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EP0423461B1 - Centrifugeuse décanteuse à bol plein - Google Patents

Centrifugeuse décanteuse à bol plein Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0423461B1
EP0423461B1 EP90116037A EP90116037A EP0423461B1 EP 0423461 B1 EP0423461 B1 EP 0423461B1 EP 90116037 A EP90116037 A EP 90116037A EP 90116037 A EP90116037 A EP 90116037A EP 0423461 B1 EP0423461 B1 EP 0423461B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
centrifuge
solid
screw
drum
guide elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90116037A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0423461A3 (en
EP0423461A2 (fr
Inventor
Reinhold Dr. Schilp
Wolfgang Epper
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deutz AG
Original Assignee
Deutz AG
Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=25886188&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0423461(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Deutz AG, Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG filed Critical Deutz AG
Publication of EP0423461A2 publication Critical patent/EP0423461A2/fr
Publication of EP0423461A3 publication Critical patent/EP0423461A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0423461B1 publication Critical patent/EP0423461B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/20—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/20—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
    • B04B2001/2033—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl with feed accelerator inside the conveying screw

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a solid-bowl screw centrifuge for the continuous separation of a solid-liquid mixture, consisting of an elongated centrifuge drum which is rotatably mounted about its longitudinal axis and which surrounds a coaxially arranged screw conveyor rotating at a different speed, the screw spirals of which are attached to a screw drum , Means for feeding material to be separated into the drum along its axis and openings for the discharge of the separated light and heavy materials are provided.
  • a screw centrifuge is known in which, by arranging the discharge openings for the light phase in the vicinity of the drum shaft axis, the centrifuge drum can be filled with light phase to such an extent that the screw conveyor, which is hollow and of particularly low weight, can be filled is floating self-centering in the light phase. This enables high speeds and high throughputs, but means that the centrifuge must always be completely filled, which requires a particularly high monitoring effort.
  • a cylindrical solid-bowl screw centrifuge of the above type for separating suspensions which has a cutting disc with an annular gap between the cutting disc and centrifuge drum at the end of the separation space.
  • Clear phase channels are arranged radially on the screw body at a distance in front of the cutting disc and open into an axially arranged clear phase discharge line.
  • a radially extending sediment channel Immediately behind the cutting disc is a radially extending sediment channel, which opens into a sediment discharge line arranged coaxially with the clear phase discharge line.
  • a disadvantage of this known solid-bowl screw centrifuge is that, owing to the risk of clogging of the discharge channels, it can only be used to separate thin media, and that these media must not only be supplied to the centrifuge under excess pressure, but also that the centrifuge only under excess pressure can be operated.
  • the centrifuge must be provided with special seals, in particular mechanical seals, both in the feed area and in the discharge area of the separated media, which not only have to be replaced frequently due to the rapid wear and tear, but which also have a relatively complicated design and are therefore very expensive to buy.
  • the liquid discharge through the centrifuge hollow shaft is required a special hollow shaft gear for the worm drive, which is also relatively expensive and associated with correspondingly higher acquisition costs.
  • the same disadvantages also apply to the solid-bowl screw centrifuge known from US Pat. No. 4,566,873, which is basically of the same design.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a solid-bowl screw centrifuge which, while avoiding the disadvantages mentioned above, is not only distinguished by its simple structural design, but which, even with high separation performance and very low energy consumption, continuously separates solid-liquid mixtures, in particular the drainage of thick sludge.
  • the design of the centrifuge according to the invention not only enables a pressure-free feeding of the solid-liquid mixture into the separating space of the centrifuge and the discharge of the separated substances from the centrifuge without special mechanical seals, but also a radial deflection of the Liquid separated from the solid reached laterally to the liquid discharge and thereby recovered a large part of the kinetic energy, which is in the suspension in the separation chamber of the centrifuge.
  • the centrifuge according to the invention is therefore distinguished from known centrifuges of a similar design by its relatively simple construction and by its significantly lower energy consumption with high separation performance.
  • the arrangement of the pump-like guide elements in the inlet area very advantageously results in a particularly uniform distribution of the solid-liquid mixture in the separation space of the centrifuge, while the arrangement of the turbine-like ones Guiding elements in the discharge area for the lighter substances enable a particularly energy-saving discharge of the lighter substances from the separation area of the centrifuge.
  • a further considerable saving in kinetic energy is also very advantageously achieved in that the turbine or pump-like guide elements or their flow channels are arranged or formed radially or at an oblique angle as well as straight or curved.
  • the solid bowl screw centrifuge consists of a cylindrical solid shell part (1), which is followed by a conical solid shell part (2) tapering in the direction of the discharge of the heavy substances.
  • the cylindrical-conical drum casing (1, 2) is mounted in a housing (3) so that it can rotate.
  • a screw conveyor (4) with a screw drum (4 ') and a screw helix (5) arranged thereon are rotatably mounted coaxially in this cylindrical-conical solid jacket.
  • a feed tube (7) axially leading into the centrifuge drum (1, 2) is also arranged on the right side.
  • the material inlet pipe (7) opens into a distributor chamber (8) arranged on the screw drum (4 '), to which a plurality of pump-like guide elements, which are arranged in the between the The screw drum (4 ') and the centrifuge drum (1, 2) separating space (10) open.
  • Turbine-like guide elements in the form of flow channels (11) are provided on the conveyor screw (4) on the left-hand side Divert liquid (arrow 13) separated from the solid matter (12) radially inwards laterally towards the liquid discharge opening (15 ').
  • discharge openings (15 ') are provided for the light substances, which on the one hand have a smaller radial distance (r1) from the centrifuge drum axis (a) than the largest radial distance (r2) of the outer circumference the worm drum (4 ') from the centrifuge drum axis (a), and which on the other hand have a greater radial distance (r1) from the centrifuge drum axis (a) than the outer circumference (r3) of the centrifuge drum shaft (16'), that is are arranged outside the centrifuge drum shaft.
