[go: up one dir, main page]

EP0491079B1 - Tête de brûleur pour la combustion à mélange préalable d'un combustible liquide dans une installation de combustion atmosphérique - Google Patents

Tête de brûleur pour la combustion à mélange préalable d'un combustible liquide dans une installation de combustion atmosphérique Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0491079B1
EP0491079B1 EP90124798A EP90124798A EP0491079B1 EP 0491079 B1 EP0491079 B1 EP 0491079B1 EP 90124798 A EP90124798 A EP 90124798A EP 90124798 A EP90124798 A EP 90124798A EP 0491079 B1 EP0491079 B1 EP 0491079B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion
burner head
zone
premixing
air duct
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90124798A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0491079A1 (fr
Inventor
Hans Peter Knöpfel
Claude Pelet
Hans Peter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
ABB AB
Original Assignee
ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
Asea Brown Boveri AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd, Asea Brown Boveri AB filed Critical ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
Priority to DE59010544T priority Critical patent/DE59010544D1/de
Priority to AT90124798T priority patent/ATE144316T1/de
Priority to EP90124798A priority patent/EP0491079B1/fr
Publication of EP0491079A1 publication Critical patent/EP0491079A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0491079B1 publication Critical patent/EP0491079B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details
    • F23D11/40—Mixing tubes; Burner heads
    • F23D11/402—Mixing chambers downstream of the nozzle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/06041—Staged supply of oxidant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/09002—Specific devices inducing or forcing flue gas recirculation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2209/00—Safety arrangements
    • F23D2209/20—Flame lift-off / stability

