EP0530012A1 - Installation pour câble détecteur de chaleur et câble à cet usage - Google Patents

Installation pour câble détecteur de chaleur et câble à cet usage Download PDF

Info

Publication number: EP0530012A1
Authority: EP; European Patent Office
Prior art keywords: heat; conductance; detector; conductors; cable
Prior art date: 1991-08-30
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Granted

Application number

EP92307781A

Other languages

German (de)

English (en)

Other versions

EP0530012B1 (fr

Inventor

Barry James Elliott

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Balfour Beatty PLC

Original Assignee

BICC PLC

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

1991-08-30

Filing date

1992-08-26

Publication date

1993-03-03

1992-08-26 Application filed by BICC PLC filed Critical BICC PLC

1993-03-03 Publication of EP0530012A1 publication Critical patent/EP0530012A1/fr

1996-07-17 Application granted granted Critical

1996-07-17 Publication of EP0530012B1 publication Critical patent/EP0530012B1/fr

2012-08-26 Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Status Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Images

Classifications

- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/02—Mechanical actuation of the alarm, e.g. by the breaking of a wire
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/06—Electric actuation of the alarm, e.g. using a thermally-operated switch

Definitions

This invention relates to sensor cables for the detection of fires or other hazardous temperature-rise conditions (hereinafter for brevity called “heat sensor cables”) and to installations in which they are used.
Beat sensor cables at present on the market are of two kinds:
the first kind sometimes called an "analogue” sensor cable, has two or more conductors which are spaced apart from one another by a "sensitive” material whose resistivity (or some other appropriate property, but that has no particular relevance to the present invention) changes rapidly with temperature in the range of interest (typically all or part of the range from about 80°C to 250°C or in some cases higher).
Detection circuitry continuously (or at very frequent intervals) monitors the resistance from one conductor to the other and compares it with a stored threshold value, giving an alarm if the monitored value exceeds the threshold.
the second kind sometimes called a "digital" sensor cable, also has two conductors but in this case they are resilient ones biassed together but normally prevented from contacting one another by a coating of a fusible material; in this case an alarm is given if any measurable conductance from conductor to conductor is detected, since this indicates that the fusible coating has been melted (our prior UK Patent No.1461769 relates, but modern materials have raised the melting temperature limit for the fusible materials well over 200°C).
Analogue heat sensor cables are dependent not only on the uniformity and stability of the sensitive material but also on the stability of the detector circuitry and its power supply to provide the correct reference value; and since the resistance measured varies with the length that is hot, as well as its temperature, there is sometimes a risk of a high overall ambient temperature (due, for instance, to heatwave conditions or a stuck thermostat) producing an alarm because it has the same overall resistance from conductor to conductor as if a small flame were applied to one place on it while most of its length remained cold. Digital heat sensor cables avoid these difficulties.
digital heat sensors as hitherto known are unable to distinguish between the short-circuiting of the conductors that results from a temperature rise to be detected and short-circuiting of the conductors arising from some mechanical accident, while analogue sensors can discriminate by setting an upper threshold that can be reached only by a fault, and giving an alarm only if the monitored value remains between the two thresholds for a predetermined length of time (of the order of magnitude of a second).
False alarm signals are highly undesirable, particularly if the detector system automatically operates sprinklers, risking water-damage when there was no fire.
the present invention provides a digital heat-detector cable in which the risk of false alarms due to faults is greatly reduced.
the heat-detector cable in accordance with the invention comprises first and second digital heat-detector elements assembled in close proximity, each comprising a pair of conductors biassed towards each other but normally prevented from contacting by a coating of a fusible insulating material on at least one of them, the response characteristics of the said first and second elements on exposure to hazardous temperatures differing such that on exposure to temperatures sufficient to cause both elements to respond the first said element responds sooner than the second.
the different characteristics are obtained by use of fusible materials with substantially different softening temperatures, that in the first element having the lower softening temperature.
the second element right have a thicker fusible coating (requiring more time to absorb the latent heat needed for melting) or a higher metallic cross-section (slowing response by increasing thermal capacity).
the two elements could be helically twisted together, but we prefer to lay them parallel and secure with a sheath braid or binder.
each detector element comprises two steel wires each having a tensile strength in the range 1250-1650MN/m2, helically laid up together with a lay length in the range 20-60mm without any substantial torsional deformation of either the wires, at least one of the two wires having a coating of an appropriate fusible insulating material.
Suitable fusible insulating materials include:
