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EP0585203A1 - Appareil de pulvérisation par plasma - Google Patents

Appareil de pulvérisation par plasma Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0585203A1
EP0585203A1 EP93810576A EP93810576A EP0585203A1 EP 0585203 A1 EP0585203 A1 EP 0585203A1 EP 93810576 A EP93810576 A EP 93810576A EP 93810576 A EP93810576 A EP 93810576A EP 0585203 A1 EP0585203 A1 EP 0585203A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
base body
burner head
cathode
anode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93810576A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0585203B1 (fr
Inventor
Markus Dietiker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Oerlikon Metco AG
Original Assignee
Sulzer Metco AG
Plasma Tecknik AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sulzer Metco AG, Plasma Tecknik AG filed Critical Sulzer Metco AG
Publication of EP0585203A1 publication Critical patent/EP0585203A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0585203B1 publication Critical patent/EP0585203B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/42—Plasma torches using an arc with provisions for introducing materials into the plasma, e.g. powder or liquid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/28—Cooling arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3423—Connecting means, e.g. electrical connecting means or fluid connections

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plasma spraying device according to the preamble of claim 1, with which in particular cavity walls, such as those found in bores, channels or the like, can be coated.
  • the invention further relates to a burner head for such a plasma spray device according to the preamble of patent claim 9.
  • a major problem when coating cavity walls is the length of the bore or channel to be coated. Since the connection part of a plasma spraying device is generally much larger than the burner shaft with the burner placed at the end, it is not possible for the entire plasma spraying device to enter the bore to be coated be retracted. So that a small, handy device is available for short bores and a correspondingly long, adapted plasma spraying device is available for long bores, The length of the part of the plasma spraying device which is immersed in the bore should therefore also be able to be adapted accordingly for different bore depths.
  • the minimum bore or channel diameter of the inner surface to be coated is determined by the outside diameter of a plasma spraying device, in particular the burner shaft with the burner head placed at the end. This means that the more compact the burner and the shaft of such a plasma spraying device, the smaller the diameter of the tube to be coated can be.
  • the plasma jet of such a plasma spraying device should emerge radially from the burner.
  • Another problem is the heating of the parts of the plasma spraying device that reach into the pipe or the channel, since temperatures of ten thousand degrees and more are generated by the plasma flame. This problem arises to a far greater extent if coating is to be carried out in a vacuum atmosphere, since air or CO2 cannot be blown in for cooling purposes in a vacuum atmosphere, as is customary under atmospheric conditions. To damage the thermally highly stressed parts under atmospheric conditions and in particular under To avoid vacuum-like conditions, efficient cooling is essential.
  • the further problem is the dielectric strength or the insulation of the burner. Since in the case of a transferred arc, the shortest path of which is often not identical to the desired path between the cathode and the surface to be coated, for example a pipe wall, care must be taken to ensure that the burner is insulated on all sides.
  • the plasma spraying device should be designed in such a way that the insulation is unwanted even under extreme conditions Prevents transmission or striking of the arc.
  • a plasma spraying device is known for coating pipes and is marketed, for example, under the name "Type 7 MST-2" by Metco, Westbury, USA.
  • This known plasma spraying device essentially consists of a connecting piece and an extension which can be connected to it and which has an integrated burner (plasma mat) at its end.
  • the extension results in the supply of plasma gas and electrical current for the operation of the torch while the plasma powder is supplied outside the extension via a separate line.
  • a sleeve is pushed over the extension, which is screwed to the connector and thereby presses the extension onto the connector.
  • the plasma powder line itself is fastened to this by means of flanges comprising the extension.
  • a separate flange must be attached into which the plasma powder line is screwed.
  • This flange has a powder guide, via which the coating material, generally plasma powder, is fed to the actual plasma flame outside the actual burner head.
  • the plasma powder line is screwed to a powder supply line in the area of the connector.
  • the plasma torch itself which is integrated in the extension, is axially aligned with respect to the extension, so that the plasma jet also emerges axially.
  • a deflection nozzle is also provided, through which the plasma jet is deflected by approximately 40-50 degrees with respect to the longitudinal axis of the plasma spraying device.
  • the modular structure of the plasma spraying device means that one and the same burner head can be used, but with different shafts in terms of length. This practically allows an individual adjustment of the shaft length to the bore to be coated, the channel, etc. Thus, a short shaft can be used for a short bore and a correspondingly long shaft for a deep bore.
