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EP0456641B1 - Process for preventing the formation of flue gases in metallurgical processes and during the transport of molten metal from a metallurgical vessel to casting vessels and device for transporting molten metals from a metallurgical furnace to a casting vessel - Google Patents

Process for preventing the formation of flue gases in metallurgical processes and during the transport of molten metal from a metallurgical vessel to casting vessels and device for transporting molten metals from a metallurgical furnace to a casting vessel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0456641B1
EP0456641B1 EP90900762A EP90900762A EP0456641B1 EP 0456641 B1 EP0456641 B1 EP 0456641B1 EP 90900762 A EP90900762 A EP 90900762A EP 90900762 A EP90900762 A EP 90900762A EP 0456641 B1 EP0456641 B1 EP 0456641B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
runner
cover
liquid metal
inert gas
transporting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90900762A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0456641A1 (en
Inventor
Hans De Haas
Klaus Ulrich
Klaus GRÜTZMACHER
Erhard Krause
Horstmar Mohnkern
Manfred LÖWENSTEIN
Manfred Voss
Joachim Witt
Uwe Hammer
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Kloeckner Stahl GmbH
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Kloeckner Stahl GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE3903444A external-priority patent/DE3903444C1/en
Priority claimed from DE3929328A external-priority patent/DE3929328A1/en
Priority claimed from DE3930729A external-priority patent/DE3930729A1/en
Priority claimed from DE19893933894 external-priority patent/DE3933894A1/en
Application filed by Kloeckner Stahl GmbH filed Critical Kloeckner Stahl GmbH
Priority to AT90900762T priority Critical patent/ATE89865T1/en
Publication of EP0456641A1 publication Critical patent/EP0456641A1/en
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Publication of EP0456641B1 publication Critical patent/EP0456641B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D45/00—Equipment for casting, not otherwise provided for
    • B22D45/005—Evacuation of fumes, dust or waste gases during manipulations in the foundry
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
    • C21B7/14—Discharging devices, e.g. for slag
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/30—Arrangements for extraction or collection of waste gases; Hoods therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for avoiding the generation of flue gases in metallurgical processes and in the transport of liquid metal from a metallurgical vessel, in particular a metallurgical furnace such as a blast furnace, into casting vessels.
  • the invention further relates to a device which consists of at least one transport and drainage channel installed at a tap opening of a metallurgical furnace and a transfer station with a swivel or tilting channel in which the liquid metal runs from the drainage channel via a distribution system into outlet openings from which it flows there is a preferably mobile pouring vessel.
  • the smoke gas is generated from the outset in every process step or prevented in any device in which or in which the presence of oxygen is not absolutely necessary.
  • metal oxides eg "brown smoke”
  • SO2 further undesirable oxides
  • liquid metal also includes the slag which often occurs in metallurgical processes and which can occur in batches or in separate layers together with the liquid metal.
  • the first measure is to cover the channels located directly at the tap openings of the metallurgical furnace, in particular the blast furnace, with hoods, for example, into which an inert gas is introduced. This initially largely prevents air access to the liquid metal, and furthermore, by minimizing the interior space above the flowing liquid metal, the theoretically possible reaction space of the metal with the gas above it and thus the possible scope of the reaction is considerably reduced.
  • the covers must be movable in the area of the tap opening, i.e. be swiveled or folded away from the gutter.
  • the inerting gas can be introduced in such a way that it can simultaneously serve for cooling areas which are subject to high thermal stress.
  • the shielding of the liquid metal flow in the transport channels is solved in that the channels are covered by hoods, the introduction of inert gas serving to simultaneously cool the hoods.
  • Another problem point is the transfer point of the liquid metal from the transport trough into the inlet opening of the pouring vessel.
  • the metal coming from the transport trough first encounters a swivel or tilting trough in free fall, preferably via a distribution trough and an outlet opening and via this into the Drainage vessel, e.g. a torpedo pan or a transport vessel.
  • the transfer point is largely gas-tightly shielded from the outside by a housing, the interior in question can thus be effectively rendered inert with inert gas, in particular nitrogen.
  • the enclosure of the transfer point considerably minimizes the space that has to be purged with inert gas.
  • the otherwise economically unjustifiable pressure nitrogen or inert gas injection is limited to a small area, namely that from the end of the transport trough to the outlet opening into the pouring vessel, for example a pan or a torpedo car.
  • the transfer station is equipped with a preferably movable cover.
