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EP0566539B1 - Reinforcement for masonry - Google Patents

Reinforcement for masonry Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0566539B1
EP0566539B1 EP93810258A EP93810258A EP0566539B1 EP 0566539 B1 EP0566539 B1 EP 0566539B1 EP 93810258 A EP93810258 A EP 93810258A EP 93810258 A EP93810258 A EP 93810258A EP 0566539 B1 EP0566539 B1 EP 0566539B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
masonry
use according
reinforcing element
elements
anchor
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EP93810258A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0566539A1 (en
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CONSTRUMAT AG
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CONSTRUMAT AG
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/41Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
    • E04B1/4178Masonry wall ties

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of Building construction. It concerns the use of a reinforcement element in a masonry made of a plurality of masonry stones, one on top of the other, there are joints filled with mortar between them are, which reinforcement element at least partially in one of the joints arranged and embedded in the mortar.
  • Such reinforcement is, for example, as metallic Perforated tape anchors for two butting masonry walls (Butt joint technology) or as a metallic reinforcement beam in the form of a wire mesh from the stand known in the art.
  • Reinforcements for masonry essentially have two Tasks: On the one hand, the reinforcement elements in a Masonry wall in the longitudinal direction of the wall in the mortar the horizontal joints are embedded and thus increase the breaking strength of the masonry, so that such Reinforced masonry walls thinner with the same strength can be executed.
  • the wall anchors can serve as wall connection anchors to two toothless, butt-butted at right angles To firmly connect masonry walls.
  • the wall anchors are used when building up one wall at the junction so into it provided joints that they are partially laterally protrude from the wall and with the protruding part embedded in the corresponding joint of the wall to be connected can be.
  • Elements used in the reinforcement preferably come Carbon fibers or aromatic polyamides into consideration, as for example under the trade name "Aramid”, “Twaron” or “Kevlar” are known.
  • a first preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the cross elements also as carbon fiber material or contain aromatic polyamides.
  • the reinforcement element in the element plane distributes one A plurality of spacers, which, to at least one Project the side out of the element level and the reinforcement element at least on one side at a predetermined distance from the bricks hold, which adjoin the respective joint.
  • This type of wall anchor is without a special hinge flexible when not connected and thereby reduced significantly the risk of injury.
  • Fig. 1a are two superimposed in the side view Bricks 2a and 2b of a masonry wall are shown, which form a horizontal joint 3 between them.
  • the Groove 3 takes up a flat reinforcement element 1, the embedded in the mortar of joint 3 (not shown here) is and over several horizontally adjacent Stones are enough.
  • the reinforcement element 1 consists of several Longitudinal elements running parallel in one element plane 4 (see also Fig. 2a) in the form of threads and / or thin, resiliently flexible rods that are preferably made of Carbon fibers or aromatic polyamides (especially in fiber form).
  • the longitudinal elements essentially take one on the masonry wall lying tensile load in the longitudinal direction.
  • Transverse to the longitudinal elements 4 is for fixing the longitudinal elements a variety of also parallel to each other and arranged in the element plane transverse elements 5 and firmly connected to the longitudinal elements.
  • the Connection is preferably achieved in that Longitudinal and transverse elements in the manner of a fabric 13 with each other are linked.
  • the reinforcement element 1 To completely embed the reinforcement element 1 in the grout and thus the maximum tensile strength to reach the wall are distributed over the element level spacer 6 is provided in the reinforcement element 1, which ensure that just those for strength relevant longitudinal elements 4 sufficient distance from both Bricks 2a and 2b have to be sufficient on all sides to be surrounded by mortar.
  • the tissue 13 or the grid of longitudinal and transverse elements from molded on both sides, round, square, elongated or of another shape and in Can run longitudinally, diagonally or transversely.
  • the Thickenings can be made from a concrete-compatible Be made of plastic.
  • FIGS. 1b and 2b there are Spacers 6 - as shown in detail in Fig. 1c - each from an upper part 7a and a lower part 7b, the by means of a snap-in nose molded onto a part (7a or 7b) like a push button from both sides through a stitch of the longitudinal elements 4 and transverse elements 5 formed grids inserted and snapping into place are interconnected.
  • the advantage of these spacers is that they are made separately and special simply mechanically attached to the reinforcement element 1 can be.
  • the Spacers 6 can also be designed so that they in essentially only to one side, for example down to Brick 2b, protrude from the element level.
  • connection anchor Has a reinforcement element 1 that in the butt joint technique the task of a connection anchor Has.
  • connection anchors connection anchors
  • the 3 has the corresponding Reinforcement element 1 a structure that a fabric 13 with combined at least two anchor rods 8a and 8b.
  • the mesh 13 in turn consists of interconnected Longitudinal and transverse elements 4 and 5.
  • the anchor rods 8a and 8b are woven into the fabric 13 in the element plane. They are preferably made of carbon fibers or aromatic polyamides and have e.g. one Diameter of 3 mm. Particularly cheap for a firm Connection with the grout is the anchor rods 8a, b, like all the others used in the reinforcement element Bar shapes to be carried out with a rough surface to to improve the interlocking between the rod and mortar.
  • FIG. 3 is with a first Partial length in a joint of the first masonry wall 11a embedded that a second partial length initially sideways protrudes and then when bricking up the second masonry wall 11b in a corresponding joint of the second Masonry wall 11b can be embedded.
  • the anchor rods 8a and 8b are for absorbing transverse forces arranged in such a way that at the transition from the one masonry wall 11a to the other masonry wall 11b cross over. It is also advantageous here that the from FIG. 1a-c known spacers 6 to provide the embedding to optimize in the mortar.
  • reinforcement element shape shown for the butt joint technique are suitable, but within the scope of the invention other configurations of two or more anchor rods are conceivable.
  • FIG. 4 is another embodiment of a Reinforcement according to the invention, which is on the mutual anchoring of two parallel ones Masonry walls 17a and 17b relates.
  • Such Application is e.g. given when on a first Masonry wall 17a made of normal bricks 2a-d pre-built second masonry wall 17b made of thin clinker bricks 12a-d with a wall space 16 attached shall be.
  • the example again assumes one Longitudinal and transverse elements 4 and 5 existing fabric 13 from (shown in Fig. 4 only in the right half), in which has at least one elastically flexible anchor rod 14 is woven in wavy.
  • the wave amplitude is chosen so that the anchor rod 14 alternately in the joints of the two masonry walls 17a and 17b embedded is.
  • fixing bracket also acts as a spacer 15a-c are provided, the corresponding holes for Have the anchor rod 14 pass through.
  • the fabric 13 serves to anchor both masonry walls 17a, b with each other, but also to reinforce the individual walls in the longitudinal direction. If on such Reinforcement can be dispensed with, it is also conceivable to use the reinforcement element 1 without fabric 13.
  • FIG. 5 is finally an embodiment shown, in which a brick 2 already from the start, i.e. factory-made, on one side with a preferably tissue-shaped reinforcement element firmly connected is.
  • the fabric 13 projects at least on one Cross side beyond the brick 2 and so overlaps when inserted into masonry on the same level neighboring stone. Is this also with one Fabric 13 provided, it is advantageous if the Tissue 13 of both bricks overlap each other. Will the horizontal joint formed above the stones then with mortar filled in, there is a stone to stone reaching Reinforcement that increases the breaking strength of the masonry. Especially with large-sized stones made of gas concrete or It is expedient to do the same, the reinforcement element directly to stick to the stone. But it is also conceivable that Reinforcement element in the manufacture of the brick 2 in the Embed stone.
  • the longitudinal elements 4 the transverse elements 5 and the anchor rods 8a, b and 14 preferably on aromatic polyamides based materials used among the Names of "Aramid”, “Kevlar” or “Twaron” are known. These substances then become tissue in the form of thin fibers processed or used directly in rod form.
  • the invention results in wall reinforcement, which are easy to manufacture, durable, easy to use and is versatile.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a reinforcement for a masonry structure comprising a plurality of masonry blocks (2;2a,..., 2d) which have been laid one upon the other and between which there are provided joints (3) filled with mortar, which reinforcement comprises at least one reinforcing element (1) which is arranged at least partially in one of the joints (3) and is embedded in the mortar. In order to simplify the introduction, and to improve the stability, of said reinforcement, the invention provides at least one elastically pliable longitudinal element (4) in the form of a filament and/or thin bar which consists of a concrete-compatible, tension-resistant and non-metallic material. <IMAGE>

