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EP0644913A1 - Produit recycle contenant de la resine renforcee par fibres, procede et dispositif - Google Patents

Produit recycle contenant de la resine renforcee par fibres, procede et dispositif

Info

Publication number
EP0644913A1
EP0644913A1 EP19930912514 EP93912514A EP0644913A1 EP 0644913 A1 EP0644913 A1 EP 0644913A1 EP 19930912514 EP19930912514 EP 19930912514 EP 93912514 A EP93912514 A EP 93912514A EP 0644913 A1 EP0644913 A1 EP 0644913A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reinforced resin
fibre reinforced
binder
aggregate
dry
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19930912514
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Richard D. Baker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0644913A1 publication Critical patent/EP0644913A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/16—Waste materials; Refuse from building or ceramic industry
    • C04B18/167—Recycled materials, i.e. waste materials reused in the production of the same materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/0026—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
    • C04B18/022—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates agglomerated by an organic binder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/18—Waste materials; Refuse organic
    • C04B18/20—Waste materials; Refuse organic from macromolecular compounds
    • C04B18/22—Rubber, e.g. ground waste tires
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
    • C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
    • C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
    • C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
    • C08J11/06—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers without chemical reactions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
    • C04B2111/00129—Extrudable mixtures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/659—Including an additional nonwoven fabric
    • Y10T442/673—Including particulate material other than fiber
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/674—Nonwoven fabric with a preformed polymeric film or sheet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a recycled fibre reinforced resin containing product, in particular to a product containing a substantial proportion of recycled waste fibre reinforced resin product, and to a method of forming such products, and to apparatus for forming such products.
  • BACKGROUND ART Glass fibre reinforced resin products are in wide use for many purposes. This form of synthetic plastic material is attractive from many points of view. It may be fabricated into attractive intricate shapes. It may be moulded in very large shapes. It has great inherent strength and durability, and is weather resistant. The uses of this type of fibre reinforced resin (FRP) products are too numerous to even mention.
  • Waste material is produced in almost every case, by marginal portions or fringes of the material which extend around the edges of the mould and must be trimmed away. Some moulded articles are imperfect and must be rejected. Articles even of FRP, eventually are likely to wear out or become discarded.
  • waste products are available which, while being less damaging to the environment, are nonetheless a problem from the aspect of simple disposal.
  • waste materials such as concrete, glass, crushed stone, sand blasting materials foundry slag and the like.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a new product, and method, for using recycled FRP pieces which uses relatively large amounts of FRP and relatively low amount of resin.
  • the invention provides a solution to the foregoing problems, by the provision of a recycled fibre reinforced resin containing product comprising a dry pre- ix of a quantity of recycled fibre reinforced resin material of random shape and dimensions, mixed together with a quantity of granular aggregate material, which is then combined with a binder, in which said fibre reinforced resin and said aggregate are intermixed being selected from materials having an initially plastic state, and said binder materials being thereafter hardenable into a hard mass.
  • the binder materials are not more than-about 25%, and preferably 20% or less, by volume of the recycled fibre reinforced resin and aggregate materials.
  • the invention further comprises such a recycled fibre reinforced resin containing product, wherein the recycled fibre reinforced resin material include flakes formed as shredded portions of larger fibre reinforced resin products, having a length and breadth of between about 2 to 8 inches, and having a thickness equal to about the thickness of said fibre reinforced resin containing product.
  • the invention further comprises such a recycled fibre reinforced resin containing product and wherein said recycled fibre reinforced resin material include a quantity of fibre reinforced resin particles having a particle size of between about 1/8 of an inch and 1/2 of an inch.
  • the invention further comprises such a recycled fibre reinforced resin containing product wherein said aggregate materials include coarse aggregate granules having a particle size of between about 1/8 of an inch and 1/2 of an inch, and fine aggregate granules having a particle size of 1/32 inch or less, and are present in the dry mixture in a quantity in excess by volume of that of said fibre reinforced resin pieces.
  • the invention further comprises such a recycled fibre reinforced resin containing product wherein T:he aggregate materials are selected from a group of waste materials comprising crushed stone, crushed masonry, crushed slag, blasting materials, crushed concrete, stone and crushed glass.
  • the invention further comprises a premixed dry material for combination with a binder to form a compressible thin core layer for a panel.
