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EP0588271B1 - Portable transceiver apparatus with low irradiation of the user, employing an antenna having an asymmetric radiation pattern - Google Patents

Portable transceiver apparatus with low irradiation of the user, employing an antenna having an asymmetric radiation pattern Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0588271B1
EP0588271B1 EP93114643A EP93114643A EP0588271B1 EP 0588271 B1 EP0588271 B1 EP 0588271B1 EP 93114643 A EP93114643 A EP 93114643A EP 93114643 A EP93114643 A EP 93114643A EP 0588271 B1 EP0588271 B1 EP 0588271B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
user
handset
irradiation
portable transceiver
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93114643A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0588271A1 (en
Inventor
Claudio Maggio
Luigi Panico
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel Lucent SAS
Original Assignee
Alcatel SA
Alcatel Alsthom Compagnie Generale dElectricite
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcatel SA, Alcatel Alsthom Compagnie Generale dElectricite filed Critical Alcatel SA
Publication of EP0588271A1 publication Critical patent/EP0588271A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0588271B1 publication Critical patent/EP0588271B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/245—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with means for shaping the antenna pattern, e.g. in order to protect user against rf exposure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a portable transceiver apparatus, in particular a radiomobile telephone set, with low irradiation of the user, including a handset and an antenna applied to said handset.
  • FIGs. 1 and 2 there are illustrated schematically in a side view two of such sets nowadays extensively used on the market, in particular in Fig. 1 the Motorola 8800X model and in Fig. 2 the 9800X one; however the schematic side view of Fig. 1 is the view of all the portable transceiver apparatuses.
  • Such apparatuses basically comprise a handset AC and an antenna AA applied to the handset.
  • Located inside said handset generally are a loudspeaker AL, a microphone AM, a control panel AK and the circuitry for operating the apparatus.
  • the antenna AA of a radiomobile telephone set and, more in general, of a portable transceiver apparatus is placed in the upper portion of the handset AC; several models, all of the retractile and fixed whip type are available.
  • FIGs. 1 and 2 two schematic side views of two prior art portable transceiver apparatuses can be seen; for the purpose of describing the present invention it will suffice to say that such apparatuses comprise a handset AC and an antenna AA applied to the handset AC.
  • the solution, in accordance with the present invention, for limiting the irradiation of the user's head caused by a portable transceiver apparatus consists in using an antenna AA having a suitable asymmetric radiation pattern, such as to be extremely limited in the direction of the user's head.
  • Fig. 3 e.g., there is shown one of many possible radiation patterns RD of the assembly formed by handset AC and antenna AA in accordance with the present invention, represented in overlap to an apparatus and to the head U of its user.
  • Such radiation patterns having special shape can be obtained through suitable choice of the type and shape of antenna AA.
  • a first possibility consists in using a screened whip antenna. Another possibility is to use high frequency antenna arrays.
  • Such arrays basically comprise at least one horizontal-dipole radiator located at a suitable distance from a horizontal conducting plane.
  • Several dipoles may be placed in parallel to form bays and several bays can be associated to form curtains.
  • the radiation pattern assumes special shapes respectively increasing the vertical and horizontal directivity.
  • At least one reflector can be placed in the back zone to limit the radiation pattern in suitable directions; such reflectors can be constituted by tuned dipoles operating in a passive manner, or by a vertical reflecting screen, composed of densely-spaced horizontal turns.
  • antennas usable individually or in array fashion are, e.g., horizontal rhombic antennas, long singlewire antennas, horizontal V antennas both resonant and terminated.
  • the antenna when the apparatus is not in use, the antenna can be located inside it and, when the apparatus is to be used, it can be drawn out by sliding or by turning over; this in order to reduce the overall dimensions and the handiness of the apparatus when not in use, of course.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Transceivers (AREA)
  • Transmitters (AREA)
  • Telephone Set Structure (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Adornments (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a portable transceiver apparatus, in particular a radiomobile telephone set, with low irradiation of the user, comprising a handset and an antenna, having an asymmetric radiation pattern, applied to said handset. Since such apparatuses, when in use, are placed alongside the user's head, a great amount of electromagnetic waves pass through it, in particular with the continuous increase in the transmission frequency and the consequent decrease in the dimension of the antenna the irradiation of the user's head is and will become a serious problem. The aim of the invention is to provide a portable transceiver apparatus so as to minimize the irradiation of its user. By using an antenna having an asymmetric irradiation pattern such as to be extremely limited in the directions of the user's head, a greatly reduced irradiation can be obtained. <IMAGE>