  • the swivel or tilting channel is cooled during the liquid metal flow through the same inert gas with which the inerting in the interior formed by the shield is also ensured.
  • the inert gas is preferably blown below the shield against the wall of the swivel or tilting channel.
  • the overpressure above the liquid metal flow in the drainage channels, in the transfer space and in the interior of the pouring vessel should be kept as small as possible.
  • the liquid metal discharge jet is shielded from the air inlet by an inert gas jacket after it emerges from the outlet opening until it enters the pouring vessel.
  • This inert gas jacket is created by a preferably annular injection of inert gas under pressure, preferably 1.5 bar, so that an inert gas curtain enveloping the liquid jet results.
  • inert gas curtain enveloping the liquid jet results.
  • mostly "bearish" deposits at the inlet openings of the pouring vessels are a hindrance, making gas-tight placement of the tube on such an inlet opening impossible.
  • inert gas curtain instead of the enveloping inert gas curtain, only metallic chains, strips or the like are available, which, however, are disadvantageously displaceable relative to one another and there, in particular due to the thermals prevailing during casting, provide an airtight seal complicate.
  • inert gas also serves as a cooling medium for the outlet opening.
  • the interior of the pouring vessel is largely kept under inert gas by introducing inert gas, preferably through inlet openings in the vessel jacket, in order to prevent metal oxidation there as well.
  • inert gas emerging from the pouring vessel filling opening for the liquid metal supports the described shielding effect of the ring-shaped inert gas curtain for the liquid metal jet.
  • the inerting of the pouring vessel should preferably begin before the first inlet of liquid metal.
  • either nitrogen or a gas whose free oxygen content is consumed by combustion in a combustion chamber can be used as the inert gas.
  • the resulting inert exhaust gas which e.g. can be achieved by burning natural gas, is cooled before being introduced into the rooms mentioned.
  • the above-described transfer point of the liquid metal from the transport trough still has a relatively large-volume housing, in which a tilting or swiveling trough is arranged.
  • a tipping trough is a trough arrangement in which the pig iron coming from a trough is directed into various pouring vessels via a trough that can be tilted about a horizontal axis.
  • a swivel channel is a channel arrangement in which the pig iron coming from a drain channel is directed onto a channel that can be swiveled or rotated about a vertical axis, from which it is fed directly into the pouring vessels or via a distribution system from several individual channels located underneath.
  • the tilting or swiveling trough is covered over its respective channel part lengths to form the smallest possible free interior space, ie, the liquid metal does not flow through, wherein the tipping or swivel trough has funnel-shaped outlet openings at the end of which annular pressure gas nozzles or pressure gas nozzle rings are arranged.
  • the channel area of the tipping or swivel channel is covered as well as the transport or drainage channels.
  • the end-side funnel-shaped configurations of the tilting or swiveling channels serve to fasten the annular compressed gas nozzles or the compressed gas nozzle rings to form an inert gas jacket around the liquid metal jet running there. Further holders for the ring-shaped nozzle or the nozzle ring can thus preferably be dispensed with.
  • the outlet funnel is arranged at the angle of inclination or tipping of the tipping or swiveling channel, with which the inert gas jacket diameter can be minimized.
  • the arrangement is such that the annular pressure nozzle plane or the plane determined by the pressure nozzle ring lies essentially horizontally in the pouring position.
  • the lid or lids together with the tilting or swiveling channel form a closed, largely gas-tight housing through which liquid metal can flow.
  • This interior is filled with a suitable gas such as Nitrogen inerted.
  • the lid can be detached from the tilting or swiveling channel, in particular for cleaning or repair work, preferably the lid can be swiveled, for example attached to the tipping or swivel trough via a hinge.
  • the transfer point of the liquid metal from the transport trough into the inlet opening is in a pit, the following solution is particularly suitable for retrofitting relevant gas orders.
  • the housing of the transfer station consisting of a stationary lower part and the cover is to be provided with a displaceable upper part which prevents major dismantling work helps. This avoids relatively long downtimes, which are at the expense of the productivity of the entire device.
  • the upper part of the housing preferably consists of a frame with at least three wheels and a cover.
  • the movability of the upper part on wheels saves the otherwise necessary use of appropriately resilient lifting equipment and considerably minimizes the required use of cranes.
  • the stationary lower part of the housing is arranged as a boundary of a pit, and has side rails for two of the wheels of the frame of the upper part.
