[go: up one dir, main page]

EP0483705B1 - Structure pour un noyau catalytique chauffable électriquement - Google Patents

Structure pour un noyau catalytique chauffable électriquement Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0483705B1
EP0483705B1 EP91118293A EP91118293A EP0483705B1 EP 0483705 B1 EP0483705 B1 EP 0483705B1 EP 91118293 A EP91118293 A EP 91118293A EP 91118293 A EP91118293 A EP 91118293A EP 0483705 B1 EP0483705 B1 EP 0483705B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
core
thin metal
strips
electrically heatable
corrugated thin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91118293A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0483705A1 (fr
Inventor
William Whittenberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WR Grace and Co Conn
WR Grace and Co
Original Assignee
WR Grace and Co Conn
WR Grace and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by WR Grace and Co Conn, WR Grace and Co filed Critical WR Grace and Co Conn
Publication of EP0483705A1 publication Critical patent/EP0483705A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0483705B1 publication Critical patent/EP0483705B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
    • F01N3/2807—Metal other than sintered metal
    • F01N3/281—Metallic honeycomb monoliths made of stacked or rolled sheets, foils or plates
    • F01N3/2814—Metallic honeycomb monoliths made of stacked or rolled sheets, foils or plates all sheets, plates or foils being corrugated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
    • F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
    • F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F01N3/2026—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means directly electrifying the catalyst substrate, i.e. heating the electrically conductive catalyst substrate by joule effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/02—Metallic plates or honeycombs, e.g. superposed or rolled-up corrugated or otherwise deformed sheet metal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improved structure for an electrically heatable catalytic core and, more particularly, to an electrically heatable catalytic core which resists telescoping in the course of a severe testing regime as described below.
  • catalytic converter The purpose of a catalytic converter is to convert pollutant materials in engine or turbine exhaust, e.g., carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides etc., to carbon dioxide, nitrogen and water.
  • Conventional catalytic converters utilize a ceramic honeycomb monolith having square or circular straight-through openings or cells with catalyst deposited in the cells, catalyst coated refractory metal oxide beads, e.g., alumina beads, or a corrugated thin metal foil monolith, e.g., ferritic stainless steel foil, having catalyst carried on or supported by the surface.
  • the catalyst is normally a noble metal, e.g., platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, or a mixture of two or more of such metals.
  • the catalyst catalyzes a chemical reaction, mainly oxidation, whereby the pollutant is converted to a harmless by-product which then passes through the exhaust system to the atmosphere.
  • conversion is not efficient initially when the exhaust gases are relatively cold.
  • the catalyst and the surface of the converter with which the exhaust gases come in contact must be at a minimum temperature, e.g., 199°C (390 F) for carbon monoxide, 299°C (570 F) for volatile organic compounds (VOC) and 538°C (1000 F) for methane or natural gas. Otherwise, conversion to harmless by-products is poor and cold start pollution of the atmosphere is high.
  • the catalytic converter is optimally effective. Hence, it is necessary to contact relatively cold exhaust gases with hot catalyst to effect satisfactory conversion at engine start-up. Both compression ignited (diesel) and spark ignited engines have this need.
  • an electrically heatable catalytic converter formed of a corrugated thin metal foil monolith which is connected to a voltage source, e.g., a 12 volt or 24 volt automotive battery, and power supplied, preferably before and during start-up, to elevate and maintain the temperature of the catalyst to at least about 343°C (650 F).
  • a voltage source e.g., a 12 volt or 24 volt automotive battery
  • US-A-4 928 485 discloses an electrially heatable core for an electrically heatable catalytic converter, comprising a central electrically conductive core.