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a burner head according to the features of claim 1.
  • a burner of a combustion system in which the fuel supplied is first injected into a directly adjoining zone via a fuel nozzle.
  • a combustion air duct is arranged concentrically with the fuel nozzle and closes with an orifice on the outflow side.
  • a further combustion air duct is arranged, which closes in the region of the level of the fuel nozzle with swirl-generating means which trigger vortices within the adjoining zone.
  • This zone adjoining the fuel nozzle is of conical design and, distributed over its circumference, it has openings through which an air flow originating from a further concentrically arranged channel flows into the interior, and there partiallyITAd the vortices.
  • this mixture-forming zone On the outflow side of this mixture-forming zone there is a burnout tube which has essentially the same flow cross-section as the outlet cross-section of the mixture-forming zone acting upstream. An annular wave-like flow of the hot gases is formed in the burnout tube itself and moves in the axial direction.
  • the invention is based on the object of minimizing the pollutant emissions, in particular the NOx-CO and UHC emissions, in a burner head of the type mentioned.
  • the main advantage of the invention is that the shape of the burner head and the guiding of the combustion air through the burner result in a stabilization of the flame at the end of a premixing zone in the center and / or on the outer edge of the combustion chamber. If necessary, such flame stabilization can be achieved by introducing an interfering body downstream of the premixing zone.
  • a further advantage of the invention can be seen in the fact that the design of the burner head ensures natural, permanent protection of the fuel lance against caloric effects of the exhaust gas recirculated into the combustion chamber for mixing purposes. This is achieved by placing the fuel lance in a flow channel for the fresh air supply.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that at least a portion of the combustion air, which is preferably fresh air, receives a swirl in the region of its admixture with the exhaust gases introduced ( ⁇ fresh air> ⁇ exhaust gases) in the center of the flow.
  • Another important advantage of the invention results from the simple construction of the burner and its adaptability to the desired operation.
  • the only figure shows the design of a burner head.
  • the figure shows a burner head of an atmospheric furnace, which consists of a fuel lance 1 in the central area, which in turn ends in the direction of flow with a fuel nozzle 2.
  • the fuel nozzle 2 which is shown in the figure and is designed for a liquid fuel, acts downstream of an orifice 3, which forms the end of a first channel 4, through which fresh air 5 is brought in.
  • This fuel nozzle 2 is an atomizing nozzle, which preferably works at pressures between 4 and 30 bar.
  • the configuration shown here between the fuel nozzle 2 and the orifice 3 is not the only feasible one, but it can be easily used as the basis for configurations in which the fuel nozzle 2 is at the same height as the orifice 3, or acts upstream of the latter, or by a combination of two or more orifices with air-assisted atomization are characterized. This essentially depends on the criteria according to which the fresh air 5 is supplied in the fresh air duct 4. A second is concentric with this first fresh air duct 4 Channel 6 is provided, through which fresh air 7 is also brought. Both air streams 5, 7 can originate from a single air stream, which is divided at an appropriate distance upstream of the fuel nozzle 3.
  • the first air stream 5 flows unhindered via the orifice 3 into a premixing zone 8 extending downstream of the fuel nozzle 3, the other air stream 7 flows through the second channel 6, which is arranged concentrically to the first channel 4 and is equipped at the end with a number of guide elements 9, that form a swirl body.
  • the swirled air from this swirl body also flows into the premixing zone 8, wherein it mixes beforehand with an exhaust gas stream 10 recirculated by the injector effect.
  • These exhaust gases 10 flow through a tangential channel 11 into the premix zone 8.
  • the combustion air in the premixing zone 8 is concerned, it can be said that in most cases this will consist of pure fresh air; however, as can be seen from the figure, it can also consist of a mixture of fresh air 7 and recirculated exhaust gas 10. Both the fresh air and the recirculated exhaust gas can also be easily enriched with a portion of a gaseous fuel.
  • the inflowing exhaust gas 10 is introduced into the premixing zone 8 by flow aids 12a, 12b, it initially mixing with the fresh air 7 downstream of the guide elements 9.
  • the continuation of the flow aid 12b in the direction of flow merges into a premixing tube 13, which extends to approximately the level of a vortex backflow zone 14, and there forms an extension 16 to a burnout tube 19 concentric with the latter tube 13, relative to the radial extension of the premixing zone 8.
  • This vortex backflow zone 14, the center 14a of which forms a calm zone ensures that flame stabilization occurs at the end of the premixing zone 8.
  • the spray angle from the fuel nozzle 2 is designed such that the premix pipe 13 is not wetted. A first mixing with the fuel from the nozzle 2 takes place first of all through the fresh air 5 from the channel 4.
  • the figure shows a geometrical variant of the burnout tube at the end of the premixing tube 13:
  • the geometrical shape of this burnout tube characterized by a bulge 19a with a larger cross section, corresponds to the natural spatial shape of the swirl ring 17, which affects the flame stabilization in the combustion chamber 15, which is due to the diameter the burnout tubes 19 and 19a is limited, additionally has a positive effect, since this also prevents the vortex backflow zone 14 from migrating, ie flattening outward, into the premixing zone 8.
  • the flow of the media ie the fresh air 5 relative to the fuel nozzle 2 and the other fresh air 7 and the exhaust gases 10 relative to the orifice 3 and.
  • the premixing zone 8 can be held radially, quasi-radially to axially, depending on how the operating conditions are kept in the combustion chamber 15. As far as the rate of the recirculated exhaust gases 10 is concerned, it must be taken into account that a higher recirculation rate brings about an additional reduction in the O 2 concentration in the combustion air, and thus a lower flame temperature in the combustion chamber, so that the NOx emissions can be minimized. If the flame without guide elements 9, that is, without swirl, and without extension 16, that is, without a jump in diameter between premixing tube 13 and burnout tube 19, respectively. 19a, are stabilized, then after the premixing zone 8 there is a disturbing body 20 which can have different geometrical configurations. In principle, a central physical thickening is sufficient for such a disturbing body 20, as is shown in the figure.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Tête de brûleur pour la combustion à prémélange d'un combustible liquide dans une installation de chauffe atmosphérique, dans laquelle la tête de brûleur présente une lance à combustible avec un gicleur à combustible, autour de laquelle est disposé un canal d'air de combustion, qui est fermé à l'aval par au moins un diaphragme, dans laquelle est disposé, autour de ce canal d'air de combustion, au moins un autre canal d'air de combustion qui est pourvu à son extrémité aval d'un certain nombre d'organes d'orientation, et dans laquelle il existe, à l'aval du gicleur à combustible, une chambre de combustion, qui se compose dans la direction d'écoulement d'un tube de prémélange et d'un tube de combustion, dans laquelle le tube de combustion (19, 19a) présente, grâce à un élargissement radial (16) étagé, une section transversale plus grande que le tube de prémélange (13) qui le précède, et le tube de prémélange (13) n'a pas d'écoulement en direction radiale et l'élargissement (16) n'a pas d'écoulement en direction axiale.
  2. Tête de brûleur suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'autre canal d'air de combustion (11) débouche dans la chambre de combustion (15) en amont du tube de prémélange (13).
  3. Tête de brûleur suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le tube de prémélange (13) et le tube de combustion (19, 19a) sont concentriques l'un à l'autre.
  4. Tête de brûleur suivant la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que le tube de prémélange (13) et le tube de combustion (19) sont cylindriques.
  5. Tête de brûleur suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le diaphragme (3) est placé en amont, à hauteur ou en aval du gicleur à combustible (2).
EP90124798A 1990-12-19 1990-12-19 Tête de brûleur pour la combustion à mélange préalable d'un combustible liquide dans une installation de combustion atmosphérique Expired - Lifetime EP0491079B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE59010544T DE59010544D1 (de) 1990-12-19 1990-12-19 Brennerkopf für die vormischartige Verbrennung eines flüssigen Brennstoffes in einer atmosphärischen Feuerungsanlage
AT90124798T ATE144316T1 (de) 1990-12-19 1990-12-19 Brennerkopf für die vormischartige verbrennung eines flüssigen brennstoffes in einer atmosphärischen feuerungsanlage
EP90124798A EP0491079B1 (fr) 1990-12-19 1990-12-19 Tête de brûleur pour la combustion à mélange préalable d'un combustible liquide dans une installation de combustion atmosphérique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP90124798A EP0491079B1 (fr) 1990-12-19 1990-12-19 Tête de brûleur pour la combustion à mélange préalable d'un combustible liquide dans une installation de combustion atmosphérique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0491079A1 EP0491079A1 (fr) 1992-06-24
EP0491079B1 true EP0491079B1 (fr) 1996-10-16

