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EP0643145B1 - Matériaux à base d'alliages de magnésium, à haute résistance mécanique et procédé de fabrication de ces matériaux - Google Patents

Matériaux à base d'alliages de magnésium, à haute résistance mécanique et procédé de fabrication de ces matériaux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0643145B1
EP0643145B1 EP19940111190 EP94111190A EP0643145B1 EP 0643145 B1 EP0643145 B1 EP 0643145B1 EP 19940111190 EP19940111190 EP 19940111190 EP 94111190 A EP94111190 A EP 94111190A EP 0643145 B1 EP0643145 B1 EP 0643145B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
matrix
phase
high strength
intermetallic compounds
based alloy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19940111190
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0643145A1 (fr
Inventor
Toshisuke Shibata
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
YKK Corp
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YKK Corp
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Publication date
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
    • C22C23/06—Alloys based on magnesium with a rare earth metal as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
    • C22C23/04—Alloys based on magnesium with zinc or cadmium as the next major constituent

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to high strength magnesium-based alloy materials having superior mechanical properties and a method for producing the same.
  • Mg-Al, Mg-Al-Zn, Mg-Th-Zr, Mg-Th-Zn-Zr, Mg-Zn-Zr, Mg-Zn-Zr-RE rare earth element
  • these known alloys have been extensively used as light-weight structural component materials in a wide variety of applications, according to their properties.
  • rapidly solidified materials there are known alloys disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-open No. 3-47,941.
  • WO-A-89/11552 discloses a method of superplastic forming (extrusion, forging, rolling, etc.) of bulk articles which are made by consolidation of the powder of rapidly solidified magnesium base metal alloys consisting essentially of the formula Mg bal Al a Zn b X c , wherein X is at least one element selected from the group consisting of manganese, cerium, neodymium, praseodymium, and yttrium, "a” ranges from about 0 to 15 atom percent, "b” ranges from about 0 to 4 atom percent, “c” ranges from about 0.2 to 3 atom percent, the balance being magnesium and incidental impurities, with the proviso that the sum of aluminum and zinc present ranges from about 2 to 15 atom percent.
  • the alloy used in the known process has a microstructure comprised of a substantially uniform cellular network solid solution phase of a size ranging from 0.2-1.0 ⁇ m together with precipitates of magnesium and aluminum containing intermetallic phases of a size less than 0.5 ⁇ m.
  • magnesium-based alloy materials which have an advantageous combination of properties of high hardness, strength and thermal resistance and which are useful as lightweight and high strength materials (i.e., high specific strength materials) and have a superior ductility.
  • the aforesaid high strength magnesium-based alloy materials are produced by a method comprising:
  • the matrix in the composite structure consists of an Mg matrix having a hexagonal close-packed (hcp) structure and intermetallic compounds consisting of a non-equilibrium phase having a face-centered cubic (hcp) structure and/or other intermetallic compound phases, such as an Mg 12 Nd phase, are finely and uniformly dispersed throughout the matrix .
  • the present invention provides the above-defined high strength magnesium-based alloy materials consisting of a composition represented by the general formula (I) or (II).
  • the ranges of a, b and c are so limited that the above-defined alloy can be obtained with the aforesaid microcrystalline composite structure by industrial rapid cooling techniques, such as liquid quenching.
  • fine hcp-Mg precipitates as a host matrix, and finer intermetallic compounds of a non-equilibrium fcc phase formed from, at least, Mg and Nd and/or Mg 12 Nd phase, etc. are uniformly and finely distributed throughout the hcp-Mg matrix.
  • the intermetallic compounds comprising the non-equilibrium fcc phase which is formed from, at least, Mg and Nd and which has a good compatibility with the matrix of hcp-Mg, are uniformly and finely dispersed in the matrix, the Mg matrix is strengthened and the strength of the alloy is outstandingly improved.
  • Nd makes it possible to form the above-mentioned composite structure having a dispersion of intermetallic compounds consisting of a non-equilibrium fcc phase, which is formed from, at least, Nd and Mg, and/or other intermetallic compounds, such as an Mg 12 Nd phase, while suppressing the grain growth of the matrix phase. Since the intermetallic compounds can be formed in large quantities in the presence of a small amount of Nd, it is possible to obtain alloys having a high strength on an Mg-rich side so that high specific-strength materials can be obtained.
  • Another alloying element Zn transforms the non-equilibrium phase to a more stable non-equilibrium phase of fcc structure so that the intermetallic compounds having a good compatibility with the magnesium matrix ( ⁇ phase) uniformly and finely disperse in the matrix.
  • the hardness and strength of the resultant alloys are improved and a high thermal resistance is imparted to the alloys by suppressing coarsening of the microcrystalline structure of the alloys at high temperatures.
  • a molten alloy having the above-defined composition is rapidly solidified so as to obtain a fine-grained matrix phase.
  • a cooling rate of 10 2 -10 6 K/sec is particularly effective.
  • the resultant rapidly solidified alloy is heated to a prescribed temperature and subjected to plastic working.
  • magnesium alloy materials having a microcrystalline composite structure composed of an hcp Mg matrix and, homogeneously distributed in the matrix, intermetallic compounds consisting of a non-equilibrium fcc phase and/or other intermetallic compound phases, such as an Mg 12 Nd phase formed of Mg and Nd.
  • the non-equilibrium fcc phase may be formed either during rapid solidification or during plastic working.
  • the plastic working is preferably performed at a temperature of 50 to 500°C.
  • a temperature lower than 50°C cannot provide a sound material due to an excessive deformation resistance.
  • a temperature exceeding 500°C causes a considerable grain growth, thereby lowering the strength.
  • the magnesium matrix and the intermetallic compounds formed by the above production method have a grain size ranging from 200 nm to 600 nm and a particle size ranging from 10 nm to 400 nm, respectively.
  • the alloys may have superior properties as superplastic working materials.
  • a molten alloy having a given composition was prepared using a high-frequency melting furnace.
  • the molten alloy was subjected to a single-roller melt-spinning technique, which is one of the rapid solidification techniques, at a cooling of 10 2 -10 6 K/sec and a rapidly solidified material comprising a fine-grained matrix phase.
  • the thus obtained rapidly solidified material was subjected to hot-extrusion at a temperature of 320°C under an applied pressure of 1240-1628 MPa, while suppressing the grain growth of the matrix phase.
  • the thus obtained extruded material had a microcrystalline composite structure having a dispersion of fine intermetallic compounds.
  • test samples having the compositions (by atomic %) given in Table 1 were produced.
  • Comparative extruded materials having compositions falling outside the compositional range of the present invention were produced under the same processing conditions as described above.
  • the comparative materials are disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-47,941 hereinbefore described.
  • test sample was subjected to X-ray diffraction and measured for its mechanical properties, i.e., tensile strength ( ⁇ B ), plastic elongation ( ⁇ f ), Young's modulus (E), specific strength ( ⁇ B / ⁇ ).
  • ⁇ B tensile strength
  • ⁇ f plastic elongation
  • E Young's modulus
  • specific strength ⁇ B / ⁇
  • every test sample of the present invention exhibited superior mechanical properties, i.e., a tensile strength of not less than 500 MPa, a plastic elongation of not less than 0.4%, a Young's modulus of at least 37 GPa and a specific strength of not less than 280 MPa.
  • the magnesium-based alloys of the present invention are superior in plastic elongation over the comparative test samples, they can be successfully subjected to various working operations and exhibit a sufficient durability to permit a high degree of working (plastic working).
  • the Mg content exceeded 95 atomic % in the Mg-Nd-Zn alloys, the plastic elongation surprisingly increased, although any significant change was hardly detected in the tensile strength, Young's modulus and specific strength.
  • the magnesium-based alloys of the present invention have high levels of strength and heat-resistance, they are very useful as high strength materials and high heat-resistant materials.
  • the magnesium-based alloys are also useful as high specific-strength materials because of their high specific strength. Still further, since the alloys exhibit superior elongation at room temperature and Young's module at room temperature, they can be successfully subjected to various working operations and exhibit a sufficient durability to permit a high degree of working (plastic working).