  • a monolith wound about the central core includes a plurality of thin metal strips of substantially equal length which are secured to the central electrically conductive core.
  • the thin metal strips are corrugated and non-nesting.
  • a steel retaining shell surrounds the spirally wound monolith.
  • One terminal is connected to the steel retaining shell, the other to the central electrically conductive core.
  • DE-U-88 12 924 describes a catalytic converter core in which a corrugated band and two adjacent smooth bands are spirally wound in order to form the structure. It is proposed to provide some fixing areas between adjacent faces of the smooth bands, which otherwise are not connected to each other to allow for thermal expansion.
  • One possibility for achieving the fixation is to provide a brazing foil at certain distances during the coiling procedure and heat the assembly afterwards in order to fuse the brazing foils. This reference, however, does not give further details on the application of the brazing foil.
  • EP-A-0 456 919 discloses one form of electrically heatable catalytic converter normally subject to telescoping of the core, and provides one means for offsetting the tendency to telescoping of the core in operation and ultimate destruction thereof.
  • the present invention provides a different means for offsetting the tendency to telescoping. Because much of the disclosure of EP-A-0 456 919 is relevant to the present application, the disclosure of EP-A-0 456 919 is incorporated herein by reference thereto.
  • the present invention utilizes inter-leaf brazing whereby the leaves are held against telescoping or axial displacement.
  • the electrically heatable catalytic cores are normally spirally wound, or S-wound, corrugated thin metal foil as described in the aforesaid EP-A-0 456 919 with the exception that the corugated thin metal foil strips are not initially washcoated with a refractory metal oxide coating, e.g., an alumina coating, and a catalyst. This treatment comes later according to the present invention.
  • the corrugated thin metal cores are subjected to a severe test which they must pass in order to be acceptable.
  • This test involves oscillating (100-200 Hertz and 28 to 60 G) the device in a vertical attitude at high temperature (between 700 and 950 C; 1292 F and 1742 F, respectively) with exhaust gas from a running internal combustion engine being passed through the device. If the wound core device telescopes in the direction of gas flow or breaks up after a predetermined time, e.g., 5 to 200 hours, the device is said to fail the test. Usually, the test device will fail in 5 hours if it is going to fail.
  • ferritic stainless steel A suitable formulation for this alloy is described in U.S. Patent 4.414,023 dated 8 November 1983 to Aggens et al.
  • a specific ferritic stainless steel useful herein contained 20% chromium, 5% aluminum, and from 0.002% to 0.05% of at least one rare earth metal selected from cerium, lanthanum, neodymium, yttrium and praseodymium, or a mixture of two or more thereof, balance iron and steel making impurities.
  • the object of the invention i.e. to provide a device which will pass the aforementioned telescoping test, is achieved by an electrically heatable core for an electrically heatable catalytic converter having the features of Claim 1 and by an electrically heatable catalytic converter having the features of Claim 11.
  • the present invention is an improved structure for an electrically heatable catalytic converter.
  • the structure is characterized by corrugated thin metal leaves or strips extending from an electrically conducting central core in alternating relation with thin narrow brazing metal strips.
  • the thin narrow brazing metal strips are staggered from side to side of the corrugated thin metal strips or leaves, lying adjacent first one marginal edge of a corrugated thin metal strip, and then adjacent the opposite marginal edge of the next succeeding corrugated thin metal strip.
  • the assembly of corrugated thin metal strips and the thin narrow brazing strips is then spirally wound, or S-wound, into a tight core, and a retaining shell placed around the tightly wound core with an intervening wrapping of brazing metal and the whole unit heated to a temperature sufficient to fuse the brazing metal.
  • the interleafed brazing strips are fused, and the assembly becomes a rigid unit.