the installation in accordance with the invention comprises the digital heat-detector cable defined, first monitor means for detecting conductance between the conductors of the first said element, second monitor means for detecting conductance between the conductors of the second said element, and discriminating means generating an "alarm" signal if the detection of conductance by the first monitor means is followed after the passage of a first preset time interval but before the passage of a second preset time interval and a "fault” signal if the detection of conductance by the first monitor means is followed by the detection of conductance by the second monitor means within the said first preset time interval or if it is not followed by the detection of conductance by the second monitor means by the end of the said second preset time interval.
a "fault" signal is generated also if the second monitor means detects conductance without (or prior to) the first doing so; if desired, further monitoring means may be provided for detecting the occurrence of conductance between conductors not belonging to the same heat detector element and for generating a "fault” signal if such conductance is detected.
the installation includes terminating resistors connected across the conductors of each element at the end of the sensor cable remote fron the monitors, so that the monitors will normally detect a finite conductance (the "quiescent conductance") and can detect and indicate a fault (an open-circuit fault) if the conductance falls to zero.
the quiescent conductance the finite conductance
the fault an open-circuit fault
Figure 1 is a diagram of a cable and installation in accordance with the invention and Figure 2 is a diagramatic logic algorithm for the system.
the cable shown in Figure 1 comprises two digital heat-detector elements each comprising a pair of wires, 1,1 and 2,2 respectively; the two elements are laid parallel to one another and secured together by a sheath 3 made of fluorinated ethylene-propylene copolymer, 0.5mm thick.
the wires 1,1,2,2 are each of tinned steel with a diameter of 0.885mm and a tensile strength of 1400MN/m2 coated with fusible polymeric insulating material to a wall thickness of 0.3 mm radial.
the two wires of each separate element are laid up together with a lay length of 30mm, a tension of 20N/m2 and without torsional deformation of the wires.
the wires 1,1 of the first element have a coating of low density polyethylene with a melting 105°C and wires 2,2 of the second element a coating of polypropylene having a melting temperature of 190°C.
the result of using this combination of materials is that the response time of the second element in a fire will be slower than that of the first by at least 0.4 seconds (even if rapidly engulfed by a hot flame) but not more than 25 seconds unless the fire is both small and slowly developing.
the first and second elements are terminated at one end of the cable by resistors R1 and R2 respectively, and a set of monitors is connected to the other end as shown.
Monitor A continuously monitors the conductance between the two conductors 1,1 of the first detector and produces an output to a logic device (not shown) equal to 0 if the conductance monitored is zero, Q if it is equal to the conductance of resistor R1 and 1 if the conductance has a higher value.
Monitor B provides an output to the logic which is 0 if the conductance between the conductors 2,2 of the second element is zero, Q if it is equal to the conductance of resistor R2 and 1 if it has a higher value; optionally further monitors C1 to C4 may monitor conductivity between the other combinations of wires in the complete cable, producing inputs to the logic device with the value 0 if the conductance monitored is zero (as it normally is) and 1 if it has any other value.
the logic device initially sets all flags to "off” and all timers to reset (stopped). In the absence of either alarm or fault conditions, it then scans monitors A to F in order, finding an output Q from monitors A and B and an output 0 from each of monitors D to F, and then repeats.
fault 3 is indicated, signifying a short circuit fault between conductors not in the same element.
the logic device starts its timer and sets flag T1 to indicate the start of the preset time periods; after expiry of a first preset period (0.4 seconds in this particular case), flag T2 is set and at the end of a second preset time period, of 25 seconds in the particular case, flag T3 is set.
the logic first determines whether the T1 flag is set and if so whether flag T2 is set. If the T1 flag is not set, then the logic indicates "fault 5", signifying that the conductors 2,2 have gone to short circuit before the conductors 1,1 have done so (or without their doing so at all). If the T1 flag is set but the T2 flag is not, the logic indicates "fault 6", signifying that the conductors 2,2 have gone to short circuit within 0.45 of conductors 1,1 doing so, thus implying mechanical damage to the cable rather than a fire condition. If flags T1 and T2 are both set, the logic sets flag B1 and continues to scan.
the logic scans the T3 timer end flag; if it is not set, scanning continues, but if it is, indicating that the second element has been short-circuited between 0.4 and 25 seconds after the first, the B1 flag is interrogated; if it is set, then the second element has become short-circuited beween 0.4 and 25 seconds after the first, and since this is almost certainly due to a fire/ overtemperature condition a "FIRE ALARM " is indicated; if it is not, the first element has been short-circuited for 25 seconds without the second becoming short-circuited, and so a Fault 4 is indicated, signifying a short-circuit fault in the first element.
fault 4" When "Fault 4" is indicated, preferably the installation is switched to an emergency mode in which the second element only is used in a conventional manner. In the event of an alarm arising in this mode, it may be considered appropriate to evacuate personnel and to inspect for fire (and for causes for false alarm) but not to actuate sprinklers automatically.