  • the modular design also reduces the changeover time to a minimum, making it much easier for the user to adapt the plasma spraying device.
  • the burner shaft has a shape deviating from a straight line.
  • the shape of the burner shaft can be adapted to the object to be coated, so that, for example, curved tubes can also be coated. It is also conceivable to use different burner shafts for coating a complex object, so that a respectively adapted burner shaft is used for partial surfaces of the object to be coated.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the burner head provides that both the anode nozzle and the cathode arrangement are accessible from the outside, so that these parts can be replaced quickly and easily by the user in the event of a defect or appropriate wear.
  • the powder injector designed as a clamping jaw of the anode nozzle can also be removed or replaced by loosening a single screw. Since different powder injectors with different cross-sections are also available, the injection speed of the plasma powder can be varied by exchanging the powder injector.
  • the insulating body which is attached between the anode body and the cathode body in a preferred embodiment and which has flanges partially encompassing the anode body and the cathode body on the longitudinal side, ensures good insulation between the anode and cathode bodies.
  • such a plasma spraying device is particularly suitable for the interior coating of narrow pipes and in particular also for coatings in a vacuum.
  • Another preferred embodiment of the burner head provides a series connection of the cooling water circuit in the burner head. This means that the cathode arrangement and the anode nozzle are the same Cooling water circuit are connected. This favors a compact design of the plasma spraying device and also results in a minimized number of bushings and plug connections between the individual modules. This also ensures that the same amount of water flows around the anode nozzle and the cathode arrangement.
  • This plasma spray device essentially consists of three modular units. These three units are a connection element 1, a burner shaft 2 and a burner head 3. The burner shaft 2 is fastened to the connection element 1 by means of screws 6 and the burner head 3 is fastened to the burner shaft 2 by means of screws 7.
  • the media necessary for the operation of the plasma spraying device are supplied via supply lines (not shown) which are screwed or plugged onto connections 9.
  • the connections 9 attached to the connection element 1 are arranged radially with respect to the longitudinal axis of the plasma spraying device.
  • an anode nozzle 11 attached to the burner head 3, from which the plasma flame emerges radially opposite the longitudinal axis of the plasma spraying device during operation, and a protective shield 5 can be seen from this illustration.
  • 1b also shows a ceramic cap 4 which can be attached to the burner head 3 for its thermal and electrical insulation.
  • This ceramic cap 4 has an oval recess 8 and a bore 10. The recess 8 leaves the anode nozzle 11 free when the ceramic cap is attached.
  • the bore 10 serves to fasten the ceramic cap 4 to the burner head 3 by inserting a fastening screw through the bore 10 and screwing it into a corresponding thread in the burner head 3. Constructive details are not apparent from these figures, since these are explained below using further figures. However, this illustration is intended to illustrate the compact design of the plasma spraying device.
  • 2a to 2c show the parts or details essential for the attachment of the three structural units 1, 2, 3.
  • the three structural units 1, 2, 3 of the plasma spraying device are each shown individually in a view from the side.
  • 2d shows the connection element in the direction of arrow A from behind, in FIG. 2e the burner shaft 2 in arrow direction B also from behind and in FIG. 2f the burner head in arrow direction C from the front.
  • connection element 1 designed for the connection of burner medium supply lines consists of a round base body 15 angled by 90 °.
  • the burner shaft 2 is designed as a tubular extension for the supply of the burner media from the connection element 1 to the burner head 3.
  • the burner shaft 2 is just executed in this embodiment. Further embodiments are explained below.
  • the burner head 3 is responsible for generating a plasma flame.
  • This burner head 3 has a cylindrical basic shape and has approximately the same outer diameter as the burner shaft 2.
  • connection element 1 there is a round opening 17 directed towards the burner shaft 2, which corresponds to the outside diameter of the burner shaft 2 and serves to fix the same. At the bottom of this opening 17, a groove 18 is made.
  • the connection element 1 has three bores 19 distributed parallel to the longitudinal axis 25 of the plasma spraying device and concentrically around this longitudinal axis 25.
  • connections 20, 21, 22, 23 are attached, via which the media necessary for the operation of the plasma spraying device and the power supply are supplied.