Description

The present invention relates to a portable transceiver apparatus, in particular a radiomobile telephone set, with low irradiation of the user, including a handset and an antenna applied to said handset.
In Figs. 1 and 2 there are illustrated schematically in a side view two of such sets nowadays extensively used on the market, in particular in Fig. 1 the Motorola 8800X model and in Fig. 2 the 9800X one; however the schematic side view of Fig. 1 is the view of all the portable transceiver apparatuses. Such apparatuses basically comprise a handset AC and an antenna AA applied to the handset. Located inside said handset generally are a loudspeaker AL, a microphone AM, a control panel AK and the circuitry for operating the apparatus.
The antenna AA of a radiomobile telephone set and, more in general, of a portable transceiver apparatus is placed in the upper portion of the handset AC; several models, all of the retractile and fixed whip type are available.
Since such apparatuses, when in use, are placed alongside the user's head, a great amount of electromagnetic waves pass through it; in particular with the continuous increase in the frequency used for transmission (at present a 900 MHz frequency is used but the trend is to reach 60 GHz in the future) the dimensions of the antenna decrease and therefore the distance between the antenna and the user's head will become practically null. Irradiation of the user's head is and will become a serious problem, actually not solved, particularly if the increase in transmission frequency is taken into account.
From EP-A-0214806 a portable transceiver is known, in which the problem of Rayleigh fading in portable radios is addressed by providing two antennas in the same handset, having particular shapes and dimensions: one narrow-band square microstrip antenna for receiving signals, and one wide band antenna connected to both receiver and transmitter through a duplexer. This solution however does not solve the problem of reducing the irradiation of the handset antenna as much as possible in the direction towards the head of the user.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a portable transceiver apparatus such as to minimize the irradiation of its user.
This object is reached through the portable transceiver apparatus having the characteristics set forth in claim 1; further advantageous aspects of the present invention are set forth in the subclaims.
By using an antenna having a suitable asymmetric radiation pattern, such as to be extremely limited in the direction of the user's head, a considerable reduction in the irradiation can be obtained.
The invention will result better from the following description thereof taken in conjunction with the attached drawings in which:
  • Figs. 1 and 2 represent schematic side views of two prior art apparatuses, and
  • Fig.3 is a possible radiation pattern of the handset-antenna assembly in accordance with the present invention,represented in overlap to an apparatus and to the user's head.
    • From Figs. 1 and 2 two schematic side views of two prior art portable transceiver apparatuses can be seen; for the purpose of describing the present invention it will suffice to say that such apparatuses comprise a handset AC and an antenna AA applied to the handset AC.
    As already said, the solution, in accordance with the present invention, for limiting the irradiation of the user's head caused by a portable transceiver apparatus consists in using an antenna AA having a suitable asymmetric radiation pattern, such as to be extremely limited in the direction of the user's head.
    Naturally the radiation pattern of antenna AA is modified by the handset AC and its content and therefore, for precision's sake, it would be necessary to consider the overall radiation pattern; very often, the contribution from handset AC can be, at least in a first approximation, neglected or made negligible by screening the handset AC itself.
    In Fig. 3, e.g., there is shown one of many possible radiation patterns RD of the assembly formed by handset AC and antenna AA in accordance with the present invention, represented in overlap to an apparatus and to the head U of its user.
    Such radiation patterns having special shape can be obtained through suitable choice of the type and shape of antenna AA. A first possibility consists in using a screened whip antenna. Another possibility is to use high frequency antenna arrays.
    An exhaustive treatment of this topic can be obtained from H. Jasik, Antenna Engineering Handbook, McGraw-Hill, in particular chap. 21 (High-Frequency Arrays) and from section 30.6 (Strip Transmission Lines).
    Such arrays basically comprise at least one horizontal-dipole radiator located at a suitable distance from a horizontal conducting plane.
    Several dipoles may be placed in parallel to form bays and several bays can be associated to form curtains. Depending on the number and position, the radiation pattern assumes special shapes respectively increasing the vertical and horizontal directivity.
    In addition to the radiator(s) at least one reflector can be placed in the back zone to limit the radiation pattern in suitable directions; such reflectors can be constituted by tuned dipoles operating in a passive manner, or by a vertical reflecting screen, composed of densely-spaced horizontal turns.
    Other types of antennas usable individually or in array fashion are, e.g., horizontal rhombic antennas, long singlewire antennas, horizontal V antennas both resonant and terminated.
    It is clear that in order to implement advantageously such types of antennas for use on portable transceiver apparatuses one must be able to reduce at the maximum extent their overall dimensions. Variously-shaped microstrip structure and, in addition, metalling conducting planes are then used, if needed; the whole arranged on a board, of course.
    An exhaustive treatment on microstrip antennas can be found both in the above-mentioned book and in Collin, Robert "Antennas and Radiowave Propagation" McGraw-Hill, in particular at section 4.14 (Microstrip Antennas).
    If the antenna is housed on a board, when the apparatus is not in use, the antenna can be located inside it and, when the apparatus is to be used, it can be drawn out by sliding or by turning over; this in order to reduce the overall dimensions and the handiness of the apparatus when not in use, of course.
    The possible conformations of the microstrip structures which form the antenna are very many and everyone skilled in the art will be able to find the one which is best suitable for his needs in terms of operating frequency band, of directivity and of gain.

