EP0547540A1 - Boiler with flue gas recycling circuit - Google Patents
Boiler with flue gas recycling circuit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0547540A1 EP0547540A1 EP92121236A EP92121236A EP0547540A1 EP 0547540 A1 EP0547540 A1 EP 0547540A1 EP 92121236 A EP92121236 A EP 92121236A EP 92121236 A EP92121236 A EP 92121236A EP 0547540 A1 EP0547540 A1 EP 0547540A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- boiler
- hopper
- gases
- recycled
- screens
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a high power boiler with a gas recycling circuit.
- a boiler comprising large vertical walls made up of screens of exchange tubes, equipped with a smoke recycling circuit and comprising at its lower part a prismatic portion called an ashtray.
- boilers are also equipped with associated burners with an air supply arrangement, these burners being able to be tiltable.
- the adjustment of the boilers is done on the one hand by the adjustment of the flow of recycled gases, in order to increase the flow of fumes in the boiler and the exchange of appliances working in convection, and on the other hand by the modification of the level fire thanks to the tilting burners acting on the devices working with radiation.
- the absorption of overheating and reheating can be regulated by cleverly placing the appliances in the hearth.
- these conduits are connected substantially horizontally to one of the ramps of the ashtray (the rampants being the screens of exchange tubes inclined inwards at the bottom of the boiler and forming the ashtray).
- these horizontal conduits open into the screen forming one of the side faces of an ash hopper called a scourer disposed under the ashtray.
- conduits for supplying recycled gases there is always an impossibility of rational installation of these conduits, because of the apparatuses (in particular the collectors and supply tubes extending the screens of tubes of 'exchange) systematically present and bulky on the sides of the boiler and which necessarily lead to deviations of the recycling ducts and the exchange tubes and the installation of specific seals, particularly expensive operations.
- the recycled combustion gases are brought by at least one conduit opening into one of the walls at the end of a hopper disposed under the ashtray.
- each end wall is provided with a conduit for supplying the recycled gases.
- each conduit is at least partially inclined downward, near its mouth. in the hopper, its lowest point being disposed at this mouth.
- This arrangement for supplying recycled gases is applicable to any boiler operating on fuel oil only or fuel oil and solid fuel, whether the screens are vertical or so-called spiral tubes.
- the boiler has vertical walls 5 of large dimension made up of screens of exchange tubes supplied by the collectors and the tubes 8. Secondary air supply ducts 6 supply this air to burners 7 arranged on the walls 5 known as side of the boiler.
- a smoke recycling circuit 1 It is equipped with a smoke recycling circuit 1 and has at its lower part a prismatic portion called an ashtray 2 provided with a hopper 4 into which the recycled combustion gases are brought, by two conduits 3 opening into the walls said to be end of the hopper 4.
- Each conduit 3 is inclined downwards near its mouth in the hopper 4, its lowest point being disposed at this mouth.
- the boiler can be provided with a single conduit 3 for supplying the recycled gases and in this case the fumes run horizontally through the hopper 4 over its entire length, rise along the wall and mix in the ashtray 2, before rising in the combustion vortex.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention se rapporte à une chaudière de grande puissance à circuit de recyclage des gaz.The present invention relates to a high power boiler with a gas recycling circuit.
Plus précisément, elle concerne une chaudière comportant des parois verticales de grande dimension constituées d'écrans de tubes d'échange, équipée d'un circuit de recyclage des fumées et comportant à sa partie inférieure une portion prismatique dite cendrier.More specifically, it relates to a boiler comprising large vertical walls made up of screens of exchange tubes, equipped with a smoke recycling circuit and comprising at its lower part a prismatic portion called an ashtray.
De façon classique, de telles chaudières sont par ailleurs équipées de brûleurs associés d'un agencement d'alimentation en air, ces brûleurs pouvant être inclinables. Le réglage des chaudières se fait d'une part par le réglage du débit des gaz recyclés, afin d'augmenter le débit de fumées en chaudière et l'échange des appareils travaillant en convexion, et d'autre part par la modification du niveau du feu grâce aux brûleurs inclinables agissant sur les appareils travaillant au rayonnement. Par l'intermédiaire de ces deux moyens, on peut régler l'absorption de la surchauffe et de la resurchauffe en disposant astucieusement les appareils dans le foyer.Conventionally, such boilers are also equipped with associated burners with an air supply arrangement, these burners being able to be tiltable. The adjustment of the boilers is done on the one hand by the adjustment of the flow of recycled gases, in order to increase the flow of fumes in the boiler and the exchange of appliances working in convection, and on the other hand by the modification of the level fire thanks to the tilting burners acting on the devices working with radiation. By means of these two means, the absorption of overheating and reheating can be regulated by cleverly placing the appliances in the hearth.