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Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
Emergency Management (AREA)
Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
Cable Accessories (AREA)
Insulated Conductors (AREA)
Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)
Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)

EP92307781A 1991-08-30 1992-08-26 Installation pour câble détecteur de chaleur et câble à cet usage Expired - Lifetime EP0530012B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
GB9118584		1991-08-30
GB919118584A GB9118584D0 (en)	1991-08-30	1991-08-30	Sensor cables and installations incorporating them

Publications (2)

Publication Number	Publication Date
EP0530012A1 true EP0530012A1 (fr)	1993-03-03
EP0530012B1 EP0530012B1 (fr)	1996-07-17

Family

ID=10700674

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
EP92307781A Expired - Lifetime EP0530012B1 (fr)	1991-08-30	1992-08-26	Installation pour câble détecteur de chaleur et câble à cet usage

Country Status (4)

Country	Link
EP (1)	EP0530012B1 (fr)
AT (1)	ATE140550T1 (fr)
DE (1)	DE69212256T2 (fr)
GB (1)	GB9118584D0 (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
RU2128535C1 (ru) *	1997-08-12	1999-04-10	Тярасов Герман Павлович	Пожарный сигнализатор
RU2157564C1 (ru) *	1999-08-16	2000-10-10	Общество с ограниченной ответственностью Научно-производственная фирма "СВИТ"	Устройство для контроля и подрыва последовательной цепи пиропатронов
RU2284056C2 (ru) *	2004-06-28	2006-09-20	Открытое акционерное общество "Ракетно-космическая корпорация "Энергия" имени С.П. Королева"	Устройство контроля и подрыва нити пиропатрона
RU2294017C2 (ru) *	2005-04-15	2007-02-20	Открытое акционерное общество "Ракетно-космическая корпорация "Энергия" им. С.П. Королева"	Устройство контроля и подрыва нити пиропатрона
EP1914696A1 (fr)	2006-10-19	2008-04-23	Weishe Zhang	Détecteur thermosensible non réutilisable de type ligne doté d'une fonction d'alarme des défauts par courts-circuits
RU2334278C2 (ru) *	2006-04-26	2008-09-20	Открытое акционерное общество "Ракетно-космическая корпорация "Энергия" имени С.П. Королева"	Устройство для контроля и подрыва последовательных цепей пиропатронов
RU2348093C2 (ru) *	2007-03-12	2009-02-27	Владимир Дмитриевич Ефимов	Устройство защиты пиропатрона от ложного запуска при импульсных перенапряжениях
WO2009115127A1 (fr) *	2008-03-20	2009-09-24	Siemens Aktiengesellschaft	Mesure de la température à résolution spatiale à l'intérieur d'un domaine de détection spatial
CN101667318B (zh) *	2009-10-22	2011-11-16	曾学义	线型感温火灾探测器及其提高不动作温度等级的方法
RU2438183C1 (ru) *	2010-08-27	2011-12-27	Олег Петрович Ильин	Устройство аварийной пожарной сигнализации
EP3340200A1 (fr) *	2016-12-22	2018-06-27	Bombardier Transportation GmbH	Système de détection d'incendie pour un véhicule ferroviaire

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
RU2510911C2 (ru) *	2012-02-09	2014-04-10	Олег Петрович Ильин	Устройство аварийной пожарной сигнализации

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
GB1461770A (en) *	1973-05-15	1977-01-19	Bicc Ltd	Fire detection cable
GB1461769A (en) *	1973-05-15	1977-01-19	Bicc Ltd	Linear temperature detectors
DE2805249A1 (de) *	1977-02-22	1978-08-24	John S Davies	Hitzefuehler-mehrfachkabel und notruf-uebermittlungssystem
US4316179A (en) *	1980-06-11	1982-02-16	Bliss Timothy R	Fire detection system
GB2186699A (en) *	1986-02-14	1987-08-19	Pjo Ind Ltd	Temperature sensing means