  • the connections 20, 21 and 23 are provided with threads for fastening the supply lines and the connection 22 with a corresponding plug connection.
  • the lines and channels for the burner media, starting from the connections 20, 21, 22, 23 and leading through the connecting element 1 and the burner shaft 2, are not shown in these representations for the sake of clarity.
  • the tubular burner shaft 2 has a strip 26 at the rear end directed towards the connection element 1. Furthermore, the burner shaft 2 has a collar 27 which surrounds it. The distance of this collar 27 from the rear end of the burner shaft 2 corresponds to the depth of the opening 17 present in the connecting element 1. Three internal threads 28 are distributed around the periphery of the collar 27.
  • the burner shaft 2 has a cylindrical recess 30.
  • a groove 31 is in turn attached to the bottom of this recess 30.
  • Two blind threads 32 start from this groove 31.
  • the burner head 3 has a cylindrical shoulder 36, which corresponds in shape and position to the cylindrical recess 30 of the burner shaft 2.
  • a strip 34 is formed on the burner head 3, which corresponds in shape and position to the groove 31 of the burner shaft 2. At the level of this bar 34, two bores 33 run through the burner head 3 in the longitudinal direction.
  • the burner head 3 is fastened to the burner shaft 2 by passing the two screws 7 through the bores 33 of the burner head 3 and screwing them into the blind thread 31.
  • a certain centering and alignment of the burner head 3 results on the one hand from the shoulder 36 inserted into the cylindrical recess 30 and on the other hand through the ledge 34 engaging in the groove 31.
  • the burner shaft 2, which is designed as an extension, is then attached to the connecting element 1.
  • the screws 6 are inserted through the bores 19 of the connection element 1 and screwed into the internal thread 28 of the collar 27.
  • a certain alignment and centering of the burner shaft 2 with respect to the connection element 1 is again achieved here by the strip 26 engaging in the groove 18.
  • FIG. 2g to 2i show some further possible embodiments of burner shafts.
  • FIG. 2g shows a cranked burner shaft 102, while a curved burner shaft 202 is shown in FIG. 2h and a rounded burner shaft 302 is shown in FIG. 2i.
  • the burner shafts 102, 202, 302 designed in this way are fastened in the same way as was described with reference to FIGS. 2a to 2c.
  • its burner-side end 105 runs parallel to the connection element-side end 107.
  • the length and angle ⁇ of the angled part 117 of the burner shaft 102 can determine the parallel offset of the two ends 105, 107.
  • the angle b between the burner-side end 105 and the angled part 117 of the burner shaft 102 corresponds to the angle a.
  • the angle a is not equal to the angle b.
  • a burner shaft 102 designed according to FIG. 2g allows, for example, a cylindrical body, which has only a small opening, to be coated on the inside. Let the burner shaft 102 with the burner head attached to it rotating into the body about the longitudinal central axis 25 of the plasma spraying device, an inner cavity that is much larger than the opening can be coated in this way.
  • the position of the burner shaft 202 on the burner shaft 202 can be determined by the angle c between the longitudinal center axis 25 of the plasma spraying device and the longitudinal center axis 213 of the end 205 of the burner head vary the burner head to be attached. This angle c thus has a direct influence on the exit angle of the plasma jet.
  • the length of the angled part 211 can also influence the position of the burner head with respect to the longitudinal central axis 25 of the plasma spraying device.
  • FIG. 2i A further exemplary embodiment of the burner shaft 302 can be seen in FIG. 2i, in which a part 311 of the burner shaft 302 is bent. With such a configuration, even curved pipes and the like can be coated on the inside. It is thus possible to coat a wide variety of cavity walls using differently designed burner shafts 102, 202, 302.
  • the burner shafts 102, 202, 302 can be exchanged for coating intertwined cavities consisting of different partial surfaces, and the individual partial surfaces of a complex object can thus be coated.
  • angles a, b, c and radii r of these burner shafts 102, 202, 302 can vary within a wide range, and that other embodiments of the burner shafts 102, 202, 302 are also conceivable.
  • FIGS. 3a to 3c show a longitudinal section through the three structural units 1, 2, 3 to illustrate the one between the cooling water lines 40, 45, 52, 53 on the one hand and between the cooling water lines 52, 53 and the cooling water channels 135, 136 and each consisting of one Plugs 39, 44, 66, 67 and a socket 49, 50, 58, 60 existing plug connections.