Dans les chaudières connues, les gaz recyclés sont amenés par des conduits traversants les écrans latéraux de la chaudière. Cet art antérieur est illustré par les brevets américains US-A-3 090 332 et US-A-2 985 152.In known boilers, the recycled gases are brought through conduits passing through the side screens of the boiler. This prior art is illustrated by American patents US-A-3,090,332 and US-A-2,985,152.
Plus précisément, dans le cas de chaudières fonctionnant au fioul, ces conduits se raccordent de façon sensiblement horizontale à l'un des rampants du cendrier (les rampants étant les écrans de tubes d'échange inclinés vers l'intérieur au bas de la chaudière et formant le cendrier).More precisely, in the case of oil-fired boilers, these conduits are connected substantially horizontally to one of the ramps of the ashtray (the rampants being the screens of exchange tubes inclined inwards at the bottom of the boiler and forming the ashtray).
Dans le cas de chaudière fonctionnant au charbon ou de fonctionnement mixte fioul/charbon, ces conduits horizontaux débouchent dans l'écran formant l'une des faces latérales d'une trémie à cendres dite décrasseur disposée sous le cendrier.In the case of a boiler operating on coal or of mixed fuel / coal operation, these horizontal conduits open into the screen forming one of the side faces of an ash hopper called a scourer disposed under the ashtray.
Il est important d'obtenir une bonne homogénéité des gaz de recyclage dans la chaudière afin de ne pas perturber le vortex de combustion créé au niveau des brûleurs.It is important to obtain good homogeneity of the recycling gases in the boiler so as not to disturb the combustion vortex created at the burners.
C'est pourquoi, il est indispensable d'installer plusieurs conduits d'amenée des gaz recyclés sur une face latérale, jusqu'à quatre conduits pour un grand foyer. Or la réalisation d'ouvreaux (passage dans les écrans de tubes d'échange) nécessite des opérations relativement compliquées, en particulier dans le cas d'écrans à tubes dits spiraux, et des agencements de continuité des tubes. De plus, lorsqu'ils sont de grande dimension, les ouvreaux présentent des points bas non vidangeables.This is why it is essential to install several pipes for the supply of recycled gases on a side face, up to four pipes for a large fireplace. However, the production of openings (passage through the screens of exchange tubes) requires relatively complicated operations, in particular in the case of screens with so-called spiral tubes, and arrangements for continuity of the tubes. In addition, when they are large, the openings have non-drainable low points.
Par ailleurs, avec un tel agencement latéral des conduits d'amenée des gaz recyclés, se présente toujours une impossibilité d'installation rationnelle de ces conduits, à cause des appareillages (en particulier les collecteurs et tubes d'alimentation prolongeant les écrans de tubes d'échange) systématiquement présents et encombrants sur les côtés de la chaudière et qui entraînent nécessairement des déviations des gaines de recyclage et des tubes d'échange et l'installation des joints spécifiques, opérations particulièrement coûteuses.Furthermore, with such a lateral arrangement of the conduits for supplying recycled gases, there is always an impossibility of rational installation of these conduits, because of the apparatuses (in particular the collectors and supply tubes extending the screens of tubes of 'exchange) systematically present and bulky on the sides of the boiler and which necessarily lead to deviations of the recycling ducts and the exchange tubes and the installation of specific seals, particularly expensive operations.
Enfin, dans le cas d'un fonctionnement au charbon, se pose toujours le problème de l'accumulation des cendres à l'embouchure des conduits d'amenée des gaz recyclés, même pour les chaudières à trémie à cendres, les conduits étant horizontaux à leur embouchure dans la trémie.Finally, in the case of coal-fired operation, there is always the problem of the accumulation of ash at the mouth of the pipes for supplying recycled gases, even for boilers with ash hopper, the pipes being horizontal with their mouth in the hopper.
Grâce à l'invention, ces problèmes sont résolus et pour ce faire, les gaz de combustion recyclés sont amenés par au moins un conduit débouchant dans l'une des parois en bout d'une trémie disposée sous le cendrier.Thanks to the invention, these problems are solved and to do this, the recycled combustion gases are brought by at least one conduit opening into one of the walls at the end of a hopper disposed under the ashtray.
Ainsi, avec un ou deux conduits, l'on obtient un mélange homogène des gaz dans le foyer et un absence de perturbations du vortex de combustion par les gaz recyclés. Ceci est en particulier réalisé grâce à la tranchée que constitue la trémie et dans laquelle les gaz se diluent librement dans l'axe du foyer.Thus, with one or two conduits, a homogeneous mixture of gases is obtained in the hearth and an absence of disturbances of the combustion vortex by the recycled gases. This is in particular achieved thanks to the trench which constitutes the hopper and in which the gases are freely diluted in the axis of the hearth.
