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EP0654420A1 - Conteneur pour des masses liquides, procédé de remplissage et de vidage de tels conteneurs - Google Patents

Conteneur pour des masses liquides, procédé de remplissage et de vidage de tels conteneurs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0654420A1
EP0654420A1 EP94890078A EP94890078A EP0654420A1 EP 0654420 A1 EP0654420 A1 EP 0654420A1 EP 94890078 A EP94890078 A EP 94890078A EP 94890078 A EP94890078 A EP 94890078A EP 0654420 A1 EP0654420 A1 EP 0654420A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bag
container according
mass
line
opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94890078A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0654420B1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Lisec
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AT228093A external-priority patent/AT407144B/de
Priority claimed from AT234893A external-priority patent/AT401917B/de
Priority claimed from AT241293A external-priority patent/AT411750B/de
Priority claimed from AT243693A external-priority patent/AT408746B/de
Priority claimed from AT58794A external-priority patent/ATA58794A/de
Priority to EP97102844A priority Critical patent/EP0784017B1/fr
Priority to EP94890078A priority patent/EP0654420B1/fr
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0654420A1 publication Critical patent/EP0654420A1/fr
Publication of EP0654420B1 publication Critical patent/EP0654420B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D21/00—Nestable, stackable or joinable containers; Containers of variable capacity
    • B65D21/08—Containers of variable capacity
    • B65D21/086—Collapsible or telescopic containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D77/00—Packages formed by enclosing articles or materials in preformed containers, e.g. boxes, cartons, sacks or bags
    • B65D77/04—Articles or materials enclosed in two or more containers disposed one within another
    • B65D77/06—Liquids or semi-liquids or other materials or articles enclosed in flexible containers disposed within rigid containers
    • B65D77/061—Liquids or semi-liquids or other materials or articles enclosed in flexible containers disposed within rigid containers the containers being mounted on a pallet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a container with the features of the introductory part of independent claim 1.
  • Flowable and pasty-viscous masses in particular plastics based on thiokol, such as are used to seal insulating glass panes, are usually transported by the producer in barrels or barrels to the manufacturer of insulating glass panes.
  • barrel pumps are used, which have a pressure plate which is received in the interior of the barrel and is applied to the surface of the mass contained in the barrel and which remove the mass from the barrel upwards.
  • barrel pumps which have a pressure plate which is received in the interior of the barrel and is applied to the surface of the mass contained in the barrel and which remove the mass from the barrel upwards.
  • the removal is difficult and a larger or smaller remnant of mass remains in the barrel, which can no longer be removed.
  • Another disadvantage is that the transport of the empty drums back to the manufacturer of the mass is complex, since the empty drums have little weight, but take up a lot of space.
  • AU-PS 538 510 describes a container for holding flowable or pasty masses, which is a single-layer bag made of flexible plastic.
  • the pouch is inserted into a frame-like frame, which is formed like a pallet at the bottom, and filled with the mass to be transported and stored, the upper end of the container, via which it has been filled, attached to a rigid part of the upper end of the frame becomes.
  • a removal line is attached to the bottom of the frame and is connected to a removal opening at the bottom of the container.
  • a disadvantage of this construction is that, especially with viscous-pasty masses, the mass flow to the removal opening is not sufficient if it is removed more quickly.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a container of the type mentioned, which does not have the disadvantages described and from which the mass can be taken in full.
  • pumpable or flowable compositions even if they are viscous-pasty, for example plastics based on thiokol, can be easily transported to the consumer and can be removed from the container as required. After the mass has been completely removed from the container, it can be transported back to the mass producer to save space.
  • the line leading to the vacuum device is connected to the ventilation opening with the interposition of a vessel with a larger cross section than the diameter of the ventilation opening and the diameter of the line leading to the vacuum device.
  • the intermediate vessel Because the vacuum is applied to the venting opening of the bag via the intermediate vessel, there is practically no risk that mass will pass unobserved from the bag into the line leading to the vacuum line. Because the intermediate vessel has a large cross-section, the flow velocity of the mass emerging through the vent opening is small in it, so that there is sufficient time to take measures to prevent mass from entering the vacuum line.