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Matériaux d'alliages à base de magnésium à haute resistance mécanique ayant une structure composite microcristalline, ce matériau d'alliage ayant une structure microcristalline composite consistant en une matrice de Mg ayant une structure hexagonale compacte, et en des composés intermétalliques, distribués de façon homogène et fine dans le matrice et consistant en une phase en état de non-équilibre ayant une structure cubique à faces centrées et/ou en une phase Mg12Nd et consistant en une composition représentée par la formule générale (I) : MgaNdbZnc, dans laquelle a, b, et c valent, en pourcentage atomique, 80 ≤ a ≤ 99, 1 ≤ b ≤ 12, 0 ≤ c ≤ 12 et a + b + c = 100.
  2. Matériaux d'alliages à base de magnésium à haute résistance mécanique ayant une structure composite microcristalline, ce matériau d'alliage ayant une structure microcristalline composite consistant en une matrice de Mg ayant une structure hexagonale compacte et en des composés intermétalliques, distribués de façon homogène et fine dans le matrice et consistant en une phase en état de non-équilibre ayant une structure cubique à faces centrées et/ou en une phase Mg12Nd et consistant en une composition représentée par la formule générale (II) : Mga'Ndb'Znc',: dans laquelle a', b', c' valent, en pourcentage atomique, 95 < a' ≤ 99,1 ≤ b' ≤ 3, 0 ≤ c' ≤ 3 et a'+ b' + c' = 100.
  3. Matériaux d'alliages à base de magnésium à haute résistance mécanique selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel les composés intermétalliques contiennent au moins un composé intermétalliques consistant en une phase en état de non-équilibre ayant une structure cubique à faces centrées.
  4. Procédé de fabrication d'un matériau d'alliages à base de magnésium à haute résistance mécanique, consistant :
    à solidifier rapidement un alliage fondu de manière à former une phase matrice à grains fins, l'alliage fondu consistant en une composition représentée par la formule générale (I) : MgaNdbZnc dans laquelle a, b, et c valent, en pourcentage atomique, 80 ≤ a ≤ 99, 1 ≤ b ≤ 12, 0 ≤ c ≤ 12 et a + b + c = 100; et
    à soumettre l'alliage résultant, solidifié rapidement, à un travail plastique à une température de chauffage prescrite pour un écrouissage, en formant ainsi une structure composite micro-cristalline consistant en une matrice de Mg ayant une structure hexagonale compacte, et en des composés intermétalliques, distribués de façon homogène et fine dans le matrice et consistant en une phase en état de non-équilibre ayant une structure cubique à faces centrées et/ou en une phase Mg12Nd.
  5. Procédé de fabrication d'un matériau d'alliages à base de magnésium à haute résistance mécanique, consistant :
    à solidifier rapidement un alliage fondu de manière à former une phase matrice à grains fins, l'alliage fondu consistant en une composition représentée par la formule générale (II) : Mga,Ndb,Znc, Mga,Ndb,Znc" : dans laquelle a', b', c' valent, en pourcentage atomique, 95 < a' ≤ 99,1.≤ b' ≤ 3, 0 ≤ c'≤ 3 et a' + b' + c' = 100; et
    à soumettre l'alliage résultant, solidifié rapidement, à un travail plastique à une température de chauffage prescrite pour un écrouissage, en formant ainsi une structure composite microcristalline consistant en une matrice de Mg ayant une structure hexagonale compacte, et en des composés intermétalliques, distribués de façon homogène et fine dans le matrice et consistant en une phase en état de non-équilibre ayant une structure cubique à faces centrées et/ou en une phase Mg12Nd.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 4 ou 5, dans lequel la température de chauffage prescrite se situe dans l'intervalle allant de 50 à 500°C.
EP19940111190 1993-08-04 1994-07-18 Matériaux à base d'alliages de magnésium, à haute résistance mécanique et procédé de fabrication de ces matériaux Expired - Lifetime EP0643145B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP193483/93 1993-08-04
JP5193483A JP2807400B2 (ja) 1993-08-04 1993-08-04 高力マグネシウム基合金材およびその製造方法