  • This embodiment of the solid-bowl screw centrifuge according to the invention not only very advantageously enables a completely pressure-free supply of the solid-liquid mixture into the separation space of the centrifuge and the discharge of the separated substances from the centrifuge without special mechanical seals, but it also makes a particularly large proportion of the kinetic Energy that is in the suspension in the centrifuge separation area can be recovered with high separation performance. It is also of not insignificant advantage that the radial distance (r4) of the discharge openings (15) for the heavy substances from the centrifuge drum axis (a) is smaller than the greatest radial distance (r2) of the outer casing of the screw drum (4 ') .
  • the screw conveyor (4) is driven at different speeds in relation to the centrifuge drum consisting of the solid bowl parts (1) and (2) and the solid-liquid mixture to be separated from the centrifuge is fed via the feed pipe (7). supplied from outside without pressure. Under the action of the centrifugal forces, the solids or thick matter is separated from the liquid in the separating space (10) of the centrifuge, the discharge for the heavy substances at the end of the centrifuge drum opposite the discharge for the light substances or the liquid (arrow 13) (1, 2) takes place.
  • the liquid separated from the solid (12) is diverted to the liquid discharge opening (15 ') via the flow channels, which first run parallel to the worm shaft and then radially inwards, and are discharged from the centrifuge drum, while the solids (12) felt by the screw helix (5) and transported inwards via the conical drum shell part (2) and discharged from the centrifuge drum via lateral openings (15).
  • the guide elements (9) designed as flow channels deflect the solid-liquid mixture radially emerging from the feed pipe (7) into an axial flow in the separating space (10) of the centrifuge, the solid discharged from the feed pipe (7) is Liquid mixture formed by the flow channels which also rotate with the screw conveyor (4) Turbine or pump-like guide elements (9) are detected and accelerated by them with a high degree of efficiency and very low frictional losses to the high peripheral speed of the rotating separation space required in the direction of rotation.
  • the predominantly radial direction of flow of the solid-liquid mixture is diverted without loss of energy into the axial direction of flow, where it moves in spiral and / or axially oriented paths over a large radius towards the discharge end of the centrifuge drum and under the influence of the Centrifugal force separates the heavy components (solids) from the lighter components (liquid).
  • the liquid separated from the solid is guided by the turbine or pump-like radial, oblique, straight or curved guide elements (11) practically without loss of energy to the smallest possible radius and passes next to the drive shaft (16) of the screw conveyor (4) through the openings (15 ') from the centrifuge drum without pressure.
  • the solid (12) separated from the liquid is also conveyed to the smallest possible radius by means of the screw conveyor (4) via the conical jacket part (2) and discharged from the centrifuge drum with very little kinetic energy through the side openings (15).
  • the radial distance (r4) of the discharge openings (15) for the heavy substances from the centrifuge drum axis (a) is advantageously less than the largest radial distance (r2) of the outer shell of the screw drum (4 ').
  • additional other transport aids such as, for example, can also be used very advantageously.
  • the pressure effect of the clear phase in connection with a baffle plate and negative pond height can be used.
  • the bearings (17) and (18) of the screw conveyor (4) are very advantageously arranged with a smaller radial distance from the drum axis (a) than the outlet openings (15, 15 ') for the solids (12) and the liquid ( 13), whereby the bearings (17, 18) are safely protected against splashing water and dirt.
  • the solid bowl screw centrifuge according to the invention can, as shown in FIG. 2, possibly also be carried out very advantageously as a direct current centrifuge.
  • guide elements (20, 22) are arranged on the outside of the hollow screw shaft (19), through which the liquid, which is conducted in the separating space (21) in cocurrent and separated from the solid, directs an inward radial deflection via the guide elements (20, 22) formed Flow channels reach the liquid discharge openings (23 ') arranged outside the centrifuge drum shaft and are discharged from there to the outside.
  • turbine or pump-like guide elements (24) according to the invention are very advantageously arranged on the hollow screw shaft (19) in the feed inlet area, which guide elements contain the solid-liquid mixture radially emerging from the feed pipe (25) deflected into an axial flow in the centrifuge separation space (21) without loss of energy.
  • the solid bowl screw centrifuge according to the invention can also be very advantageously designed as a cocurrent and countercurrent centrifuge.
  • the centrifuge drum (26) and screw conveyor (27) are cylindrical, and the solids discharge (28) is very advantageously carried out in the center of the centrifuge drum (26).
  • turbine or pump-like guide elements (31, 32, 33) according to the invention are arranged on the screw conveyor (27), which direct the solid-liquid mixture emerging radially from the feed pipe into a flow in the centrifuge separation chamber, which runs axially parallel to the screw conveyor and deflect the liquid separated from the solid in the discharge area radially inwards laterally towards the liquid discharge opening (34), which are arranged outside the centrifuge drum shaft (35).
  • the arrangement according to the invention of turbine or pump-like guide elements on the screw conveyor achieves the same advantages as in the solid bowl screw centrifuges shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the turbine or pump-like guide elements can very advantageously run radially or at an oblique angle, straight or also curved, in particular also spiral running, arranged or designed so that they act like a pump or turbine impeller during operation of the centrifuge.
  • the cross section of the flow channels formed by the guide elements can, depending on the need and depending on the solid / liquid mixture to be separated in each case, also be very advantageously round or angular in order to thereby ensure operation that is as smooth as possible.
  • the guide elements acting like a pump wheel can be arranged on the centrifuge drum with the same advantages instead of on the screw conveyor. In case of need, it is also very easy to provide separate discharges for more than two substances separated from one another in the centrifuge on the centrifuge drum.
  • the centrifuge according to the invention is not only characterized by its simple and reliable machine construction and the very low product damage or flake and cell destruction, but also due to their insensitivity to coarse substances or individual heavy particles in the feed material.
  • the centrifuge designed according to the invention eliminates both mechanical seals for the screw bearings and hollow shaft gears for the screw drive, as a result of which a particularly strong reduction in investment and operating costs is achieved.
  • the noise level, ie the noise level of the centrifuge according to the invention is also considerably lower compared to known centrifuges and the throughput and separation performance are significantly higher.

