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EP0650470A1 - Method of preparing polyol alkyl ethers - Google Patents

Method of preparing polyol alkyl ethers

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Publication number
EP0650470A1
EP0650470A1 EP93915718A EP93915718A EP0650470A1 EP 0650470 A1 EP0650470 A1 EP 0650470A1 EP 93915718 A EP93915718 A EP 93915718A EP 93915718 A EP93915718 A EP 93915718A EP 0650470 A1 EP0650470 A1 EP 0650470A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
acid
carbon atoms
olefins
catalysts
alkyl ethers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP93915718A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Arno Behr
Heiko Schmidke
Christoph Lohr
Michael Schneider
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Original Assignee
Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Henkel AG and Co KGaA filed Critical Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Publication of EP0650470A1 publication Critical patent/EP0650470A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/185—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Aldehydes; Ketones
    • C10L1/1852—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Orthoesters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C41/00—Preparation of ethers; Preparation of compounds having groups, groups or groups
    • C07C41/01—Preparation of ethers
    • C07C41/05—Preparation of ethers by addition of compounds to unsaturated compounds
    • C07C41/06—Preparation of ethers by addition of compounds to unsaturated compounds by addition of organic compounds only

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the preparation of polyolalkyl ethers by acid-catalyzed reaction of compounds which have at least two hydroxyl groups with short-chain olefins.
  • Polyolalkyl ethers such as, for example, glycerol or trimethylolpropane ethers, are important raw materials for the preparation of wetting agents [US 2 932 670], emulsifiers [DE 11 00 035 AI] or lime soap dispersants [US 3 350 460].
  • Takana et al. is from Tetrahedr.
  • Lett., J29., 1823 (1988) discloses a process for the preparation of glycerol tert-butyl ether, in which glycerol acetal is reacted with the self-igniting trimethyl aluminum.
  • Dishong et al. describe in J.Am.Chem.Soc. 105, 586 (1983) a two-step synthesis starting from tert-butanol and the highly toxic epichlorohydrin.
  • Montanari and Tundo finally report in J.Org. Chem. 2, 1298 (1982) on the preparation of glycerol tert-butyl ether by reacting the very difficult to access ter. Butyl glycidyl ether with formic acid.
  • the object of the invention was therefore to provide an improved process for the preparation of polyolalkyl ethers which is free from the disadvantages described.
  • the invention relates to a process for the preparation of polyolalkyl ethers, in which polyhydroxy compounds selected from the group consisting of a) Alkylene glycols, b) glycerol, c) oligoglycerols, d) trimethylolpropane, e) pentaerythritol, f) 1,12-dodecanediol and g) sorbitol
  • R 1 is a linear or branched alkyl radical having up to 6 carbon atoms and R ⁇ is hydrogen or likewise an alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
  • polyhydroxy compounds with short-chain alpha-olefins can be etherified in the presence of weakly acidic catalysts under mild reaction conditions and in high yields.
  • alkylene glycols are understood to mean ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and their higher homologues with an average degree of condensation of 2 to 12.
  • Olgoglycerols which are suitable as polyhydroxy compounds in the process according to the invention are self-condensation products of glycerol and may also have an average degree of condensation of 2 to 5.
  • Typical examples of short-chain olefins that can be used in the process according to the invention are propene and the isomeric butenes, pentenes, hexenes, heptenes, octenes and in particular isobutene.
  • the molar ratio of polyhydroxy compound and olefin can be 1: 1 to 1:10. It has proven to be optimal to use the reactants in such a ratio that 1.1 to 2 moles of olefin are present per mole of hydroxyl groups in the polyhydroxy compound.
  • the acidic catalysts can be soluble or insoluble in the reaction mixture.
  • Typical examples of homogeneous, soluble catalysts are p-toluenesulfonic acid, sulfoacetic acid, sulfosuccinic acid, sulfotriacetin and dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid.
  • insoluble catalysts are acidic ion exchangers such as Amberlyst ( R ) 15 or Dowex ( R ) 50Wx2.
  • suitable heterogeneous catalysts are zeolites, which can be of natural or synthetic origin. Typical examples are the naturally occurring minerals clinoptilolite, erionite or chabasis.
