EP0599234B1 - Electrical switching device - Google Patents
Electrical switching device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0599234B1 EP0599234B1 EP93118705A EP93118705A EP0599234B1 EP 0599234 B1 EP0599234 B1 EP 0599234B1 EP 93118705 A EP93118705 A EP 93118705A EP 93118705 A EP93118705 A EP 93118705A EP 0599234 B1 EP0599234 B1 EP 0599234B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- switching
- switching device
- lever arrangement
- operating element
- rocker
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
- H01H13/50—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member
- H01H13/56—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member the contact returning to its original state upon the next application of operating force
- H01H13/60—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member the contact returning to its original state upon the next application of operating force with contact-driving member moved alternately in opposite directions
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrical switching device, in particular a parallel stroke button, according to the preamble of claim 1 (see EP-A-76 450).
- Electrical switching devices are used to close or interrupt electrical circuits, with a rocker switch often being actuated by means of a manual actuating element to act upon switching contacts.
- the switching rocker has the task of converting the switching movement impressed by the manual actuation element into a switching operation with as little delay as possible, ie. H. to operate the switch contacts accordingly.
- parallel-stroke buttons there is also the fact that the rectilinear movement of the manual actuating element is converted into a pivoting movement of the switch contacts by the switching rocker.
- an electrical push button switch with a pivotably mounted pressure bracket in which a tilting element acting on a tiltable contact element is operatively connected to a plunger is arranged on a manual control element pressure bracket.
- the contact element and the tilting element are combined to form a contact rocker and provided with a switching link.
- the pressure bracket is designed as a swivel slide, the bearing pins formed in the region of its swivel axis are guided in grooves and thus enable the swivel slide to be displaced longitudinally between the pushbutton and the contact rocker.
- the known design was created to allow automatic assembly of the switching device, which required a simplification of the structure. This means that new individual parts specifically required for this switching device were required. This inevitably leads to an undesirable increase in the tool requirement and the storage of the individual parts.
- the shifting gate is arranged on the manual actuation element and the lever arrangement on the rocker switch.
- the shifting gate can also be arranged on the rocker switch and the lever arrangement on the manual operating element.
- two retaining cams can be provided for fastening the lever arrangement, which laterally surround the U-web connecting the levers.
- the U-web can be provided on both sides with recesses in which the retaining cams engage.
- integrally formed holding tabs can be provided on the U-web, which limit the recesses on both sides and are supported in the assembled state on the respectively associated holding cams with which they are non-positively and / or positively engaged. It is expedient here to produce the lever arrangement from spring material.
- At least one hollow pin is formed on the rocker switch on the side of the rocker switch facing away from the manual actuating element, which serves to receive and guide a spring-loaded switching plunger, which in turn acts on a movable switching contact.
- FIG. 1 shows an electrical switching device 10 with a housing 12, a base 14 arranged below it and a housing upper part 16.
- diametrically opposed nose-shaped locking elements 18 are formed, which engage in recesses 19 provided for this purpose in a manual actuation element 20 attached to the upper housing part 16.
- the manual control element 20 is pot-shaped with the mentioned diametrically opposite locking openings 19 arranged in its side wall for locking with the locking lugs 18 on the upper housing part 16.
- a switching link 22 which has two sliding surfaces 24, 25 arranged at an angle to one another , which are in engagement with a U-shaped lever arrangement 26.
- the lever arrangement 26 has two levers 28, 29 which point parallel upwards and is fastened to a pivotably mounted rocker switch 30.
- two holding cams 31, 32 are formed on the switching rocker 30, as can be seen particularly in FIG. 2, which hold the U-shaped lever arrangement 26 in the region of their U-web 34, ie their connecting web. border on both sides.
- the U-web 34 has lateral recesses 35, 36, in which the retaining cams 31, 32 engage.
- Holding tabs 38, 39 are arranged on both sides of the holding cams 31, 32, parallel to the longitudinal axis of the U-web 34, which are in non-positive and / or positive engagement with the holding cams 31, 32.
- These retaining tabs are integrally connected to the spring arrangement 26, which is made of spring material.
- the retaining tabs are angled slightly in the same direction from the web plane of the U-web 34 upward toward the free ends of the levers 28, 29, the horizontal distance between the free ends of the retaining tabs in each case being smaller than the corresponding width here assigned holding cams 31, 32. This achieves a special clamping effect, which is based in particular on non-positive mounting.
