EP0529353B1 - Gasboiler - Google Patents
Gasboiler Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0529353B1 EP0529353B1 EP92113243A EP92113243A EP0529353B1 EP 0529353 B1 EP0529353 B1 EP 0529353B1 EP 92113243 A EP92113243 A EP 92113243A EP 92113243 A EP92113243 A EP 92113243A EP 0529353 B1 EP0529353 B1 EP 0529353B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pump
- pump housing
- shaft
- switching apparatus
- switching
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009418 renovation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/10—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/10—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system
- F24D3/105—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system pumps combined with multiple way valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
- F04D15/0005—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems by using valves
- F04D15/0016—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems by using valves mixing-reversing- or deviation valves
Definitions
- the invention relates to a gas boiler for space heating and water heating with a gas-heated primary heat exchanger and two parallel heating circuits and with an electromotively driven, arranged on the cold side of the primary heat exchanger centrifugal pump, which is arranged on the pressure side, speed or direction of rotation controlled control element for actuating a connected to the pump housing Has switching element, which switches one or the other heating circuit with the primary heat exchanger in series.
- Gas boilers are state-of-the-art and are used, for example, where heating systems and water heaters must be installed in a confined space. Such devices are used particularly in the renovation of old buildings and in apartments. They include a gas-heated primary heat exchanger that feeds the two heating circuits, namely the one for space heating and the one for heating water, which are connected in parallel and in which the water is circulated by means of a centrifugal pump. The primary heat exchanger is switched so that it feeds either one or the other as a circuit. In the gas heaters commonly used today, a large number of valves, controllers, sensors and the like are required for this. This partly water and / or current-carrying components lead to a relatively complicated structure of the gas tubes with correspondingly high manufacturing costs. Due to the large number of these components provided at different locations within the gas boiler, their accessibility is often difficult, which makes the maintenance and repair of the gas boiler unnecessarily expensive.
- pumps are known from EP 0 394 140 A1 which are intended to simplify the gas heating system and are equipped with a pressure port and two suction ports.
- a control element between the impeller and the pressure port that, depending on the direction of rotation of the impeller, shuts off one or the other suction port via lever mechanisms by a switching element, which is intended to direct the flow through the room or process water heating circuit.
- Each switching element on the suction side of the pump causes pressure losses, increases the NPSH value and leads to an increased risk of noise generation in heating pumps, particularly due to cavitation. Since with this proposed solution there is an overpressure in the shut-off line relative to the suction chamber of the pump, i.e.
- a gas boiler of a similar type is known from the subsequently published EP 0 460 399 A2 (prior art according to Article 54 (3) EPC), in which the pump is arranged on the warm side of the primary heat exchanger.
- the object of the invention is to design a generic gas boiler in such a way that reliable, low-maintenance flow control is ensured and the risk of noise is reduced.
- inexpensive manufacture and assembly are to be achieved.
- the pump required for this is to be created.
- the solution according to the invention has the advantage that the arrangement of the switching element on the warm side of the primary heat exchanger significantly reduces the risk of noise.
- the solution according to the invention avoids the aforementioned disadvantages and enables a reliable switching between the two heating circuits with a simple and therefore inexpensive construction of the gas boiler. Since the pressure difference applied to the shaft of the switching element is considerably less than that in a comparable switching element according to the generic state of the art, a special sealing of the shaft can generally be dispensed with. As a result, the friction losses when switching the switching element are considerably lower, which reduces the switching forces and thus the
- the solution according to the invention is also functionally reliable for pump units in the power range below 100 watts.
- Such a design can take place by appropriate selection of the switching element, in which, for example, a flap or seat valve is used as the switching element instead of a slide valve.
- a flap or seat valve is used as the switching element instead of a slide valve.
- Such a design increases the switching reliability, since the respective switching position is fluidly supported.
- a particularly advantageous design results if the switching body of the switching element is arranged in a chamber of the pump housing, which is separated from the delivery flow flowing directly through the pump. This means that the flow currently flowing through the pump is separated from the flow currently flowing through the chamber, even if it is ultimately the same fluid flow.
- Such an embodiment practically represents a structural unit consisting of a pump and a valve, the valve being controlled by the flow forces of the pump.
- the switching element has a closing body which is connected to a shaft which is guided through a wall of the pump housing and to which the control element is connected in a rotationally fixed manner.
- This wall then separates the flow flowing directly through the pump from the flow flowing through the chamber.
- the shaft passage through the wall also grants Without sealing due to the relatively low pressure difference, only slight overflow losses.
- control element and the closing body of the switching element form a component with the shaft which, together with an intermediate wall of the pump housing penetrated by the shaft and a pipe section of the suction side of the pump, forms an assembly unit which is pressure-tight and tight in the pump housing is incorporated.
- Such an assembly unit can be manufactured and preassembled cheaply and then inserted into the pump housing. In the case of maintenance and repair work, the components can be dismantled with little effort.
- the assembly unit is designed as a cartridge that can be inserted into the pump housing.
- a cartridge which is essentially in the form of a cylinder body, can be sealed within the pump housing with simple means and can be machined cost-effectively due to the round outer contour.
- a pump unit designed for the thermal bath according to the invention is characterized by the features listed in claims 7 to 10.
- Such a pump unit is preferably suitable for use in gas boilers.
- the pump unit can, for example, also be used in other heating systems, in solar heating systems and the like.
- An application is also conceivable in which the switching element controls a fluid flow that is completely independent of the delivery flow of the pump and separate from it.
- the gas heater 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a gas burner 2, a primary heat exchanger 3 which can be heated and a centrifugal pump 4.
- the centrifugal pump 4 is installed on the cold side of the primary heat exchanger 3, it presses the flow through the line 5 into the primary heat exchanger.