  • FIGS. 3d to 3f in turn show a longitudinal section through the three structural units to illustrate the existing between the plasma gas lines 75, 76, 77 and the plasma powder lines 70, 71, 72 and each consisting of a sealing ring 84, 85; 86, 87 and a collar 79, 80; 81, 82 existing butt joints.
  • 3b and 3e each show the burner shaft 2.
  • This has an inserted end cap 56, 57 made of thermally highly resilient plastic at both ends.
  • These end caps 56, 57 are used to fasten the two cooling water lines 52, 53 and the plasma gas and plasma powder line 76, 71 in the burner shaft 2.
  • a special feature of the plasma spraying device is that the cooling water circulates in the cooling water lines 40, 45, 52, 53 and the cooling water channels 135, 136, and in addition that the electrical power supply is provided by the metal lines Burner head 3 takes place.
  • radial channels 91, 93 each lead from the bushes 49, 58 into the casing tube 92 of the burner shaft 2.
  • the cooling water at the inlet of the burner shaft 2 can exit from the line 52 or from the bush 49 and flow through the burner shaft 2.
  • the cooling water can then flow into the bushing 58 via the radial channels 93 and reach the cooling channel 135 via the plug 66.
  • the electrical connection between the two sockets 49, 58 is ensured by a rod-shaped current conductor 62.
  • the exact functioning of this cooling water circuit is described below with reference to FIGS. 4, 4a and 4b. Since the two cooling water lines 52, 53 are at different potential, the two end caps 56, 57 also serve as an insulator between the sockets 49, 50, 58, 60. Since the cooling water lines or the cooling water channels are also connected in series via the burner head, it is of course necessary to use an electrically non-conductive or poorly conductive medium, such as high-purity water, as the cooling medium.
  • the plasma powder lines 70, 71, 72 shown in FIGS. 3e to 3f and the plasma gas lines 75, 76, 77 can each be connected to one another by means of a butt connection.
  • the basic structure of the structural units has already been mentioned above, so that the following description of the figures is limited to the essential details of the plug or butt connections.
  • Plug connections are provided for connecting the cooling water lines 40, 45 leading through the connection element 1 to the corresponding lines 52, 53 leading through the burner shaft.
  • These plug connections each consist of a metal plug 39, 44 and a metal socket 49, 50.
  • the plugs 39, 44 are designed such that they have a collar 41, 46 at their rear end. If the plugs 39, 44 are now inserted into the corresponding sockets 49, 50 and the connecting element 1 is screwed to the burner shaft 2, the collar 41, 46 comes to rest on the end faces 54, 55 of the sockets 49, 50 and thus arises one contact area each. The electrical current can now be transferred from one line to the other via these contact surfaces.
  • the plug connections for the cooling water and the electrical current which are in turn formed from plug core 66, 67 and sockets 58, 60, are also formed in the same way between the burner shaft 2 and the burner head 3.
  • the essential difference is that an anode base body 63 made of metal and a cathode base body 64 also made of metal are present on the burner head 3.
  • the cathode base 64 is designed such that it takes over the power supply to the cathode, while the anode base body 63 ensures the power supply to the anode.
  • the channels 135, 136 necessary for cooling the burner head 3 are embedded directly in these two bodies 63, 64. Since these two bodies also consist of metal, this ensures uniform cooling of the burner head 3.
  • the two plugs 66, 67 must have a collar, because when the sockets 58, 60 are plugged together with the plugs 66, 67, the end faces 59, 61 on the sockets 58, 60 with the anode base body 62 and come into contact with the cathode base body 64 and thus the electrical contact is also ensured.
  • the plugs 39, 44, 66, 67 engaging in the sockets 49, 50, 58, 60 also center the burner head 3 with respect to the burner shaft 2 and the burner shaft 2 with respect to the connecting element 1.
  • Sealing rings 68, 69 are in turn attached to the plugs 66, 67 as a seal for the cooling water.
  • the line connections between the plasma powder lines 70, 71, 72 and between the plasma gas lines 75, 76, 77 are formed as butt connections.