- At least one hollow cylindrical pin 40 is formed with a longitudinal bore 41, which is used to hold and guide a switching plunger 44 acted upon by a compression spring 42.
- the switching plunger 44 in turn serves to actuate a contact arrangement 46, in particular to actuate a contact rocker 48, which are arranged in the base 14 of the switching device 10.
- the function of the switching device according to the invention is as follows.
- the manual actuating element 20 is in the stop on the latching lugs 18 as a result of being acted upon by a compression spring, not shown here.
- the rocker switch 30 is in the inclined position shown.
- the switching link 22 engages with the lever arrangement 26, with the lever 28 sliding along the sliding surface 24, the associated lever 28 being acted on due to the inclination of the sliding surface 24, as a result of which the contact point of the switching plunger 44 on the contact rocker 48 shifts to the right, thereby overcoming the dead center and as a result of Spring force of the spring 42 assumes its other switching position, namely the opening of the contact point 46.
- the required actuation is carried out by a linear movement of the manual actuation element 20, whereby a parallel stroke button or switch is realized.
- the manual operating element 20 is acted upon in a known manner by a spring element, not shown here, into its rest position, which is shown in FIG limit in its stroke.
Landscapes
- Push-Button Switches (AREA)
- Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)
- Tumbler Switches (AREA)
- Mechanisms For Operating Contacts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein elektrisches Schaltgerät, insbesondere einen Parallelhub-Taster, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 (siehe EP-A-76 450).The invention relates to an electrical switching device, in particular a parallel stroke button, according to the preamble of claim 1 (see EP-A-76 450).
Elektrische Schaltgeräte dienen zur Schließung bzw. zur Unterbrechung elektrischer Stromkreise, wobei häufig eine Schaltwippe zur Beaufschlagung von Schaltkontakten mittels eines Handbetätigungselements betätigt wird. Dabei hat die Schaltwippe die Aufgabe die von dem Handbetätigungselement aufgeprägte Schaltbewegung möglichst verzögerungsfrei in eine Schalthandlung umzusetzen, d. h. die Schaltkontakte dementsprechend zu betätigen. Bei sogenannten Parallelhub-Tastern kommt hinzu, daß die geradlinige Bewegung des Handbetätigungselements durch die Schaltwippe in eine Schwenkbewegung der Schaltkontakte umgesetzt wird.Electrical switching devices are used to close or interrupt electrical circuits, with a rocker switch often being actuated by means of a manual actuating element to act upon switching contacts. The switching rocker has the task of converting the switching movement impressed by the manual actuation element into a switching operation with as little delay as possible, ie. H. to operate the switch contacts accordingly. In the case of so-called parallel-stroke buttons, there is also the fact that the rectilinear movement of the manual actuating element is converted into a pivoting movement of the switch contacts by the switching rocker.
Aus der DE-A1 32 47 319 ist ein elektrischer Drucktastenschalter mit einem schwenkbar gelagerten Druckbügel bekannt geworden, bei welchem ein auf ein kippbares Kontaktelement wirkendes Kippelement in Wirkverbindung mit Stößeln eines an einem Handbetätigungselement angeordneten Druckbügels steht. Hierbei sind das Kontaktelement sowie das Kippelement zu einer Kontaktwippe vereinigt und mit einer Schaltkulisse versehen. Der Druckbügel ist als Schwenkschieber ausgestaltet, dessen im Bereich seiner Schwenkachse angeformte Lagerzapfen in Nuten geführt sind und so eine Längsverschiebung des Schwenkschiebers zwischen Drucktaste und Kontaktwippe ermöglichen. Die bekannte Gestaltung wurde geschaffen, um eine automatische Montage des Schaltgeräts zu ermöglichen, wozu eine Vereinfachung des Aufbaus erforderlich war. Das heißt, es wurden neue, eigens für dieses Schaltgerät benötigte Einzelteile benötigt. Dies führt unvermeidlich zu einer unerwünschten Vergrößerung des Werkzeugbedarfs und der Lagerhaltung der Einzelteile.From DE-A1 32 47 319 an electrical push button switch with a pivotably mounted pressure bracket has become known, in which a tilting element acting on a tiltable contact element is operatively connected to a plunger is arranged on a manual control element pressure bracket. Here, the contact element and the tilting element are combined to form a contact rocker and provided with a switching link. The pressure bracket is designed as a swivel slide, the bearing pins formed in the region of its swivel axis are guided in grooves and thus enable the swivel slide to be displaced longitudinally between the pushbutton and the contact rocker. The known design was created to allow automatic assembly of the switching device, which required a simplification of the structure. This means that new individual parts specifically required for this switching device were required. This inevitably leads to an undesirable increase in the tool requirement and the storage of the individual parts.
Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung ein Schaltgerät der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, das unter weitgehender Verwendung vorhandener Einzelteile kostengünstig herstellbar und funktionssicher aufgebaut ist.It is an object of the invention to provide a switching device of the type mentioned, which is inexpensive to manufacture and functionally reliable using existing individual parts.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of patent claim 1.
In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Schaltkulisse am Handbetätigungselement und die Hebelanordnung an der Schaltwippe angeordnet sind. Gemäß einer anderen zweckmäßigen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann die Schaltkulisse auch an der Schaltwippe und die Hebelanordnung an dem Handbetätigungselement angeordnet sein.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention it can be provided that the shifting gate is arranged on the manual actuation element and the lever arrangement on the rocker switch. According to another expedient embodiment of the invention, the shifting gate can also be arranged on the rocker switch and the lever arrangement on the manual operating element.
Vorteilhafterweise können zur Befestigung der Hebelanordnung zwei Haltenocken vorgesehen sein, welche den die Hebel verbindenden U-Steg seitlich einfassen. Dabei kann der U-Steg beiderseits mit Ausnehmungen versehen sein, in welche die Haltenocken eingreifen.Advantageously, two retaining cams can be provided for fastening the lever arrangement, which laterally surround the U-web connecting the levers. The U-web can be provided on both sides with recesses in which the retaining cams engage.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung können am U-Steg einstückig angeformte Haltelaschen vorgesehen sein, welche die Ausnehmungen beiderseits begrenzen und sich im montierten Zustand am jeweils zugeordneten Haltenocken abstützen, mit dem sie kraft- und/oder formschlüssig im Eingriff sind. Hierbei ist es zweckmäßig, die Hebelanordnung aus Federwerkstoff herzustellen.In a further embodiment of the invention, integrally formed holding tabs can be provided on the U-web, which limit the recesses on both sides and are supported in the assembled state on the respectively associated holding cams with which they are non-positively and / or positively engaged. It is expedient here to produce the lever arrangement from spring material.
Entsprechend einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist an der dem Handbetätigungselement abgewandten Seite der Schaltwippe wenigstens ein Hohlzapfen an der Schaltwippe angeformt, der zur Aufnahme und Führung eines federbelasteten Schaltstößels dient, der seinerseits einen beweglichen Schaltkontakt beaufschlagt.According to a further embodiment of the invention, at least one hollow pin is formed on the rocker switch on the side of the rocker switch facing away from the manual actuating element, which serves to receive and guide a spring-loaded switching plunger, which in turn acts on a movable switching contact.
Diese und weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstände der Unteransprüche.These and other advantageous configurations are the subject of the dependent claims.
Anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung sollen die Erfindung, vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Verbesserungen sowie besondere Vorteile der Erfindung näher erläutert und beschrieben werden.The invention, advantageous refinements and improvements and special advantages of the invention are to be explained and described in more detail using an exemplary embodiment of the invention illustrated in the drawing.