Description

TECHNISCHES GEBIETTECHNICAL AREA

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf das Gebiet des Hochbaus. Sie betrifft die Verwendung eines Bewehrungselements in einem Mauerwerk aus einer Mehrzahl von übereinander gemauerten Mauersteinen, zwischen denen mit Mörtel gefüllte Fugen vorhanden sind, welches Bewehrungselement zumindest teilweise in einer der Fugen angeordnet und in den Mörtel eingebettet ist.The present invention relates to the field of Building construction. It concerns the use of a reinforcement element in a masonry made of a plurality of masonry stones, one on top of the other, there are joints filled with mortar between them are, which reinforcement element at least partially in one of the joints arranged and embedded in the mortar.

Eine solche Bewehrung ist zum Beispiel als metallischer Lochbandanker für zwei stumpf aneinanderstossende Mauerwerkswände (Stumpfstosstechnik) oder als metallischer Bewehrungsträger in Form eines Drahtgeflechts aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt.Such reinforcement is, for example, as metallic Perforated tape anchors for two butting masonry walls (Butt joint technology) or as a metallic reinforcement beam in the form of a wire mesh from the stand known in the art.

STAND DER TECHNIKSTATE OF THE ART

Bewehrungen für ein Mauerwerk haben im wesentlichen zwei Aufgaben: Zum Einen können die Bewehrungselemente bei einer Mauerwerkswand in Mauerlängsrichtung in den Mörtel der horizontalen Fugen eingebettet werden und erhöhen so die Bruchfestigkeit des Mauerwerks, so dass die derart bewehrten Mauerwerkswände bei gleicher Festigkeit dünner ausgeführt werden können. Reinforcements for masonry essentially have two Tasks: On the one hand, the reinforcement elements in a Masonry wall in the longitudinal direction of the wall in the mortar the horizontal joints are embedded and thus increase the breaking strength of the masonry, so that such Reinforced masonry walls thinner with the same strength can be executed.