- the water heated in the primary heat exchanger 3 then flows through a line 6 to a unit combined with the pump 4 Switching element 7.
- the switching element 7 connects the line 6 to one of two heating circuits.
- the hot water heating circuit is shown in solid lines and marked with 8.
- a secondary heat exchanger 9 is incorporated into this heating circuit 8, in which the process water to be heated is heated and fed to a tapping point 11 via line 10.
- This heating circuit 8 is connected via a line 12 to a dirt trap 13 connected upstream of the pump 4 and to an air separator 14 incorporated between the dirt trap and the pump.
- the water leaving the secondary heat exchanger 9 is thus fed via line 12 to the suction port of the pump 4 and through this again to the primary heat exchanger 3 and then heated again through line 6 to the heating circuit 8.
- This heating circuit 15 has one or more secondary heat exchangers 16 in the form of radiators, to which a thermostatically controlled valve 17 is connected upstream, as is common today in space heating systems.
- the heating circuit 15 opens into the line 12, which via the dirt trap 13, the air separator 14 and the pump 4 leads to the line 5 leading to the primary heat exchanger 3 and then heats the line 6 and thus feeds this heating circuit 15 again.
- the valve 17 is connected in a manner known per se via a bypass line 45 bypassing the secondary heat exchanger 16 to the output of the heating circuit 15, so that the heating circuit 15 is not interrupted even when the valve 17 is closed.
- the heating circuit 15 In normal space heating operation, the heating circuit 15 is connected in series with the primary heat exchanger 3 via the switching element 7, and the heat transfer medium is circulated by means of the pump 4.
- the switching element 7 shuts off the heating circuit 8 at this point.
- the pressure drops within the line 10 connected to the supply network 18 via the secondary heat exchanger 9.
- a sensor 19 with a switching device is located within the line 10, which detects this sudden drop in pressure and then controls the pump 4 to reverse the direction of rotation. This control function is identified by 20 in FIG.
- the switching element 7 By switching the direction of rotation of the pump 4, the switching element 7 is reversed so that the line 6 is then connected to the heating circuit 8 and the heating circuit 15 is shut off on the switching element 7.
- the system is usually operated with increased output, since a high thermal output is required for heating the domestic water.
- this is again registered by the sensor 19, the switching device switches over, so that the pump 4 is again reversed in the direction of rotation and the switching element 7 falls back into its original switching state in which the heating circuit 15 is connected in series with the primary heat exchanger 3 is.
- the switching element 7 can also be designed such that the switching function does not take place when the direction of rotation is reversed but when the speed changes, the switching function then being selected such that the hot water heating circuit 8 is triggered to open at a higher speed.
- FIG. 2 shows the pump assembly consisting of the pump 4 and the switching element 7 in section, consisting of a housing 21 in which an electric motor 22 is arranged, the shaft 23 of a rotor 24 drives.
- the suction port 25 of the pump 4 is arranged coaxially to the shaft 23 and passed through the switching element 7 by means of a pipe section 26.
- the pressure port is designated in FIG. 2 by 27, it is located radially to the impeller 24.
- a control member 28 is arranged, which is formed by a wing located within the flow path, which assumes a different position depending on the direction of rotation of the impeller 24.
- the control member 28 is connected via a lever 29 to a shaft 30 which is rotatably guided through a wall 31 of the pump housing and at the other end of which is located within the switching member 7, a lever 32 is fastened. At the free end of the lever 32 there is a closing body 33 which connects the input 34 of the switching element 7 (see FIG. 4) to one or the other output 35, 36 of the switching element 7 or blocks one or the other output of the switching element.
- the tube section 26 and the intermediate wall 31 are formed in one piece and inserted into the pump housing, specifically as an assembly unit together with a structural unit formed from control element 28, shaft 30 and closing body 33 with the associated levers 29 and 32.
- This assembly unit is shown in perspective in FIGS. 5 and 6.
- the levers 29 and 32 are ring-shaped, the inner recess being elliptically shaped in order to surround the tube section 26 in both switching positions without contact.
- the closing body 33 is arranged within the flow path of the heating circuits of the gas boiler 1 in such a way that the switching positions are force-assisted by the currents, so that the holding forces to be applied via the control element 28 can be comparatively low in terms of flow dynamics.
- FIG. 7 shows another embodiment in which, instead of the closing body 33, a slide 37 is arranged, which is seated on a shaft 38, at the other end of which a control member 39 is arranged.
- the shaft 38 is supported within an intermediate wall 40, which is seated in a corresponding recess in the pump housing 21.
- the outlet 35 of the switching element shown in FIG. 7 is arranged parallel to the suction port of the pump 4.
- slide 37, shaft 38 and control element 39 form a structural unit which, together with wall 40 and a housing part 41, which has the connection piece for outlet 35, is designed as an assembly unit in the form of a cartridge which can be inserted into housing 21.
- the wall 40 and the housing part 41 are connected to one another and form an approximately cylindrical body, the outer flange 42 of which is connected to the housing 21 via screws (not shown).
- Such a cartridge-shaped assembly unit is particularly inexpensive to manufacture and easy to assemble, and in particular there are practically no sealing problems due to the cylindrical design.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Gastherme zur Raumheizung und Warmwasserbereitung mit einem gasbeheizten Primärwärmetauscher und zwei parallel liegenden Heizkreisen und mit einer elektromotorisch angetriebenen, auf der kalten Seiten des Primärwärmetauschers angeordneten Kreiselpumpe, die ein druckseitig angeordnetes, drehzahl- oder drehrichtungsgesteuertes Steuerorgan zur Betätigung eines mit dem Pumpengehäuse verbundenen Schaltorgans aufweist, welches den einen oder anderen Heizkreis mit dem Primärwärmetauscher in Reihe schaltet.The invention relates to a gas boiler for space heating and water heating with a gas-heated primary heat exchanger and two parallel heating circuits and with an electromotively driven, arranged on the cold side of the primary heat exchanger centrifugal pump, which is arranged on the pressure side, speed or direction of rotation controlled control element for actuating a connected to the pump housing Has switching element, which switches one or the other heating circuit with the primary heat exchanger in series.
