EP0557565B1 - Low-noise commutator motor - Google Patents
Low-noise commutator motor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0557565B1 EP0557565B1 EP19920103466 EP92103466A EP0557565B1 EP 0557565 B1 EP0557565 B1 EP 0557565B1 EP 19920103466 EP19920103466 EP 19920103466 EP 92103466 A EP92103466 A EP 92103466A EP 0557565 B1 EP0557565 B1 EP 0557565B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- slots
- commutator
- another
- noise
- drive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 description 12
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009828 non-uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/04—Commutators
Definitions
- the invention relates to a low-noise commutator motor according to claim 1.
- Unwanted vibrations are mainly responsible for the operating noise in commutator motor drives, which are further amplified by coupling these drives to vibratable parts; when using commutator motors for power take-offs in motor vehicles, e.g. in the case of window lifter drives, the body parts used for mounting or, in the case of heating and air conditioning systems, the system housing parts or the blade rings of fans as resonance amplifiers.
- JP-A-55 109 156 shows commutators with the same lamella width but different lamella slot width.
- an additional noise reduction effect results from the fact that, with different distances between the lamella slots between the lamellae and thus with different widths of the lamellas ground by the brush, there are also different commutation times or commutation lengths;
- the torque fluctuations also recognized as responsible for undesired noise generation when switching on the individual partial windings of the rotor during commutation therefore no longer occur at the same time intervals and with the same sharpness, so that the portions of the frequency increases recognized as noise-generating, which are otherwise caused by the periodic torque fluctuations large amplitude have occurred, are also distributed over many frequencies of lower amplitude within the noise floor.
- FIG. 1 shows a first example of a known, non-uniform commutator division with different mutual spacings of lamella slots S1-S12 of equal length with respect to one another and correspondingly differently tangentially long lamellae L1-L12 between the lamella slots S1-S12.
- the corresponding different circumferential angles ⁇ 1- ⁇ 6 are entered for one half of the commutator 1 with the blades L1-L6; for the second half of the slats L7-L12 this division is then repeated with the circumferential angles ⁇ 7- ⁇ 12.
- FIG. 3 shows a second example of a known, non-uniform commutator division with insulating division slits S1-S12 arranged over the circumferential surface in uniform division (circumferential angle ⁇ 1- ⁇ 12) between the segments L1-L12, the tangential length of which, however, is of different sizes; this also prevents the otherwise occurring rotational frequencies due to brushes that regularly run or run along the edges of the slit slots.
- FIG. 4 finally shows a non-uniform distribution according to the invention of additional lamella slots ZS1-ZS5, which are incorporated in part of the lamellae L1-L12 on their surface, for example subsequently; with even distribution and the same tangential length of the slats L1-L12 and the insulating slat slots S1-S12 between them, the additional slat slots ZS1-ZS5 are in different distributions (circumferential angle ⁇ 1- ⁇ 5) on individual slats L1; L3; L7; L8 arranged.
- the resulting additional noise signals at non-uniform time intervals overlap with those of the uniform pitch, in particular the insulating lamella slots S1-S12, and thus also lead to the avoidance of disruptive individual frequencies of large amplitude, in particular in the case of a mutual phase difference.
- the uneven division can advantageously be limited only to partial regions of the peripheral surface of the commutator;
- the measures according to FIG. 1 or 3 or FIG. 4 can also be provided in whole or in part combination within the scope of the present invention.
- the degree of the different division to be provided results on the one hand from the degree of noise insulation desired and on the other hand through the limits of an electrical efficiency which may be slightly deteriorated by the measures according to the invention or the tangential width of the slat slots or necessary for adequate mutual insulation of the slats or the brush surface width required for sufficient current transmission or the width of a hook required for sufficient winding wire fastening in each case on the end face of a lamella.
- the invention of course also extends to motors of another type, in which, however, fins are ground in an equivalent manner to a commutator motor and, due to their otherwise uniform division over the circumference, noise increases when grinding by brushes and in particular when the brush edges are periodically immersed in the finned slots.
Landscapes
- Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen geräuscharmen Kommutatormotor gemäß Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a low-noise commutator motor according to claim 1.
Für das Betriebsgeräusch bei Kommutatormotor-Antrieben sind vorwiegend unerwünschte Vibrationen verantwortlich, die durch Ankopplung dieser Antriebe an schwingungsfähige Teile noch verstärkt werden; bei Verwendung von Kommutatormotoren für Nebenantriebe in Kraftfahrzeugen wirken z.B. bei Fensterheberantrieben die zur Halterung dienenden Karosserieteile oder bei Heizungs- und Klimaanlagen die Anlage-Gehäuseteile oder die Schaufelkränze von Lüftern als Resonanzverstärker.Unwanted vibrations are mainly responsible for the operating noise in commutator motor drives, which are further amplified by coupling these drives to vibratable parts; when using commutator motors for power take-offs in motor vehicles, e.g. in the case of window lifter drives, the body parts used for mounting or, in the case of heating and air conditioning systems, the system housing parts or the blade rings of fans as resonance amplifiers.