  • the the entire unit is dipped into a washcoat of a refractory metal oxide dispersed in water, and the coating baked to tightly adhere the metal oxide, usually gamma alumina, with or without a small amount of ceria, to the metal surface.
  • a noble metal catalyst is deposited on the metal oxide surface from an aqueous solution of the noble metal.
  • the temperature is then raised to decompose the noble metal containing compound and deposit the catalyst on the surface.
  • the catalyst may be dissolved in the aqueous medium of the washcoat before dipping.
  • a voltage source usually a 12 or 24 volt automotive battery, is connected across the central conductive bar and the outer retaining shell to provide power to heat the monolith to a minimum of about 343°C (650 F) in about 10 to about 30 seconds.
  • Power in the range of 1500 to 12000 watts may be supplied through a MOSFET power supply system such as described in EP-A-0 456 919.
  • the resulting catalytically active electrically heatable unit now will resist telescoping during the severe test outlined above. Moreover, the current, instead of flowing through the brazing locations from one leaf to the next, will flow mainly along the length of the corrugated thin metal strip as it provides the shortest path from negative to positive.
  • the present invention is in a structure for an electrically heatable catalytic core and a converter containing the same. This core is able to withstand the severe test described above without telescoping.
  • FIG. 1 there is here shown in cross-section an electrically heatable catalytic core, generally indicated at 10.
  • the core 10 is composed of a series of corrugated thin metal strips 12 secured to a central post 14 by any suitable means.
  • the preferred means is spot welding.
  • the central post 14 may be made up of a group of individual wires or rods with a thin herringbone corrugated metal strip overfolded over each wire. The individual wires with strips welded thereto are gathered together in a bundle and welded at the ends to form the central post 14.
  • the strips are reverse folded in the middle thereof to form two portions of equal length, and tack welded along the fold line to a stainless steel or nickel center post 14.
  • Folding the herringbone or chevron pattern corrugated thin metal strips prevents the corrugations of one portion from nesting within the corrugations of the adjacent portion.
  • the corrugated thin metal strips are from about 38.1 mm (1.5") to about 88.9 mm (3.5") wide and corrugated by passing between rolls having the corrugation pattern formed therein. Reference may be had to U.S. Patent 4,711,009, supra, for details of the mode of forming corrugated thin metal strips useful herein.
  • the corrugated thin metal strips are desirably stainless steel, and preferably a ferritic stainless steel about 0.0381 to 0.0635 mm (0.0015 to 0.0025 inch) thick, e.g., 0.0406 mm (0.0016") thick.
  • a particularly useful ferritic stainless steel contains 20% chromium, 5% aluminum, .002% to .05% of at least one rare earth metal selected from cerium, lanthanum, neodymium, yttrium and praseodymium, or a mixture thereof, and the balance iron plus steel making impurities.
  • the thin stainless steel strip is corrugated continuously, preferably in a herringbone pattern, or a chevron pattern, and later cut to the desired length.
  • the corrugations have an amplitude of from about 0.508 mm (0.02") to about 6.35 mm (0.25") and a pitch or wavelength of from about 0.762 mm (0.03") to about 6.35 mm (0.25").
  • the chevron or herringbone corrugations desirably have a slope of from 7 degrees to 10 degrees to a line perpendicular to the marginal edges of the thin metal strip, and a pitch of from about 19.05 mm (0.75") to about 38.1 mm (1.5”) from apex to apex.
  • brazing strips 16 which are 9.525 mm (0.375") to 25.4 mm (1") wide, are alternately (Figs. 2 and 3) and positioned in staggered relation (Fig. 3). Thereafter, the central post 14 is twisted and the corrugated foil and brazing foil strips spirally wound into a tight cylinder as shown in Fig. 1.
  • a layer of brazing foil 22 is desirably interposed between the core 20 and the binding tube 18. This brazing foil layer has an axial length equal to the axial length of the corrugated thin metal strips 12.
  • the tube 18 may conveniently be formed of two half shells to be welded together on assembly.