Zum Anderen können sie als Maueranschlussanker dazu dienen, zwei unverzahnte, rechtwinklig stumpf aneinanderstossende Mauerwerkswände miteinander fest zu verbinden. Bei dieser Anwendung werden die Maueranker beim Aufmauern der einen Wand an der Anschlussstelle so in die dafür vorgesehenen Fugen eingelegt, dass sie seitlich teilweise aus der Mauer herausragen und mit dem herausragenden Teil in die entsprechende Fuge der anzuschliessenden Wand eingebettet werden können.On the other hand, they can serve as wall connection anchors to two toothless, butt-butted at right angles To firmly connect masonry walls. In this application, the wall anchors are used when building up one wall at the junction so into it provided joints that they are partially laterally protrude from the wall and with the protruding part embedded in the corresponding joint of the wall to be connected can be.

In beiden Fällen werden im Stand der Technik metallische Bewehrungselemente verwendet, die z.B. aus einem verzinkten Eisenlochband oder aus verzinkten oder kunststoffummantelten Eisen- oder aber Edelstahldrähten bestehen. Durch die Verwendung von metallischen Werkstoffen ergeben sich jedoch verschiedene Probleme: Es ist generell nicht auszuschliessen, dass die Werkstoffe in der Fuge korrodieren und ein Nachlassen der Bewehrung verursachen. Weiterhin können die metallischen Bewehrungselemente zwar auf der Baustelle gebogen werden; bei längeren Elementen ist es jedoch schwierig, ein einmal verbogenes Element in die für eine Fuge wünschenwerte ebene Form zurückzubiegen. Beim Einsatz als Anschlussanker schliesslich stellen starr herausstehende Anker eine erhebliche Verletzungsgefahr dar; oder die Anker werden mit Scharnieren klappbar ausgeführt, wobei die Scharniere aber eine für die Festigkeit nachteilige Schwachstelle bilden.In both cases, the prior art uses metallic ones Reinforcement elements used, e.g. from a galvanized Iron perforated tape or made of galvanized or plastic-coated There are iron or stainless steel wires. Result from the use of metallic materials However, there are various problems: it is generally not to rule out that the materials in the joint corrode and cause the reinforcement to weaken. Farther can the metallic reinforcement elements be bent on site; with longer elements however, it is difficult to get a once bent element in to bend back the flat shape that is desirable for a joint. Finally, when using as a connection anchor protruding anchors pose a considerable risk of injury dar; or the anchors can be folded with hinges executed, but the hinges one for strength form a disadvantageous vulnerability.

DARSTELLUNG DER ERFINDUNGPRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Mauerbewehrung zu schaffen, welche auf der Baustelle einfach zu handhaben, sicher einsetzbar, wirkungsvoll und dauerhaft ist. It is therefore an object of the present invention to To create wall reinforcement, which is easy on the construction site to handle, safe to use, effective and is permanent.

Die Aufgabe wird durch die Verwendung eines Bewehrungselementes mit den im Patentanspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst.The task is through the use of a reinforcement element solved with the features specified in claim 1.

Als Material für die Längselemente, aber auch für die anderen in der Bewehrung eingesetzten Elemente, kommen vorzugsweise Kohlefasern oder aromatische Polyamide in Betracht, wie sie z.B unter dem Handelsnamen "Aramid", "Twaron" oder "Kevlar" bekannt sind.As material for the longitudinal elements, but also for the others Elements used in the reinforcement preferably come Carbon fibers or aromatic polyamides into consideration, as for example under the trade name "Aramid", "Twaron" or "Kevlar" are known.

Eine erste bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die Querelemente ebenfalls als Material Kohlefasern oder aromatische Polyamide enthalten. A first preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the cross elements also as carbon fiber material or contain aromatic polyamides.

Hierdurch ergibt sich ein in sich formstabiles, zugfestes Bewehrungselement, welches sich zugleich leicht den äusseren Gegebenheiten anpassen lässt und mit dem Mörtel der Fuge eine innige Verbindung eingeht.This results in a dimensionally stable, tensile strength Reinforcing element, which at the same time is easily the outer Can be adapted to the circumstances and with the mortar Fuge an intimate connection.

In einer Weiterentwicklung dieser Ausführungsform weist das Bewehrungselement in der Elementebene verteilt eine Mehrzahl von Abstandshaltern auf, welche, zu mindestens einer Seite aus der Elementebene herausragen und das Bewehrungselement zumindest einseitig in einem vorbestimmten Abstand zu den Mauersteinen halten, whelche an die jeweilige Fuge angrenzen.In a further development of this embodiment points the reinforcement element in the element plane distributes one A plurality of spacers, which, to at least one Project the side out of the element level and the reinforcement element at least on one side at a predetermined distance from the bricks hold, which adjoin the respective joint.

Eine zweite bevorzugte Ausführungsform, bei welcher das Bewehrungselement als Anschlussanker für zwei unverzahnte, stumpf aufeinanderstossende Mauerwerkswände dient, ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass

  • (a) wenigsten zwei elastisch biegsame Ankerstäbe vorgesehen sind;
  • (b) als Material für die Ankerstäbe Kohlefasern oder aromatische Polyamide verwendet werden; und
  • (c) die Ankerstäbe im wesentlichen parallel und zur Aufnahme von Scherkräften beim Uebergang von einer Mauerwerkswand zur anderen Mauerwerkswand zumindest teilweise über Kreuz verlaulen.
  • A second preferred embodiment, in which the reinforcement element serves as a connecting anchor for two non-toothed, butt-jointed masonry walls, is characterized in that
  • (a) at least two elastically flexible anchor rods are provided;
  • (b) carbon fiber or aromatic polyamides are used as the material for the anchor rods; and
  • (c) leave the anchor rods essentially parallel and at least partially crosswise to absorb shear forces during the transition from one masonry wall to the other masonry wall.
  • Diese Art des Mauerankers ist ohne spezielles Scharnier im unverbundenen Zustand flexibel und verringert dadurch massgeblich die Verletzungsgefahr.This type of wall anchor is without a special hinge flexible when not connected and thereby reduced significantly the risk of injury.