  • Zeolite X Na 86 [(AlO 2 ) 86 (SiO 2 ) i06] * 264 H 2 ° Zeolite Y Na 56 [(Al0 2 ) 56 (Si ⁇ 2) i36] * 250 H 2 0
  • Zeolite LK 9 [(Al0) g ( Si0 2 ) 7 ] * 22 H 2 0
  • the amount of acidic catalysts used can be 0.1 to 3, preferably 0.5 to 2% by weight, based on the polyhydroxy compound.
  • the reaction can be carried out under mild reaction conditions, e.g. H. at temperatures of 50 to 120, preferably 70 to 90 ° C and pressures of 5 to 25, preferably 10 to 15 bar within 10 to 25 hours. If desired, the crude reaction product can then be purified by distillation, the use of short-path, falling-film or thin-film evaporators being preferred.
  • mild reaction conditions e.g. H. at temperatures of 50 to 120, preferably 70 to 90 ° C and pressures of 5 to 25, preferably 10 to 15 bar within 10 to 25 hours.
  • the crude reaction product can then be purified by distillation, the use of short-path, falling-film or thin-film evaporators being preferred.
  • polyol alkyl ethers obtainable by the process according to the invention can be used as solvents or solubilizers, for example in cleaning agents, paints and varnishes, and as fuel additives to improve the knock resistance of gasoline petrol.
  • solvents or solubilizers for example in cleaning agents, paints and varnishes, and as fuel additives to improve the knock resistance of gasoline petrol.
  • Example 1 was repeated using 1 g of acidic ion exchanger (Amberlyst ( R ), Fluka), which was filtered off after the reaction had ended.
  • the composition of the glycerol tert-butyl ether after the distillation is summarized in Table 2:
  • Example 1 was repeated using 120 g (1 mol) of trimethylolpropane and 1 g of sulfosuccinic acid.
  • the composition of the trimethylolpropane tert-butyl ether after the distillation is summarized in Table 3:
  • Example 1 was repeated using 136 g (1 mol) of pentaerythritol, 336 g (6 mol) of isobutene and 1.5 g of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid.
  • the composition of the pentaerythritol butyl ether after the distillation is summarized in Table 4:

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a method of preparing polyol alkyl ethers by reacting, under mild conditions and in the presence of acid catalysts, polyhydroxy compounds selected from the group comprising (a) alkylene glycols, (b) glycerin, (c) oligoglycerins, (d) trimethylolpropane, (e) pentaerythrite, (f) 1,12-dodecanediol and (g) sorbitol with olefins of formula (I),in which R1 is a straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms and R2 is hydrogen or also an alkyl group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyolalkylethern Process for the preparation of polyol alkyl ethers
Gebiet der ErfindungField of the Invention
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyolalkylethern durch sauer katalysierte Umsetzung von Verbindungen, die mindestens zwei Hydroxylgruppen aufweisen, mit kurzkettigen Olefinen.The invention relates to a process for the preparation of polyolalkyl ethers by acid-catalyzed reaction of compounds which have at least two hydroxyl groups with short-chain olefins.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Polyolalkylether, wie beispielsweise Glycerin- oder Trimethy- lolpropanether, stellen wichtige Rohstoffe für die Herstel¬ lung von Netzmitteln [US 2 932 670], Emulgatoren [DE 11 00 035 AI] oder Kalkseifendispergatoren [US 3 350 460] dar.Polyolalkyl ethers, such as, for example, glycerol or trimethylolpropane ethers, are important raw materials for the preparation of wetting agents [US 2 932 670], emulsifiers [DE 11 00 035 AI] or lime soap dispersants [US 3 350 460].
Während die Herstellung langkettiger Produkte üblicherweise über den Weg der WILLIAMSON'sehen Ethersynthese erfolgt, sind Verfahren zur Herstellung kurzkettiger Species mit erhebli¬ chen Schwierigkeiten belastet:While the production of long-chain products usually takes place via the path of WILLIAMSON's ether synthesis, processes for the production of short-chain species are associated with considerable difficulties:
Klassische Methoden zur Herstellung von Dialkylethern gehen von Alkoholen aus, die in Gegenwart von konzentrierter Schwe¬ felsäure unter drastischen Bedingungen umgesetzt werden. Die selektive Herstellung von gemischten Dialkylethern ist auf diese Weise nicht möglich; zudem werden durch Eliminierung leicht Olefine als unerwünschte Nebenprodukte gebildet [Orga- nikum, VEB Verlag der Wissenschaften, 15. Aufl., Berlin,Classic methods for the production of dialkyl ethers are based on alcohols which are reacted in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid under drastic conditions. The selective preparation of mixed dialkyl ethers is on not possible this way; in addition, olefins are easily formed as undesired by-products by elimination [Organikum, VEB Verlag der Wissenschaften, 15th ed., Berlin,
1977, S.244f].1977, pp.244f].