  • the swiveling or tipping channel and the transfer funnel are located in this pit. Due to the movability of the upper part, ie the frame and the cover, it is no longer necessary to have the stationary lower part on one of the end faces for inspection work Swing doors or similar closable openings. The inspection can take place after opening, ie moving the lid over the boundary of the stationary lower part.
  • the frame is preferably mounted so that it can be moved horizontally on three wheels, two wheels running on the rails arranged on the side of the pit, the third wheel running on a rail parallel to and offset from the laterally arranged rails leads to one end of the pit.
  • This saves a rail track about the length of the pit.
  • the frame including the cover is moved in a corresponding manner over the face of the pit. The space required to the side of the pit and the length of the third track are to be selected according to the length of the frame or the pit.
  • the lid is preferably roof-shaped, i.e. in cross-section essentially triangular, and detachable from the frame.
  • the cover is preferably provided with a sealing strip which closes the gap between the cover and the lower housing part. This significantly increases the tightness of the closed housing.
  • swivel-lifting devices After installation of the transport and drainage channels, swivel-lifting devices are required, which make it possible to pick up the cover hoods weighing about 12 t from a sand bed and without damaging the blast furnace scaffold, i.e. to be placed on the transport and drainage channels under safe guidance.
  • a swivel-lifting device is proposed, which has a vertical column, which is arranged to the side of the tap opening and can be rotated about its longitudinal axis, with a cantilever arm, at the free end of which the lifting device with a holding device for cover hoods is arranged.
  • the receiving device for the cover hoods is preferably designed to be rotatable about a vertical axis relative to the lifting device. This can be done in particular in that the receiving device is connected to the lifting device by means of a rotary ball connection and is driven by a gear rack toothing.
  • the receiving device preferably has fastening elements which allow the cover hoods to be set down and received on or from uneven ground, in particular a sand bed, without torque.
  • Shackles for example, are suitable as fastening elements for this.
  • the lifting device should have a torque-stable guide for absorbing unilateral moments with uneven loading, so that "tilting" of the cover hoods can be avoided, for example, if they have bearded deposits on one side.
  • the lifting device can be raised and lowered via a cable pull, preferably a bottle cable pull, wherein the cable guide is preferably elastically mounted at the attachment point (fixed point) via a plate spring arrangement.
  • the rotational mobility of the vertical column is also brought about by a rack drive.
  • Copying units are preferably used to monitor the current movement sequences or positions of the vertical column and / or the lifting device.
  • the lifting device is permanently connected to the relevant cover for the gutter at the tap hole, it is also advisable to attach an inert gas pipe with pipe swivel joints to the lifting device, preferably the free end of the pipe being part of a fast Detachable coupling for coupling to the hood equipped with the corresponding part. If the covers are to be cooled, it is advisable to provide a pipeline for the coolant supply in a corresponding manner.
  • the blast furnace 10 shown in Fig. 1 has three tap holes 11, 12 and 13, of which drain channels 14, 15 and 16 lead to respective transfer stations 17, 18 and 19, below which each movable pouring vessels 20 and 21 (Fig. 2) for receiving liquid metal are arranged.
  • An essential feature of the device according to the invention in the tapping area are the cover hoods 22, 23 and 24 to which inert gas can be applied, which in the area of the respective tapping hole 11 to 13 with the aid of the Swivel devices 25, 26 and 27 are arranged pivotably.
  • the pig iron is guided to the relevant transfer stations 17, 18 and 19 in the respectively covered and inertized drainage channels 14, 15 and 16.
  • the liquid metal preferably runs from the drainage channels to swivel channels 28, 29 and 30, which are furthermore preferably cooled laterally by the flow of the inerting gas.
  • the liquid metal is preferably conducted via distributor channels 31 and 32 (FIG. 2) to the respective outlet openings 33 and 34.
  • the entire transfer stations are encased in housings 35 and 36; the lid structure 36, which will be discussed later, can be moved horizontally.
  • the liquid metal jet 37 emerges below the casting platform from the outlet opening 33, which is surrounded by the annular nozzle 38. This envelops the liquid metal jet with the inert gas curtain 39 until it enters the upper opening 40 of the pouring vessels 20 or 21.
  • the interior of the pouring vessel is subjected to inert gas before and during the filling through preferably one or more inlet openings 41 or 42 located in the vessel jacket.