    Eine dritte bevorzugte Ausführungsform, bei welcher das Bewehrungselement als Anschlussanker für zwei parallel verlaufende Mauerwerkswände dient, ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass

  • (a) Längselemente und Querelemente zu einem Gewebe verbunden sind, welches mit den Längselementen parallel zu den Mauerwerkswänden verläuft und entsprechende Fugen beider Mauerwerkswände verbindet; und
  • (b) in das Gewebe wenigstens ein elastisch biegsamer Ankerstab zur Aufnahme einer Druckbelastung eingearbeitet ist, welcher zwischen den entsprechenden Fugen beider Mauerwerkswände verläuft; und
  • (c) als Material für den Ankerstab Kohlefasern oder aromatische Polyamide verwendet werden.
  • A third preferred embodiment, in which the reinforcement element serves as a connection anchor for two parallel masonry walls, is characterized in that
  • (a) longitudinal elements and transverse elements are connected to form a fabric which runs parallel to the masonry walls with the longitudinal elements and connects corresponding joints of both masonry walls; and
  • (b) at least one elastically flexible anchor rod for absorbing a pressure load is worked into the fabric and runs between the corresponding joints of both masonry walls; and
  • (c) carbon fibers or aromatic polyamides are used as the material for the anchor rod.
  • Weitere Ausführungsformen ergeben sich aus den abhängigen AnsprüchenFurther embodiments result from the dependent ones Claims

    KURZE BESCHREIBUNG DER ZEICHNUNGBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

    Die Erfindung soll nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen im Zusammenhang mit der Zeichnung näher erläutert werden. Es zeigen

    Fig. 1a-b
    in der Seitenansicht verschiedene Ausführungsbeispiele für eine gewebeartige Mauerbewehrung mit Abstandshaltern zur Verbesserung der Einbettung in den Mörtel;
    Fig. 1d
    im Detail den Aufbau eines druckknopfartigen Abstandshalters gemäss Fig. 1c;
    Fig. 2a-b
    die verschiedenen Mauerbewehrungen gemäss Fig. 1a-b in der Draufsicht;
    Fig. 3
    ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel für einen Maueranker nach der Erfindung mit einer Kombination aus Gewebe und Ankerstäben;
    Fig. 4
    ein Ausführungbeispiel eines Mauerankers nach der Erfindung für zwei parallel verlaufende Mauerwerkswände mit einer Kombination aus Gewebe und Ankerstab; und
    Fig. 5
    ein Ausführungsbeispiel für einen mit einem gewebeartigen Bewehrungselement versehenen Mauerstein.
    The invention will be explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments in connection with the drawing. Show it
    Fig. 1a-b
    in the side view different embodiments for a fabric-like wall reinforcement with spacers to improve the embedding in the mortar;
    Fig. 1d
    in detail the structure of a push button-like spacer according to FIG. 1c;
    2a-b
    the different wall reinforcements according to Fig. 1a-b in plan view;
    Fig. 3
    a first embodiment of a wall anchor according to the invention with a combination of fabric and anchor rods;
    Fig. 4
    an embodiment of a wall anchor according to the invention for two parallel masonry walls with a combination of fabric and anchor rod; and
    Fig. 5
    an embodiment of a brick provided with a fabric-like reinforcement element.

    WEGE ZUR AUSFÜHRUNG DER ERFINDUNGWAYS OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

    Zunächst soll unter Einbeziehung der Fig.1a-c und 2a-b ein Ausführungsbeispiel für eine Bewehrung nach der Erfindung erläutert werden, die für eine erhöhte Bruchfestigkeit innerhalb einer einzelnen Mauerwerkswand dient.First, with the inclusion of Fig.1a-c and 2a-b an embodiment of a reinforcement according to the invention are explained for increased breaking strength serves within a single brick wall.

    In Fig. 1a sind in der Seitenansicht zwei aufeinanderliegende Mauersteine 2a und 2b einer Mauerwerkswand gezeigt, die zwischen sich eine horizontale Fuge 3 bilden. Die Fuge 3 nimmt ein flächiges Bewehrungselement 1 auf, das in den (hier nicht dargestellten) Mörtel der Fuge 3 eingebettet wird und über mehrere horizontal benachbarte Steine reicht.In Fig. 1a are two superimposed in the side view Bricks 2a and 2b of a masonry wall are shown, which form a horizontal joint 3 between them. The Groove 3 takes up a flat reinforcement element 1, the embedded in the mortar of joint 3 (not shown here) is and over several horizontally adjacent Stones are enough.