Gasthermen sind praktizierter Stand der Technik und werden beispielsweise dort eingesetzt, wo auf engem Raum Heizungsanlage und Warmwasserbereiter installiert werden müssen. Solche Geräte werden insbesondere bei der Altbausanierung und in Wohnungen eingesetzt. Sie umfassen einen gasbeheizten Primärwärmetauscher der zwei Heizkreise, nämlich den für die Raumheizung und den für die Warmwasserbereitung speist, die parallel geschaltet sind und in denen das Wasser mittels einer Kreiselpumpe umgewälzt wird. Dabei ist der Primärwärmetauscher so geschaltet, daß er entweder den einen oder den anderen als Kreis speist. Bei den heutzutage üblicherweise eingesetzten Gasthermen sind hierzu eine Vielzahl von Ventilen, Reglern, Sensoren und dergleichen erforderlich. Diese teils wasser- und/oder stromführenden Bauteile führen zu einem verhältnismäßig komplizierten Aufbau der Gastberme bei entsprechend hohen Herstellungskosten. Aufgrund der Vielzahl dieser an verschiedenen Stellen innerhalb der Gastherme vorgesehenen Bauteile ist deren Zugänglichkeit häufig schwierig, was die Wartung und Reparatur der Gastherme unnötig verteuert.Gas boilers are state-of-the-art and are used, for example, where heating systems and water heaters must be installed in a confined space. Such devices are used particularly in the renovation of old buildings and in apartments. They include a gas-heated primary heat exchanger that feeds the two heating circuits, namely the one for space heating and the one for heating water, which are connected in parallel and in which the water is circulated by means of a centrifugal pump. The primary heat exchanger is switched so that it feeds either one or the other as a circuit. In the gas heaters commonly used today, a large number of valves, controllers, sensors and the like are required for this. This partly water and / or current-carrying components lead to a relatively complicated structure of the gas tubes with correspondingly high manufacturing costs. Due to the large number of these components provided at different locations within the gas boiler, their accessibility is often difficult, which makes the maintenance and repair of the gas boiler unnecessarily expensive.
Man hat versucht, den Aufbau einer solchen Gastherme durch die Verwendung von zwei unabhängig voneinander arbeitenden Umwälzpumpen zu vereinfachen. Die erwarteten Einsparungen haben sich in der Praxis jedoch nicht erfüllt, denn beim Einsatz von zwei Umwälzpumpen muß dafür gesorgt werden, daß die für die Warmwasserbereitung verwendete Umwälzpumpe gegenüber derjenigen für den Heizungskreis vorrangig arbeitet, wozu eine verhältnismäßig aufwendige Schaltung und Verrohrung beider Pumpen erforderlich ist.Attempts have been made to simplify the construction of such a gas boiler by using two independently operating circulation pumps. In practice, however, the expected savings have not been met, because when using two circulation pumps, it must be ensured that the circulation pump used for hot water generation works more than that for the heating circuit, which requires a relatively complex circuit and pipework for both pumps.
Des weiteren sind aus EP 0 394 140 A1 Pumpen bekannt, die zur Vereinfachung des Gasthermensystems führen sollen und mit einem Druckstutzen und zwei Saugstutzen ausgerüstet sind. Bei diesen Pumpen liegt zwischen dem Laufrad und dem Druckstutzen ein Steuerorgan, daß je nach Drehrichtung des Laufrades den einen oder anderen Saugstutzen über Hebelmechanismen durch ein Schaltorgan absperrt, wodurch der Förderstrom durch den Raum- oder Brauchwasserheizkreis gelenkt werden soll. Jedes auf der Saugseite der Pumpe liegende Schaltorgan verursacht Druckverluste, erhöht den NPSH-Wert und führt bei Heizungspumpen zur vermehrten Gefahr der Geräuschbildung, insbesondere aufgrund von Kavitation. Da bei dieser vorgeschlagenen Lösung in der abgesperrten Leitung ein Überdruck gegenüber dem Saugraum der Pumpe herrscht, am Schaltorgan also eine Druckdifferenz ansteht, die der Druckdifferenz zwischen dem Verzweigungspunkt der Heizkreise und dem Saugraum der Pumpe entspricht, sind das Flächenverhältnis zwischen Steuer- und Schaltorgan sowie das Längenverhältnis des zweiarmigen Hebels nicht mehr frei wählbar. Die konstruktive Lösung ist kompliziert und die Schließkraft an dem gegen den Überdruck arbeitenden Schaltorgan gering, so daß die Funktionssicherheit der Förderstromsteuerung bei den hier üblichen Pumpen kleiner Leistung nicht zuverlässig gewährleistet ist.Furthermore, pumps are known from EP 0 394 140 A1 which are intended to simplify the gas heating system and are equipped with a pressure port and two suction ports. In these pumps, there is a control element between the impeller and the pressure port that, depending on the direction of rotation of the impeller, shuts off one or the other suction port via lever mechanisms by a switching element, which is intended to direct the flow through the room or process water heating circuit. Each switching element on the suction side of the pump causes pressure losses, increases the NPSH value and leads to an increased risk of noise generation in heating pumps, particularly due to cavitation. Since with this proposed solution there is an overpressure in the shut-off line relative to the suction chamber of the pump, i.e. there is a pressure difference at the switching element which corresponds to the pressure difference between the branching point of the heating circuits and the suction chamber of the pump, the area ratio between the control and Switching element and the length ratio of the two-armed lever can no longer be freely selected. The constructive solution is complicated and the closing force on the switching element working against the excess pressure is low, so that the functional reliability of the flow rate control is not reliably guaranteed in the pumps of low power which are customary here.