De préférence, afin d'améliorer l'homogénéité des gaz, chaque paroi en bout est pourvue d'un conduit d'amenée des gaz recyclés.Preferably, in order to improve the homogeneity of the gases, each end wall is provided with a conduit for supplying the recycled gases.
De plus cette disposition permet de s'affranchir des problèmes d'encombrement latéraux de la chaudière et afin de supprimer tout risque de remplissage des conduits par des cendres de charbon, chaque conduit est au moins partiellement incliné vers le bas, à proximité de son embouchure dans la trémie, son point le plus bas étant disposé à cette embouchure.In addition, this arrangement makes it possible to overcome the problems of lateral space requirement of the boiler and in order to eliminate any risk of filling of the conduits with coal ash, each conduit is at least partially inclined downward, near its mouth. in the hopper, its lowest point being disposed at this mouth.
Cet agencement d'amenée des gaz recyclés est applicable à toute chaudière fonctionnant au fioul seul ou au fioul et combustible solide, que les écrans soient à tubes verticaux ou dits spiraux.This arrangement for supplying recycled gases is applicable to any boiler operating on fuel oil only or fuel oil and solid fuel, whether the screens are vertical or so-called spiral tubes.
L'invention est décrite ci-après plus en détail à l'aide d'une figure représentant seulement un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention.The invention is described below in more detail using a figure showing only a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Celle-ci est une vue partielle en perspective d'une chaudière conforme à l'invention.This is a partial perspective view of a boiler according to the invention.
La chaudière comporte des parois verticales 5 de grande dimension constituées d'écrans de tubes d'échange alimentés par les collecteurs et les tubes 8. Des gaines d'alimentation en air secondaire 6 amène cet air à des brûleurs 7 disposés sur les parois 5 dite latérales de la chaudière.The boiler has
Elle est équipée d'un circuit 1 de recyclage des fumées et comporte à sa partie inférieure une portion prismatique dite cendrier 2 pourvue d'une trémie 4 dans laquelle sont amenés les gaz de combustion recyclés, par deux conduits 3 débouchant dans les parois dites en bout de la trémie 4. Chaque conduit 3 est incliné vers le bas à proximité de son embouchure dans la trémie 4, son point le plus bas étant disposé à cette embouchure.It is equipped with a smoke recycling circuit 1 and has at its lower part a prismatic portion called an ashtray 2 provided with a hopper 4 into which the recycled combustion gases are brought, by two conduits 3 opening into the walls said to be end of the hopper 4. Each conduit 3 is inclined downwards near its mouth in the hopper 4, its lowest point being disposed at this mouth.
Des essais ont démontré que les fumées recyclées s'écoulent horizontalement dans la "tranchée" constituée par la trémie 4, se rencontrent dans l'axe longitudinal de la chaudière, remontent dans le vortex de combustion puis s'écoulent avec les mouvements de recirculation latéraux. Audessus du cendrier 2, dès le premier niveau de brûleur 7, le vortex devient important et le mélange des fumées recyclées avec les fumées de combustion est très homogène.Tests have shown that the recycled fumes flow horizontally in the "trench" formed by the hopper 4, meet in the longitudinal axis of the boiler, rise in the combustion vortex and then flow with the lateral recirculation movements. . Above the ashtray 2, from the first burner level 7, the vortex becomes large and the mixture of recycled fumes with combustion fumes is very homogeneous.
La chaudière peut être pourvue d'un seul conduit 3 d'amenée des gaz recyclés et dans ce cas les fumées parcourent horizontalement la trémie 4 sur toute sa longueur, remontent le long de la paroi et se mélangent dans le cendrier 2, avant de remonter dans le vortex de combustion.The boiler can be provided with a single conduit 3 for supplying the recycled gases and in this case the fumes run horizontally through the hopper 4 over its entire length, rise along the wall and mix in the ashtray 2, before rising in the combustion vortex.