  • the invention also relates to a method for removing flowable masses, such as pasty-viscous masses, in particular plastic based on thiokol, as are used for sealing insulating glass panes, from a container with the features of the introductory part of claim 48.
  • This method is characterized by the features of the characterizing part of claim 48.
  • the bag in the bag as mass is progressively removed from the bag, e.g. with the help of a suction pump, a pressure is reduced compared to the ambient pressure, the bag is increasingly compressed. Since the container is gradually lifted up, for example by a lifting device engaging a fitting provided there in the region of the removal opening, the bag gradually takes on a slimmer, somewhat pear-shaped shape. In this way, the mass contained in the bag always collects in the area of the removal opening provided at the lower end in the middle of the bag, so that the mass can be removed completely. It is also advantageous that there is no risk of air being trapped in the mass removed.
  • the filling opening remains closed when mass is removed from the container, air is prevented from entering during mass removal enters the container. This is particularly advantageous for masses that are sensitive to air and moisture.
  • the invention relates to a method for filling viscous-pasty masses into containers made of flexible material via a filling opening located at its lower end in the position of use of the container.
  • the procedure is as specified in claim 60.
  • Preferred and advantageous embodiments of the method of the invention are the subject of dependent claims 61 to 63.
  • the methods according to the invention ensure that the space available in the container is or is completely filled with mass, and that no air pockets or other air-filled spaces are formed or remain which can be harmful to the mass, impair the removal and the available space Reduce the volume of the bag.
  • the container 1 in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3, consists of a receiving frame 2 and a bag 3.
  • the receiving frame 2 consists of a pallet-like base plate 4 and a side support wall 5 projecting upwards therefrom, which in the exemplary embodiment shown is composed of three telescopic elements 6, 7 and 8 which can be telescoped and pushed into one another.
  • the wall parts 6, 7 and 8 can have a rectangular or square outline shape. However, they can preferably also be made circular.
  • an opening 10 is provided, from which a line 11 extends, which leads to the side edge of the base plate 4 and carries a (quick) coupling 12, via which a further line 13 can be connected.
  • the inner end of the line 11 reaching upwards into the bag 3 is tightly connected to the bottom region 9 of the bag 3 by a screw connection 40 (cf. FIG. 3).
  • Mass 17 removed from the container 1 by a feed pump 41 through a line 42 to a consumer 43, e.g. conveyed (pumped) to the nozzle 43 by an automatic sealing machine.
  • the mass 17 is also filled into the bag 3 of the container 1 according to the invention via the line 11 and the opening 10.
  • a filling opening and a removal opening can also be provided in the bottom region 9 of the bag 3. Accordingly, two lines 11 provided with couplings 12 are then provided, which are led to the edge of the receiving frame 2.
  • a valve 14 is provided, which is designed as a check valve and only allows gas (air) to escape from the interior of the bag 3, but prevents the entry of gas (air) into the bag 3.
  • a fitting for example a ring 15 attached to which a hoist 16 (see Fig. 3) can be connected to lift the bag 3.
  • the container 1 i.e. the bag 3 of the same, to be filled with mass 17
  • this is pumped by a pump 44 through a line 45 and through the line 11 and through the opening 10 - that is from below - into the interior of the bag 3, so that it gradually after takes the form shown in Fig. 2.
  • the wall 5 either assumes the unfolded position as shown in FIG. 3 by unfolding the bag 3, or supported by lifting devices, not shown, or by hand. It goes without saying that means, not shown, are provided which limit the relative displacement of the wall parts 6, 7 or 7, 8 when they have assumed the exploded position shown in FIG. 2.
  • the bag 3 consists, for example, of diffusion-tight plastic, which can be fabric-reinforced or fiber-reinforced.
  • the diffusion tightness of the plastic from which the bag 3 is made can be achieved, for example, by metal vapor deposition (metallization), preferably on the inside of the bag 3. It is important for many masses that they do not come into contact with air and / or moisture, because they then begin to harden, for example, or their properties change in an undesirable manner. It is therefore important for these masses that the diffusion of air and water vapor into the bag 3 is prevented the mass 17 does not come into contact with the media mentioned.
  • a trough-like recess 20 is provided, at the lowest point of which the opening 10 of the bag 3 is located.
  • the filled container 1 shown in Fig. 2 is transported to a consumer.
  • a line 13 is connected there with the aid of the quick coupling 12, and the container 1 is ready for the removal of mass 17.