    Das Bewehrungselement 1 besteht aus mehreren parallel in einer Elementebene verlaufenden Längselementen 4 (siehe auch Fig. 2a) in Form von Fäden und/oder dünnen, elastisch biegsamen Stäben, die vorzugsweise aus Kohlenstofffasern oder aromatischen Polyamiden (insbesondere in Faserform) hergestellt sind. Die Längselemente nehmen im wesentlichen eine auf der Mauerwerkswand liegende Zugbelastung in Längsrichtung auf.The reinforcement element 1 consists of several Longitudinal elements running parallel in one element plane 4 (see also Fig. 2a) in the form of threads and / or thin, resiliently flexible rods that are preferably made of Carbon fibers or aromatic polyamides (especially in fiber form). The longitudinal elements essentially take one on the masonry wall lying tensile load in the longitudinal direction.

    Quer zu den Längselementen 4 ist zur Fixierung der Längselemente eine Vielzahl von ebenfalls parallel zueinander und in der Elementebene verlaufenden Querelementen 5 angeordnet und mit den Längselementen fest verbunden. Die Verbindung wird vorzugsweise dadurch erreicht, dass Längs- und Querelemente nach Art eines Gewebes 13 miteinander verknüpft sind.Transverse to the longitudinal elements 4 is for fixing the longitudinal elements a variety of also parallel to each other and arranged in the element plane transverse elements 5 and firmly connected to the longitudinal elements. The Connection is preferably achieved in that Longitudinal and transverse elements in the manner of a fabric 13 with each other are linked.

    Um eine vollständige Einbettung des Bewehrungselementes 1 in den Fugenmörtel und damit die maximale Zugfestigkeit der Mauer zu erreichen, sind über die Elementebene verteilt im Bewehrungselement 1 Abstandshalter 6 vorgesehen, die dafür sorgen, dass gerade die für die Festigkeit massgeblichen Längselemente 4 genügend Abstand von beiden Mauersteinen 2a und 2b haben, um allseitig ausreichend vom Mörtel umschlossen zu werden.To completely embed the reinforcement element 1 in the grout and thus the maximum tensile strength to reach the wall are distributed over the element level spacer 6 is provided in the reinforcement element 1, which ensure that just those for strength relevant longitudinal elements 4 sufficient distance from both Bricks 2a and 2b have to be sufficient on all sides to be surrounded by mortar.

    Im Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1a bzw. 2a werden dem Gewebe 13 bzw. dem Gitter aus Längs- und Querelementen von beiden Seiten Verdickungen angeformt, die rund, quadratisch, länglich oder von einer anderen Form sein und in Längsrichtung, schräg oder quer verlaufen können. Die Verdickungen können dabei aus einem betonverträglichen Kunststoff hergestellt sein. In the embodiment of FIGS. 1a and 2a, the tissue 13 or the grid of longitudinal and transverse elements from molded on both sides, round, square, elongated or of another shape and in Can run longitudinally, diagonally or transversely. The Thickenings can be made from a concrete-compatible Be made of plastic.

    Im Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1b bzw. 2b bestehen die Abstandshalter 6 - wie in Fig. 1c im Detail dargestellt - jeweils aus einem Oberteil 7a und einem Unterteil 7b, die mittels einer an einem Teil (7a oder 7b) angeformten Einrastnase nach Art eines Druckknopfes von beiden Seiten durch eine Masche des aus den Längselementen 4 und Querelementen 5 gebildeten Gitters gesteckt und einrastend miteinander verbunden sind. Der Vorteil dieser Abstandshalter besteht darin, dass sie getrennt gefertigt und besonders einfach maschinell am Bewehrungselement 1 angebracht werden können.In the embodiment of FIGS. 1b and 2b, there are Spacers 6 - as shown in detail in Fig. 1c - each from an upper part 7a and a lower part 7b, the by means of a snap-in nose molded onto a part (7a or 7b) like a push button from both sides through a stitch of the longitudinal elements 4 and transverse elements 5 formed grids inserted and snapping into place are interconnected. The advantage of these spacers is that they are made separately and special simply mechanically attached to the reinforcement element 1 can be.

    In den vorbeschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen könnten die Abstandshalter 6 auch so ausgebildet sein, dass sie im wesentlichen nur zu einer Seite, beispielsweise nach unten zum Mauerstein 2b hin, aus der Elementebene herausragen.In the exemplary embodiments described above, the Spacers 6 can also be designed so that they in essentially only to one side, for example down to Brick 2b, protrude from the element level.

    In Fig. 3 ist ein Bewehrungselement 1 wiedergegeben, das in der Stumpfstosstechnik die Aufgabe eines Anschlussankers hat. Bei der Stumpfstosstechnik stossen zwei rechtwinklig zueinander angeordnete Mauerwerkswände 11a und 11b unverzahnt, d.h. stumpf aufeinander und sind nur durch entsprechende Anschlussanker (Bewehrungselement 1) kraftschlüssig miteinander verbunden.3 shows a reinforcement element 1, that in the butt joint technique the task of a connection anchor Has. In the butt joint technique, two come across Masonry walls 11a arranged at right angles to one another and 11b toothless, i.e. butt and are only through appropriate connection anchors (reinforcement element 1) non-positively connected.