Aus der nachveröffentlichten EP 0 460 399 A2 (Stand der Technik nach Artikel 54(3) EPÜ) ist eine Gastherme ähnlicher Art bekannt, bei der die Pumpe auf der warmen Seite des Primärwärmetauschers angeordnet ist.A gas boiler of a similar type is known from the subsequently published EP 0 460 399 A2 (prior art according to Article 54 (3) EPC), in which the pump is arranged on the warm side of the primary heat exchanger.
Ausgehend von einer Gastherme mit einer Pumpe, wie sie aus EP 0 394 140 A1 bekannt ist, liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine gattungsgemäße Gastherme so auszubilden, daß eine zuverlässige wartungsarme Förderstromsteuerung gewährleistet und die Gefahr einer Geräuschentwicklung vermindert wird. In weiterer Ausbildung der Erfindung soll eine kostengünstige Herstellung und Montage erreicht werden. Schließlich soll die hierzu erforderliche Pumpe geschaffen werden.Starting from a gas boiler with a pump, as is known from EP 0 394 140 A1, the object of the invention is to design a generic gas boiler in such a way that reliable, low-maintenance flow control is ensured and the risk of noise is reduced. In a further embodiment of the invention, inexpensive manufacture and assembly are to be achieved. Finally, the pump required for this is to be created.
Gemäß der Erfindung wird dies dadurch gelöst, daß das Schaltorgan auf der warmen Seite des Primärwärmetauschers in der Leitungsführung zu den Heizkreisen liegt.According to the invention, this is achieved in that the switching element lies on the warm side of the primary heat exchanger in the line routing to the heating circuits.
Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung hat den Vorteil, daß durch die Anordnung des Schaltorgans auf der warmen Seite des Primärwärmetauschers die Gefahr der Geräuschentwicklung erheblich vermindert ist. Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung vermeidet die vorgenannten Nachteile und ermöglicht bei einfachem und somit kostengünstigen Aufbau der Gastherme ein zuverlässiges Schalten zwischen den beiden Heizkreisläufen. Da die an der Welle des Schaltorgans anliegende Druckdifferenz erheblich geringer ist als die bei einem vergleichbaren Schaltorgan nach dem gattungsbildenden Stand der Technik, kann auf eine besondere Abdichtung der Welle in der Regel verzichtet werden. Hierdurch sind die Reibungsverluste beim Schalten des Schaltorgans erheblich geringer, was die Schaltkräfte herabsetzt und somit dieThe solution according to the invention has the advantage that the arrangement of the switching element on the warm side of the primary heat exchanger significantly reduces the risk of noise. The solution according to the invention avoids the aforementioned disadvantages and enables a reliable switching between the two heating circuits with a simple and therefore inexpensive construction of the gas boiler. Since the pressure difference applied to the shaft of the switching element is considerably less than that in a comparable switching element according to the generic state of the art, a special sealing of the shaft can generally be dispensed with. As a result, the friction losses when switching the switching element are considerably lower, which reduces the switching forces and thus the
Schaltzuverlässigkeit erhöht. Somit wird die erfindungsgemäße Lösung auch für Pumpenaggregate im Leistungsbereich unter 100 Watt funktionssicher.Switching reliability increased. Thus, the solution according to the invention is also functionally reliable for pump units in the power range below 100 watts.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind den weiteren Ansprüchen, der nachfolgenden Beschreibung sowie den Figuren zu entnehmen.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention can be found in the further claims, the description below and the figures.
Bevorzugt ist die Ausbildung der Gastherme der Gestalt, daß ein Teil der von der Pumpe erzeugten Druckdifferenz am Schaltorgan als Schließkraft wirkt. Eine solche Ausbildung kann durch entsprechende Wahl des Schaltorgans erfolgen, in dem beispielsweise als Schaltorgan statt eines Schieberventils ein Klappen- oder Sitzventil eingesetzt wird. Eine solche Ausbildung erhöht die Schaltzuverlässigkeit, da die jeweilige Schaltstellung fluidisch unterstützt wird.Preferred is the design of the gas boiler in the form that part of the pressure difference generated by the pump on the switching element acts as a closing force. Such a design can take place by appropriate selection of the switching element, in which, for example, a flap or seat valve is used as the switching element instead of a slide valve. Such a design increases the switching reliability, since the respective switching position is fluidly supported.