Von Takana et al. ist aus Tetrahedr. Lett., J29., 1823 (1988) ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Glycerin-tert.Butylether bekannt, bei dem man Glycerinacetal mit dem selbstentzündli¬ chen Trimethylaluminium umsetzt. Dishong et al. beschreiben in J.Am.Chem.Soc. 105, 586 (1983) eine zweistufige Synthese ausgehend von tert.Butanol und dem hoch giftigem Epichlor- hydrin. Montanari und Tundo berichten schließlich in J.Org. Chem. 2, 1298 (1982) über die Herstellung von Glycerin- tert.Butylether durch Umsetzung des nur sehr schwer zugäng¬ lichen ter .Butylglycidylethers mit Ameisensäure.By Takana et al. is from Tetrahedr. Lett., J29., 1823 (1988) discloses a process for the preparation of glycerol tert-butyl ether, in which glycerol acetal is reacted with the self-igniting trimethyl aluminum. Dishong et al. describe in J.Am.Chem.Soc. 105, 586 (1983) a two-step synthesis starting from tert-butanol and the highly toxic epichlorohydrin. Montanari and Tundo finally report in J.Org. Chem. 2, 1298 (1982) on the preparation of glycerol tert-butyl ether by reacting the very difficult to access ter. Butyl glycidyl ether with formic acid.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung bestand somit darin, ein verbesser¬ tes Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyolalkylethern zur Ver¬ fügung zu stellen, das frei von den geschilderten Nachtei¬ len ist.The object of the invention was therefore to provide an improved process for the preparation of polyolalkyl ethers which is free from the disadvantages described.
Beschreibung der ErfindungDescription of the invention
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyolalkylethern, bei dem man Polyhydroxyverbindungen, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe, die von a ) Alkylenglycolen , b) Glycerin, c) Oligoglycerinen, d) Trimethylolpropan, e) Pentaerythrit, f) 1,12-Dodecandiol und g) SorbitThe invention relates to a process for the preparation of polyolalkyl ethers, in which polyhydroxy compounds selected from the group consisting of a) Alkylene glycols, b) glycerol, c) oligoglycerols, d) trimethylolpropane, e) pentaerythritol, f) 1,12-dodecanediol and g) sorbitol
gebildet wird, in Gegenwart von sauren Katalysatoren bei Tem peraturen von 50 bis 120°C und Drücken von 5 bis 25 bar mi Olefinen der Formel (I) umsetzt,is formed in the presence of acidic catalysts at temperatures from 50 to 120 ° C. and pressures from 5 to 25 bar with olefins of the formula (I),
R2R2
I R1-C=CH2 (I)IR 1 -C = CH2 (I)
in der R1 für einen linearen oder verzweigten Alkylrest mit bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen und R^ für Wasserstoff oder ebenfall einen Alkylrest mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen steht.in which R 1 is a linear or branched alkyl radical having up to 6 carbon atoms and R ^ is hydrogen or likewise an alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
Überraschenderweise wurde gefunden, daß sich Polyhydroxyver bindungen mit kurzkettigen alpha-Olefinen in Gegenwar schwach saurer Katalysatoren unter milden Reaktionsbeding ungen und in hohen Ausbeuten verethern lassen.Surprisingly, it was found that polyhydroxy compounds with short-chain alpha-olefins can be etherified in the presence of weakly acidic catalysts under mild reaction conditions and in high yields.