Landscapes

  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Centrifugeuse décanteuse à bol plein pour séparer en continu un mélange solide/liquide, consistant en un tambour de centrifugeuse allongé qui est monté de façon à pouvoir tourner autour de son axe longitudinal et qui entoure une vis sans fin de transport disposée coaxialement et tournant à une vitesse de rotation différente, dont les hélices sont fixées sur un tambour de vis sans fin, des dispositifs étant prévus pour amener un produit à séparer dans le tambour le long de son axe, ainsi que des orifices pour l'évacuation des matières légères et lourdes séparées, centrifugeuse décanteuse à bol plein caractérisée en ce que plusieurs éléments de conduite (9, 11, 20, 22, 24, 31, 32) constitués sous forme de canaux d'écoulement à la manière d'une turbine ou d'une pompe, sont répartis régulièrement sur le pourtour extérieur sur la vis sans fin de transport (4, 19, 27), alors que :
    a) les éléments de conduite (9, 24, 31) servent à dévier le mélange solide-liquide sortant radialement du tuyau d'amenée du produit (7, 25, 29) sans pression dans un écoulement axial,
    b) les éléments de conduite (11, 20, 22, 33) servent au transport du liquide séparé des matières solides (phase légère) parallèlement à la vis sans fin de transport (4, 19, 27) en direction de l'orifice d'évacuation (15', 23', 34) pour la phase légère et
    c) les éléments de conduite (11, 20, 32) servent a dévier la phase légère radialement vers l'intérieur en direction de l'orifice d'évacuation de la phase légère (15', 23', 34) et
    d) les canaux d'écoulement formés par les éléments de conduite selon a), b) et c) sont en liaison les uns avec les autres,
    et caractérisée par des orifices d'évacuation (15', 23', 34) pour la phase légère, qui sont disposés en dehors de l'arbre du tambour de la centrifugeuse (16', 35, 36) sur une paroi frontale de la centrifugeuse et présentent une distance radiale plus petite par rapport à l'axe de la centrifugeuse a, que la plus grande distance radiale de l'enveloppe extérieure du tambour de vis sans fin par rapport à l'axe de la centrifugeuse a.
  2. Centrifugeuse décanteuse à bol plein selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les éléments de conduite (9, 11, 20, 22, 24, 31, 32) constitués à la manière d'une turbine ou d'une pompe, sont disposés ou formés radialement ou sous des angles obliques, ainsi que de façon radiale ou courbée.
  3. Centrifugeuse décanteuse à bol plein selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que l'évacuation des matières lourdes est prévue sur l'extrémité opposée à l'évacuation des matières légères, ou dans le milieu du tambour de la centrifugeuse (1, 2, 26).
  4. Centrifugeuse décanteuse à bol plein selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'on prévoit des évacuations séparées pour plus de deux matières séparées les unes des autres dans la centrifugeuse.
EP90116037A 1989-10-17 1990-08-22 Centrifugeuse décanteuse à bol plein Expired - Lifetime EP0423461B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3934612 1989-10-17
DE3934612 1989-10-17
DE4005755A DE4005755A1 (de) 1989-10-17 1990-02-23 Vollmantel-schneckenzentrifuge
DE4005755 1990-02-23