Eine besonders vorteilhafte Bauform ergibt sich, wenn der Schaltkörper des Schaltorgans in einer Kammer des Pumpengehäuses angeordnet ist, die von dem unmittelbar durch die Pumpe fließenden Förderstrom getrennt ist. Hierunter ist zu verstehen, daß der momentan durch die Pumpe fließende Förderstrom von dem momentan durch die Kammer fließenden Strom getrennt ist, auch wenn es sich letztlich um den selben Fluidstrom handelt. Eine solche Ausführung stellt praktisch eine Baueinheit aus Pumpe und Ventil dar, wobei das Ventil durch die Strömungskräfte der Pumpe gesteuert ist.A particularly advantageous design results if the switching body of the switching element is arranged in a chamber of the pump housing, which is separated from the delivery flow flowing directly through the pump. This means that the flow currently flowing through the pump is separated from the flow currently flowing through the chamber, even if it is ultimately the same fluid flow. Such an embodiment practically represents a structural unit consisting of a pump and a valve, the valve being controlled by the flow forces of the pump.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn das Schaltorgan einen Schließkörper aufweist, der mit einer durch eine Wand des Pumpengehäuses geführte Welle verbunden ist, mit der das Steuerorgan drehfest verbunden ist. Diese Wand trennt dann den unmittelbar durch die Pumpe fließenden Förderstrom von dem durch die Kammer fließenden Förderstrom. Die Wellendurchführung durch die Wand gewährt auch ohne Abdichtung wegen der verhältnismäßig geringen Druckdifferenz nur geringe Überströmverluste. Durch Wahl von Form und Größe des Schließkörpers bzw. des Steuerorgans sowie ggf. der Hebel, mit denen sie auf der Welle sitzen, können die Bauteile zum Erhalt der erforderlichen Schaltkräfte entsprechend angepaßt werden.It is particularly advantageous if the switching element has a closing body which is connected to a shaft which is guided through a wall of the pump housing and to which the control element is connected in a rotationally fixed manner. This wall then separates the flow flowing directly through the pump from the flow flowing through the chamber. The shaft passage through the wall also grants Without sealing due to the relatively low pressure difference, only slight overflow losses. By choosing the shape and size of the closing body or the control member and possibly the lever with which they sit on the shaft, the components can be adapted accordingly to maintain the required switching forces.
Konstruktiv von Vorteil ist es, wenn das Steuerorgan und der Schließkörper des Schaltorgans mit der Welle ein Bauelement bilden, das zusammen mit einer von der Welle durchsetzten Zwischenwand des Pumpengehäuses und einem Rohrabschnitt der Saugseite der Pumpe eine Montageeinheit bildet, die druckfest und dicht in das Pumpengehäuse eingegliedert ist. Eine solche Montageeinheit kann günstig gefertigt und vormontiert und sodann in das Pumpengehäuse eingesetzt werden. Im Falle von Wartungs- und Reparaturarbeiten können die Bauteile mit geringem Aufwand demontiert werden.It is structurally advantageous if the control element and the closing body of the switching element form a component with the shaft which, together with an intermediate wall of the pump housing penetrated by the shaft and a pipe section of the suction side of the pump, forms an assembly unit which is pressure-tight and tight in the pump housing is incorporated. Such an assembly unit can be manufactured and preassembled cheaply and then inserted into the pump housing. In the case of maintenance and repair work, the components can be dismantled with little effort.
Bevorzugt ist eine Ausführung, bei der die Montageeinheit als in das Pumpengehäuse einschiebbare Patrone ausgebildet ist. Eine solche, im wesentlichen als Zylinderkörper ausgebildete Patrone kann mit einfachen Mitteln innerhalb des Pumpengehäuses abgedichtet werden und aufgrund der runden Außenkontur kostengünstig bearbeitet werden.An embodiment is preferred in which the assembly unit is designed as a cartridge that can be inserted into the pump housing. Such a cartridge, which is essentially in the form of a cylinder body, can be sealed within the pump housing with simple means and can be machined cost-effectively due to the round outer contour.
Ein für die erfindungsgemäße Therme ausgebildetes Pumpenaggregat ist durch die in den Ansprüchen 7 bis 10 aufgeführten Merkmale gekennzeichnet. Ein solches Pumpenaggregat ist bevorzugt zum Einsatz in Gasthermen geeignet. Sein Einsatz beschränkt sich jedoch nicht hierauf, das Pumpenaggregat kann beispielsweise auch in anderen Heizanlagen, in Solarwärmeanlagen und dergleichen eingesetzt werden. Auch ist ein Einsatz denkbar, bei dem das Schaltorgan einen vom Förderstrom der Pumpe völlig unabhängigen und davon getrennten Fluidstrom steuert.A pump unit designed for the thermal bath according to the invention is characterized by the features listed in claims 7 to 10. Such a pump unit is preferably suitable for use in gas boilers. However, its use is not limited to this; the pump unit can, for example, also be used in other heating systems, in solar heating systems and the like. An application is also conceivable in which the switching element controls a fluid flow that is completely independent of the delivery flow of the pump and separate from it.
Die Erfindung ist nachfolgend anhand von in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Figur 1
- in schematischer Darstellung den Aufbau einer Gastherme,
- Figur 2
- einen Längsschnitt durch ein Pumpenaggregat mit integriertem Schaltorgan der Gastherme nach Figur 1,
- Figur 3
- einen Schnitt längs der Schnittlinie III-III in Figur 2,
- Figur 4
- einen Schnitt längs der Schnittlinie IV-IV in Figur 2,
Figur 5- in vergrößerter Darstellung eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Montageeinheit des Pumpenaggregats nach Figur 2,
Figur 6- eine perspektivische Darstellung der Montageeinheit nach
Figur 5 in rückwärtiger Ansicht und - Figur 7
- einen Längsschnitt durch eine weitere Ausführung des Pumpenaggregats in Darstellung nach Figur 2.
- Figure 1
- the structure of a gas boiler in a schematic representation,
- Figure 2
- 2 shows a longitudinal section through a pump unit with an integrated switching element of the gas boiler according to FIG. 1,
- Figure 3
- 3 shows a section along the section line III-III in FIG. 2,
- Figure 4
- 3 shows a section along the section line IV-IV in FIG. 2,
- Figure 5
- 2 shows an enlarged perspective view of an assembly unit of the pump assembly according to FIG.
- Figure 6
- a rear view of the assembly unit of Figure 5 and
- Figure 7
- 2 shows a longitudinal section through a further embodiment of the pump assembly shown in FIG. 2.