Il est particulièrement visible sur la figure que cette disposition permet de s'affranchir des problèmes d'encombrement latéraux de la chaudière, les conduits 3 pouvant être installés rationnellement sans interaction avec les collecteurs et tubes d'alimentation 8 prolongeant les écrans de tubes d'échange.It is particularly visible in the figure that this arrangement makes it possible to overcome the problems of lateral dimensions of the boiler, the conduits 3 being able to be installed rationally without interaction with the collectors and supply tubes 8 extending the screens of tubes exchange.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9115732A FR2685446A1 (en) | 1991-12-18 | 1991-12-18 | BOILER WITH SMOKE RECYCLING CIRCUIT. |
| FR9115732 | 1991-12-18 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0547540A1 true EP0547540A1 (en) | 1993-06-23 |
| EP0547540B1 EP0547540B1 (en) | 1995-11-29 |
Family
ID=9420189
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP92121236A Expired - Lifetime EP0547540B1 (en) | 1991-12-18 | 1992-12-14 | Boiler with flue gas recycling circuit |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5375538A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0547540B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69206392T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2080421T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2685446A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB0712205D0 (en) * | 2007-06-23 | 2007-08-01 | Oliver Crispin Robotics Ltd | Improvements in and relating to robotoc arms |
| FI121581B (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2011-01-14 | Foster Wheeler Energia Oy | thermal power boiler |
| KR101656609B1 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2016-09-09 | 두산중공업 주식회사 | Large particle ash capture apparatus for thermal power plant |
| KR101656608B1 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2016-09-09 | 두산중공업 주식회사 | Large particle ash capture apparatus for thermal power plant |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2985152A (en) * | 1951-11-19 | 1961-05-23 | Bailey Meter Co | Vapor generating and superheating operation |
| US3090332A (en) * | 1960-12-29 | 1963-05-21 | Combustion Eng | Gas recirculation duct |
| US4494468A (en) * | 1983-12-23 | 1985-01-22 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Steam generator with gas recirculation to the ash hopper region of the furnace |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US423518A (en) * | 1890-03-18 | Steam-generator and furnace | ||
| US2840054A (en) * | 1951-10-08 | 1958-06-24 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Power generating and superheating method, and apparatus therefor |
| GB747219A (en) * | 1953-03-09 | 1956-03-28 | Babcock & Wilcox Ltd | Improvements in or relating to tubulous vapour generating and vapour heating units |
-
1991
- 1991-12-18 FR FR9115732A patent/FR2685446A1/en active Pending
-
1992
- 1992-12-14 DE DE69206392T patent/DE69206392T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-12-14 EP EP92121236A patent/EP0547540B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-12-14 ES ES92121236T patent/ES2080421T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-12-15 US US07/991,542 patent/US5375538A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2985152A (en) * | 1951-11-19 | 1961-05-23 | Bailey Meter Co | Vapor generating and superheating operation |
| US3090332A (en) * | 1960-12-29 | 1963-05-21 | Combustion Eng | Gas recirculation duct |
| US4494468A (en) * | 1983-12-23 | 1985-01-22 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Steam generator with gas recirculation to the ash hopper region of the furnace |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE69206392D1 (en) | 1996-01-11 |
| EP0547540B1 (en) | 1995-11-29 |
| FR2685446A1 (en) | 1993-06-25 |
| ES2080421T3 (en) | 1996-02-01 |
| DE69206392T2 (en) | 1996-04-18 |
| US5375538A (en) | 1994-12-27 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CA2464490C (en) | Combustion apparatus for solid fuel | |
| US4092095A (en) | Combustor for waste gases | |
| EP0171788B1 (en) | Ignition and support burner for solid fossil pulverized fuel, and combustion chamber comprising such a burner | |
| WO2011008699A1 (en) | Improved fire grate for enhanced combustion with vertical and horizontal expansion sleeves | |
| CN1099545C (en) | Atmospheric gas burner having diffusion pilot for improved dynamic stability | |
| EP0547540B1 (en) | Boiler with flue gas recycling circuit | |
| US1951379A (en) | Combined gas and oil burner | |
| CN101050868A (en) | multi-fuel stove | |
| FR2707104A1 (en) | Range or boiler with demountable hearth, and a supply of preheated primary air via a demountable duct | |
| EP0173628B1 (en) | Incinerator for incinerating refuse | |
| EP0084043B1 (en) | An arrangement in combustion chambers for burning solid fuel | |
| EP2679908A2 (en) | Stove with additional airflow | |
| GB2324856A (en) | Fuel burning stove | |
| EP0104177A1 (en) | Burner for combustion of granular fuels. | |
| FR2571474A1 (en) | Solid fuel burner for a boiler | |
| US4320737A (en) | Flue arrangement for stove and fireplace | |
| KR20160136930A (en) | Combustion tube for outdoor | |
| US3645248A (en) | Constant burning pilot for double burner oven | |
| CA1112967A (en) | Flue arrangement for stove and fireplace | |
| FR2581735A1 (en) | Heating apparatus operating with a solid fuel, such as a boiler in particular for a central heating installation | |
| EP0106832A2 (en) | Heating apparatus convertible into a closed or open fire | |
| US4222363A (en) | Draft tube for wood burning stoves | |
| SU1615482A1 (en) | Water-heating boiler | |
| RU2034193C1 (en) | Hot-water-tube boiler | |
| SU50925A1 (en) | Dust gas burner |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19931215 |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19950220 |
|
| GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT |
|
| REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 69206392 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19960111 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2080421 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 |
|
| ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed | ||
| GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 19960111 |
|
| PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
| 26N | No opposition filed | ||
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20011208 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: IF02 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20021128 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20021206 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20021212 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20030701 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20031214 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20031215 |
|
| GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20031214 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20040831 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FD2A Effective date: 20031215 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED. Effective date: 20051214 |