  • the brazing foil is rolled to about 0.0254 mm (0.001") to about 0.0762 mm (0.003") thick. It is desirably a nickel/chromium/boron/silicon brazing alloy analyzing 75% to 83% nickel with a liquidus temperature of 1149 to 1260°C (2100 to 2300 F). Where platinum is to be used as the catalyst metal, phosphorus is avoided in the alloy. Other nickel-containing brazing alloys containing from 7% to 14% chromium, 3% to 4.5% iron, 3.5% to 4.5% silicon, 2% to 3% boron, balance nickel and having liquidus temperatures of above about 1149°C (2100 F) may also be used.
  • Fig. 1 and 1a After the core of Fig. 1 and 1a is fully assembled, it is heated to a temperature sufficient to fuse the brazing strips 16 and 22 to the contiguous members. This has the effect of preventing telescoping of the core in the direction of gas flow during a severe high frequency and high temperature test.
  • the entire unit is dipped into a slurry of a refractory metal oxide, e.g., an alumina slurry.
  • a refractory metal oxide e.g., an alumina slurry.
  • the unit (Fig. 4) after wiping off the outer shell is then baked at a temperature sufficient to remove the liquid base (water, principally) from the coating and set to coating on the surface, e.g. about 538°C (1000 F).
  • the unit (Fig. 4) is then dipped into an aqueous solution of a noble metal catalyst material.
  • the porous nature of the gamma alumina coating traps and absorbs the aqueous catalyst-containing solution. Heating of the catalyst treated core to the decomposition temperature of the catalyst-containing compound yields the catalyst metal on the substrate.
  • the noble metals useful as catalysts are palladium, platinum, rhodium, ruthenium and mixtures of two or more of such metals. Reference may be had to U.S. Patent 4,711,009 for details of catalytic solutions useful in applying the catalyst to the refractory metal oxide washcoated surface.
  • a terminal post 26 is secured to the outside of the outer shell 18 as by welding.
  • One of the poles of a voltage source e.g., the positive pole of an automotive vehicle battery, is later secured to the terminal post 26 by a suitable cable.
  • the opposite pole of the voltage source e.g., the negative pole of an automotive vehicle battery is later attached to the central post 14 by a suitable cable.
  • FIG. 4 When the assembly as shown in Fig. 4 is completed, it is placed in a suitable housing such as shown in Fig.5.
  • Fig. 5 show a completed electrically heatable catalytic converter, generally indicated at 50.
  • a steel, preferably stainless steel, housing 52 having adapter end caps 54 and 56 having nipples 58 and 60 which reduce the diameter to the diameter of the exhaust pipe, not shown.
  • the unit 10 (See Figs. 1-4) is disposed within the housing 52 which is conveniently formed of half shells welded together at the seam, and the end caps 54 and 56 later welded on.
  • a flexible ceramic insulation mat 62 is interposed between the housing 52 and the steel binder shell 18.
  • An aperture 64 is provided in the mat 62 to accommodate the positive terminal post 26 and suitable insulation means are provided for traversing the housing 52.
  • An aperture 66 is provided through the housing 52 into which is threadedly engaged a bushing 76 which holds an insulating sleeve 74 which in turn surrounds the post 26.
  • a metal cap 78 provides a seat for a positive cable clamp, not shown. Curent flows to the central post 14 through a transverse bar 80 welded as at 82 to the central post 14 at its midpoint and to the end cap 54 at its extremities.
  • one end of the transverse bar 80 may be extended through end cap 54 and threaded to accept a cable connector from the battery.
  • the flow of power to the electrically heatable unit 10 is effected by suitable switching means 44.
  • suitable switching means 44 Reference may be had to EP-A-0 456 919 for the details of a suitable switching means.
  • thermocouple 55 extending through the housing 52 with a metal bushing 59.