Die in Figur 1 dargestellte Gastherme 1 weist einen Gasbrenner 2, einen davon beheizbaren Primärwärmetauscher 3 und eine Kreiselpumpe 4 auf. Die Kreiselpumpe 4 ist auf der kalten Seite des Primärwärmetauschers 3 installiert, sie drückt den Förderstrom durch die Leitung 5 in den Primärwärmetauscher.The gas heater 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a gas burner 2, a primary heat exchanger 3 which can be heated and a centrifugal pump 4. The centrifugal pump 4 is installed on the cold side of the primary heat exchanger 3, it presses the flow through the
Das im Primärwärmetauscher 3 erwärmte Wasser strömt dann durch eine Leitung 6 zu einem mit der Pumpe 4 zu einer Baueinheit vereinigten Schaltorgan 7. Das Schaltorgan 7 verbindet die Leitung 6 mit einem von zwei Heizkreisen.The water heated in the primary heat exchanger 3 then flows through a
Der Brauchwasserheizkreis ist in ausgezogenen Linien dargestellt und mit 8 gekennzeichnet. Diesem Heizkreis 8 ist ein Sekundärwärmetauscher 9 eingegliedert, in dem das zu erwärmende Brauchwasser erwärmt und über die Leitung 10 einer Entnahmestelle 11 zugeführt wird. Dieser Heizkreis 8 ist über eine Leitung 12 mit einem der Pumpe 4 vorgeschalteten Schmutzfänger 13 sowie einem zwischen Schmutzfänger und Pumpe eingegliederten Luftabscheider 14 verbunden. Das den Sekundärwärmetauscher 9 verlassende Wasser wird also über die Leitung 12 zum Saugstutzen der Pumpe 4 und durch diese erneut zum Primärwärmetauscher 3 und dann wieder erwärmt durch die Leitung 6 dem Heizkreis 8 zugeführt.The hot water heating circuit is shown in solid lines and marked with 8. A secondary heat exchanger 9 is incorporated into this heating circuit 8, in which the process water to be heated is heated and fed to a
Durch Drehrichtungswechsel der Kreiselpumpe 4 wird das Schaltorgan 7 umgeschaltet, so daß der Eingang des Heizkreises 8 abgesperrt und die vom Primärwärmetauscher 3 kommende Leitung 6 mit dem in unterbrochener Linie dargestellten weiteren Heizkreis 15 verbunden ist. Dieser Heizkreis 15 weist eine oder mehrere Sekundärwärmetauscher 16 in Form von Heizkörpern auf, denen ein thermostatgesteuertes Ventil 17 vorgeschaltet ist, wie dies heutzutage bei Raumheizungsanlagen üblich ist. Der Heizkreis 15 mündet in die Leitung 12, die diesen über den Schmutzfänger 13, den Luftabscheider 14 und der Pumpe 4 der zum Primärwärmetauscher 3 führenden Leitung 5 und danach erwärmt der Leitung 6 und somit erneut diesem Heizkreis 15 zuführt. Das Ventil 17 ist in an sich bekannter Weise über eine Bypaßleitung 45 unter Umgehung des Sekundärwärmetauschers 16 mit dem Ausgang des Heizkreiss 15 verbunden, so daß auch bei geschlossenem Ventil 17 der Heizkreis 15 nicht unterbrochen ist.By changing the direction of rotation of the centrifugal pump 4, the switching element 7 is switched over, so that the input of the heating circuit 8 is shut off and the
Die Funktionsweise der vorbeschriebenen Gastherme ist wie folgt: Im üblichen Raumheizungsbetrieb ist der Heizkreis 15 über das Schaltorgan 7 mit dem Primärwärmetauscher 3 in Reihe geschaltet, die Umwälzung des Wärmeübertragungsmediums erfolgt mittels der Pumpe 4. Das Schaltorgan 7 sperrt den Heizkreis 8 an dieser Stelle ab. Im Falle der Wasserentnahme an der Entnahmestelle 11 fällt der Druck innerhalb der mit dem Versorgungsnetz 18 über den Sekundärwärmetauscher 9 verbundenen Leitung 10 ab. Innerhalb der Leitung 10 sitzt ein Sensor 19 mit Schalteinrichtung, der diesen plötzlichen Druckabfall erkennt und daraufhin die Pumpe 4 zur Drehrichtungsumkehr ansteuert. Diese Steuerfunktion ist in Figur 1 mit 20 gekennzeichnet. Durch die Drehrichtungsumkehr der Pumpe 4 wird das Schaltorgan 7 umgesteuert, so daß dann die Leitung 6 mit dem Heizkreis 8 verbunden ist und der Heizkreis 15 am Schaltorgan 7 abgesperrt ist. Dann wird die Anlage in der Regel mit erhöhter Leistung gefahren, da für die Brauchwassererwärmung eine hohe Wärmeleistung benötigt wird. Sobald der Entnahmevorgang beendet ist, wird dies wiederum vom Sensor 19 registriert, die Schalteinrichtung schaltet um, so daß die Pumpe 4 abermals drehrichtungsumkehrend angesteuert wird und das Schaltorgan 7 in seinen ursprünglichen Schaltzustand zurückfällt, in dem der Heizkreis 15 mit dem Primärwärmetauscher 3 in Reihe geschaltet ist.The function of the gas heater described above is as follows: In normal space heating operation, the
Das Schaltorgan 7 kann auch so ausgebildet sein, daß die Schaltfunktion nicht bei einer Drehrichtungsumkehr sondern bei einer Drehzahländerung erfolgt, wobei die Schaltfunktion dann so gewählt ist, daß bei höherer Drehzahl der Brauchwasserheizkreis 8 öffnend angesteuert wird.The switching element 7 can also be designed such that the switching function does not take place when the direction of rotation is reversed but when the speed changes, the switching function then being selected such that the hot water heating circuit 8 is triggered to open at a higher speed.