  • the two lines 71, 76 leading through the burner shaft 2 each have a collar 79, 80, 81, 82 at their ends, which, when the plasma spraying device is screwed together, connects to a corresponding sealing ring 84, 85 that includes the line 70, 72, 75, 77 , 86, 87 in the connection element 1 and comes to rest in the burner head 3 and is sealed by this.
  • the cooling water circuit in the plasma spraying device can be seen from FIG.
  • the three structural units 1, 2, 3 are again shown in a longitudinal section reduced to the essential. 4a and 4b, two details are also shown in enlarged sections. Cooling in a plasma spraying device is necessary above all for the burner head 3 and the burner shaft 2.
  • a serial cooling circuit was chosen so that the three structural units 1, 2, 3 of the plasma spraying device have as few lines and plug connections as possible. This means that in the burner head 3, the anode nozzle 11 and the cathode arrangement 12 are connected in series in terms of cooling technology and therefore the cooling water flows through them in succession.
  • the cooling water is supplied at the connection 23 via a line (not shown) and enters the cooling water supply line 40 of the connection element 1 radially to the longitudinal axis of the plasma spraying device.
  • the inflowing cooling water is first deflected by 90 °. Then the cooling water flows into the plug connection consisting of the plug 39 and the socket 49. Through the radial channels 91 present in the bushing 49, the cooling water can emerge from the line 40 and flow into the casing tube 92 of the burner shaft 2. The water can flow through the burner shaft 2 in the entire remaining cross section. At the end of the burner shaft 2, the cooling water in turn flows via radial channels 93 into the plug connection formed from the plug 66 and the socket 58.
  • the cooling water finally flows from this plug connection into the channel 135 of the burner head 3.
  • the sealing rings required in these plug connections are not shown for the sake of clarity.
  • the cooling water first flows through the channel 135 present in the anode base body 63 to the anode nozzle 11 and flows around it. Thereafter, the cooling water is deflected and thereby penetrates an insulating body 65 arranged between the anode base body 63 and the cathode base body 64, in order to subsequently reach the cathode arrangement 12 and flow around it.
  • the ring channels present on the anode nozzle 11 and on the cathode socket 13 cannot be seen from this illustration and will be explained in more detail later in the detailed description of the burner head 3.
  • the backflow of the cooling water from the burner head 3 takes place through a line 73 present in the burner shaft 2.
  • This line 73 has a sheath 96 which improves the electrical insulation between the two lines 62, 73 which are at different potential and thereby reduces any leakage currents.
  • the cooling water flows back into the connection element 1, where it finally exits the plasma spraying device via the connection 20.
  • Such a cooling water flow has the advantage that only a single cooling water circuit is necessary due to the cooling connection of the anode nozzle 11 and the cathode arrangement 12.
  • the condition for such a cooling water course is, of course, that high-purity or ultra-pure water is used as cooling water, so that it has a correspondingly low electrical conductivity.
  • the jacket tube 92 of the burner shaft 2 is flowed through in the entire available cross section and thus the entire burner shaft 2 is cooled correspondingly efficiently.
  • the burner shaft 2 can be seen in cross section in FIG. 5a, while a section of the burner shaft 2 is shown in longitudinal section in FIG. 5b.
  • the tubular cooling water line 73, the rod-shaped current conductor 62 and the plasma powder line 71 and the plasma gas line 76 can be seen in the casing tube 92 of the burner shaft 2.
  • the jacket 96 of the cooling water line 73, which is designed as electrical insulation, is also shown. From this representation it can be seen very well below that the jacket tube 92 of the burner shaft 2 is flowed through by the cooling water over a large area and that efficient cooling is thereby ensured. Both figures are shown enlarged compared to the previous representations for better illustration.
  • Figures 6a, 6b and 6c show an enlarged view of the burner head 3 in longitudinal section, in cross section and in an external view from the burner shaft.
  • the burner head 3 serves to generate a plasma flame, by means of which the supplied plasma powder is melted and accelerated, so that the plasma powder set in motion can thereby be applied to a workpiece to be coated. Electrical energy and various media are supplied to operate the burner.
  • the burner head 3 has a cylindrical basic shape, which essentially consists of a cathode base body 64 with a cathode arrangement 12 mounted therein, an anode base body 63 with an anode nozzle 11 fastened therein, and an anode base body 63 Insulating body 65 electrically separating from the cathode base body 64.