  • the leads terminate in a junction 61 which is embedded in the core 10.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Noyau (10) chauffable électriquement pour un convertisseur catalytique (50) chauffable électriquement comprenant (a) un noyau central (14) électroconducteur, (b) un monolithe (20) enroulé en spirale autour dudit noyau central (14) et ayant une pluralité de bandes de métal (12) minces ondulées, de longueur substantiellement égale, fixées au noyau central (14) électroconducteur mentionné et (c) une enveloppe de retenue (18) en acier qui entoure ledit monolithe (20) enroulé en spirale, ledit monolithe (20) étant caractérisé par une pluralité de bandes de brasage (16) étroites fondues ayant une largeur d'environ 1/4 à environ 1/10 de la largeur des bandes de métal (12) minces ondulées citées et une longueur substantiellement égale à la longueur des bandes de métal (12) minces ondulées mentionnées, lesdites bandes de brasage (16) étant alternées avec les bandes de métal (12) minces ondulées mentionnées et en quinconce par rapport à un plan situé centralement, perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal du noyau central (14) mentionné, les bandes de brasage (16) mentionnées étant fondues aux bandes de métal (12) minces ondulées adjacentes.
  2. Noyau chauffable électriquement selon la revendication 1 ayant une pince de bout (26) électroconductrice qui s'étend radialement à partir de ladite enveloppe de retenue (18) en acier.
  3. Noyau chauffable électriquement selon la revendication 1 ayant une pince de bout (80) électroconductrice fixée au noyau électroconducteur (14) mentionné.
  4. Noyau chauffable électriquement selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les bandes de métal (12) minces ondulées sont fixées au noyau central (14) à leurs points centraux.
  5. Noyau chauffable électriquement selon la revendication 4, dans lequel les bandes de métal (12) minces ondulées sont soudées par points au noyau central (14).
  6. Noyau chauffable électriquement selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les bandes de métal (12) minces ondulées sont en acier inoxydable.
  7. Noyau chauffable électriquement selon la revendication 6, dans lequel l'acier inoxydable est un acier inoxydable ferritique.
  8. Noyau chauffable électriquement selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les bandes de métal (12) minces ondulées ont un revêtement d'oxyde de métal réfractaire sur au moins une surface de celles-ci.
  9. Noyau chauffable électriquement selon la revendication 1, dans lequel une couche fondue de mince métal de brasage est placée entre le monolithe (20) enroulé en spirale et l'enveloppe de retenue (18).
  10. Noyau chauffable électriquement selon la revendication 8, dans lequel un catalyseur en métal noble est soutenu sur la surface en oxyde de métal réfractaire des bandes de métal (12) minces ondulées.
  11. Convertisseur catalytique chauffable électriquement comprenant (a) un bâti (52), (b) un bouchon (54, 56) à chaque extrémité du bâti mentionné (52) comprenant un manchon fileté (58, 60) adapté pour adapter un conduit d'évacuation, (c) un noyau (10) chauffable électriquement selon la revendication 1 comprenant (I) un noyau central électroconduteur, (II) un monolithe (20) enroulé en spirale autour du noyau central (14) mentionné comprenant (1) une pluralité de bandes de métal (12) minces ondulées, de longueur substantiellement égale, fixées au noyau central (14) électroconducteur mentionné, et (2) une pluralité de bandes de brasage (16) minces, étroites, fondues ayant une largeur d'environ 1/4 à environ 1/10 de la largeur des bandes de métal (12) minces ondulées mentionnées et une longueur substantiellement égale à la longueur des bandes de métal (12) minces ondulées mentionnées, les bandes de brasage (16) mentionnées étant alternées avec les bandes de métal (12) minces ondulées et en quinconce par rapport à un plan situé centralement, perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal du noyau central (14) mentionné, les bandes de brasage (16) mentionnées étant fondues aux bandes de métal (12) minces ondulées adjacentes, (3) un revêtement en oxyde de métal réfractaire sur au moins une surface des bandes de métal (12) minces ondulées mentionnées, (4) un catalyseur en métal noble soutenu sur ledit revêtement en oxyde de métal réfractaire, et (III) une enveloppe de retenue (18) en acier qui entoure ledit monolithe (20) enroulé en spirale ; (d) des moyens pour isoler électriquement ledit noyau (10) chauffable électriquement dudit bâti (52) et (e) des moyens pour fournir la puissance électrique d'une source de tension au noyau chauffable électriquement (10) mentionné.
EP91118293A 1990-10-31 1991-10-26 Structure pour un noyau catalytique chauffable électriquement Expired - Lifetime EP0483705B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/606,130 US5070694A (en) 1990-10-31 1990-10-31 Structure for electrically heatable catalytic core
US606130 1996-02-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0483705A1 EP0483705A1 (fr) 1992-05-06
EP0483705B1 true EP0483705B1 (fr) 1995-12-27