Es zeigen:
- Figur 1
- einen Längsschnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Schaltgerät im betätigten Zustand
- Figur 2
- eine Schnittansicht entsprechend Schnittlinie II in Figur 1
- Figur 3
- das Schaltgerät gemäß Figur 1 im unbetätigten Zustand
- Figure 1
- a longitudinal section through a switching device according to the invention in the actuated state
- Figure 2
- 2 shows a sectional view corresponding to section line II in FIG. 1
- Figure 3
- the switching device according to Figure 1 in the unactuated state
Figur 1 zeigt ein elektrisches Schaltgerät 10 mit einem Gehäuse 12, einem unterhalb davon angeordneten Sockel 14 und einem Gehäuseoberteil 16.FIG. 1 shows an
Am Gehäuseoberteil 16 sind diametral gegenüberliegend nasenförmige Rastelemente 18 angeformt, die in hierfür vorgesehene Ausnehmungen 19 eines an das Gehäuseoberteil 16 angesetzten Handbetätigungselements 20 eingreifen.On the
Das Handbetätigungselement 20 ist topfähnlich ausgebildet mit den erwähnten diametral gegenüberliegend in seiner Seitenwand angeordneten Rastöffnungen 19 für die Verrastung mit den Rastnasen 18 am Gehäuseoberteil 16. Im Inneren des Handbetätigungselements 20 ist eine Schaltkulisse 22 angeordnet, welche zwei im Winkel zueinander angestellte Gleitflächen 24, 25 besitzt, die im Eingriff sind mit einer U-förmig ausgebildeten Hebelanordnung 26. Die Hebelanordnung 26 besitzt zwei zueinander parallel nach oben weisende Hebel 28, 29 und ist an einer schwenkbar gelagerten Schaltwippe 30 befestigt. Hierzu sind an der Schaltwippe 30, wie insbesondere aus Figur 2 ersichtlich ist zwei Haltenocken 31, 32 angeformt, welche die U-förmige Hebelanordnung 26 im Bereich ihres U-Stegs 34, d. h. ihres Verbindungsstegs, beiderseits einfassen. Zu diesem Zweck weist der U-Steg 34 seitliche Ausnehmungen 35, 36 auf, in welche die Haltenocken 31, 32 eingreifen.The
Beiderseits der Haltenocken 31, 32 sind jeweils parallel zur Längsachse des U-Stegs 34 Haltelaschen 38, 39 angeordnet, welche im kraft- und/oder formschlüssigen Eingriff mit den Haltenocken 31, 32 stehen. Diese Haltelaschen sind einstückig mit der Federanordnung 26 verbunden, die aus Federwerkstoff hergestellt ist. Vorzugsweise sind die Haltelaschen leicht gleichsinnig aus der Stegebene des U-Stegs 34 nach oben zu den freien Enden der Hebel 28, 29 hin gerichtet abgewinkelt, wobei in Ruhelage der horizontale Abstand zwischen den freien Enden der Haltelaschen jeweils kleiner ist als die entsprechende Breite der hier zugeordneten Haltenocken 31, 32. Hierdurch wird eine besondere Klemmwirkung erzielt, die insbesondere auf kraftschlüssiger Halterung beruht.
An der gegenüberliegenden Seite der Schaltwippe 30, d. h. unterhalb, ist wenigstens ein hohlzylindrischer Zapfen 40 mit einer Längsbohrung 41 angeformt, der zur Halterung und Führung eines von einer Druckfeder 42 beaufschlagten Schaltstößels 44 dient.On the opposite side of the
Der Schaltstößel 44 dient seinerseits zur Betätigung einer Kontaktanordnung 46, insbesondere zur Betätigung einer Kontaktwippe 48, die im Sockel 14 des Schaltgeräts 10 angeordnet sind.The
Die Funktion des erfindungsgemäßen Schaltgeräts ist wie folgt. Im Ruhezustand befindet sich das Handbetätigungselement 20 im Anschlag an den Rastnasen 18 infolge Beaufschlagung durch eine hier nicht näher dargestellte Druckfeder. Die Schaltwippe 30 befindet sich hierbei in der gezeigten Schräglage. Bei Betätigung des Handbetätigungselements 20 gelangt die Schaltkulisse 22 in Eingriff mit der Hebelanordnung 26, wobei der Hebel 28 an der Gleitfläche 24 entlanggleitet, wobei aufgrund der Neigung der Gleitfläche 24 der zugehörige Hebel 28 nach außen beaufschlagt wird, wodurch sich der Auflagepunkt des Schaltstößels 44 an der Kontaktwippe 48 nach rechts verlagert, hierbei den Totpunkt überwindet und infolge der Federkraft der Feder 42 seine andere Schaltstellung, nämlich der Öffnen der Kontaktstelle 46, einnimmt. Die erforderliche Betätigung erfolgt durch eine geradlinige Bewegung des Handbetätigungselements 20, wodurch ein Parallelhub-Taster bzw. -Schalter realisiert ist.The function of the switching device according to the invention is as follows. In the idle state, the manual actuating
In Figur 3 ist das Schaltgerät 10, das in Figur 1 bereits dargestellt und erläutert wurde, im unbetätigten Zustand gezeigt. Demgemäß gelten hier für gleiche Merkmale die gleichen Bezugsziffern.In Figure 3, the
Bei dieser Darstellung ist ersichtlich, wie die Umschaltung der Schaltwippe 30 aufgrund der Beaufschlagung der daran angeordneten Hebelanordnung 26 erfolgt. Mit Hilfe der Schaltkulisse 22 wird einer der beiden Hebel 28, 29 der Hebelanordnung 26 beim Niederdrücken des topfähnlichen Handbetätigungselements 20 beaufschlagt.In this illustration it can be seen how the switching
Das Handbetätigungselement 20 wird in bekannter Weise von einem hier nicht näher gezeigten Federelement in seine in Figur 3 dargestellte Ruhelage beaufschlagt, wobei am Gehäuseoberteil 16 angeformte Rastnasen 18 in jeweils in eine hierfür vorgesehene Ausnehmung greifen und am unteren Anschlag 17 in Anlage gehen und das Handbetätigungselement 20 in seinem Hubweg begrenzen.The