  • the premixed material comprises fibre reinforced resin scrap material ground into particles having dimension of between about 1/8 and 1/2 inch, course aggregate materials having dimension of between about 1/8 and 1/2 inch, and fine aggregate material having dimension of between about 1/8 and 1/2 inch, in the following proportion, by volume:
  • the invention further comprises a method of manufacturing a recycled fibre reinforced resin containing product and comprising the steps of adding about 20% to 40% by volume of fibre reinforced resin particles, adding about 40% to about 70% by volume of aggregate material, mixing said fibre reinforced resin particles to said aggregate material in a dry state, formulating a binder in a plastic state of not more than about 25% by volume and preferably 20% or less, and mixing said binder while in its plastic state with said fibre reinforced resin particles and said aggregate material.
  • the invention further comprises a method of manufacturing a recycled fibre reinforced resin containing product and comprising the steps of shredding recycled fibre reinforced resin materials into a plurality of fibre reinforced resin flakes, forming granular aggregate material, and mixing said aggregate granules with said fibre reinforced resin flakes in a dry state, formulating a binder material in a plastic state, and, mixing said binder material while in its plastic state with said dry mix of said fibre reinforced resin flakes and said aggregate _granules.
  • the binder materials are not more than about 25%, and preferably 20% or less, of the recycled fibre reinforced resin containing product.
  • the invention further comprises a method of manufacturing a recycled fibre reinforced resin containing product as described and further including the step of further reducing a proportion of said fibre reinforced resin pieces, into fibre reinforced resin particles having an average size of between about 1/8 inch and 1/2 inch, and mixing same with said fibre reinforced resin flakes, while in a dry state.
  • the invention further comprises such a method of making a recycled fibre reinforced resin containing product and including the step of shredding fibre reinforced resin pieces into flakes of between 2 and 8 inches in length and breadth, and having a thickness substantially equal to no more than about the thickness of said fibre reinforced resin material, forming coarse aggregate granules with a granule size of between about 1/8 of an inch and 1/2 of an inch and fine aggregate granules having a particle size of 1/32 inch or less, and mixing said aggregate granules with said fibre reinforced resin pieces, wherein the proportions of the aggregate materials, by volume in said dry mix is greater than that of said fibre reinforced resin pieces.
  • the invention further comprises a method of forming a recycled fibre reinforced resin containing product and wherein the step of formulating said binder comprises step of mixing a first plastic binder component with a second binder component, whereby to initiate a chemical reaction in said binder material, whereby the same changes from said plastic state to a solid state.
  • the invention further comprises a method of making a recycled fibre reinforced resin containing product and in which said step of formulating said binder material comprises the steps of mixing a dry granular binder material with a liquid to provide a binder formulation in a plastic state, said binder formulation thereafter hardening into a solid hard mass.
  • the invention further comprises apparatus for manufacturing a recycled fibre reinforced resin containing product and comprising shredder means operable to shred fibre reinforced resin pieces into a random sized flakes of fibre reinforced resin material ⁇ aggregate supply means for supplying granular aggregate material, dry mixer means for receiving said fibre reinforced resin flakes and said granular aggregate material and intermixing the same, binder supply means for supplying a binder in a plastic state, binder mixer means for receiving said fibre reinforced resin flakes and said aggregate and said binder material in a plastic state, and operable to intermix the same, and, ejection means for ejecting said material while in a plastic state.
  • shredder means operable to shred fibre reinforced resin pieces into a random sized flakes of fibre reinforced resin material
  • aggregate supply means for supplying granular aggregate material
  • dry mixer means for receiving said fibre reinforced resin flakes and said granular aggregate material and intermixing the same
  • binder supply means for supplying a binder in a plastic state
  • binder mixer means for receiving said fibre reinforced resin flakes
  • the invention further comprises apparatus for manufacturing such a recycled fibre reinforced resin containing product and further including granulating means for receiving said fibre reinforced resin flakes, and further reducing same to fibre reinforced resin particles having an average size of between about 1/8 inch and 1/2 inch.
  • the invention further comprises such apparatus, and wherein said dry mixer means includes a dry mixer chamber having an upstream and downstream end, means for admitting said fibre reinforced resin pieces at said upstream end, and, aggregate conveyor means receiving aggregate from said aggregate supply means, and progressively metering same into said dry mixing chamber for mixing with said fibre reinforced resin pieces.
