from the process of the present invention, it is advisable that the casting is carried out at a temperature which exceeds as little as possible, for example 5-30 ° C, the liquidus temperature of the alloy or the melting point in the case of the eutectic composition.
Le procédé de l'invention est particulièrement utile pour la fabrication de voitures miniatures par coulée sous pression. The method of the invention is particularly useful for the manufacture of miniature cars by die casting.

Claims

Revendications claims
1. Procédé de fabrication d'articles en un alliage à base de zinc contenant de l'aluminium et du cuivre par coulée centrifuge dans un moule en caoutchouc ou par coulée sous pression dans un moule métallique, caractérisé en ce que l'alliage contient 6,0-8,0% d'Al et 3,2-4,3% de Cu, le reste étant du zinc et les impuretés qui sont inévitablement présentes dans les métaux précités.1. Method for manufacturing articles of a zinc-based alloy containing aluminum and copper by centrifugal casting in a rubber mold or by pressure casting in a metal mold, characterized in that the alloy contains 6 , 0-8.0% Al and 3.2-4.3% Cu, the remainder being zinc and the impurities which are inevitably present in the aforementioned metals.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on effectue la coulée sous pression de l'alliage dans une machine à chambre chaude.2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the alloy is cast under pressure in a machine with a hot chamber.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'alliage contient 6,7-7,3% d'Al et 3,6-4,0% de Cu.3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the alloy contains 6.7-7.3% Al and 3.6-4.0% Cu.
4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'alliage contient environ 7,0% d'Al et 3,8% de Cu.4. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the alloy contains about 7.0% Al and 3.8% Cu.
5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1-4, caractérisé en ce qu'on coule l'alliage à une température qui dépasse de 5 à 30°C la température de son liquidus. 5. Method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the alloy is poured at a temperature which exceeds by 5 to 30 ° C the temperature of its liquidus.
EP94904653A 1993-01-14 1994-01-07 METHOD FOR PRODUCING Zn-Al-Cu ALLOY ARTICLES BY CENTRIFUGAL OR DIE CASTING Expired - Lifetime EP0679198B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9300300 1993-01-14
FR9300300A FR2700343B1 (en) 1993-01-14 1993-01-14 Process for manufacturing articles of Zn-Al-Cu alloy by centrifugal casting or pressure casting.
PCT/EP1994/000063 WO1994016113A1 (en) 1993-01-14 1994-01-07 METHOD FOR PRODUCING Zn-Al-Cu ALLOY ARTICLES BY CENTRIFUGAL OR DIE CASTING

Publications (2)

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EP0679198A1 true EP0679198A1 (en) 1995-11-02
EP0679198B1 EP0679198B1 (en) 1996-08-07

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EP (1) EP0679198B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1045630C (en)
AT (1) ATE141109T1 (en)
AU (1) AU5860794A (en)
BR (1) BR9405776A (en)
DE (1) DE69400355T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2092893T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2700343B1 (en)
GR (1) GR3021536T3 (en)
MY (1) MY109927A (en)
PH (1) PH30294A (en)
PL (1) PL177931B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1994016113A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA939736B (en)

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WO2019007906A1 (en) 2017-07-04 2019-01-10 Grillo-Werke Ag Titanium-containing zinc wrought alloy
WO2019007909A1 (en) 2017-07-04 2019-01-10 Grillo-Werke Ag Zinc wrought alloy with improved coatability

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KR101910868B1 (en) * 2017-02-28 2018-10-23 창원대학교 산학협력단 Zinc-Aluminium alloy having directional grain and method for fabricating the same
CN116103531A (en) * 2022-11-08 2023-05-12 安阳工学院 A method of adding graphene to improve the hardness of zinc-aluminum alloy

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019007906A1 (en) 2017-07-04 2019-01-10 Grillo-Werke Ag Titanium-containing zinc wrought alloy
WO2019007909A1 (en) 2017-07-04 2019-01-10 Grillo-Werke Ag Zinc wrought alloy with improved coatability

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DE69400355D1 (en) 1996-09-12
CN1045630C (en) 1999-10-13
ZA939736B (en) 1994-08-11
ATE141109T1 (en) 1996-08-15
PL309605A1 (en) 1995-10-30
WO1994016113A1 (en) 1994-07-21
HK1007770A1 (en) 1999-04-23
PH30294A (en) 1997-02-20
BR9405776A (en) 1995-12-19
MY109927A (en) 1997-09-30
FR2700343A1 (en) 1994-07-13
PL177931B1 (en) 2000-01-31
GR3021536T3 (en) 1997-02-28
ES2092893T3 (en) 1996-12-01
EP0679198B1 (en) 1996-08-07
DE69400355T2 (en) 1997-03-27
CN1116433A (en) 1996-02-07
FR2700343B1 (en) 1995-03-17
AU5860794A (en) 1994-08-15

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