Figur 2 zeigt das aus der Pumpe 4 und dem Schaltorgan 7 bestehende Pumpenaggregat im Schnitt, bestehend aus einem Gehäuse 21, in dem ein Elektromotor 22 angeordnet ist, dessen Welle 23 ein Kreiselrad 24 antreibt. Der Saugstutzen 25 der Pumpe 4 ist koaxial zur Welle 23 angeordnet und durch das Schaltorgan 7 mittels eines Rohrabschnittes 26 hindurchgeführt. Der Druckstutzen ist in Figur 2 mit 27 bezeichnet, er liegt radial zum Kreiselrad 24. Innerhalb des Druckstutzens 27 ist ein Steuerorgan 28 angeordnet, das durch einen innerhalb des Strömungsweges liegenden Flügel gebildet ist, der je nach Drehrichtung des Kreiselrads 24 eine unterschiedliche Stellung einnimmt. Das Steuerorgan 28 ist über einen Hebel 29 mit einer Welle 30 verbunden, die durch eine Wand 31 des Pumpengehäuses drehbar hindurchgeführt ist und an deren anderen, innerhalb des Schaltorgans 7 befindlichen Ende ein Hebel 32 befestigt ist. Am freien Ende des Hebels 32 ist ein Schließkörper 33 angeordnet, der den Eingang 34 des Schaltorgans 7 (siehe Figur 4) mit dem einen oder anderen Ausgang 35, 36 des Schaltorgans 7 verbindet bzw. den einen oder anderen Ausgang des Schaltorgans sperrt.Figure 2 shows the pump assembly consisting of the pump 4 and the switching element 7 in section, consisting of a
Bei dem vorstehend beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen sind der Rohrabschnitt 26 und die Zwischenwand 31 einstückig ausgebildet und in das Pumpengehäuse eingesetzt, und zwar als Montageeinheit zusammen mit einem aus Steuerorgan 28, Welle 30 und Schließkörper 33 mit den zugehörigen Hebeln 29 und 32 gebildete Baueinheit. Diese Montageeinheit ist in den Figuren 5 und 6 perspektivisch dargestellt. Die Hebel 29 und 32 sind ringförmig ausgebildet, wobei die innere Ausnehmung elliptisch geformt ist, um den Rohrabschnitt 26 in beiden Schaltstellungen berührungsfrei zu umgeben.In the exemplary embodiments described above, the
Der Schließkörper 33 ist so innerhalb des Strömungsweges der Heizkreise der Gastherme 1 angeordnet, daß die Schaltstellungen durch die Strömungen kraftunterstützt sind, so daß die über das Steuerorgan 28 strömungsdynamisch aufzubringenden Haltekräfte vergleichsweise gering sein können.The closing
Figur 7 zeigt eine andere Ausführungsform, bei der an Stelle des Schließkörpers 33 ein Schieber 37 angeordnet ist, der auf einer Welle 38 sitzt, an deren anderem Ende ein Steuerorgan 39 angeordnet ist. Die Welle 38 ist innerhalb einer Zwischenwand 40 gelagert, die in einer entsprechenden Ausnehmung des Pumpengehäuses 21 sitzt. Wie sich aus der Darstellung ergibt, ist der Ausgang 35 des in Figur 7 dargestellten Schaltorgans parallel zum Saugstutzen der Pumpe 4 angeordnet. Auch bei dieser Ausführung bilden Schieber 37, Welle 38 und Steuerorgan 39 eine Baueinheit, die zusammen mit der Wand 40 sowie einem Gehäuseteil 41, das den Stutzen für den Ausgang 35 aufweist, als Montageeinheit in Form einer in das Gehäuse 21 einschiebbaren Patrone ausgebildet ist. Die Wand 40 und das Gehäuseteil 41 sind miteinander verbunden und bilden einen etwa zylindrischen Körper, dessen äußerer Flansch 42 über (nicht dargestellte) Schrauben mit dem Gehäuse 21 verbunden ist. Eine solche patronenförmige Montageeinheit ist besonders günstig herzustellen und einfach zu montieren, insbesondere ergeben sich aufgrund der zylindrischen Ausbildung praktisch keine Dichtungsprobleme.FIG. 7 shows another embodiment in which, instead of the closing
In Figur 7 ist nur der Ausgang 35 dargestellt, der zweite Ausgang des Schaltorgans liegt parallel zum Ausgang 35, so daß der Schieber 37 bei Drehung der Welle 38 um ihre Längsachse entweder den Ausgang 35 oder den anderen (nicht dargestellten) Ausgang verschließt. Bei dieser Ausführung sind die Schaltstellungen des Schaltorgans im wesentlichen strömungskraftfrei.In Figure 7, only the
Claims (10)
- A gas boiler for heating rooms and providing warm water comprising a gas heated primary heat exchanger (3) and two heat circuits (8,15) lying in parallel and a centrifugal pump (4), which is driven by an electric motor and arranged on the cold side of the primary heat exchanger (3), said centrifugal pump comprising a control apparatus (28) arranged on its delivery side and controlled by the rotational speed or the rotational direction for operating a switching apparatus (7) connected to the pump housing (21), said switching apparatus swithing the one or the other heat circuits (8 or 15) in series with the primary heat exchanger (3), characterised in that the switching apparatus (7) lies on the warm side of the primary heat exchanger (3) in the conducting line (6) to the heat circuits (8,15).
- A gas boiler according to claim 1, characterised in that part of the pressure difference produced by the pump (4) acts as a closing force on the switching apparatus (7).
- A gas boiler according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that the switching body (33;37) of the switching apparatus (7) is arranged in a chamber of the pump housing (21) which is separated from the delivery flow flowing directly through the pump (4).