  • a shoulder 36 On its side facing the burner shank 2 there is a shoulder 36 which encompasses the entire burner head 3.
  • the anode base body 63 consisting of metal has essentially a rectangular basic shape, the surface 98 being rounded. This upper, rounded surface 98 also forms part of the outside of the burner head 3.
  • the cathode base body 64 which is also made of metal, has a shape which is approximately mirror-image to the anode base body 63 and in which the rounded part 99 forms a lower part of the outside of the Burner head 3 forms.
  • the insulating body 65 is arranged between the inner surface of the cathode base body 64 and the inner surface of the anode base body 63.
  • the insulating body 65 has a cylindrical segment-shaped flange 74 on its longitudinal sides, which partially encompass the anode base body 63 and the cathode base body 64 on their straight parts on the outside.
  • the burner head 3 also has an insulating cap 101 made of ceramic.
  • the mechanical cohesion of the burner head 3 is ensured by screws 97, which each connect the cathode base body 64 and the anode base body 63 to the insulating body 65.
  • screws 97 which each connect the cathode base body 64 and the anode base body 63 to the insulating body 65.
  • the two bodies 63, 64 are at different locations with the insulating body 65 screwed.
  • the cathode assembly 12 itself consists of a cylindrical cathode socket 13 with a cathode 14 which is in the form of a pin and is inserted from above.
  • the cathode socket 13 has an external thread 103 at its rear end, by means of which it is screwed into a corresponding thread 104 of the cathode base body 64.
  • the longitudinal axis of the cathode arrangement 12 comes to lie transversely to the longitudinal axis of the burner head 3.
  • the cathode socket 13 is enclosed at its upper end by a ceramic insulating disk 138.
  • the cathode socket 13 has a shoulder 106, which, by screwing in, rests with its end face on the cathode base body 64 in a defined manner.
  • the cathode socket 13 has an annular groove 108 which, together with a groove 109 embedded in the cathode base body 64 and corresponding in shape and position, results in a cooling ring channel 110.
  • a sealing ring 112 comprising the cathode socket 13 is provided above and below it.
  • the cathode socket 13 and the cathode base body 64 each have an annular groove 114, 115, which together, below the cooling ring channel 110, form an annular channel 116.
  • a plasma gas channel 127 extending from the end face 132 opens into this ring channel 116.
  • Longitudinal channels 118, which extend in the peripheral region of the cathode holder 13 of the cathode 14, finally emanate from this ring channel 116 run along and open at the front openings in the bore 120 of the anode nozzle 11.
  • the anode nozzle 11 has a cylindrical basic shape with a through bore 120, the bore 120 tapering at the beginning and at the end.
  • the anode nozzle 11 is inserted into the anode base body 63 from the outside, so that the longitudinal axis of the anode nozzle 11 is again transverse to the longitudinal axis of the burner head 3.
  • the current from the anode base body 63 is simultaneously transferred to the anode nozzle 11 via this end face.
  • the cathode 14 protrudes into the bore 120 of the anode nozzle 11.
  • the anode nozzle 11 is fixed in the anode base body 63 by means of a clamping jaw 122 which is screwed onto the anode base body 63 by means of a screw (not shown).
  • This clamping jaw 122 is designed such that it connects, via an internal bore 123, a powder channel 125 leading through the anode base body 63 to a bore 126 leading radially into the interior of the anode nozzle 11.
  • the anode nozzle 11 also has an annular groove 128 which, together with a groove 129 embedded in the anode base body 63, has a cooling ring channel 130 results.
  • Corresponding sealing rings 131 are in turn provided for sealing this cooling ring channel 130.
  • the plug 66 is provided for the inlet of cooling water. From this plug 66, a channel 135 for cooling water leads into the anode base body 63, where it first opens into the cooling ring channel 130 leading around the anode nozzle 11.
  • the cooling water channel 135 continues through the anode base body 63, is then deflected downward by 90 °, leads through the insulating body 65 into the cathode base body 64, is in turn deflected through 90 ° there to finally open into the cooling ring channel 110 of the cathode socket 13. From the transition from the insulating body into the cathode base body 64, the cooling water channel is designated 136. Finally, the cooling water duct 136 leads out of the burner head 3 again via the plug 67.
  • the two tubular plugs 66, 67 are inserted into and connected to the cathode base body 64 and the anode base body 63 in such a way that good electrical contact with them is ensured.