    Im Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 3 hat das entsprechende Bewehrungselement 1 einen Aufbau, der ein Gewebe 13 mit wenigstens zwei Ankerstäben 8a und 8b kombiniert. Das Gewebe 13 besteht wiederum aus miteinander verbundenen Längs- und Querelementen 4 bzw. 5. Die Ankerstäbe 8a und 8b sind in der Elementebene in das Gewebe 13 eingeflochten. Sie sind vorzugsweise aus Kohlenstofffasern oder aromatischen Polyamiden hergestellt und haben z.B. einen Durchmesser von 3 mm. Besonders günstig für eine feste Verbindung mit dem Fugenmörtel ist es, die Ankerstäbe 8a,b, wie auch alle anderen im Bewehrungselement verwendeten Stabformen, mit rauher Oberfläche auszuführen, um die Verzahnung zwischen Stab und Mörtel zu verbessern. 3 has the corresponding Reinforcement element 1 a structure that a fabric 13 with combined at least two anchor rods 8a and 8b. The mesh 13 in turn consists of interconnected Longitudinal and transverse elements 4 and 5. The anchor rods 8a and 8b are woven into the fabric 13 in the element plane. They are preferably made of carbon fibers or aromatic polyamides and have e.g. one Diameter of 3 mm. Particularly cheap for a firm Connection with the grout is the anchor rods 8a, b, like all the others used in the reinforcement element Bar shapes to be carried out with a rough surface to to improve the interlocking between the rod and mortar.

    Das Bewehrungselement 1 der Fig. 3 wird mit einer ersten Teillänge so in eine Fuge der ersten Mauerwerkswand 11a eingebettet, dass eine zweite Teillänge zunächst seitlich herausragt und dann beim Aufmauern der zweiten Mauerwerkswand 11b in eine entsprechenden Fuge der zweiten Mauerwerkswand 11b eingebettet werden kann. Die Ankerstäbe 8a und 8b sind dabei zur Aufnahme von Querkräften derart angeordnet, dass sie sich beim Uebergang von der einen Mauerwerkswand 11a zur anderen Mauerwerkswand 11b überkreuzen. Auch hier ist es vorteilhaft, die aus Fig. 1a-c bekannten Abstandshalter 6 vorzusehen, um die Einbettung in den Mörtel zu optimieren.3 is with a first Partial length in a joint of the first masonry wall 11a embedded that a second partial length initially sideways protrudes and then when bricking up the second masonry wall 11b in a corresponding joint of the second Masonry wall 11b can be embedded. The anchor rods 8a and 8b are for absorbing transverse forces arranged in such a way that at the transition from the one masonry wall 11a to the other masonry wall 11b cross over. It is also advantageous here that the from FIG. 1a-c known spacers 6 to provide the embedding to optimize in the mortar.

    Es versteht sich von selbst, dass nicht nur die in Fig. 3 gezeigte Bewehrungselementform für die Stumpfstosstechnik geeignet sind, sondern im Rahmen der Erfindung auch andere konfigurationen von zwei oder mehr Ankerstäben denkbar sind. It goes without saying that not only that in FIG. 3 reinforcement element shape shown for the butt joint technique are suitable, but within the scope of the invention other configurations of two or more anchor rods are conceivable.

    In Fig. 4 ist ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel für eine Bewehrung nach der Erfindung dargestellt, welches sich auf die gegenseitige Verankerung von zwei parallel verlaufenden Mauerwerkswänden 17a und 17b bezieht. Eine solche Anwendung ist z.B. dann gegeben, wenn an einer ersten Mauerwerkswand 17a aus normalen Mauersteinen 2a-d eine vorgebaute zweite Mauerwerkswand 17b aus dünnen Klinkersteinen 12a-d mit einem Wandzwischenraum 16 befestigt werden soll. Das Beispiel geht wiederum von einem aus Längs- und Querelementen 4 bzw. 5 bestehenden Gewebe 13 aus (in Fig. 4 nur in der rechten Hälfte dargestellt), in welches wenigstens ein elastisch biegsamer Ankerstab 14 wellenförmig eingeflochten ist. Die Wellenamplitude ist dabei so gewählt, dass der Ankerstab 14 abwechselnd in den Fugen der beiden Mauerwerkswände 17a und 17b eingebettet ist. Zur Fixierung des Ankerstabes 14 können hier ebenfalls als Abstandshalter wirkende Fixierungsbügel 15a-c vorgesehen werden, die entsprechende Bohrungen zum Durchführen des Ankerstabes 14 aufweisen.4 is another embodiment of a Reinforcement according to the invention, which is on the mutual anchoring of two parallel ones Masonry walls 17a and 17b relates. Such Application is e.g. given when on a first Masonry wall 17a made of normal bricks 2a-d pre-built second masonry wall 17b made of thin clinker bricks 12a-d with a wall space 16 attached shall be. The example again assumes one Longitudinal and transverse elements 4 and 5 existing fabric 13 from (shown in Fig. 4 only in the right half), in which has at least one elastically flexible anchor rod 14 is woven in wavy. The wave amplitude is chosen so that the anchor rod 14 alternately in the joints of the two masonry walls 17a and 17b embedded is. To fix the anchor rod 14 here fixing bracket also acts as a spacer 15a-c are provided, the corresponding holes for Have the anchor rod 14 pass through.

    Das Gewebe 13 dient zur Verankerung beider Mauerwerkswände 17a,b untereinander, aber auch zur Bewehrung der einzelnen Mauern in Längsrichtung. Wenn auf eine solche Bewehrung verzichtet werden kann, ist es auch denkbar, das Bewehrungselement 1 ohne Gewebe 13 zu verwenden.The fabric 13 serves to anchor both masonry walls 17a, b with each other, but also to reinforce the individual walls in the longitudinal direction. If on such Reinforcement can be dispensed with, it is also conceivable to use the reinforcement element 1 without fabric 13.