Unter Alkylenglycolen sind in diesem Zusammenhang Ethylen glycol, Propylenglycol und deren höhere Homologen mit eine durchschnittlichen Kondensationsgrad von 2 bis 12 zu verste hen. Ol goglycerine, die im Sinne des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens als Polyhydroxyverbindungen in Betracht kommen, stellen Ei- genkondensationsprodukte des Glycerins dar und können eben¬ falls einen durchschnittlichen Kondensationsgrad von 2 bis 5 aufweisen.In this context, alkylene glycols are understood to mean ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and their higher homologues with an average degree of condensation of 2 to 12. Olgoglycerols which are suitable as polyhydroxy compounds in the process according to the invention are self-condensation products of glycerol and may also have an average degree of condensation of 2 to 5.
Typische Beispiele für kurzkettige Olefine, die im Sinne des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens eingesetzt werden können, sind Propen sowie die isomeren Butene, Pentene, Hexene, Heptene, Octene und insbesondere Isobuten.Typical examples of short-chain olefins that can be used in the process according to the invention are propene and the isomeric butenes, pentenes, hexenes, heptenes, octenes and in particular isobutene.
Das molare Einsatzverhältnis von Polyhydroxyverbindung und Olefin kann dabei 1 : 1 bis 1 : 10 betragen. Als optimal hat es sich erwiesen, die Reaktionspartner in einem solchen Ver¬ hältnis einzusetzen, daß auf jeweils ein Mol Hydroxylgruppen in der Polyhydroxyverbindung 1,1 bis 2 Mol Olefin entfällt.The molar ratio of polyhydroxy compound and olefin can be 1: 1 to 1:10. It has proven to be optimal to use the reactants in such a ratio that 1.1 to 2 moles of olefin are present per mole of hydroxyl groups in the polyhydroxy compound.
Die sauren Katalysatoren können im Reaktionsgemisch löslich oder unlöslich sein. Typische Beispiele für homogene, lös¬ liche Katalysatoren sind p-Toluolsulfonsäure, Sulfoessig- säure, Sulfobernsteinsäure, Sulfotriacetin und Dodecylbenzol- sulfonsäure.The acidic catalysts can be soluble or insoluble in the reaction mixture. Typical examples of homogeneous, soluble catalysts are p-toluenesulfonic acid, sulfoacetic acid, sulfosuccinic acid, sulfotriacetin and dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid.
Typische Beispiele für unlösliche Katalysatoren sind saure Ionenaustauscher wie etwa Amberlyst(R) 15 oder Dowex(R) 50Wx2. Des weiteren kommen als heterogene Katalysatoren Zeo- lithe in Betracht, die natürlicher oder synthetischer Her¬ kunft sein können. Typische Beispiele sind die natürlich vorkommenden Mineralien Clinoptilolith, Erionit oder Chaba- sit. Bevorzugt sind jedoch synthetische Zeolithe, beispiels¬ weise Zeolith X Na86[(AlO2)86(SiO2)i06] * 264 H2° Zeolith Y Na56[(Al02)56(Siθ2)i36] * 250 H20 Zeolith L K9[ (Al0 )g(Si02) 7] * 22 H20Typical examples of insoluble catalysts are acidic ion exchangers such as Amberlyst ( R ) 15 or Dowex ( R ) 50Wx2. Furthermore, suitable heterogeneous catalysts are zeolites, which can be of natural or synthetic origin. Typical examples are the naturally occurring minerals clinoptilolite, erionite or chabasis. However, synthetic zeolites are preferred, for example Zeolite X Na 86 [(AlO 2 ) 86 (SiO 2 ) i06] * 264 H 2 ° Zeolite Y Na 56 [(Al0 2 ) 56 (Siθ2) i36] * 250 H 2 0 Zeolite LK 9 [(Al0) g ( Si0 2 ) 7 ] * 22 H 2 0
Mordenit • Nag[ (Al02)β(Si02)4θ] * 24 H20Mordenite • Nag [(Al0 2 ) β (Si0 2 ) 4θ] * 24 H 2 0
und insbesondereand particularly
Zeolith A Na12[(Al02)l2(Si02)12] * 27 H20.Zeolite A Na 12 [(Al0 2 ) l 2 (Si0 2 ) 12 ] * 27 H 2 0.
Die Einsatzmenge der sauren Katalysatoren kann dabei 0,1 bis 3, vorzugsweise 0,5 bis 2 Gew.-% - bezogen auf Polyhydroxy¬ verbindung - betragen.The amount of acidic catalysts used can be 0.1 to 3, preferably 0.5 to 2% by weight, based on the polyhydroxy compound.