Durch die US-A-4 792 714 sind Kommutatoren mit unterschiedlicher Lamellenbreite und gleicher Lamellenschlitzbreite bekannt; die JP-A-55 109 156 zeigt Kommutatoren mit gleicher Lamellenbreite jedoch unterschliedlicher Lamellenschlitzbreite.From US-A-4 792 714 commutators with different lamella width and same lamella slot width are known; JP-A-55 109 156 shows commutators with the same lamella width but different lamella slot width.
Gemäß Aufgabe vorliegender Erfindung soll eine demgegenüber mit geringerem Aufwand erzielbare und trotzdem wirksamere Minderung des Betriebsgeräusches bei Kommutatormotoren erreicht werden.In accordance with the object of the present invention, a reduction in the operating noise in the case of commutator motors which can be achieved with less effort and is nevertheless more effective is to be achieved.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe gelingt durch die Lehre des Anspruchs 1, bei der die Maßnahmen zur Geräuschminderung auch nachträglich an Kommutatoren mit üblicher gleichmäßiger Teilung oder als Zusatzausstattung an bekannten Kommutatoren mit ungleichmäßiger Teilung vorgesehen werden können.This object is achieved by the teaching of claim 1, in which the measures for noise reduction can also be provided retrospectively on commutators with conventional uniform division or as additional equipment on known commutators with uneven division.
In vorteilhafter Weise ergibt sich ein zusätzlicher Geräuschminderungseffekt dadurch, daß bei unterschiedlichen Abständen der Lamellenschlitze zwischen den Lamellen und damit bei unterschiedlichen Breiten der von der Bürste beschliffenen Lamellen auch unterschiedliche Kommutierungszeitpunkte bzw. Kommutierungslängen gegeben sind; die ebenfalls für eine unerwünschte Geräuscherzeugung als verantwortlich erkannten Drehmomentschwankungen beim Weiterschalten der einzelnen Teilwicklungen des Läufers bei der Kommutierung treten daher nicht mehr in gleichen Zeitabständen und in gleicher Schärfe auf, so daß die Anteile der als geräuscherzeugend erkannten Frequenzüberhöhungen, welche durch die periodischen Drehmomentschwankungen ansonsten mit großer Amplitude aufgetreten sind, ebenfalls auf viele Frequenzen niedrigerer Amplitude innerhalb des Grundrauschens verteilt werden.In an advantageous manner, an additional noise reduction effect results from the fact that, with different distances between the lamella slots between the lamellae and thus with different widths of the lamellas ground by the brush, there are also different commutation times or commutation lengths; The torque fluctuations also recognized as responsible for undesired noise generation when switching on the individual partial windings of the rotor during commutation therefore no longer occur at the same time intervals and with the same sharpness, so that the portions of the frequency increases recognized as noise-generating, which are otherwise caused by the periodic torque fluctuations large amplitude have occurred, are also distributed over many frequencies of lower amplitude within the noise floor.
Die Erfindung sowie weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung gemäß Merkmalen der Unteransprüche werden im folgenden anhand schematischer Darstellungen in der Zeichnung näher erläutert; darin zeigen:
- FIG 1
- die axiale Draufsicht auf einen Kommutator mit einer ersten bekannten ungleichmäßigen Teilung;
- FIG 2
- die axiale Draufsicht auf einen Kommutator mit einer bekannten gleichmäßigen Teilung;
- FIG 3
- die axiale Draufsicht auf einen Kommutator mit einer zweiten bekannten ungleichmäßigen Teilung;
- FIG 4
- die axiale Draufsicht auf einen Kommuator mit einer erfindungsgemäßen ungleichmäßigen Teilung;
- FIG. 1
- the axial plan view of a commutator with a first known uneven division;
- FIG 2
- the axial plan view of a commutator with a known uniform pitch;
- FIG 3
- the axial plan view of a commutator with a second known uneven division;
- FIG 4
- the axial plan view of a commuator with an uneven pitch according to the invention;
FIG 2 zeigt eine bekannte gleichmäßige Verteilung von hier vorgesehenen zwölf Lamellen L1-L12 und zwischen deren tangentialen Stirnseiten ebenfalls gleichmäßig verteilten zwölf Lamellenschlitzen S1-S12; bei dieser Verteilung ergibt sich somit ein gegenseitiger gleichmäßiger Abstand der Lamellenschlitze mit einem jeweiligen Umfangswinkel β = 30°.2 shows a known uniform distribution of the twelve lamellae L1-L12 provided here and between their tangential ones End faces also equally distributed twelve slat slots S1-S12; this distribution results in a mutually uniform spacing of the lamella slots with a respective circumferential angle β = 30 °.