    In der Fig. 5 ist schliesslich ein Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellt, bei dem ein Mauerstein 2 bereits von vornherein, d.h. fabrikmässig, auf der einen Seite mit einem vorzugsweise gewebeförmigen Bewehrungselement fest verbunden ist. Das Gewebe 13 ragt dabei wenigstens auf einer Querseite über den Mauerstein 2 hinaus und überlappt so beim Einsetzen in ein Mauerwerk den auf derselben Ebene benachbarten Stein. Ist dieser ebenfalls mit einem solchen Gewebe 13 versehen, so ist es von Vorteil, wenn sich die Gewebe 13 beider Mauersteine gegenseitig überlappen. Wird die gebildete horizontale Fuge oberhalb der Steine dann mit Mörtel aufgefüllt, ergibt sich eine von Stein zu Stein reichende Bewehrung, welche die Bruchfestigkeit des Mauerwerks erhöht. Gerade bei grossformatigen Steinen aus Gasbeton oder dergleichen ist es zweckmässig, das Bewehrungselement direkt auf den Stein zu kleben. Es ist aber auch denkbar, das Bewehrungselement bei der Herstellung des Mauersteins 2 in den Stein mit einzubetten.5 is finally an embodiment shown, in which a brick 2 already from the start, i.e. factory-made, on one side with a preferably tissue-shaped reinforcement element firmly connected is. The fabric 13 projects at least on one Cross side beyond the brick 2 and so overlaps when inserted into masonry on the same level neighboring stone. Is this also with one Fabric 13 provided, it is advantageous if the Tissue 13 of both bricks overlap each other. Will the horizontal joint formed above the stones then with mortar filled in, there is a stone to stone reaching Reinforcement that increases the breaking strength of the masonry. Especially with large-sized stones made of gas concrete or It is expedient to do the same, the reinforcement element directly to stick to the stone. But it is also conceivable that Reinforcement element in the manufacture of the brick 2 in the Embed stone.

    Wie bereits eingangs erwähnt, werden für das Gewebe 13, die Längselemente 4, die Querelemente 5 und die Ankerstäbe 8a,b und 14 vorzugsweise auf aromatischen Polyamiden basierende Materialien eingesetzt, die unter den Namen "Aramid", "Kevlar" oder "Twaron" bekannt sind. Diese Stoffe werden dann in Form dünner Fasern zu Gewebe verarbeitet oder direkt in Stabform verwendet.As already mentioned at the beginning, for the tissue 13, the longitudinal elements 4, the transverse elements 5 and the anchor rods 8a, b and 14 preferably on aromatic polyamides based materials used among the Names of "Aramid", "Kevlar" or "Twaron" are known. These substances then become tissue in the form of thin fibers processed or used directly in rod form.

    Insgesamt ergibt sich mit der Erfindung eine Mauerbewehrung, die leicht herzustellen, dauerhaft, einfach anzuwenden und vielseitg einsetzbar ist. Overall, the invention results in wall reinforcement, which are easy to manufacture, durable, easy to use and is versatile.

    BEZEICHNUNGSLISTELIST OF DESIGNATIONS

    11
    BewehrungselementReinforcement element
    22nd
    MauersteinBrick
    2a,..,2d2a, .., 2d
    MauersteinBrick
    33rd
    FugeGap
    44th
    LängselementLongitudinal element
    55
    QuerelementCross element
    66
    AbstandshalterSpacers
    7a7a
    Oberteil (Abstandshalter)Upper part (spacer)
    7b7b
    Unterteil (Abstandshalter)Lower part (spacer)
    8a,b8a, b
    AnkerstabAnchor rod
    10a,b,c10a, b, c
    FixierungsbügelFixation bracket
    11a,b11a, b
    MauerwerkswandMasonry wall
    12a,..,12d12a, .., 12d
    KlinkersteinClinker brick
    1313
    Gewebetissue
    1414
    AnkerstabAnchor rod
    15a,b,c15a, b, c
    FixierungsbügelFixation bracket
    1616
    WandzwischenraumWall space
    17a,b17a, b
    MauerwerkswandMasonry wall

    Claims (13)