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0643145A1 EP0643145A1 (fr) 1995-03-15
EP0643145B1 true EP0643145B1 (fr) 1998-12-23

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EP19940111190 Expired - Lifetime EP0643145B1 (fr) 1993-08-04 1994-07-18 Matériaux à base d'alliages de magnésium, à haute résistance mécanique et procédé de fabrication de ces matériaux

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EP (1) EP0643145B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2807400B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE69415447T2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19915238A1 (de) * 1999-04-03 2000-10-05 Volkswagen Ag Magnesiumlegierungen hoher Duktilität, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung
WO2008016150A1 (fr) * 2006-08-03 2008-02-07 National Institute For Materials Science Alliage de magnésium et son procédé de fabrication
JP5721043B2 (ja) * 2010-10-20 2015-05-20 住友電気工業株式会社 マグネシウム合金、及び制振材

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4765954A (en) * 1985-09-30 1988-08-23 Allied Corporation Rapidly solidified high strength, corrosion resistant magnesium base metal alloys
US4938809A (en) * 1988-05-23 1990-07-03 Allied-Signal Inc. Superplastic forming consolidated rapidly solidified, magnestum base metal alloy powder
US5078806A (en) * 1988-05-23 1992-01-07 Allied-Signal, Inc. Method for superplastic forming of rapidly solidified magnesium base metal alloys
JP2511526B2 (ja) * 1989-07-13 1996-06-26 ワイケイケイ株式会社 高力マグネシウム基合金
JP2911267B2 (ja) * 1991-09-06 1999-06-23 健 増本 高強度非晶質マグネシウム合金及びその製造方法
JP3238516B2 (ja) * 1993-03-15 2001-12-17 健 増本 高強度マグネシウム合金及びその製造方法

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Publication number Publication date
JP2807400B2 (ja) 1998-10-08
EP0643145A1 (fr) 1995-03-15
JPH0748647A (ja) 1995-02-21
DE69415447D1 (de) 1999-02-04
DE69415447T2 (de) 1999-07-08

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