    Claims (10)

    1. Portable transceiver apparatus, in particular radiomobile telephone set, with low irradiation of the user, including a handset and an antenna applied to said handset, characterized in that said antenna has an asymmetric radiation pattern such as to be extremely limited in the directions of the user's head.
    2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that said antenna comprises a screened whip antenna.
    3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that said antenna comprises at least one horizontal dipole radiator disposed at a suitable distance from a horizontal conducting plane.
    4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that said antenna further comprises at least one reflector placed behind said radiator.
    5. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that said antenna is a rhombic antenna.
    6. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that said antenna is a long single-wire antenna.
    7. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that said antenna is a resonant or terminated V antenna.
    8. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that said antenna comprises variously conformed microstrip structures.
    9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that said antenna further comprises metallic conducting planes.
    10. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that said antenna is housed on a board that is located inside the apparatus when the latter is not used and can be drawn out by sliding or by turning over when the apparatus is to be used.
    EP93114643A 1992-09-18 1993-09-11 Portable transceiver apparatus with low irradiation of the user, employing an antenna having an asymmetric radiation pattern Expired - Lifetime EP0588271B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    ITMI922146 1992-09-18
    ITMI922146A IT1255602B (en) 1992-09-18 1992-09-18 PORTABLE LOW IRRADIANCE PORTABLE TRANSCEIVER, USING AN ANTENNA WITH ASYMMETRIC IRRADIATION DIAGRAM.

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0588271A1 EP0588271A1 (en) 1994-03-23
    EP0588271B1 true EP0588271B1 (en) 1998-05-06

    Family

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    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP93114643A Expired - Lifetime EP0588271B1 (en) 1992-09-18 1993-09-11 Portable transceiver apparatus with low irradiation of the user, employing an antenna having an asymmetric radiation pattern

    Country Status (8)

    Country Link
    EP (1) EP0588271B1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE165942T1 (en)
    AU (1) AU668748B2 (en)
    DE (1) DE69318361T2 (en)
    DK (1) DK0588271T3 (en)
    ES (1) ES2116378T3 (en)
    IT (1) IT1255602B (en)
    NZ (1) NZ248624A (en)

    Families Citing this family (15)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US6034638A (en) * 1993-05-27 2000-03-07 Griffith University Antennas for use in portable communications devices
    NL9302192A (en) * 1993-07-09 1995-02-01 Ericsson Business Mobile Netwo Wireless phone.
    DE4326117A1 (en) * 1993-08-04 1995-02-09 Philips Patentverwaltung Two-way radio with an antenna
    US5528254A (en) * 1994-05-31 1996-06-18 Motorola, Inc. Antenna and method for forming same
    GB9417450D0 (en) 1994-08-25 1994-10-19 Symmetricom Inc An antenna
    US6288682B1 (en) 1996-03-14 2001-09-11 Griffith University Directional antenna assembly
    FI962091A0 (en) * 1996-05-17 1996-05-17 Heikki Ryhaenen Frequency and frequency of operation
    FI104662B (en) * 1997-04-11 2000-04-14 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd Antenna arrangement for small radio communication devices
    SE509232C2 (en) * 1997-07-09 1998-12-21 Allgon Ab Hand portable phone with radiation absorbing device
    GB2327572B (en) * 1997-07-22 1999-06-02 Matsushita Communication Ind Telephone with multiple antenna configuration
    GB9813002D0 (en) 1998-06-16 1998-08-12 Symmetricom Inc An antenna
    GB9828768D0 (en) 1998-12-29 1999-02-17 Symmetricom Inc An antenna
    GB9902765D0 (en) 1999-02-08 1999-03-31 Symmetricom Inc An antenna
    GB9912441D0 (en) 1999-05-27 1999-07-28 Symmetricon Inc An antenna
    CN110501614A (en) * 2019-08-31 2019-11-26 广东电网有限责任公司 Induction-motor load transient process calculation method suitable for electromagnetic transient simulation

    Family Cites Families (4)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    JP2702109B2 (en) * 1985-08-29 1998-01-21 日本電気株式会社 Portable radio
    US4876552A (en) * 1988-04-27 1989-10-24 Motorola, Inc. Internally mounted broadband antenna
    US4876709A (en) * 1988-09-08 1989-10-24 Dynascan Corporation Antenna for cordless telephone system
    FR2701613B1 (en) * 1993-02-11 1995-03-31 Alcatel Radiotelephone Portable radiotelephone transceiver.

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    EP0588271A1 (en) 1994-03-23
    IT1255602B (en) 1995-11-09
    DE69318361D1 (en) 1998-06-10
    NZ248624A (en) 1996-01-26
    DK0588271T3 (en) 1998-10-07
    ITMI922146A0 (en) 1992-09-18
    DE69318361T2 (en) 1999-04-01
    ATE165942T1 (en) 1998-05-15
    AU668748B2 (en) 1996-05-16
    ES2116378T3 (en) 1998-07-16
    ITMI922146A1 (en) 1994-03-18
    AU4607593A (en) 1994-03-24

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