Die Umsetzung kann unter milden Reaktionsbedingungen, d. h. bei Temperaturen von 50 bis 120, vorzugsweise 70 bis 90°C und Drücken von 5 bis 25, vorzugsweise 10 bis 15 bar innerhalb von 10 bis 25 h durchgeführt werden. Falls gewünscht, kann das rohe Umsetzungsprodukt anschließend destillativ gereinigt werden, wobei der Einsatz von Kurzweg-, Fallfilm- oder Dünn¬ schichtverdampfern bevorzugt ist.The reaction can be carried out under mild reaction conditions, e.g. H. at temperatures of 50 to 120, preferably 70 to 90 ° C and pressures of 5 to 25, preferably 10 to 15 bar within 10 to 25 hours. If desired, the crude reaction product can then be purified by distillation, the use of short-path, falling-film or thin-film evaporators being preferred.
Gewerbliche AnwendbarkeitIndustrial applicability
Die nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren erhältlichen Polyolalkylether können als Lösungsmittel bzw. Lösungsver¬ mittler, beispielsweise in Reinigungsmitteln, Farben und Lacken sowie als Treibstoffadditive zur Verbesserung der Klopffestigkeit von Ottomotorenbenzin eingesetzt werden. Die folgenden Beispiele sollen den Gegenstand der Erfindun näher erläutern, ohne ihn darauf einzuschränken. The polyol alkyl ethers obtainable by the process according to the invention can be used as solvents or solubilizers, for example in cleaning agents, paints and varnishes, and as fuel additives to improve the knock resistance of gasoline petrol. The following examples are intended to illustrate the subject matter of the invention without restricting it.
BeispieleExamples
Beispiel 1;Example 1;
In einem 1-1-Autoklaven wurden 98 g (1 mol) Glycerin und 760 mg (2 mmol) p-Toluolsulfonsäure vorgelegt und bei einer Tem¬ peratur von 90°C und einem Druck von 10 bar mit 268 g (4,8 mol) Isobuten umgesetzt. Nach einer Reaktionszeit von 1 h wurde der Reaktor abgekühlt und entspannt. Es wurden 216 g Glycerin-tert.Butylether erhalten, in dem noch geringe Mengen gelöstes Isobuten enthalten waren.98 g (1 mol) of glycerol and 760 mg (2 mmol) of p-toluenesulfonic acid were placed in a 1-1 autoclave and at a temperature of 90 ° C. and a pressure of 10 bar with 268 g (4.8 mol ) Implemented isobutene. After a reaction time of 1 h, the reactor was cooled and let down. 216 g of glycerol tert-butyl ether were obtained, which still contained small amounts of dissolved isobutene.
Das Rohprodukt wurde in eine Kurzwegdestillationsapparatur überführt. Bei einer Manteltemperatur von 200°C und einem verminderten Druck von 0.001 mbar wurden 164,8 g eines klaren Destillats und 44,5 g gelbgefärbten Sumpfproduktes erhalten. Die Zusammensetzung der Fraktionen ist Tab.l zu entnehmen.The crude product was transferred to a short path distillation apparatus. 164.8 g of a clear distillate and 44.5 g of a yellow-colored bottom product were obtained at a jacket temperature of 200 ° C. and a reduced pressure of 0.001 mbar. The composition of the fractions is shown in Tab. 1.