  • said dry mixer means includes a dry mixer chamber having an upstream and downstream end, means for admitting said fibre reinforced resin pieces at said upstream end, and, aggregate conveyor means receiving aggregate from said aggregate supply means, and progressively metering same into said dry mixing chamber for mixing with said fibre reinforced resin pieces.
  • the invention further comprises such an apparatus and wherein said binder supply means comprising first component container means, second component container means, component mixing means for receiving such first and second components, and mixing them in predetermined quantities, whereby to maintain a preset predetermined ratio, and means for supplying said two components to said binder mixer means.
  • said binder supply means comprising first component container means, second component container means, component mixing means for receiving such first and second components, and mixing them in predetermined quantities, whereby to maintain a preset predetermined ratio, and means for supplying said two components to said binder mixer means.
  • the invention further comprises such an apparatus wherein said binder mixer means comprises an elongated mixing chamber, and auger means rotatably mounted within said chamber, and motor means for operating the same, whereby to progressively force said dry mix and said binder in said plastic state, through said chamber, and simultaneously intermix the same into an homogenous mixture.
  • Figure 1 is a general schematic block diagram illustrating the various stages in the method in accordance with the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a section of a typical product illustrating one mode of usage for certain articles, which are made of the material produced in accordance with the method of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic sectional illustration of a laminated product formulated in accordance with the invention illustrated in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3A is a schematic sectional illustration of a laminated product formulated in accordance with Example 4;
  • Figure 4 is a perspective illustration in somewhat schematic form, showing an apparatus for carrying out the method of the invention of Figure 1, and,
  • Figure 5 is a block diagram of a typical manufacturing process using the material of the invention. MODES OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
  • waste FRP materials which are either waste, or rejects, or are surplus or discarded materials, for whatever reason.
  • Other waste materials are also of utility in the invention, as described below.
  • the length of the FRP reinforcing fibres is one of the factors contributing to the strength of the final article.
  • some products are made of what are known as glass fibre rovings. These are simple bundles of glass fibres, which are arranged throughout the laminate layer, usually along more or less parallel axes.
  • Other articles use glass fibres woven into a loose cloth. These articles possess considerable lengths of glass fibres, which extend at right angles. These glass fibre mat materials are more expensive, and are used only where greater expense is justified.
  • FRP products are produced, where the glass fibres are simply chopped up into relatively short lengths, and applied to or mixed with the wet resin, as a mat. These products are somewhat lower in cost.
  • the practice is to use a combination of different forms of fibre reinforced resin materials in a single article, in different layers or laminations.
  • Such articles are usually manufactured by applying them to the surface of a mould, to which has been applied a layer of so called "gelcoat", which is another form of synthetic material providing an exterior finish. Once such articles have cured, there is usually some surplus marginal portion of the article around the edge of the mould, which must be trimmed off in a finishing operation. These trimmed portions are then simply waste.
  • An article once out of the mould may be defective for some reason, and is rejected.
  • FRP articles may become surplus. Old items are discarded, either being unsaleable inventory of old products, or for example being products which are no longer required by their customers. In other cases FRP products may become damaged in use. Repairing FRP is expensive and not always satisfactory. There is a high rate of discard of damaged articles. This is true both in automotive and marine FRP products. Manufacturers of basic resins and fibres not infrequently produce product which is off specifications, and unsaleable. These products also are waste.
  • a FRP supply is indicated generally as 10 which can represent any source of waste FRP material such as is described above.
  • a primary shredder is indicated generally as 12.
  • the shredder is of a type known in the art for example in the automotive disposal art, and is capable of accepting very large articles, and reducing them to chunks or pieces of in the region of for example 2 to 4 to 8 inches in length and width.
  • Such shredder machinery is available from a variety of manufacturers.
  • One form particularly suitable for the practice of the invention is manufactured by SHRED-TECH of Cambridge, Ontario, Canada. It will be appreciated that the waste FRP products to which the invention relates may be relatively small offcuts cut off around the edge of a moulded product, which may be only a few inches wide and a few feet long.
  • the products may be entire articles, which have for some reason become rejects. Such articles may be many feet in length and breadth.
  • the waste FRP material to be recycled is first reduced to flakes of a size of somewhere about 2 to 3, and 6 to 8 inches in length and breadth.
  • the thickness of such FRP products is not a significant factor, since they are usually made relatively thin, to take advantages of the properties of the FRP materials themselves.