  • All gas nozzles are connected to gas supply systems 43, 44, 45 and are supplied with nitrogen via pressure valves 46, 47 and 48.
  • the inventive principle can also be used in so-called tilting gutters, in which it is necessary to preferably house or cover the tilting gutter, which will be discussed later, and to keep the interior of the housing under a largely inert atmosphere with a slight excess pressure.
  • the inventive principle can also be used in slag transport channels.
  • the swivel channel 29 and the distribution channels 31 and 32 are located within a pit 52 which is delimited on both sides by rails 53 and 54.
  • a third rail 55 is arranged parallel to the above-mentioned rails 53 and 54 from the end face 52 'of the pit.
  • the upper part consisting of a frame 35 and a cover 36 is movably supported on the above-mentioned rails 53 to 55 via wheels 49 to 51.
  • the rail 55 is embedded in the casting hall 56.
  • the rails 53 and 54 are arranged on the lower part of the housing of the pit 52.
  • the cover 36 is also provided with a sealing strip 57 which closes the gap 58 between the cover 36 and the stationary lower part 59.
  • a tilting channel 60 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 the aforementioned housing can be dispensed with.
  • the tipping channel 60 has outlet funnels 61 and 62 at the end, on the end face of which a compressed gas nozzle ring 63, 64 is arranged.
  • the outlet channel 65 with the channel longitudinal axis 655 is also arranged at the same angle ⁇ with respect to the vertical trough. This means that the compressed gas nozzle ring 63 or 64 is horizontal in the outlet position (see FIG. 4, left side).
  • the tipping channel 60 is covered by one or more covers 67 to form the smallest possible interior 68.
  • the covers 67 are detachably, preferably pivotally attached to the tipping channel 60.
  • One or more inert gas nozzles 69 are provided on the underside of the lid for inerting the interior 68 above the liquid metal level in the tilting channel, which is not shown.
  • the inert gas nozzles 69 like the compressed gas supply 66, can be supplied by a central control.
  • the swivel-lifting device shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 essentially consists of a vertically arranged column 80 which can be rotated about its longitudinal axis 81.
  • This column is located on the side of the tap opening of a blast furnace, not shown.
  • This column has a cantilever arm 82, at the free end 82a of which a lifting device 73 is arranged, which in the present case consists of a block and tackle.
  • the lifting device serves for lifting and lowering a receiving device 74 for a cover 75.
  • This receiving device 74 is connected to the lifting device 73 via a ball-and-socket connection 74a and is driven via a gear rack toothing.
  • the lifting device 73 is torque-stable, so that even in the event that the cover has bearish extensions on its side, which considerably increase its weight there, there is no tilting of the cover hood.
  • the cover hood can be brought into any angular position in a horizontal plane (rotation about the vertical axis 76) via the ball pivot connection 74a and the drive train drive.
  • a further possibility of rotation about the longitudinal axis 81 of the column is by means of the drive shaft drive 78 for the vertical column 80. Since a pivoting-lifting device is provided for each tap hole, it is finally advisable to include the inert gas / coolant line as a combined pipeline 79 to connect the device.
  • This pipe 79 has pipe swivel joints 79a.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Blast Furnaces (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/DE89/00779 Sec. 371 Date Oct. 2, 1991 Sec. 102(e) Date Oct. 2, 1991 PCT Filed Dec. 20, 1989 PCT Pub. No. WO90/08842 PCT Pub. Date Aug. 9, 1990.It is proposed, in the case of at least one transport and discharge runner installed at a tapping orifice of the metallurgical furnace and a transfer station having a swivel or tilting runner in which the molten metal flows from the discharge runner by way of a distribution system into the outlet openings from which it flows into a preferably movable casting vessel, to cover the discharge runners conveying the molten metal from the tapping orifice of the metallurgical furnace with cover hoods, to screen off the transfer station in a substantially gastight manner, to sweep these interiors with inert gas and in addition to screen off the molten metal discharge stream from the outlet opening to the casting vessel by means of a pressurized inert gas covering which prevents air access and is substantally annular in cross-section. By these means, fume production is effectively avoided.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Vermeidung der Entstehung der Rauchgase in metallurgischen Prozessen und beim Flüssigmetall-Transport von einem metallurgischen Gefäß, insbesondere metallurgischen Ofen wie einem Hochofen, in Abgießgefäße. Die Erfindung betrifft ferner eine Vorrichtung, die aus mindestens einer an einer Abstichöffnung eines metallurgischen Ofens installierten Transport- und Ablaufrinne und einer Übergabestation mit einer Schwenk- oder Kipprinne, in der das Flüssigmetall von der Ablaufrinne über ein Verteilersystem in Austrittsöffnungen läuft, aus denen es in ein vorzugsweise fahrbares Abgießgefäß abläuft, besteht.The invention relates to a method for avoiding the generation of flue gases in metallurgical processes and in the transport of liquid metal from a metallurgical vessel, in particular a metallurgical furnace such as a blast furnace, into casting vessels. The invention further relates to a device which consists of at least one transport and drainage channel installed at a tap opening of a metallurgical furnace and a transfer station with a swivel or tilting channel in which the liquid metal runs from the drainage channel via a distribution system into outlet openings from which it flows there is a preferably mobile pouring vessel.