Family

ID=8204866

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90124798A Expired - Lifetime EP0491079B1 (fr) 1990-12-19 1990-12-19 Tête de brûleur pour la combustion à mélange préalable d'un combustible liquide dans une installation de combustion atmosphérique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0491079B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE144316T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59010544D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19606733C1 (de) * 1996-02-23 1997-05-07 Viessmann Werke Kg Verfahren zum Betrieb insbesondere eines Ölvergasungsbrenners und Brenner zu seiner Durchführung
DE19704721B4 (de) * 1997-02-07 2006-08-17 E.C.B. Gmbh Verfahren und Brennkopf zur Verbrennung von flüssigen oder gasförmigen Brennstoffen
DE19814768A1 (de) * 1998-04-02 1999-10-07 Viessmann Werke Kg Blaubrenner
CN1878986B (zh) * 2003-09-05 2010-04-28 德拉文公司 燃气轮机引擎的稳定燃烧装置
JP4955117B1 (ja) 2011-03-15 2012-06-20 新日鉄エンジニアリング株式会社 炉頂燃焼式熱風炉
JP4892107B1 (ja) 2011-03-23 2012-03-07 新日鉄エンジニアリング株式会社 炉頂燃焼式熱風炉

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1501868B2 (de) * 1966-02-21 1973-02-22 Linde, Robert von, Dipl Ing , 8032 Grafelfing Brenner fuer fliessfaehige brennstoffe
BE795261A (fr) * 1972-02-10 1973-05-29 Bailey Frank W Bruleurs canon a retention de flamme bleue et systemes d'echangeur de chaleur
US4431403A (en) * 1981-04-23 1984-02-14 Hauck Manufacturing Company Burner and method
CH674561A5 (fr) * 1987-12-21 1990-06-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59010544D1 (de) 1996-11-21
EP0491079A1 (fr) 1992-06-24
ATE144316T1 (de) 1996-11-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0580683B1 (fr) Bruleur, en particulier pour turbines a gaz, pour la combustion peu polluante du gaz de houille et d'autres combustibles
EP0503319B1 (fr) Brûleur pour une combustion à mélange préalable d'un combustible liquide et/ou gazeux
EP0777081B1 (fr) Brûleur à prémélange
DE4446945B4 (de) Gasbetriebener Vormischbrenner
DE69727367T2 (de) Brenner und damit ausgerüstetes verbrennungsgerät
EP1802915B1 (fr) Bruleur pour turbine a gaz
EP0629817B1 (fr) Foyer
EP0276696A2 (fr) Brûleur hybride pour fonctionnement en prémélange au gaz et/ou au mazout, notamment pour turbines à gaz
EP0902233A1 (fr) Buse de pulvérisation par pression combinée
EP0387532A1 (fr) Chambre de combustion d'une turbine à gaz
EP0778445B1 (fr) Brûleur à prémélange
CH680084A5 (fr)
EP0592717A1 (fr) Brûleur opérant au gaz du type à prémélange
EP0347834B1 (fr) Tête de brûleur pour brûleur à gaz à soufflage
DE102004049491A1 (de) Vormischbrenner
EP0394800B1 (fr) Brûleur à mélange préalable pour la génération de gaz chaud
DE2552374C2 (de) Brenner für flüssigen oder gasförmigen Brennstoff
EP0742411B1 (fr) Alimentation en air pour une chambre de combustion à prémélange
EP0483554B1 (fr) Procédé pour la réduction au minimum des émissions de NOx dans une combustion
EP0276397A1 (fr) Chambre de combustion pour turbine à gaz
EP0491079B1 (fr) Tête de brûleur pour la combustion à mélange préalable d'un combustible liquide dans une installation de combustion atmosphérique
DE19618058B4 (de) Brenner
EP0694730A2 (fr) Bruleur
EP0777082A2 (fr) Brûleur à prémélange
EP0740108A2 (fr) Brûleur

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): AT CH DE FR IT LI NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19921208

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19940211

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT CH DE FR IT LI NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 144316

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19961115

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 59010544

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19961121

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
ET Fr: translation filed
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 19991115

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19991122

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19991123

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 19991124

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19991125

Year of fee payment: 10

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20001219

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20001220

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20001231

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20001231

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010701

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 90124798.1

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010831

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 20010701

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20031205

Year of fee payment: 14

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050701

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20051219