EP0463730A1 - Injecteur de carburant - Google Patents
Injecteur de carburant Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0463730A1 EP0463730A1 EP91304464A EP91304464A EP0463730A1 EP 0463730 A1 EP0463730 A1 EP 0463730A1 EP 91304464 A EP91304464 A EP 91304464A EP 91304464 A EP91304464 A EP 91304464A EP 0463730 A1 EP0463730 A1 EP 0463730A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- valve
- conduit
- outlet
- valve member
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical class OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
- F02M61/08—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series the valves opening in direction of fuel flow
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
- F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
- F02M51/0635—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a plate-shaped or undulated armature not entering the winding
- F02M51/066—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a plate-shaped or undulated armature not entering the winding the armature and the valve being allowed to move relatively to each other or not being attached to each other
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0003—Fuel-injection apparatus having a cyclically-operated valve for connecting a pressure source, e.g. constant pressure pump or accumulator, to an injection valve held closed mechanically, e.g. by springs, and automatically opened by fuel pressure
- F02M63/0007—Fuel-injection apparatus having a cyclically-operated valve for connecting a pressure source, e.g. constant pressure pump or accumulator, to an injection valve held closed mechanically, e.g. by springs, and automatically opened by fuel pressure using electrically actuated valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
- F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
- F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
Definitions
- This invention relates to fuel injectors, particularly direct injection fuel injectors; that is to say, fuel injectors suitable for injecting fuel directly into the combustion chamber of an engine.
- the invention has particular, though not exclusive, application to engines fuelled by petrol or methanols.
- Electronically-controlled fuel injectors are known. However, they do not operate satisfactorily at the high combustion pressures encountered in the combustion chamber of an engine and therefore cannot be used as direct injection fuel injectors.
- a fuel injector suitable for direct injection of fuel into the combustion chamber of an engine, comprising a fuel conduit having an inlet by which fuel can be admitted to the conduit and an outlet by which fuel can exit the conduit and being characterised by an electromagnetically-controlled valve for regulating a flow of fuel along the conduit and a further valve, positioned downstream of the electromagnetically-controlled valve, for enabling fuel to exit the conduit through the outlet provided the pressure upstream of the further valve exceeds the pressure downstream of the further valve by at least a predetermined amount.
- the further valve is operable to close off the outlet and prevents fuel injection from taking place during combustion.
- a direct injection fuel injector as defined, is particularly versatile in that the flow of fuel to the combustion chamber can be accurately metered by applying a suitable electrical control signal to the electromagnet of the electromagnetically-controlled valve.
- the control signal may be a pulsed control signal; for example, a variable width, fixed frequency signal, a variable frequency, fixed width signal or a combination of these.
- the electromagnetically-controlled valve is an electromagnetically-controlled plate valve.
- the fuel injector has a nozzle providing said outlet and the further valve comprises a valve member displaceable between a first position in which the valve member co-operates with the nozzle to close the outlet and prevent fuel from exiting the fuel conduit and a second position in which fuel can exit the conduit through the outlet.
- the nozzle comprises a tubular sleeve and the valve member is an outwardly-opening valve member which is axially displaceable relative to the tubular sleeve between the first and second positions.
- the valve member may be a needle-type valve member, and the further valve may include resilient means, for example a coil spring, for urging the valve member towards the first position.
- resilient means for example a coil spring
- the valve member may have a ribbed formation for assisting in axial alignment of the valve member in the tubular sleeve and to impart a swirling motion to fuel passing along the fuel conduit towards the outlet.
- the fuel injector comprises a housing 10 having a fuel inlet 11, in which is fitted a filter 12, and a fuel outlet 13, the inlet and the outlet being connected by a conduit 14 formed within the housing.
- the fuel inlet is coupled to a constant pressure fuel supply (not shown), and is intended to be fitted directly to the engine's combustion chamber so that the fuel outlet lies within the chamber.
- the passage of fuel through the fuel injector is regulated by an electromagetically-controlled valve comprising an electromagnet including a solenoid coil 15 supported on a coil former 16.
- the coil former is located inside an annular cavity 17 defined by concentric parts 18 and 19 of the housing 10. Both parts 18 and 19 are made of a magnetisable material, thus providing a magnetic circuit round the solenoid coil 15.
- the electromagnetically-controlled valve further includes a valve plate 20, also made of a magnetisable material, which is urged by a coil spring 21 into contact with a valve seat in the form of a disc 22 in which is formed an aperture 23.
- the valve plate 20, when in the position shown in Figure 1, blocks the aperture 23 in disc 22, thereby preventing the flow of fuel from the fuel inlet 11, through conduit 14, to the fuel outlet 13.
- valve plate 20 Upon energisation of the solenoid coil 15, the valve plate 20 is magnetically attracted towards the adjacent end face of part 18 thus unblocking the aperture 23 in the disc 22.
- valve plate 20 Upon de-energisation of the solenoid coil 15 the valve plate 20 is returned by the action of the coil spring 21 into contact with the disc 22, thereby blocking the flow of fuel through the aperture.
- the flow of fuel through the aperture 23 can be accurately metered by suitably energising the electromagnetically-controlled valve.
- the solenoid coil 15 may be supplied with a pulsed control signal which regulates the time intervals during which the solenoid coil is energised (and fuel is able to flow through aperture 23) and the time intervals during which the solenoid coil is de-energised (and fuel is prevented from flowing through the aperture 23).
- the pulsed control signal may be a variable width, fixed frequency signal or a variable frequency, fixed width signal or a combination of these.
- the fuel injector has an outlet nozzle 30 which is located downstream of the electromagnetically-controlled valve and incorporates a second valve for exercising further control over the flow of fuel.