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0423461A2 EP0423461A2 (fr) 1991-04-24
EP0423461A3 EP0423461A3 (en) 1991-07-24
EP0423461B1 true EP0423461B1 (fr) 1994-07-20

Family

ID=25886188

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90116037A Expired - Lifetime EP0423461B1 (fr) 1989-10-17 1990-08-22 Centrifugeuse décanteuse à bol plein

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5545119A (fr)
EP (1) EP0423461B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4005755A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0423461T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4231063A1 (de) * 1992-09-17 1994-03-24 Westfalia Separator Ag Vollmantel-Schneckenzentrifuge zum Klären oder Trennen eines Flüssigkeits-Feststoffgemisches
GB9611209D0 (en) * 1996-05-29 1996-07-31 Ecc Int Ltd Decanter centrifuge
US6290636B1 (en) * 2000-04-28 2001-09-18 Georg Hiller, Jr. Helix centrifuge with removable heavy phase discharge nozzles
US6790169B2 (en) * 2000-08-31 2004-09-14 Varco I/P, Inc. Centrifuge with feed tube adapter
US7018326B2 (en) * 2000-08-31 2006-03-28 Varco I/P, Inc. Centrifuge with impellers and beach feed
US6780147B2 (en) * 2000-08-31 2004-08-24 Varco I/P, Inc. Centrifuge with open conveyor having an accelerating impeller and flow enhancer
US6605029B1 (en) * 2000-08-31 2003-08-12 Tuboscope I/P, Inc. Centrifuge with open conveyor and methods of use
EP2130607B1 (fr) * 2008-06-06 2012-04-11 Mantovani & Vicentini S.r.L. Séparateur par centrifugation
CN103586141B (zh) * 2012-08-15 2016-09-28 钦州鑫能源科技有限公司 离心分离装置
DE102018113135A1 (de) * 2018-06-01 2019-12-05 Bernhard Giersberg Vorrichtung zur Klärschlammentwässerung

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GB364348A (en) * 1931-01-12 1932-01-07 Broadbent & Sons Ltd Thomas Improvements in or relating to centrifugal separators
BE422606A (fr) * 1936-08-13
US2435623A (en) * 1942-03-11 1948-02-10 Separator Nobel Ab Centrifuges for separating from a liquid matters suspended or emulgated therein
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BE638716A (fr) * 1962-10-16
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FR1387605A (fr) * 1963-03-27 1965-01-29 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Centrifugeuse à paroi pleine pour la séparation de mélanges solides-liquide
US3279687A (en) * 1963-05-24 1966-10-18 Bird Machine Co Centrifuge
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DE2057555C3 (de) * 1970-11-23 1975-06-05 Werner 8000 Muenchen Busch Schneckenzentrifuge
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US4334647A (en) * 1980-12-03 1982-06-15 Bird Machine Company, Inc. Centrifuges
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DE3318064A1 (de) * 1983-05-18 1984-11-22 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln Verfahren und vorrichtung zur trennung eines feststoff-fluessigkeitsgemisches
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US4566873A (en) * 1984-03-28 1986-01-28 Kotobuki Engineering & Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Screw decanter type centrifugal concentrating machine
DE3518885A1 (de) * 1985-05-25 1986-11-27 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Vollmantelschneckenzentrifuge mit nachklaervorrichtung
DE3608664A1 (de) * 1986-03-14 1987-09-17 Krauss Maffei Ag Vollmantelzentrifuge
DK154540C (da) * 1986-05-06 1989-04-24 Alfa Laval Separation As Dekantercentrifuge
DE3904151A1 (de) * 1989-02-11 1990-08-16 Heckmann Wolfgang Zentrifuge

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0423461A3 (en) 1991-07-24
US5545119A (en) 1996-08-13
DE4005755A1 (de) 1991-04-18
DK0423461T3 (da) 1994-08-22
DE59006496D1 (de) 1994-08-25
EP0423461A2 (fr) 1991-04-24

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