    1. Use of a reinforcing element in a masonry structure, comprising a plurality of masonry blocks laid one on top of the other, between which there are joints (3) filled with mortar, for at least partial arrangement in one of the joints and for at least partial embedment in the mortar,
      (a) the reinforcing element having a plurality of parallel running longitudinal elements (4), and
      (b) the longitudinal elements (4) running in an element plane and having the form of filaments or thin rods,
      (c) a plurality of transverse elements (5), running parallel to one another in the element plane, likewise being provided in the form of filaments or thin rods for fixing the position of the longitudinal elements (4),
      (d) the longitudinal elements (4) and the transverse elements (5) being securely connected to one another in the form of a dimensionally stable, tension-resistant grid or woven mesh (13), and
      (e) the longitudinal elements (4) and the transverse elements (5) consisting of a flexible, concrete-compatible, tension-resistant and non-metallic material.
    2. Use according to Claim 1, characterized in that carbon fibres or aromatic polyamides are used as the material for the longitudinal elements.
    3. Use according to Claim 2, characterized in that the transverse elements (5) likewise contain carbon fibres or aromatic polyamides as a material.
    4. Use according to one of Claims 1-3, characterized in that the reinforcing element (1) has distributed in the element plane a plurality of spacers (6), which protrude on at least one side from the element plane and keep the reinforcing element (1) at a predetermined distance, at least on one side, from the masonry blocks (2; 2a,.., 2d) which are adjacent to the respective joint (3).
    5. Use according to Claim 4, characterized in that thickenings which are formed onto the grid comprising longitudinal elements (4) and transverse elements (5) are provided as spacers (6).
    6. Use according to Claim 4, characterized in that the spacers (6) in each case comprise an upper part (7a) and a lower part (7b), and are pressed by means of a snap-in lug, formed onto one part (7a or 7b), in the manner of a stud from both sides through a mesh of the grid formed by the longitudinal elements (4) and transverse elements (5) and are connected to one another with snap-in action.
    7. Use according to Claim 2, in which the reinforcing element (1) serves as a connection anchor for two masonry walls (11a, b) which are not interlocked and butt one against the other, characterized in that
      (a) at least two flexibly bendable anchor rods (8a, b) are provided
      (b) carbon fibres or aromatic polyamides are used as the material for the anchor rods (8a, b); and
      (c) the anchor rods (8a, b) run essentially parallel and at least partially crosswise for absorbing shearing forces at the transition from one masonry wall (11a) to the other masonry wall (11b).
    8. Use according to Claim 7, characterized in that the anchor rods (8a, b) are interwoven into the woven mesh (13).
    9. Use according to Claim 3, in which the reinforcing element (1) serves as a connection anchor for two parallel running masonry walls (17a, b), characterized in that
      (a) longitudinal elements (4) and transverse elements (5) are connected to form a woven mesh (13), which runs with the longitudinal elements (4) parallel to the masonry walls (17a, b) and connects corresponding joints of two masonry walls (17a, b); and
      (b) at least one flexibly bendable anchor rod (14), which runs between the corresponding joints of two masonry walls (17a, b), is incorporated into the woven mesh (13) for absorbing compressive loading; and
      (c) carbon fibres or aromatic polyamides are used as the material for the anchor rod (14).
    10. Use according to Claim 9, characterized in that a single, continuous anchor rod (14) which is bent in a corrugated form is used.
    11. Use according to Claim 10, characterized in that fixing clips (15a, b, c), additionally running in the longitudinal direction, are provided for fixing the position of the anchor rod (14).
    12. Use according to Claim 3, characterized in that in each case at least one reinforcing element (1) is fastened to a masonry block (2) in such a way that, when inserting the masonry block (2) into a masonry structure, part of the reinforcing element (1) overlaps the neighbouring masonry block on the same level and preferably also overlaps the reinforcing element (1) fastened on the said block.
    13. Use according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that at least the anchor rods (8a, b; 14) used in the reinforcing element (1) have a roughened surface for improving the bond with the mortar.
    EP93810258A 1992-04-13 1993-04-08 Reinforcement for masonry Revoked EP0566539B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    CH121992 1992-04-13
    CH1219/92 1992-04-13
    CH121992 1992-04-13

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0566539A1 EP0566539A1 (en) 1993-10-20
    EP0566539B1 true EP0566539B1 (en) 2000-06-21

    Family

    ID=4205282

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP93810258A Revoked EP0566539B1 (en) 1992-04-13 1993-04-08 Reinforcement for masonry

    Country Status (3)

    Country Link
    EP (1) EP0566539B1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE194022T1 (en)
    DE (1) DE59310061D1 (en)

    Families Citing this family (4)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    ATE230459T1 (en) * 1995-03-17 2003-01-15 Empa MULTI-LAYER LOOP ELEMENT
    KR20020028560A (en) * 2000-10-10 2002-04-17 유승룡 X-Brace of Preacst Beam-Column Joint
    GB2422156A (en) * 2005-01-18 2006-07-19 Michael Fewings Spacing aid and reinforcement element for mortar in brickwork and blockwork
    FR3070409B1 (en) * 2017-08-28 2021-05-28 Porcher Ind Masonry structure comprising a shell reinforced by at least one reinforcement grid

    Citations (2)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    CH676616A5 (en) * 1986-03-10 1991-02-15 Wienerberger Baustoffind Ag Wall made of hollow bricks
    NL9101565A (en) * 1991-09-17 1993-04-16 Hollandsche Betongroep Nv Masonry structure

    Family Cites Families (5)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US4297414A (en) * 1978-07-07 1981-10-27 Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. Reinforcing material for hydraulic substances and method for the production thereof
    US4689931A (en) * 1986-03-03 1987-09-01 Hodges Philip R Masonry construction device
    GB8718310D0 (en) * 1987-08-03 1987-09-09 Helix Reinforcements Ltd Wall starter tie
    US4899512A (en) * 1988-02-10 1990-02-13 Degooyer Lonnie C Spacer and fabric mesh reinforcement member for glass block masonry installation
    US5110656A (en) * 1989-03-15 1992-05-05 Kanebo Ltd. Impregnated leno fabric and reinforced inorganic matrix article

    Patent Citations (2)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    CH676616A5 (en) * 1986-03-10 1991-02-15 Wienerberger Baustoffind Ag Wall made of hollow bricks
    NL9101565A (en) * 1991-09-17 1993-04-16 Hollandsche Betongroep Nv Masonry structure

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    ATE194022T1 (en) 2000-07-15
    EP0566539A1 (en) 1993-10-20
    DE59310061D1 (en) 2000-07-27

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