  • the bag 3 can be lifted gradually when removing mass 17 from the hoist 16, so that it takes on the aforementioned increasingly narrowing, pear-shaped shape when removing mass 17.
  • the removal of mass 17 from the bag 3 can, as mentioned, be supported by applying negative pressure to the line 11, for example via the line 13 connected by the (quick) coupling 12, that is to say pumping out mass 17.
  • the mass 17 When the mass 17 has been completely removed from the bag 3, the latter is folded up and placed in the region delimited by the pushed-together wall parts 6, 7, 8, so that it can be safely transported back to the producer of the flowable mass 17 without it takes up a lot of transport volume.
  • the folding of the bag 3 is simple since it is completely empty after the complete removal of the mass 17, and therefore does not contain any air which would make the folding difficult.
  • the lateral support wall 31 for the bag 3 filled with mass 17 is designed as a circular cylinder jacket.
  • the wall 37 can also have a different, for example polygonal, plan shape.
  • a base plate 33 is provided, which is preferably designed to slope away from the edge, ie away from the wall 31 towards the center.
  • the line 11 goes out, which can be or is connected to the opening 10 of the bag 3.
  • a skirt 32 protrudes downward from the base plate 33 and has an outline corresponding to the supporting wall 31, for example a circular outline.
  • the free end of the line 11 with the part of the (quick) coupling 12 attached to it projects through a recess 34 in the skirt 32 to the outside.
  • the outer diameter of the skirt 32 is dimensioned such that it can be inserted into the space delimited by the wall 31 when receiving frames 30 with empty bags 3, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, are stacked on top of one another.
  • an upwardly open recess 35 is provided in the wall 31, which is arranged exactly above the outer end of the line 11.
  • four feet 36 are fastened to the outside of the wall 31 and protrude beyond the lower edge 37 of the skirt 32.
  • Fig. 4 From Fig. 4 it can be seen that the lower ends of the feet 36 are spaced from the outer surface of the skirt 32 so that the wall 31 of a further mounting frame 30 can be inserted between the skirt 32 and the feet 36 when mounting frames 30 are stacked.
  • the procedure can also be such that only as much mass 17 is sucked out of the bag 3 through the line 11 that a complete filling of at least one store which is supplied with mass 17 via line 13 (and via the pump 41 provided in this).
  • the suction of the mass 17 from the bag 3 is interrupted and only then resumed when the memory has been completely or to a certain extent emptied.
  • An analogous method of operation can also be used if several stores and / or at least one metering pump are loaded with mass 17 removed from the container 1 or its bag 3.
  • the invention therefore preferably works in such a way that mass 17 is removed from the bag 3 intermittently (batchwise).
  • the removal of mass 17 from the bag 3 of the container 1 is supported by the fact that the bag 3 is lifted above via a lifting device 16 connected to the fitting 15 of the bag 3.
  • This lifting of the bag 3 advantageously does not take place right at the start of the removal process, i.e. when the bag 3 is completely full (see FIG. 2), but only after a predetermined or preselectable fraction of the mass 17 has been removed from the bag 3.
  • This can be achieved in a simple manner by exerting an upward force on the bag 3 via the lifting device 16, that is to say loading the bag 3 in the sense of lifting, the size of which corresponds to a fraction of the weight of the fully filled bag 3.
  • the bag 3 is gradually raised without special regulation of the tensile force - it is sufficient that it is fixed to a certain size and kept constant - and the removal, as explained above, of mass 17 from the container 3 is improved.
  • the line 11 is screwed to the bottom region 9 of the bag 3 in the region of its upward-pointing part.
  • the line 11 is connected to the base plate 4 of the mounting frame 1 by means not shown, or to the base plate 33 of the mounting frame 30 in the embodiment of FIGS. 4, 5 and 6.
  • the vent opening 14 provided at the upper end of the bag 3 can be connected to an intermediate vessel 51 via a connecting line 52.
  • the intermediate vessel 51 consists for example of transparent plastic.
  • a connection piece 53 extends from the upper end of the intermediate vessel 51, on which a pressure gauge 54 can be provided, from which the line 56 extends.
  • the line 56 is designed at least in the region of its section 56 ′ connected to the intermediate vessel 51 as a helical coil which is placed around the lifting cable of the lifting device 16.
  • an approximately eight-shaped clamp 55 is provided, the ring of which is inserted around the loops 50 at the upper end of the bag 3, the intermediate vessel 51 being received in the second, open ring of the clamp 55.