Family

ID=24426674

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91118293A Expired - Lifetime EP0483705B1 (fr) 1990-10-31 1991-10-26 Structure pour un noyau catalytique chauffable électriquement

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5070694A (fr)
EP (1) EP0483705B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH04284852A (fr)
AT (1) ATE132230T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2050733A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69115848T2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (77)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04136412A (ja) * 1990-09-28 1992-05-11 Nissan Motor Co Ltd ハニカム触媒コンバータの加熱装置
US5427601A (en) * 1990-11-29 1995-06-27 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Sintered metal bodies and manufacturing method therefor
JP2990797B2 (ja) * 1990-11-30 1999-12-13 株式会社デンソー ハニカムヒータ
US5174968A (en) * 1990-12-12 1992-12-29 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Structure for electrically heatable catalytic core
DE4111712A1 (de) * 1991-04-10 1992-10-22 Emitec Emissionstechnologie Elektrisch leitfaehiger wabenkoerper
US5170624A (en) * 1991-04-05 1992-12-15 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Composite catalytic converter
DE4112354A1 (de) * 1991-04-16 1992-10-22 Behr Gmbh & Co Vorrichtung zum katalytischen entgiften von abgasen
US5204067A (en) * 1991-07-11 1993-04-20 Schwaebische Huettenwerke Gmbh Filter
DE4129894A1 (de) * 1991-09-09 1993-03-11 Emitec Emissionstechnologie Elektrische isolierung von strukturen in einem wabenkoerper, insbesondere einem elektrisch beheizbaren katalysator-traegerkoerper
US5238650A (en) * 1991-09-13 1993-08-24 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Electrode feed through
JP3000750B2 (ja) * 1991-09-20 2000-01-17 株式会社デンソー 自己発熱型フィルタ
US5271906A (en) * 1991-10-28 1993-12-21 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Exhaust emission control apparatus using catalytic converter with hydrocarbon absorbent
US5140812A (en) * 1991-11-05 1992-08-25 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Core for an electrically heatable catalytic converter
DE4137105A1 (de) * 1991-11-12 1993-05-13 Schwaebische Huettenwerke Gmbh Anordnung eines katalysators fuer die abgase eines verbrennungsmotors
JP3278184B2 (ja) 1991-12-20 2002-04-30 トヨタ自動車株式会社 通電加熱式触媒装置
US5554342A (en) * 1991-12-20 1996-09-10 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Electrical heating type catalytic device
US5232671A (en) * 1992-01-27 1993-08-03 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Core for a catalytic converter
FR2687431B1 (fr) * 1992-02-14 1995-07-13 Inst Francais Du Petrole Tubulure d'echappement a paroi catalytique pour moteurs a combustion interne.
CA2083742A1 (fr) * 1992-02-19 1993-08-20 David T. Sheller Element central pour convertisseur catalytique
FR2688540B1 (fr) * 1992-03-10 1995-07-21 Inst Francais Du Petrole Ligne d'echappement avec catalyseur pour moteurs a combustion interne a deux temps et procede de traitement de gaz d'echappement comportant une telle ligne.
DE69301547T2 (de) * 1992-04-20 1996-09-19 Nippon Steel Corp Elektrisch heizbarer katalytischer Umwandler
US5246672A (en) * 1992-04-23 1993-09-21 Williams International Corporation Spiral wound microlith catalyst bed
US5252299A (en) * 1992-05-28 1993-10-12 Retallick William B Catalytic air cleaner
US5288470A (en) * 1992-10-02 1994-02-22 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Metal substrate having an insulating barrier
US5582805A (en) * 1992-12-21 1996-12-10 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Electrically heated catalytic apparatus
US5866230A (en) * 1993-01-11 1999-02-02 Emitec Gesellschaft Fuer Emissionstechnologie Gmbh Extruded honeycomb body of ceramic and/or metallic material with increased flexibility
US5546746A (en) * 1993-02-04 1996-08-20 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Core element useful in a combined electrically heatable and light-off converter
EP0653264B1 (fr) * 1993-05-12 1998-12-16 Nippon Steel Corporation Procede de soudage d'alliage thermoresistant a surface recouverte d'une couche mince d'oxyde isolant, support metallique d'epuration de gaz d'echappement de type prechauffe et son procede de production
US5422083A (en) * 1993-06-29 1995-06-06 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Reinforced converter body
US5487869A (en) * 1993-09-24 1996-01-30 Retallick; William B. Air cleaner capable of catalytic regeneration
JP3277655B2 (ja) * 1993-12-21 2002-04-22 トヨタ自動車株式会社 電気加熱式触媒装置
JPH07238825A (ja) * 1994-02-25 1995-09-12 Toyota Motor Corp 電気ヒータ付触媒装置
US5891402A (en) * 1994-03-02 1999-04-06 W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. Catalyst retaining apparatus and use in an ozone filter