1991
- 1991-08-30 GB GB919118584A patent/GB9118584D0/en active Pending
1992
- 1992-08-26 DE DE69212256T patent/DE69212256T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-08-26 AT AT92307781T patent/ATE140550T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-08-26 EP EP92307781A patent/EP0530012B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
GB1461770A (en) *	1973-05-15	1977-01-19	Bicc Ltd	Fire detection cable
GB1461769A (en) *	1973-05-15	1977-01-19	Bicc Ltd	Linear temperature detectors
DE2805249A1 (de) *	1977-02-22	1978-08-24	John S Davies	Hitzefuehler-mehrfachkabel und notruf-uebermittlungssystem
US4316179A (en) *	1980-06-11	1982-02-16	Bliss Timothy R	Fire detection system
GB2186699A (en) *	1986-02-14	1987-08-19	Pjo Ind Ltd	Temperature sensing means

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
RU2128535C1 (ru) *	1997-08-12	1999-04-10	Тярасов Герман Павлович	Пожарный сигнализатор
RU2157564C1 (ru) *	1999-08-16	2000-10-10	Общество с ограниченной ответственностью Научно-производственная фирма "СВИТ"	Устройство для контроля и подрыва последовательной цепи пиропатронов
RU2284056C2 (ru) *	2004-06-28	2006-09-20	Открытое акционерное общество "Ракетно-космическая корпорация "Энергия" имени С.П. Королева"	Устройство контроля и подрыва нити пиропатрона
RU2294017C2 (ru) *	2005-04-15	2007-02-20	Открытое акционерное общество "Ракетно-космическая корпорация "Энергия" им. С.П. Королева"	Устройство контроля и подрыва нити пиропатрона
RU2334278C2 (ru) *	2006-04-26	2008-09-20	Открытое акционерное общество "Ракетно-космическая корпорация "Энергия" имени С.П. Королева"	Устройство для контроля и подрыва последовательных цепей пиропатронов
AU2007211100B2 (en) *	2006-10-19	2009-02-26	Sureland Industrial Fire Safety Limited	An unrecoverable line-type temperature sensitive detector having short-circuit fault alarm function
EP1914696A1 (fr)	2006-10-19	2008-04-23	Weishe Zhang	Détecteur thermosensible non réutilisable de type ligne doté d'une fonction d'alarme des défauts par courts-circuits
US7671717B2 (en)	2006-10-19	2010-03-02	Sureland Industrial Fire Safety Limited	Unrecoverable line-type temperature sensitive detector having short-circuit fault alarm function
RU2348093C2 (ru) *	2007-03-12	2009-02-27	Владимир Дмитриевич Ефимов	Устройство защиты пиропатрона от ложного запуска при импульсных перенапряжениях
WO2009115127A1 (fr) *	2008-03-20	2009-09-24	Siemens Aktiengesellschaft	Mesure de la température à résolution spatiale à l'intérieur d'un domaine de détection spatial
US20110102183A1 (en) *	2008-03-20	2011-05-05	Siemens Aktiengesellschaft	Spatially resolved temperature measurement inside a spatial detection region
CN102037338B (zh) *	2008-03-20	2013-04-17	西门子公司	在空间检测范围内的地点分辨的温度测量
CN101667318B (zh) *	2009-10-22	2011-11-16	曾学义	线型感温火灾探测器及其提高不动作温度等级的方法
RU2438183C1 (ru) *	2010-08-27	2011-12-27	Олег Петрович Ильин	Устройство аварийной пожарной сигнализации
EP3340200A1 (fr) *	2016-12-22	2018-06-27	Bombardier Transportation GmbH	Système de détection d'incendie pour un véhicule ferroviaire

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
GB9118584D0 (en)	1991-10-16
DE69212256D1 (de)	1996-08-22
DE69212256T2 (de)	1996-11-21
EP0530012B1 (fr)	1996-07-17
ATE140550T1 (de)	1996-08-15

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US6801117B2 (en)	2004-10-05	Fault sensing wire and alarm apparatus
EP0530012A1 (fr)	1993-03-03	Installation pour câble détecteur de chaleur et câble à cet usage
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US8096708B2 (en)	2012-01-17	Digital linear heat detector with thermocouple heat confirmation
US5650771A (en)	1997-07-22	Electrical socket with monitoring unit for monitoring operating conditions
US4901060A (en)	1990-02-13	Increasing temperature warning device
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CN101183481B (zh)	2010-08-11	一种热局放击穿式缆式线型感温探测器及其报警方法

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