- A gas boiler according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that the switching apparatus (7) comprises a closing body (33) which is connected to a shaft (3) guided through a wall (31) of the pump housing (21), said control apparatus (28) be attached to said shaft in a rotatably fixed manner.
- A gas boiler according to claim 4, characterised in that the control apparatus (28) and the closing body (33) of the switching apparatus (7) together with the shaft (30), form a constructional component, which together with the intermediate wall (31) of the pump housing (21), interspersed by the shaft (30), and a tube section (26) of the suction side of the pump (4), form an assembly unit which is incorporated into the pump housing (21) in a pressure tight and sealed manner.
- A gas boiler according to claim 5, characterised in that the assembly unit is formed as a cartridge insertable into the pump housing (21).
- A pump unit for a gas boiler according to one of the previous claims comprising a centrifugal pump (4) driven by an electric motor and a control apparatus (28) arranged on its delivery side and controlled by the rotational speed or the rotational direction for operating a switching apparatus (7) connected to the pump housing (21), characterised in that the switching body (33;37) of the switching apparatus (7) is arranged in a chamber of the pump housing (21) which is separated flow-wise from the delivery flow which flows directly through the pump (4).
- A pump unit according to claim 7, characterised in that the switching apparatus (7) comprises a closing body (33) which is connected to a shaft (30) guided through a wall (31) of the pump housing (21), said control apparatus (28) be attached to said shaft in a rotatably fixed manner.
- A pump unit according to one of the previous claims 7 or 8, characterised in that the control apparatus (28) and the closing body (33) of the switching apparatus (7) together with the shaft (30), form a constructional component, which together with the intermediate wall (31) of the pump housing (21), interspersed by the shaft (30), and a tube section (26) of the suction side of the pump (4), form an assembly unit which is incorporated into the pump housing (21) in a pressure tight and sealed manner.
- A pump unit according to claim 9, characterised in that the assembly unit is formed as a cartridge insertable into the pump housing (21).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4127822 | 1991-08-23 | ||
| DE4127822A DE4127822C2 (en) | 1991-08-23 | 1991-08-23 | Device for space heating and water heating |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0529353A1 EP0529353A1 (en) | 1993-03-03 |
| EP0529353B1 true EP0529353B1 (en) | 1996-04-17 |
Family
ID=6438860
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP92113243A Expired - Lifetime EP0529353B1 (en) | 1991-08-23 | 1992-08-04 | Gasboiler |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5248085A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0529353B1 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR0135411B1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4143492C2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107250556A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2017-10-13 | 格兰富控股联合股份公司 | Hydraulic system |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4216039A1 (en) * | 1992-05-15 | 1993-11-18 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Gas-heated water heater for space heating and domestic water preparation |
| GB2301423A (en) * | 1995-03-18 | 1996-12-04 | Clive Michael Perry | Heat exchanger management system |
| DE19606431A1 (en) * | 1996-02-22 | 1997-08-28 | Wilo Gmbh | Three-way valve for hydraulic interface |
| US6109339A (en) * | 1996-07-15 | 2000-08-29 | First Company, Inc. | Heating system |
| DE19632605A1 (en) * | 1996-08-13 | 1998-02-19 | Wilo Gmbh | Hydraulic assembly for a combined heating water and sanitary water system |
| JPH10281477A (en) * | 1997-03-28 | 1998-10-23 | Daewoo Electron Co Ltd | Method and device for controlling two-way pump for gas boiler |
| DE19819714A1 (en) * | 1998-05-02 | 1999-11-04 | Wilo Gmbh | Hydraulic assembly with pressure sensor for a combined heating and sanitary water system |
| KR100594227B1 (en) | 2003-06-19 | 2006-07-03 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Low Power Low Noise Comparator with Inverter with Reduced Peak Current |
| WO2013098142A1 (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-04 | Grundfos Holding A/S | Pump unit |
| EP2708825B1 (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2016-12-07 | Grundfos Holding A/S | Method for controlling a circulating pump in an assembly with at least two circuits |
| FR3016935A1 (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2015-07-31 | Saint Gobain Performance Plast | MODULAR PUMP |
| EP3037670B1 (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2019-07-31 | Grundfos Holding A/S | Hydraulic system |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0460399A2 (en) * | 1990-05-04 | 1991-12-11 | Grundfos International A/S | Centrifugal pump and gasboiler including the same |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1188694B (en) * | 1986-05-23 | 1988-01-20 | Nuovo Pignone Ind Meccaniche & | DOMESTIC WATER TEMPERATURE REGULATION SYSTEM IN GAS MIXED WALL-MOUNTED BOILERS |
| FR2646212B1 (en) * | 1989-04-21 | 1994-04-15 | Icf | FLUID CIRCULATION AND DISPENSING APPARATUS |
-
1991
- 1991-08-23 DE DE4143492A patent/DE4143492C2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1992
- 1992-08-04 DE DE59206007T patent/DE59206007D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-08-04 EP EP92113243A patent/EP0529353B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-08-07 US US07/927,693 patent/US5248085A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-08-14 KR KR1019920014706A patent/KR0135411B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0460399A2 (en) * | 1990-05-04 | 1991-12-11 | Grundfos International A/S | Centrifugal pump and gasboiler including the same |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107250556A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2017-10-13 | 格兰富控股联合股份公司 | Hydraulic system |
| CN107250556B (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2020-08-25 | 格兰富控股联合股份公司 | Hydraulic system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4143492C2 (en) | 1995-08-03 |
| KR0135411B1 (en) | 1998-04-23 |
| US5248085A (en) | 1993-09-28 |
| KR930004718A (en) | 1993-03-23 |
| EP0529353A1 (en) | 1993-03-03 |
| DE59206007D1 (en) | 1996-05-23 |
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