US5431886A (en) * 1994-04-08 1995-07-11 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Combined electrically heatable converter
US5573731A (en) * 1994-05-30 1996-11-12 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Electrically heated catalytic converter for an engine
JP3305505B2 (ja) * 1994-07-29 2002-07-22 日本碍子株式会社 電極構造
JPH0871430A (ja) * 1994-09-07 1996-03-19 Nippon Soken Inc 通電加熱式触媒装置
US5632961A (en) * 1995-01-10 1997-05-27 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Reinforcing web for a multicellular converter
JPH08218846A (ja) * 1995-02-17 1996-08-27 Nippon Soken Inc 内燃機関の排気浄化装置用電気ヒータ
US5786031A (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-07-28 Engelhard Corporation Barrier for a metal substrate
US5820835A (en) * 1995-07-12 1998-10-13 Engelhard Corporation Assembly and method for making catalytic converter structure
US5846495A (en) * 1995-07-12 1998-12-08 Engelhard Corporation Structure for converter body
WO1997002884A1 (fr) * 1995-07-12 1997-01-30 Engelhard Corporation Structure pour corps de convertisseur
DE19640577C2 (de) * 1995-10-02 1999-06-17 Toyota Motor Co Ltd Elektrisch beheizter Katalysator für einen Motor
WO1997023325A1 (fr) * 1995-12-22 1997-07-03 W.R. Grace & Co. Assemblage et procede pour fabriquer des structures de pot catalytique
US6216687B1 (en) 1996-03-22 2001-04-17 The Majestic Products Company Unvented heating appliance having system for reducing undesirable combustion products
US6060173A (en) * 1996-04-17 2000-05-09 Englehard Corporation Metal honeycomb body
US6109018A (en) * 1996-07-26 2000-08-29 Catalytica, Inc. Electrically-heated combustion catalyst structure and method for start-up of a gas turbine using same
DE60118497T2 (de) * 2000-11-28 2006-11-02 Haldor Topsoe A/S Reaktor zur Durchführung von nicht-adiabatischen Reaktionen
US7320778B2 (en) * 2004-07-21 2008-01-22 Catacel Corp. High-performance catalyst support
US20060177358A1 (en) * 2005-02-07 2006-08-10 Tzong-Yih Lee Active catalytic converter
EP2549073B1 (fr) * 2010-03-17 2014-11-19 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Dispositif de commande de véhicule
EP2554815B1 (fr) * 2010-03-29 2016-01-06 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Dispositif convertisseur catalytique
EP2557289B1 (fr) * 2010-04-06 2015-07-22 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Convertisseur catalytique electriquement chauffe
CN103025408A (zh) * 2010-07-30 2013-04-03 丰田自动车株式会社 电加热式催化装置
CN103038470B (zh) 2010-08-24 2016-07-06 丰田自动车株式会社 电加热式催化剂
US9121322B2 (en) * 2010-08-31 2015-09-01 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Electrically heated catalyst
US8911674B2 (en) * 2010-09-10 2014-12-16 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Electrically heated catalyst
EP2614878B1 (fr) 2010-09-10 2016-03-16 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Catalyseur électriquement chauffé
CN102596409B (zh) * 2010-10-27 2014-05-14 丰田自动车株式会社 电加热式催化器
WO2012093481A1 (fr) 2011-01-06 2012-07-12 イビデン株式会社 Appareil de traitement de gaz d'échappement
JP5626371B2 (ja) * 2011-02-08 2014-11-19 トヨタ自動車株式会社 電気加熱式触媒
CN103328076B (zh) * 2011-02-14 2015-07-01 丰田自动车株式会社 电加热式催化剂
US20130312394A1 (en) * 2011-02-16 2013-11-28 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Electric heating catalyst
US8763379B2 (en) * 2011-03-09 2014-07-01 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Electrically heated catalyst
DE102011110664A1 (de) * 2011-08-19 2013-02-21 Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Abgasen
WO2013035156A1 (fr) * 2011-09-06 2013-03-14 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Catalyseur à réchauffeur électrique
WO2013057792A1 (fr) * 2011-10-18 2013-04-25 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Catalyseur chauffé électriquement
JP6408865B2 (ja) * 2014-10-28 2018-10-17 イビデン株式会社 電気加熱式触媒コンバータ
US10995998B2 (en) * 2015-07-30 2021-05-04 Senior Uk Limited Finned coaxial cooler
US10458305B2 (en) * 2015-10-06 2019-10-29 Nippon Steel Chemical & Material Co., Ltd. Metal substrate for catalytic converter and catalyst carrier
KR102384045B1 (ko) * 2016-05-23 2022-04-07 존슨 맛쎄이 퍼블릭 리미티드 컴파니 팽창 가능 중심 배열체
FR3079264B1 (fr) * 2018-03-20 2020-03-13 Faurecia Systemes D'echappement Organe de purification de gaz d'echappement chauffant et dispositif de purification comprenant un tel organe de purification
DE102019110359A1 (de) * 2019-04-18 2020-10-22 Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Germany Gmbh Abgasbehandlungseinrichtung und Fahrzeug
CN110206622B (zh) * 2019-06-04 2021-07-27 亿达天地环保技术股份有限公司 双层套管结构电加热废气处理装置
DE102021211213B3 (de) * 2021-10-05 2023-01-26 Vitesco Technologies GmbH Elektrisch beheizbarer Wabenkörper mit Welllagen unterschiedlicher Zelldichte
US20240401846A1 (en) * 2023-05-31 2024-12-05 Proof Energy Inc. Catalytic heating systems with self-heated catalytic reactors and methods of operating thereof