  • the shredded flakes or chunks will usually therefore have the same thickness as the original article.
  • Equipment of this type will also handle waste FRP products of a wide variety of sizes, and essentially tear the waste products apart, and shred them down to a size in which they consist essentially of flakes or chunks of material of about 2 to 3, and 6 to 8 inches in length and breadth.
  • Such flakes may be used in many products as described below. In certain other products however it is desirable to reduce the FRP flakes down to a coarse granular product. This is carried out in a grinder 14.
  • FRP particles reduced down to below 1 inch in size by what is essentially a coarse grinding process will have less of the valuable original properties of FRP remaining. Consequently, if they are incorporated, alone, into an end product, they will not afford much strength to the product. This however is contemplated in one example of the invention, described below.
  • the invention is directed to working with FRP waste materials which have been shredded down to pieces or flakes in the region of between 2 to 3, and 6 to 8 inches in length and breadth, or considerably greater dimensions in some cases, and also to FRP waste materials which have been subjected to further grinding or reduction of the flakes down to the smaller particle size described above, i.e. between about 1/8 and 1/2 inch, for certain products, for use with, or without such flakes where suitable to the end product.
  • Such FRP flakes have the advantage that the process of tearing the original FRP articles apart to reduce them to this size is not such as to produce a rapid destruction of the shredding machinery.
  • the flakes which result from this shredding stage still retain substantial properties for which FRP products are justly desirable.
  • the use of particles which have been produced by a further grinding of the flakes down to the smaller particle size described, is advantageous in some circumstances as described below, and enables the waste FRP materials to be used for their bulk, in the smaller particle sizes, as fillers.
  • waste FRP materials the greatest use may be made of the waste FRP materials, so that this relatively inexpensive waste raw material may be reused in an advantageous manner to make a variety of useful end products in the manner described below, and to avoid allowing such waste materials to be simply dumped into the environment.
  • the specific design of the apparatus in which the shredding stage, and the grinding stage if required, is carried on does not form part of the invention.
  • Such equipment is available from others in a variety of forms , as described above.
  • the invention is not limited or restricted in any way to any one form of shredding and/or grinding equipment. It will now be understood that the invention is applicable both to the use of FRP products which have been shredded or separated down to flakes of the type described and also to such flakes which are ground down to a coarse particulate material.
  • the shredding procedure is usually the first step in the processing of the FRP waste products in accordance with most embodiments of the invention to provide a useful recycled end product in the manner described below.
  • shredded FRP pieces may, in this embodiment, be passed typically in batches, for storage in a container (or containers) indicated generally as 16. Batch storage of such materials is particularly suitable for practising the invention. In this way it is possible to operate the shredder ⁇ E£> shred large quantities of FRP articles, and then to simply store such quantities, so that they are available when required for further processing in accordance with the invention.
  • a mobile shredder and in some cases a mobile grinder as well can travel from one site to another to treat waste FRP "on site", and reduce it down to shredded pieces (or granules) .
  • the material will then be ready for transportation in an economical manner.
  • the invention is equally applicable to continuous operation of the shredder in conjunction with the remaining steps yet to be described.
  • Figure 1 thus illustrates a FRP granulator or grinder 14 connected to FRP supply 12, by a conveyor or the like (not shown) , for receiving shredded material from, for example, shredder 12 (or containers 16) .
  • FRP particles will typically be conveyed to a particle storage container (or containers) 18.
  • a particle storage container or containers
  • the aggregate containers will supply a variety of granular aggregate materials for mixture in accordance with the invention with the FRP materials.
  • Such aggregate materials may, as will be described below, be of a wide variety of types.
  • some of the aggregate materials are simply coarse granules of waste materials, such as glass products, such as have been disposed of in domestic and industrial waste recycling programs. Large quantities of such waste recycled glass materials exist, for which little or no use may be available, depending upon the type of glass, and the degree of contamination. However such materials are easily broken down into granules.
  • Such aggregates will have a dimension in the region of between for example one eighth and one half of an inch.
  • the invention is not restricted to aggregates of glass material, nor to aggregates of this size, but is of much wider application, as will be apparent from the following description. Finer aggregate granules, down to 1/32 inch or less are used in combination with the coarse aggregate, as will appear from the examples herein.
  • the various aggregate materials from containers 20 are supplied by means of metering auger conveyors 22 to the hopper 24 having partitions 26.