Tab.1; Zusammensetzung der FraktionenTab. 1; Group composition
Beispiel 2 : Example 2:
Beispiel 1 wurde unter Einsatz von 1 g saurem Ionenaustau¬ scher (Amberlyst(R) , Fa.Fluka) wiederholt, der nach Abschluß der Reaktion abfiltriert wurde. Die Zusammensetzung des Gly¬ cerin-tert.Butylethers nach der Destillation ist in Tab.2 zusammengefaßt:Example 1 was repeated using 1 g of acidic ion exchanger (Amberlyst ( R ), Fluka), which was filtered off after the reaction had ended. The composition of the glycerol tert-butyl ether after the distillation is summarized in Table 2:
Tab.2: Zusammensetzung der FraktionenTab. 2: Composition of the fractions
Beispiel 3 ;Example 3;
Beispiel 1 wurden unter Einsatz von 120 g (1 mol) Trimethy- lolpropan und 1 g Sulfobernsteinsaure wiederholt. Die Zusam¬ mensetzung des Trimethylolpropan-tert.Butylethers nach der Destillation ist in Tab.3 zusammengefaßt:Example 1 was repeated using 120 g (1 mol) of trimethylolpropane and 1 g of sulfosuccinic acid. The composition of the trimethylolpropane tert-butyl ether after the distillation is summarized in Table 3:
Tab.3: Zusammensetzung der FraktionenTab. 3: Composition of the fractions
Beispiel 4 :Example 4:
Beispiel 1 wurden unter Einsatz von 136 g (1 mol) Pentaery- thrit, 336 g (6 mol) Isobuten und 1,5 g Dodecylbenzolsul- fonsäure wiederholt. Die Zusammensetzung des Pentaerythrit- ter .Butylethers nach der Destillation ist in Tab.4 zusam¬ mengefaßt:Example 1 was repeated using 136 g (1 mol) of pentaerythritol, 336 g (6 mol) of isobutene and 1.5 g of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid. The composition of the pentaerythritol butyl ether after the distillation is summarized in Table 4:
Tab.4: Zusammensetzung der FraktionenTab. 4: Composition of the fractions

Claims

Paten ansprüche Godfather claims
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyolalkylethern, bei dem man Polyhydroxyverbindungen, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe, die von1. A process for the preparation of polyol alkyl ethers, in which polyhydroxy compounds selected from the group consisting of
) Alkylenglycolen, b) Glycerin, c) Oligoglycerinen, d) Trimethylolpropan, e) Pentaerythrit, f) 1,12-Dodecandiol und g) Sorbit) Alkylene glycols, b) glycerol, c) oligoglycerols, d) trimethylolpropane, e) pentaerythritol, f) 1,12-dodecanediol and g) sorbitol
gebildet wird, in Gegenwart von sauren Katalysatoren bei Temperaturen von 50 bis 120°C und Drücken von 5 bis 25 bar mit Olefinen der Formel (I) umsetzt,is formed in the presence of acidic catalysts at temperatures from 50 to 120 ° C. and pressures from 5 to 25 bar with olefins of the formula (I),
RR
I I
in der R* für einen linearen oder verzweigten Alkylrest mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen und R für Wasserstoff oder ebenfalls für einen Alkylrest mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoff¬ atomen steht.in which R * represents a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and R represents hydrogen or likewise an alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man als Olefin Isobuten einsetzt. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that isobutene is used as the olefin.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man im Reaktionsgemisch lösliche saure Katalysatoren ausgewählt aus der Gruppe, die von p-Toluolsulfonsäure, Sulfoessigsäure, Sulfobernsteinsaure, Sulfotriacetin und Dodecylbenzolsulfonsäure gebildet wird, einsetzt.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the reaction mixture soluble acidic catalysts selected from the group consisting of p-toluenesulfonic acid, sulfoacetic acid, sulfosuccinic acid, sulfotriacetin and dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid are used.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man im Reaktionsgemisch unlösliche saure Ionenaustauscher oder Zeolithe als Katalysatoren einsetzt.4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that insoluble acidic ion exchangers or zeolites are used as catalysts in the reaction mixture.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die Polyhydroxyverbindungen und die Olefine im mola¬ ren Verhältnis von 1 : 1 bis 1 : 10 einsetzt.5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the polyhydroxy compounds and the olefins are used in a molar ratio of 1: 1 to 1:10.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die sauren Katalysatoren in Mengen von 0,1 bis 3 Gew.-% - bezogen auf Polyhydroxyverbindung - einsetzt. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that one uses the acidic catalysts in amounts of 0.1 to 3 wt .-% - based on polyhydroxy compound.
EP93915718A 1992-07-06 1993-06-28 Method of preparing polyol alkyl ethers Withdrawn EP0650470A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19924222183 DE4222183A1 (en) 1992-07-06 1992-07-06 Process for the preparation of polyalkyl ethers
DE4222183 1992-07-06
PCT/EP1993/001643 WO1994001389A1 (en) 1992-07-06 1993-06-28 Method of preparing polyol alkyl ethers

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EP0649829B1 (en) * 1993-10-15 1999-01-20 Fina Research S.A. Process for the production of glycerol ethers
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