FIG 1 zeigt ein erstes Beispiel einer bekanntenn ungleichmäßigen Kommutatorteilung mit unterschiedlichen gegenseitigen Abständen von tangential untereinander gleichlangen Lamellenschlitzen S1-S12 und dementsprechend unterschiedlich tangential lange Lamellen L1-L12 zwischen den Lamellenschlitzen S1-S12. Die entsprechenden unterschiedlichen Umfangswinkel α 1- α6 sind für die eine Hälfte des Kommutators 1 mit den Lamellen L1-L6 eingetragen; für die zweite Hälfte der Lamellen L7-L12 wiederholt sich dann diese Teilung mit den Umfangswinkeln α 7- α12.1 shows a first example of a known, non-uniform commutator division with different mutual spacings of lamella slots S1-S12 of equal length with respect to one another and correspondingly differently tangentially long lamellae L1-L12 between the lamella slots S1-S12. The corresponding different circumferential angles α 1- α6 are entered for one half of the commutator 1 with the blades L1-L6; for the second half of the slats L7-L12 this division is then repeated with the circumferential angles α 7- α12.
FIG 3 zeigt ein zweites Beispiel einer bekanntenn ungleichmäßigen Kommutatorteilung mit über dessen Umfangsfläche in gleichmäßiger Teilung (Umfangswinkel β1-β12) zwischen den Lamellen L1-L12 angeordneten isolierenden Lamellenschlitzen S1-S12, deren tangentiale Länge jedoch unterschiedlich groß ist; auch dadurch lassen sich ansonsten auftretende Drehfrequenzen aufgrund regelmäßig an Lamellenschlitz-Kanten an- bzw. ablaufenden Bürsten verhindern.3 shows a second example of a known, non-uniform commutator division with insulating division slits S1-S12 arranged over the circumferential surface in uniform division (circumferential angle β1-β12) between the segments L1-L12, the tangential length of which, however, is of different sizes; this also prevents the otherwise occurring rotational frequencies due to brushes that regularly run or run along the edges of the slit slots.
FIG 4 zeigt schließlich eine erfindungsgemäße ungleichmäßige Verteilung von in einem Teil der Lamellen L1-L12 an deren Oberfläche, z.B. nachträglich, eingearbeiteter Zusatz-Lamellenschlitze ZS1-ZS5; bei gleichmäßiger Verteilung und untereinander jeweils gleicher tangentialer Länge der Lamellen L1-L12 und der zwischenliegenden isolierenden Lamellenschlitze S1-S12 sind die Zusatz-Lamellenschlitze ZS1-ZS5 in unterschiedlicher Verteilung (Umfangswinkel γ1- γ5) auf jeweils einzelnen Lamellen L1;L3; L7;L8 angeordnet. Die dadurch in ungleichmäßigen Zeitabständen entstehenden zusätzlichen Geräuschsignale überlagern sich mit denen der gleichmäßigen Teilung, insbesondere der isolierenden Lamellenschlitze S1-S12, und führen so ebenfalls, insbesondere bei gegenseitiger Phasendifferenz, zur Vermeidung störender Einzelfrequenzen großer Amplitude.FIG. 4 finally shows a non-uniform distribution according to the invention of additional lamella slots ZS1-ZS5, which are incorporated in part of the lamellae L1-L12 on their surface, for example subsequently; with even distribution and the same tangential length of the slats L1-L12 and the insulating slat slots S1-S12 between them, the additional slat slots ZS1-ZS5 are in different distributions (circumferential angle γ1- γ5) on individual slats L1; L3; L7; L8 arranged. The resulting additional noise signals at non-uniform time intervals overlap with those of the uniform pitch, in particular the insulating lamella slots S1-S12, and thus also lead to the avoidance of disruptive individual frequencies of large amplitude, in particular in the case of a mutual phase difference.
So wie im Fall des Ausführungsbeispiels nach FIG 4 kann auch bei denen gemäß FIG 1 bzw. FIG 3 die ungleichmäßige Teilung in vorteilhafter Weise nur auf Teilbereiche der Umfangsfläche des Kommutators beschränkt sein; in ähnlicher Weise können auch die erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen nach FIG 1 bzw. 3 bzw. FIG 4 in ganzer oder teilweiser Kombination im Rahmen vorliegender Erfindung vorgesehen werden.As in the case of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4, in the case of those according to FIG. 1 or FIG. 3 the uneven division can advantageously be limited only to partial regions of the peripheral surface of the commutator; Similarly, the measures according to FIG. 1 or 3 or FIG. 4 can also be provided in whole or in part combination within the scope of the present invention.