  • Hopper 24 supplies the aggregate materials, usually a mix of such aggregate materials, to a belt conveyor 28.
  • hopper 24 has metering slides 30 (Fig. 4) to regulate the proportions of aggregates in the mix.
  • the augers are operated by motors 3 ⁇ 2 and they can be speed controlled so that they themselves meter the quantities of the aggregates reaching conveyor 28. In this case the slides 30 may not be necessary.
  • Belt conveyor 28 carries the mix of aggregates to a dry mixer 34.
  • FRP flakes are supplied from container 16 by a metering auger 38 to an upper region of dry mixer 34.
  • Motor 40 drives auger 38, and meters the quantity supplied.
  • FRP particles are supplied from a container 18 to a hopper 44.
  • Motor 45 drives an auger 46 for the purpose, and will also be controllable.
  • a transverse auger 48 supplies G.R.P. particles from hopper 44 to a lower region of dry mixer 34 before the introduction of the binder.
  • the dry mixer 34 is essentially a hollow chamber in which all the raw materials are simply tumbled and loosely mixed in the dry state. This combined dry mix may be referred to as the Pre-Mix, ready for later combination with a binder.
  • binder material is a mixture of a typical resin plastic and catalyst system, of the type in use in the fabrication of FRP articles.
  • the binder and catalyst not be intermixed until just prior to their combination with the dry ingredients to prevent premature curing. Such binder material, will progressively harden, as it cures, into a solid mass.
  • the binder mixer is another generally transverse auger 50 driven by motor 52, and connected to the dry mixer 34 by pipe 53 in order to receive the homogeneous dry Pre-Mix mixture of FRP waste material, and aggregate so that this dry Pre-Mix mixture may then be mixed with the binder material while in its plastic phase.
  • the binder is in a plastic state, and is intimately mixed with the dry Pre-Mix mixture by the mixer auger 50. This mixture exits from nozzle 54, still in a semi-plastic state.
  • This material M comprises the basic raw material product manufactured in the accordance with the invention. As the binder cures and hardens the entire mixture will solidify into a hard homogenous mass.
  • Suitable sensing devices will be located where required, being connected to a central CPU station 56, where the various different stages of the process may be controlled and varied as required.
  • binder materials may be employed.
  • One particularly useful form of binder material will itself be a two component system consisting of a polyester resin material and a catalyst, similar to the two component systems used in the FRP art.
  • a binder system would be supplied essentially in the manner illustrated in Figure 4.
  • Figure 4 there is illustrated a resin container 60, and a catalyst container 62, connected to suitable metering pumps 64 and 66 connected to the containers for pumping metered quantities of resin and catalyst respectively to the static resin mixer 68.
  • suitable metering pumps 64 and 66 connected to the containers for pumping metered quantities of resin and catalyst respectively to the static resin mixer 68.
  • Pumps 64 and 66 are connected between upper and lower levers 70-70 operated by cylinder 72. Precisely metered proportions of resin and catalyst can be pumped in this way.
  • the mixture can be expected to-have a relatively high strength, notwithstanding that it is made up largely of waste or recycled materials.
  • a two component epoxy system may be employed.
  • a first component a second component are mixed, typically being of equal proportions.
  • the nature of the two pumps is such that the quantities supplied can be carefully metered and regulated so as to maintain the specifications laid down by the manufacturer of the raw materials.
  • the aggregate materials as defined herein are of larger particle size, than filler materials heretofore in general use in FRP products.
  • the aggregate materials of the invention may comprise a wide variety of materials.
  • such materials will be selected from one or more of a variety of waste materials.
  • waste materials may include sand blasting aggregates, ground glass, crushed stone aggregates, and waste building materials such as crushed brick, and crushed concrete and cement and mortar materials, and crushed foundry slag. This list is however merely representative of typical waste material, and is without limitation and is not intended to be an exhaustive list.
  • some of the granular aggregate materials should have a size which is relatively substantial and coarse, that is to say somewhere between l/8th of an inch and about 1/2 of an inch. Finer aggregates such as sand blasting material foundry slag and the like are also incorporated, having a smaller granular size, down to 1/32 inch or less.
  • the dimensions should be by reference typically to a screen size, so that in processing such aggregates, they will be crushed and/or coarsely ground down to the appropriate particle size, to pass a screen of the appropriate dimensions.