- the outlet nozzle shown in greater detail in Figure 2, has a sleeve 31 fixed to part 19 by welding, for example, and a coaxial sleeve 32 having a flange 33 which is fixed within an annular groove 34 formed in sleeve 31 at the downstream end thereof.
- the second valve incorporated in nozzle 30, has a needle-type valve member 36 which is axially displaceable relative to sleeves 31 and 32.
- the valve member 36 is maintained in substantial axial alignment with sleeves 31 and 32 by a collar 37 fixed round the upstream end 38 of valve member 36 and by a cylindrical part 39 of the valve member which is a close fit within the bore of a further flanged sleeve 40 and that of sleeve 32.
- the collar 37 and the further sleeve 40 can both slide axially relative to sleeve 31 and a further coil spring 41, acting directly on sleeve 40, urges the valve member 36 towards the normally-closed position - the position shown in Figures 1 and 2.
- the end 42 of sleeve 32 is formed with a conical valve seat 43 formed around the fuel outlet 13 and, in the normally-closed position, a tapered end surface of the valve member 36 bears against the valve seat 43, as shown, and prevents fuel from exiting the conduit 14 through outlet 13.
- the valve member will be displaced, in the direction of arrow A in Figure 2, enabling fuel to exit the conduit 14 through the fuel outlet 13.
- the fuel flows around the collar 37 and sleeve 40, through a cross-bore 44 in sleeve 32 and along a channel 45 therein to the outlet 13.
- a ribbed formation 46 on the valve member 36 also assists alignment of the valve member in the bore of sleeve 32 and allows fuel to pass along channel 45 to the outlet 13.
- the ribs of the formation slope relative to the longitudinal axis of the valve member. This reduces wear on the sleeve and also imparts a swirling motion to fuel passing along conduit 45. The latter assists atomisation of the fuel at the outlet.
- the pressure developed during compression (typically about 10 bar) acts on the downstream end of the valve member 36 (which is within the combustion chamber) assisting its return to the normally-closed position and forming a positive seal, thereby blocking a flow of fuel through the fuel outlet and preventing fuel injection during combustion.
- the described fuel injector has particular, though not exclusive, application to petrol engines.
- the fuel inlet 11 would be connected to a fuel supply line delivering fuel at a constant pressure, typically in the range 6-10 bar. At such pressures, the fuel would exit the fuel outlet as a spray suitable for ignition in the combustion chamber.
- the volume of fuel injected into the combustion chamber can be accurately regulated by means of the control signal supplied to the electromagnet of the electromagnetically-controlled valve. This enables greater fuel economy to be achieved and also reduces the emission of pollutants, such as CO2.
- a fuel injector in accordance with the invention is suitable for use with liquid fuels other than petrol (e.g. methanols) and gaseous fuels.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB909014334A GB9014334D0 (en) | 1990-06-27 | 1990-06-27 | Fuel injector |
| GB9014334 | 1990-06-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0463730A1 true EP0463730A1 (fr) | 1992-01-02 |
Family
ID=10678314
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91304464A Withdrawn EP0463730A1 (fr) | 1990-06-27 | 1991-05-17 | Injecteur de carburant |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0463730A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JPH04232376A (fr) |
| GB (1) | GB9014334D0 (fr) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1209353A1 (fr) * | 2000-11-24 | 2002-05-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Soupape d'injection de carburant |
| DE10103932A1 (de) * | 2001-01-30 | 2002-08-29 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Brennstoffeinspritzventil |
| WO2002088542A1 (fr) * | 2001-04-27 | 2002-11-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Injecteur de carburant a construction sequentielle |
| WO2008092530A1 (fr) | 2007-01-31 | 2008-08-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Dispositif de dosage |
| EP1662113B1 (fr) * | 1994-04-10 | 2012-11-21 | McAlister, Roy E. | Procédé et appareil pour un fonctionnement amélioré de moteurs |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1336636A (en) * | 1970-02-13 | 1973-11-07 | Roto Diesel Sa | Electromagnetic injectors |
| DE3151368A1 (de) * | 1981-01-20 | 1982-08-05 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd., Yokohama, Kanagawa | Brennstoff-einspritzvorrichtung |
| GB2112455A (en) * | 1981-12-24 | 1983-07-20 | Lucas Ind Plc | Guiding outwardly opening valves in fuel injectors |
-
1990
- 1990-06-27 GB GB909014334A patent/GB9014334D0/en active Pending
-
1991
- 1991-05-17 EP EP91304464A patent/EP0463730A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1991-06-26 JP JP15488591A patent/JPH04232376A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1336636A (en) * | 1970-02-13 | 1973-11-07 | Roto Diesel Sa | Electromagnetic injectors |
| DE3151368A1 (de) * | 1981-01-20 | 1982-08-05 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd., Yokohama, Kanagawa | Brennstoff-einspritzvorrichtung |
| GB2112455A (en) * | 1981-12-24 | 1983-07-20 | Lucas Ind Plc | Guiding outwardly opening valves in fuel injectors |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1662113B1 (fr) * | 1994-04-10 | 2012-11-21 | McAlister, Roy E. | Procédé et appareil pour un fonctionnement amélioré de moteurs |
| EP1209353A1 (fr) * | 2000-11-24 | 2002-05-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Soupape d'injection de carburant |
| DE10103932A1 (de) * | 2001-01-30 | 2002-08-29 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Brennstoffeinspritzventil |
| DE10103932B4 (de) * | 2001-01-30 | 2010-01-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Brennstoffeinspritzventil |
| WO2002088542A1 (fr) * | 2001-04-27 | 2002-11-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Injecteur de carburant a construction sequentielle |
| WO2008092530A1 (fr) | 2007-01-31 | 2008-08-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Dispositif de dosage |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9014334D0 (en) | 1990-08-15 |
| JPH04232376A (ja) | 1992-08-20 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19920703 |