Claims (8)
- Electrical switching device (10) in particular a parallel-travel spring-return switch or switch having a hand operating element (20) and having a switching rocker (30), which can be acted on by said hand operating element (20) and is-mounted such that it can pivot, for operating switching contacts (46), and having a switching coupling (22,26) which is arranged between the hand operating element and the switching rocker (30) in order to act on the latter, and is formed by a switching link (22) and a lever arrangement which engages with the switching link (22), which switching link (22) has two sliding surfaces (24,25) which are positioned at an angle to one another and along which a lever (28,29) of the lever arrangement (26) slides alternately and in consequence produces a change in the position of the switching rocker (30),
characterized in that
the lever arrangement (26) is formed by two levers (28,29) which are arranged in a U-shape with respect to one another, are integrally connected to one another by a web (34) and are held by at least one integrally-formed projection (31,32) which is fitted to the hand operating element (20) or to the switching rocker (30), respectively. - Switching device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the switching link (22) is arranged on the hand operating element (20), and the lever arrangement (26) is arranged on the switching rocker (30).
- Switching device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the switching link (22) is arranged on the switching rocker (30) and the lever arrangement (26) is arranged on the hand operating element (20).
- Switching device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two retaining studs are provided for fixing of the lever arrangement (26), which retaining studs grip the web (34), which connects the levers (28,29) at the sides.
- Switching device according to Claim 4, characterized in that the web (34) has recesses (35,36) on both sides in which the retaining studs (31,32) engage.
- Switching device according to Claim 5, characterized in that the recesses (35,36) on the web (34) are gripped by retaining lugs (38,39) which are integrally formed on the lever arrangement (26) and are supported on the associated retaining stud (31, 32).
- Switching device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lever arrangement (26) is formed from spring steel.
- Switching device according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that at least one hollow pin (40) is integrally formed on the side of the switching rocker (30) facing away from the hand operating element (20), in order to accommodate and guide a spring-loaded switching plunger (44) which acts on the contact point (46)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4239707 | 1992-11-26 | ||
| DE4239707A DE4239707C2 (en) | 1992-11-26 | 1992-11-26 | Electrical switching device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0599234A1 EP0599234A1 (en) | 1994-06-01 |
| EP0599234B1 true EP0599234B1 (en) | 1997-01-15 |
Family
ID=6473668
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP93118705A Expired - Lifetime EP0599234B1 (en) | 1992-11-26 | 1993-11-22 | Electrical switching device |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0599234B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE147887T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE4239707C2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005009776A1 (en) * | 2005-03-03 | 2006-09-21 | BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH | On / off system and electrical appliance |
| DE102009012937B4 (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2012-01-19 | Abb Ag | Switch insert of an electrical installation device |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1580318A (en) * | 1968-05-30 | 1969-09-05 | ||
| FR1580309A (en) * | 1968-06-21 | 1969-09-05 | ||
| DE3046831C2 (en) * | 1980-12-12 | 1985-03-14 | SWF Auto-Electric GmbH, 7120 Bietigheim-Bissingen | Electrical switch, in particular push button switch |
| DE3139284A1 (en) * | 1981-10-02 | 1983-04-21 | Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim | ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION SWITCH |
| DE3247319A1 (en) * | 1982-12-21 | 1984-06-28 | Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim | ELECTRIC PUSH BUTTON SWITCH WITH A SWIVEL BEARING PRESSURE BAR |
| CH682024A5 (en) * | 1991-03-26 | 1993-06-30 | Feller Ag |
-
1992
- 1992-11-26 DE DE4239707A patent/DE4239707C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-11-22 EP EP93118705A patent/EP0599234B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-11-22 AT AT93118705T patent/ATE147887T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE147887T1 (en) | 1997-02-15 |
| DE4239707A1 (en) | 1994-06-01 |
| DE4239707C2 (en) | 2003-07-31 |
| EP0599234A1 (en) | 1994-06-01 |
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