  • both coarse and fine aggregate materials are used, as will appear from the following examples.
  • the potlife of the combined mixture will depend largely upon the nature of the binder material, and may vary from an hour or two, to upwards of 24 hours or so. It will thus be appreciated that the material dispensed from the nozzle may be applied in many different ways and for many different uses and applications.
  • the material from the nozzle may simply be loaded into vehicles, somewhat like concrete transporting vehicles, and transported to a site. At a site it may be used for laying a floor, or for laying footings for a building. In this type of application the only form work required would be similar to that used in connection with concrete forming. Depending upon the nature of the binder material used, some form of release agent may have to be applied to the surface of the form work, so as to ensure that the form work may readily be removed for curing or in same cases it may simply be left in place.
  • a cement type product modified to give certain specific properties
  • a modified method would be used, in which, the binder supply system would comprise a container, typically for containing modified cement powder in dry form, and a - cement/water mixer connected to receive the powdered cement type material from the container.
  • the FRP flakes, with or without the admixture of a proportion of FRP particles, and granular aggregates would be mixed, as before, and the mixture of FRP materials and aggregates would then be mixed with the cement binder, to produce the end mixture M, being extruded from the nozzle.
  • Products produced in accordance with this method might have properties producing a somewhat lower strength for some purposes than products produced in accordance with the methods using two-component resin or epoxy systems described above. Such products might be entirely adequate however for many purposes, as a replacement for concrete. Products used in this way would have advantages over concrete in that they would essentially provide a permanent disposal of otherwise potentially harmful waste products such as FRP, ground glass and the like, and would avoid the filling of landfill sites with such harmful products. At the same time, cement binder products of this type if used in place of concrete would reduce the consumption of stone aggregates, thereby reducing the damage done to the ecology resulting from the operation of gravel pits and the like.
  • the recycled fibre reinforced resin containing product comprises about 20% to about 40% by volume of FRP waste material, about 40% to about 70% by volume of aggregate material, and a binder of not more than about 25% by volume and preferably 20% or less.
  • this material When sandwiched between two, thin, high strength FRP laminates, this material produces an extremely flat, strong, light weight panel, which, when combined with proprietary coating methods, may be made to reproduce a variety of natural building products:
  • Example #1 The difference between this Example and Example #1, is the exclusion of FRP flakes, in order to allow the core material to be sandwiched as thin as one quarter inch.
  • This material utilizes a variety of raw materials in order to produce fire-resistance. Due to the low resin percentage, the material requires vibration or pressurization in order to densify and remove air voids. It has been developed particularly for restoration of old buildings, building facades, especially highly decorative, ornamental details. Not all building codes require this fire resistant feature, and example #1 can be used as a substitute.
  • Example #4 Fire Resistant Building Products - Type B 30% + 15% + 15% + + + 15% +
  • This material can be laminated or cast into a solid, high-density, high-strength, concrete-like material, but it is non-porous, and non-absorbent.
  • Material may be simply deposited in any suitable type of form where laid upon the ground, to provide foundations, footings, floorings and the like in the manner of concrete.
  • various forms of articles can themselves be actually fabricated out of the material M.
  • building blocks similar to cement based building blocks, can be fabricated out of the material of the invention.
  • the material M in accordance with the invention will have a much higher compressive strength than the typical cement based material used for building blocks. Consequently it will be possible to fabricate building blocks B (Fig. 2) containing a lesser quantity of the material. This will have the effect of reducing the overall weight of a building structure made of such blocks, and also enable incorporation of greater volumes of dead air spaces for insulation, and may also lead to the production of a building having a greater durability and resistance to heat transfer and the like.
  • exterior finishing panels and building structures for the finishing of building exteriors.
  • exterior finishing panels and building structures usually again involves the use of cement or concrete type products, formed into slabs to provide the exterior of a building. It is well know that such precast slabs have a very considerable weight, and impose a substantial load on a building structure and i & fittings.
  • the method by which they are secured to the building structure must be such as to provide for security of the attachment of the considerable weight of each panel for the entire life of the building.
  • such concrete slabs or panels can be replaced by exterior building panels P fabricated out of the material M together with laminate layers L.
  • This will enable panels to be made considerably thinner than conventional concrete panels, and since the material in itself has a lower specific gravity than concrete, the overall weight of the panels will be substantially reduced. This will enable such panels to be made in larger sections, and will enable greater variation in the form of the design of the panels for buildings.