Family Cites Families (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE563757C (fr) * 1929-08-12
FR2113249A5 (fr) * 1970-11-03 1972-06-23 Getters Spa
US3795524A (en) * 1971-03-01 1974-03-05 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Aluminum borate and aluminum borosilicate articles
US3768982A (en) * 1971-06-22 1973-10-30 Ford Motor Co Catalytic converter with electrically preheated catalyst
US3770389A (en) * 1971-11-11 1973-11-06 Ford Motor Co Catalytic converter with electrically resistive catalyst support
CA1102706A (fr) * 1977-05-06 1981-06-09 Rainer Scholz Catalyseur homogene en metal pour eliminer les composants toxiques en presence dans les gaz d'echappement des moteurs a combustion interne
DE2924592C2 (de) * 1979-06-19 1983-05-26 Süddeutsche Kühlerfabrik Julius Fr. Behr GmbH & Co KG, 7000 Stuttgart Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Trägermatrix für einen katalytischen Reaktor zur Abgasreinigung bei Brennkraftmaschinen von Kraftfahrzeugen
US4414023A (en) * 1982-04-12 1983-11-08 Allegheny Ludlum Steel Corporation Iron-chromium-aluminum alloy and article and method therefor
US4598063A (en) * 1985-08-09 1986-07-01 Retallick William B Spiral catalyst support and method of making it
US4711009A (en) * 1986-02-18 1987-12-08 W. R. Grace & Co. Process for making metal substrate catalytic converter cores
ATE45780T1 (de) * 1986-05-12 1989-09-15 Interatom Metallischer katalysator-traegerkoerper mit evolventenfoermig verlaufenden schichten.
DE3634235C1 (de) * 1986-10-08 1988-03-31 Sueddeutsche Kuehler Behr Matrix fuer einen katalytischen Reaktor zur Abgasreinigung
DE3743723C1 (de) * 1987-12-23 1989-04-20 Sueddeutsche Kuehler Behr Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Traegerkoerpers fuer einen katalytischen Reaktor
US4976929A (en) * 1988-05-20 1990-12-11 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Electrically heated catalytic converter
US4810588A (en) * 1988-05-24 1989-03-07 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Nonnesting, straight corrugation metal foil and method for making same
JPH0616855B2 (ja) * 1988-07-22 1994-03-09 日本冶金工業株式会社 触媒反応器のための担持母体
DE8812924U1 (de) * 1988-10-14 1988-12-01 Emitec Gesellschaft für Emissionstechnologie mbH, 53797 Lohmar Trägerkörper für einen katalytischen Reaktor zur Abgasreinigung
US4928485A (en) * 1989-06-06 1990-05-29 W. R. Grace & Co.,-Conn. Metallic core member for catalytic converter and catalytic converter containing same
DE8910471U1 (de) * 1989-09-01 1991-01-10 Nixdorf Computer Ag, 4790 Paderborn Halterungsvorrichtung für ein elektrisches Bauteil
DE8910470U1 (de) * 1989-09-01 1991-01-03 Lucas Industries P.L.C., Birmingham, West Midlands Pneumatisch-hydraulischer Druckerzeuger, insbesondere für Fahrzeugbremsanlagen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69115848D1 (de) 1996-02-08
DE69115848T2 (de) 1996-05-30
EP0483705A1 (fr) 1992-05-06
JPH04284852A (ja) 1992-10-09
CA2050733A1 (fr) 1992-05-01
US5070694A (en) 1991-12-10
ATE132230T1 (de) 1996-01-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0483705B1 (fr) Structure pour un noyau catalytique chauffable électriquement
US5174968A (en) Structure for electrically heatable catalytic core
US5177961A (en) Upstream collimator for electrically heatable catalytic converter
US5140812A (en) Core for an electrically heatable catalytic converter
US5232671A (en) Core for a catalytic converter
US5140813A (en) Composite catalytic converter
US5170624A (en) Composite catalytic converter
EP0635627B1 (fr) Convertisseur combiné chauffable électriquement
US5318756A (en) Electrode feed through
US5456890A (en) Combined electrically heatable and light-off converter
US5240682A (en) Reinforced corrugated thin metal foil strip useful in a catalytic converter core, a catalytic converter core containing said strip and an electrically heatable catalytic converter containing said core
JPH0372953A (ja) 触媒コンバーターのための金属コア部材及びそれを含有する触媒コンバーター
US5384099A (en) Core element for catalytic converter
EP0571059B1 (fr) Elément de noyau pour catalyseur
US5628928A (en) Method for reducing the potential difference in an electrically heatable converter by connecting the strip heater to corrugated strip with an electrical conductor
US5546746A (en) Core element useful in a combined electrically heatable and light-off converter
EP0569109A1 (fr) Elément de noyau pour catalyseur
US5308591A (en) Core body for catalytic converter
US5146744A (en) Electrically heatable catalytic converter insert
EP0677649B1 (fr) Elément de noyau pour convertisseur combiné chauffable électriquement et à auto-amorçage
EP0733156A1 (fr) Convertisseur combine ameliore avec section a chauffage electrique et section passive
JP3312933B2 (ja) 電気加熱式ハニカム体

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19920508

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19930719

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRE;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.SCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 19951227

Ref country code: DK

Effective date: 19951227

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY

Effective date: 19951227

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 19951227

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19951227

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19951227

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19951227

Ref country code: LI

Effective date: 19951227

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 19951227

Ref country code: CH

Effective date: 19951227

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 132230

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19960115

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69115848

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19960208

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19960327

EN Fr: translation not filed
NLV1 Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19961017

Year of fee payment: 6

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19961031

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19961104

Year of fee payment: 6

26N No opposition filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19971026

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19971026

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980701