  • an angled heat shield 5 provided which is mounted on the side of the anode nozzle 11, flush with the surface thereof, on the burner head 3.
  • the plasma gas which is passed through the channels 118 through the channels 118 in the peripheral area of the cathode socket 13 of the cathode 14, cools the cathode socket 13. Furthermore, the plasma gas is preheated by this feed, which results in an improvement in the efficiency.
  • the metal cathode base body 64 is used for supplying the electric current to the cathode 14.
  • the plug 67 is designed both as a plug for connecting the cooling lines and as a contact for the electrical current. Since both the cathode socket 13 and thus the cathode 14 itself and the plug 67 are in direct contact with the cathode base body 64, the electrical current is of course also transmitted accordingly.
  • the number of connecting lines can be reduced to a minimum.
  • a cooling liquid with a high specific electrical resistance is used as the cooling medium.
  • ultrapure or ultrapure water is ideal for this.
  • the connection of the plasma powder channel 125, which is designed as a clamping jaw 122, to the powder supply line 126, which opens radially into the anode nozzle 11, can be replaced. If different clamping jaws 122 with different line cross sections are now available, the injection speed of the plasma powder which is fed to the plasma flame can be preselected or changed by exchanging this clamping jaw 122, which is designed as a powder injector.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
EP93810576A 1992-08-24 1993-08-16 Appareil de pulvérisation par plasma Expired - Lifetime EP0585203B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4228064A DE4228064A1 (de) 1992-08-24 1992-08-24 Plasmaspritzgerät
DE4228064 1992-08-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0585203A1 true EP0585203A1 (fr) 1994-03-02
EP0585203B1 EP0585203B1 (fr) 1996-03-27

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93810576A Expired - Lifetime EP0585203B1 (fr) 1992-08-24 1993-08-16 Appareil de pulvérisation par plasma

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5328516A (fr)
EP (1) EP0585203B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3229082B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE136191T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2104543C (fr)
DE (2) DE4228064A1 (fr)
TW (1) TW225085B (fr)

Cited By (5)

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WO2005057994A1 (fr) 2003-12-09 2005-06-23 Amt Ag Dispositif de projection plasma
FR2949698A1 (fr) * 2009-09-10 2011-03-11 Air Liquide Welding France Torche plasma a tete demontable avec systeme d'alignement de la tete
FR2980383A1 (fr) * 2011-09-22 2013-03-29 Air Liquide Torche de soudage a l'arc a partie avant demontable

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US10194516B2 (en) 2006-09-13 2019-01-29 Hypertherm, Inc. High access consumables for a plasma arc cutting system
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US10098217B2 (en) 2012-07-19 2018-10-09 Hypertherm, Inc. Composite consumables for a plasma arc torch
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CN207013853U (zh) 2016-04-11 2018-02-16 海别得公司 通用的冷却剂管
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US6221504B1 (en) 1997-08-01 2001-04-24 Daimlerchrysler Ag Coating consisting of hypereutectic aluminum/silicon alloy and/or an aluminum/silicon composite material
EP1065914A1 (fr) * 1999-06-30 2001-01-03 Sulzer Metco AG Dispositif de pulvérisation par plasma
US6386140B1 (en) 1999-06-30 2002-05-14 Sulzer Metco Ag Plasma spraying apparatus
WO2005057994A1 (fr) 2003-12-09 2005-06-23 Amt Ag Dispositif de projection plasma
FR2949698A1 (fr) * 2009-09-10 2011-03-11 Air Liquide Welding France Torche plasma a tete demontable avec systeme d'alignement de la tete
FR2980383A1 (fr) * 2011-09-22 2013-03-29 Air Liquide Torche de soudage a l'arc a partie avant demontable

Also Published As

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ATE136191T1 (de) 1996-04-15
US5328516A (en) 1994-07-12
DE59302029D1 (de) 1996-05-02
DE4228064A1 (de) 1994-03-03
TW225085B (fr) 1994-06-11
CA2104543C (fr) 1998-09-29
EP0585203B1 (fr) 1996-03-27
CA2104543A1 (fr) 1994-02-25
JP3229082B2 (ja) 2001-11-12
JPH06168795A (ja) 1994-06-14

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