Der Grad der vorzusehenden unterschiedlichen Teilung ergibt sich für den Fachmann einerseits durch das Maß der gewünschten Geräuschdämmung und andererseits durch die Grenzen eines durch die erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen gegebenenfalls geringfügig verschlechterten elektrischen Wirkungsgrades bzw. der für eine hinreichende gegenseitige Isolierung der Lamellen notwendigen tangentialen Breite der Lamellenschlitze bzw. der für eine hinreichende Stromübertragung notwendigen Bürstenflächenbreite bzw. der für eine hinreichende Wicklungsdrahtbefestigung notwendigen Breite eines Hakens jeweils an der Stirnseite einer Lamelle.For the person skilled in the art, the degree of the different division to be provided results on the one hand from the degree of noise insulation desired and on the other hand through the limits of an electrical efficiency which may be slightly deteriorated by the measures according to the invention or the tangential width of the slat slots or necessary for adequate mutual insulation of the slats or the brush surface width required for sufficient current transmission or the width of a hook required for sufficient winding wire fastening in each case on the end face of a lamella.
Die Erfindung erstreckt sich selbstverständlich auch auf Motoren anderer Bauart, bei denen jedoch in äquivalenter Weise zu einem Kommutatormotor Lamellen beschliffen werden und durch deren ansonsten gleichmäßige Teilung über den Umfang Geräuschüberhöhungen beim Beschleifen durch Bürsten und insbesondere beim periodischen Eintauchen derer Bürstenkanten in die Lamellenschlitze auftreten.The invention of course also extends to motors of another type, in which, however, fins are ground in an equivalent manner to a commutator motor and, due to their otherwise uniform division over the circumference, noise increases when grinding by brushes and in particular when the brush edges are periodically immersed in the finned slots.
Claims (6)
- Low-noise commutator motor with segment slots (S1-S12) evenly distributed over the circumferential face of the commutator (1), the slots having the same tangential lengths as one another between evenly distributed segments (L1-L12) having the same tangential lengths as one another, the motor further having additional, unevenly distributed (circumferential angle γ1-γ5), segment slots (ZS1-ZS5), in the segments (L1-L12), the additional slots having with respect to one another the same or different tangential lengths (Fig. 4).
- Low-noise commutator motor according to claim 1, additionally with segment slots (S1-S12), unevenly distributed (circumferential angle α1-α12 over the circumferential face of the commutator (1), the slots having the same tangential lengths as one another between segments (L1-L12) which have correspondingly different tangential lengths from one another.
- Low-noise commutator motor according to claim 1, additionally with segment slots (S1-S12), evenly distributed (circumferential angle β1-β12) over the circumferential face of the commutator (1), the slots having different tangential lengths from one another between segments (L1-L12) which have correspondingly different tangential lengths from one another.
- Use of the commutator motor according to one of claims 1-3 as a drive for a motor-vehicle auxiliary drive.
- Use of the commutator motor according to one of claims 1-3 as a drive for a motor-vehicle ventilator drive.
- Use of the commutator motor according to one of claims 1-3 as a drive for a motor-vehicle window-lifter drive.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19920103466 EP0557565B1 (en) | 1992-02-28 | 1992-02-28 | Low-noise commutator motor |
| DE92103466T DE59200016D1 (en) | 1992-02-28 | 1992-02-28 | Low-noise commutator motor. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19920103466 EP0557565B1 (en) | 1992-02-28 | 1992-02-28 | Low-noise commutator motor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0557565A1 EP0557565A1 (en) | 1993-09-01 |
| EP0557565B1 true EP0557565B1 (en) | 1993-10-06 |
Family
ID=8209382
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19920103466 Expired - Lifetime EP0557565B1 (en) | 1992-02-28 | 1992-02-28 | Low-noise commutator motor |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0557565B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59200016D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014039372A (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2014-02-27 | Asmo Co Ltd | Dc motor |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE8323218U1 (en) * | 1984-10-18 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Gear motor, in particular for an electromotive window regulator drive in a motor vehicle | |
| US4792714A (en) * | 1988-02-01 | 1988-12-20 | General Motors Corporation | Commutator with non-uniform bars and equally spaced hooks |
-
1992
- 1992-02-28 DE DE92103466T patent/DE59200016D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-02-28 EP EP19920103466 patent/EP0557565B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0557565A1 (en) | 1993-09-01 |
| DE59200016D1 (en) | 1993-11-11 |
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