  • the intermediate vessel 51 When the intermediate vessel 51 is arranged, it can be readily determined by visual observation whether mass 17 from the bag 3 enters the interior of the intermediate vessel 51 through the ventilation opening 14 under the effect of the negative pressure applied by the vacuum device 47 via the line 56, and appropriate measures are taken before mass 17 enters line 56, 56 '. Because the interior of the intermediate vessel 51 is enlarged compared to the cross section of the vent opening 14 and that of the line 56, there is sufficient time to take measures (for example switching off the vacuum device 47) before mass 17 still enters the line 56, 56 ', since the flow velocity of the mass 17 in the area of the intermediate vessel 51 is slow.
  • an intermediate vessel 60 is also connected via a line 52 to the vent opening 14 of the bag 3.
  • the space 61 of the intermediate vessel 60, to which the line 52 is connected, is variable in size and is delimited at the top by a piston 63 which can be displaced in the intermediate vessel 60.
  • the line 56, 56 ′ leading to the vacuum device 47 is connected to the upper end of the intermediate vessel 60 and also acts in the space 61 of the intermediate vessel 60 via a through opening 68 in the piston 63.
  • mass 17 arrives from the bag 3 via the vent opening 14 and the line 52 into the space 61 of the intermediate vessel 60 and so far fills that it reaches the piston 63, it is moved upwards until a switching cam 67 on a piston rod 64 of a pressure medium motor 65 actuates a switch 66 assigned to the piston rod 64. As soon as this occurs, the pressure medium motor 65 is actuated and pushes the piston 63 down again.
  • a flap valve 69 which is assigned to the passage opening 68 in the piston 63, is pressed into its closed position under the action of the mass 17 located in the space 61, the compression spring 70 initially holding the flap valve 69 compressed.
  • the intermediate vessel can also be designed as shown in FIG. 9.
  • the space 81 of the intermediate vessel 80 is variable in size because it is delimited on one side by a flexible wall 83 (membrane).
  • the space 82 in the intermediate vessel 80 can be pressurized via a connection 84 by introducing a pressure medium (compressed air, hydraulic fluid). If the space 81 is filled with mass 17 from the bag 3 to such an extent that there is a risk that mass 17 gets into the line 56, a shut-off element 85 (for example a solenoid valve, a flap valve or the like) is closed and via the connection 84 pressure medium is pressed into the space 82, so that the flexible wall 83 is moved from its original position shown in FIG. 6 into the position shown in broken lines in FIG. 6, and the mass 17 contained in the space 81 is pressed back into the bag 3. As soon as this has happened, the wall 83 is, for example, by applying negative pressure to the Moved room 82 back to its original position.
  • steps can be triggered by observing the room 81 by an operator or by a sensor 86 which responds to the presence of mass 17 (light barrier or float-like sensor).
  • the invention can be represented as follows, for example:
  • a container 1 for pumpable and flowable mass 17 consists of a sack-shaped bag 3, which is arranged in a receiving frame 2 and is made of flexible, diffusion-tight plastic film, which is closed in a pressure-tight manner. From the lower area 9 of the bag 3, a line 11 extends from its removal opening 10, which can also be the filling opening, to which a suction line 13 can be coupled. When mass 17 is removed from the bag 3, the latter is gradually raised by a lifting device 16. As a result and under the effect of the reduced pressure prevailing inside the bag 3, the bag 3 assumes an increasingly slender, pear-shaped shape.
  • the receiving frame 2 has a wall 5.
  • the bottom 4 of the receiving frame 2 has a recess 20 in the center, from the lowest point of which the line 11 extends. Air can be pumped out of the bag 3 via a valve 14 provided at the top in the bag 3, while the latter is also being pumped out Mass 17 is filled and / or while mass 17 is removed.
  • a line 56, 56 ′ which leads to a vacuum source 47, is connected to the ventilation opening 14 provided at the top in the flexible bag 3 via an intermediate vessel 51 with an enlarged cross section. Since the intermediate vessel 51 has a cross-section that is larger than the cross section of the vent opening 14, the interior of the intermediate vessel 51 fills only slowly with mass 17 exiting from the bag 3 through the vent opening 14. This prevents mass 17 from entering the line 56 directly , which leads to the vacuum device 47, and there is also sufficient time to take suitable measures which prevent the entry of mass 17 into the line 56.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Stackable Containers (AREA)
  • Filling Of Jars Or Cans And Processes For Cleaning And Sealing Jars (AREA)
  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
  • Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
  • Bag Frames (AREA)
  • Ship Loading And Unloading (AREA)
EP94890078A 1993-11-10 1994-05-03 Conteneur pour des masses liquides, procédé de remplissage et de vidage de tels conteneurs Expired - Lifetime EP0654420B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP94890078A EP0654420B1 (fr) 1993-11-10 1994-05-03 Conteneur pour des masses liquides, procédé de remplissage et de vidage de tels conteneurs
EP97102844A EP0784017B1 (fr) 1993-11-10 1994-05-03 Conteneur pour des masses liquides