  • FIG. 5 By way of example, one method by means of which the material in accordance with invention may be fabricated into a useful product, is shown in Figure 5, in schematic form.
  • a mould or form is indicated schematically at various stages in the production cycle.
  • the mould may be of a shape and design to produce an exterior building panel, although this is merely by way of example.
  • Such moulds are well known to the person skilled in the art and require no illustration.
  • the mould is subjected to cleaning and polishing.
  • a layer of gelcoat is applied to the surface of the mould.
  • This gelcoat will in fact to be exterior finish of the panel. Consequently, if some finish other than a smooth typical FRP finish is required on the panel then that finish material will also be added. For example, if it is desired to produce the appearance of a fine crushed stone or aggregate appearance on the exterior of the panel, then that material would be mixed with the gelcoat and applied to the mould as a first layer in position 132.
  • a lining layer of glass fibre matting and resin is laid in position over the gelcoat.
  • the purpose of this additional layer is to provide greater strength for the exterior of the panel, and to provide a secure support for the gelcoat.
  • the mixture M in accordance with the invention is deposited in the mould, on the wet glass fibre mat layer. The purpose of this is to provide a solid backing to the panel, and to give a substantial thickness for rigidity, strength, and longevity.
  • any suitable form of anchoring devices such as metal lugs (not shown) such as are well known in the art, may be inserted and embedded in the mixture. These lugs are placed in suitable locations where they would be required for anchoring the panel to a building fabric.
  • the panel is allowed to cure at position 140. At position 142, the panel is removed and trimmed. At position 144, the finished panel is inspected and at position 148 is then made ready for shipping or storage. The empty mould is then returned to position 130 for cleaning and preparation for moulding a further panel.
  • Position 148 represents an information gathering stage in the process, whereby the panel may be indexed and numbered for inventory and eontrol purposes. This may be particularly important where a variety of different panels are being fabricated for a building structure, and it is necessary to give them each a specific unique identifying numeral, so that they may be erected in the correct position.
  • FRP wastes can be used in much higher proportions and in larger particle sizes than was possible in the past.
  • the invention remains substantially unaffected by any residues of catalysts present in the waste materials and also unaffected by any contaminants or oxidizing agents in the other aggregate materials.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
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  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)

Abstract

Produit recyclé contenant de la résine renforcée par fibres et comportant un mélange sec d'une certaine quantité de matériaux recyclés de résine renforcée par fibres mélangés avec une certaine quantité de matériaux sous forme d'un agrégat granulaire, ledit mélange sec étant combiné à un liant coulant, dans lequel la résine renforcée par fibres et l'agrégat granulaire sont mélangés intimement, le liant étant sélectionné à partir de matériaux possédant un état plastique initial et les matériaux du liant étant par la suite durcissable pour former une masse dure. Procédé de fabrication dudit produit recyclé contenant de la résine renforcée par fibres et dispositif servant à fabriquer ledit produit.
EP19930912514 1992-06-09 1993-06-09 Produit recycle contenant de la resine renforcee par fibres, procede et dispositif Withdrawn EP0644913A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US89561692A 1992-06-09 1992-06-09
US895616 1992-06-09
PCT/CA1993/000245 WO1993025609A1 (fr) 1992-06-09 1993-06-09 Produit recycle contenant de la resine renforcee par fibres, procede et dispositif

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EP0644913A1 true EP0644913A1 (fr) 1995-03-29

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US (1) US5681194A (fr)
EP (1) EP0644913A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH07507583A (fr)
AU (1) AU681083B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2137231C (fr)
IL (1) IL105950A0 (fr)
RU (1) RU2127284C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1993025609A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA934053B (fr)
ZW (1) ZW7193A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IL105950A0 (en) 1993-10-20
US5681194A (en) 1997-10-28
CA2137231A1 (fr) 1993-12-23
WO1993025609A1 (fr) 1993-12-23
AU681083B2 (en) 1997-08-21
CA2137231C (fr) 2002-08-20
RU95105248A (ru) 1996-12-27
ZA934053B (en) 1994-03-14
JPH07507583A (ja) 1995-08-24
ZW7193A1 (en) 1993-12-15
AU4303993A (en) 1994-01-04
RU2127284C1 (ru) 1999-03-10

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