Applications Claiming Priority (13)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT2280/93 1993-11-10
AT228093A AT407144B (de) 1993-11-10 1993-11-10 Verfahren zum entnehmen von pastös-zähen massen aus einem behälter
AT234893A AT401917B (de) 1993-11-19 1993-11-19 Behälter für fliessfähige massen
AT2348/93 1993-11-19
AT241293A AT411750B (de) 1993-11-29 1993-11-29 Behälter für fliessfähige massen und verfahren zum füllen solcher behälter
AT2412/93 1993-11-29
AT2436/93 1993-12-01
AT243693A AT408746B (de) 1993-12-01 1993-12-01 Verfahren zum entnehmen von fliessfähigen massen aus behältern
EP94890058 1994-03-14
EP94890058 1994-03-14
AT587/94 1994-03-21
AT58794A ATA58794A (de) 1994-03-21 1994-03-21 Behälter für fliessfähige massen
EP94890078A EP0654420B1 (fr) 1993-11-10 1994-05-03 Conteneur pour des masses liquides, procédé de remplissage et de vidage de tels conteneurs

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97102844A Division EP0784017B1 (fr) 1993-11-10 1994-05-03 Conteneur pour des masses liquides

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0654420A1 true EP0654420A1 (fr) 1995-05-24
EP0654420B1 EP0654420B1 (fr) 1998-07-29

Family

ID=27542358

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94890078A Expired - Lifetime EP0654420B1 (fr) 1993-11-10 1994-05-03 Conteneur pour des masses liquides, procédé de remplissage et de vidage de tels conteneurs
EP97102844A Expired - Lifetime EP0784017B1 (fr) 1993-11-10 1994-05-03 Conteneur pour des masses liquides

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97102844A Expired - Lifetime EP0784017B1 (fr) 1993-11-10 1994-05-03 Conteneur pour des masses liquides

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5535791A (fr)
EP (2) EP0654420B1 (fr)
AT (2) ATE194571T1 (fr)
DE (3) DE59409452D1 (fr)
ES (2) ES2149520T3 (fr)
IT (1) ITMI940676U1 (fr)

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AT401671B (de) * 1995-03-17 1996-11-25 Lisec Peter Handversiegelungsvorrichtung
JP3302215B2 (ja) * 1995-03-23 2002-07-15 ツカサ工業株式会社 自動開袋装置
US5638571A (en) * 1996-01-22 1997-06-17 Marino-Technologies, Inc. Bulk cargo bag cleaning apparatus and method
DE19733812A1 (de) * 1997-08-05 1999-02-11 Ekkehard Steinecke Behälter für Schüttgut
GB2330353B (en) * 1997-10-15 2002-02-20 Spiroflow Ltd Bag discharge apparatus
GB9820869D0 (en) 1998-09-26 1998-11-18 Flomat Bagfilla Int Ltd Methods and apparatus for discharging bags
DE20100219U1 (de) 2001-01-08 2001-07-05 Bothor, Kerim Patrick, 22397 Hamburg Vorrichtung zur Aufnahme, Transport, kontrollierten Entleerung und Lagerung von fliessfähigen Schüttgütern in grossvolumigen Behältern
WO2004087320A2 (fr) 2003-03-28 2004-10-14 Hyclone Laboratories, Inc. Bacs distributeurs de fluide et procedes associes
US6990748B2 (en) * 2003-09-12 2006-01-31 Karin M. Bolland Method and apparatus for evaporating liquid from a product
EP1824735A4 (fr) 2004-11-21 2011-08-03 David Mitchell Windmiller Bouteilles remplissables par le fond et systemes de chargement
US7708035B2 (en) * 2005-11-21 2010-05-04 David Mitchell Windmiller Bottom fillable bottles and systems for charging the same
GB201001765D0 (en) * 2010-02-03 2010-03-24 Wardle Anthony Bag assembly
USD671359S1 (en) 2011-11-16 2012-11-27 David Windmiller Top lid assembly for bottle
EP2943413A4 (fr) * 2013-01-09 2016-09-21 Rich Brands Llc Systèmes empilables

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DE59409452D1 (de) 2000-08-17
ES2120600T3 (es) 1998-11-01
EP0784017B1 (fr) 2000-07-12
EP0784017A1 (fr) 1997-07-16
ES2149520T3 (es) 2000-11-01
DE59406553D1 (de) 1998-09-03
DE9407507U1 (de) 1994-09-08
US5535791A (en) 1996-07-16
EP0654420B1 (fr) 1998-07-29
ATE194571T1 (de) 2000-07-15
ATE168959T1 (de) 1998-08-15
ITMI940676V0 (it) 1994-10-11
ITMI940676U1 (it) 1996-04-11

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