Bei der Metallerzeugung, insbesondere der Stahl- und Eisenherstellung, fallen u.a. beim Transport des flüssigen Metalls erhebliche Mengen an z.B. sog. "Braunem Rauch" an, der vornehmlich aus Metalloxiden besteht. Die entstehenden Staubmengen sind so hoch, daß Maßnahmen zu Ihrer Begrenzung bzw. Beseitigung getroffen werden müssen. Gesetzlich vorgeschriebene Anforderungen begrenzen den zulässigen Staub-Restgehalt auf 50 mg Staub/Nm³. Um diese Werte zu erreichen, wird nach dem derzeitigen Stand der Technik (vgl. DE-Druckschriften "Altanlagenprogramm des Bundesministers des Inneren, Luftreinhaltung, Abschlußbericht -Gießhallenentstaubung von Hochhöfen mit 5000 t/d und 4000 t/d Schmelzleistung" von Dipl.-Ing. Dieter Eickelpasch, Hoesch Stahl AG, Dortmund, März 1985 und "Gießhallenentstaubung des Hochofens B mit automatischer Minimierung der Abgasmenge" von Dr. Ing. Paul van Ackeren, Mannesmannröhrern-Werke AG, April 1983 und DE-Z "Stahl und Eisen" 104 (1984) Nr. 7, Seiten 351ff.) der bei Transportvorgängen des Eisens und des Stahls entstehende "Braune Rauch" mittels umfangreicher Anlagen über Filter geleitet; dort wird das Eisenoxid abgeschieden und gesammelt, um anschließend einer geeigneten Weiterverwendung bzw. Entsorgung zugeführt zu werden. Um zum Beispiel den in der Abstichhalle eines metallurgischen Ofens, insbesondere eines Hochofens auftretenden Staub überhaupt erfassen zu können, sind somit umfangreiche und leistungstarke Absaugeinrichtungen mit entsprechenden Abgasfiltern, Rohrsystemen, Ventilatoren, Regelegungseinrichtungen usw. zu schaffen, die sowohl von der Installation als auch vom Betreiben her sehr teuer sind. Des weiteren hat sich gezeigt, daß die durch die Absaugung bedingte intensive Heranführung von Luft an das fließende Roheisen die Staubentwicklung zusätzlich drastisch erhöht.In metal production, in particular steel and iron production, considerable amounts of, for example, so-called "brown smoke", which primarily consists of metal oxides, are produced during the transport of the liquid metal. The amount of dust generated is so high that measures must be taken to limit or remove it. Statutory requirements limit the permitted residual dust content to 50 mg dust / Nm³. In order to achieve these values, according to the current state of the art (cf. DE documents "Old plant program of the Federal Minister of the Interior, air pollution control, final report - dedusting of the casting hall from high yards with 5000 t / d and 4000 t / d melting capacity" by Dipl.-Ing Dieter Eickelpasch, Hoesch Stahl AG, Dortmund, March 1985 and "Foundry dedusting of blast furnace B with automatic minimization of the amount of exhaust gas" by Dr. Ing. Paul van Ackeren, Mannesmannröhrern-Werke AG, April 1983 and DE-Z "Stahl und Eisen" 104 (1984) No. 7, pages 351ff.) The "brown smoke" that occurs during the transportation of iron and steel by means of extensive systems passed through filters; there, the iron oxide is separated and collected so that it can then be sent for further use or disposal. In order, for example, to be able to detect the dust that occurs in the tapping hall of a metallurgical furnace, in particular a blast furnace, extensive and powerful extraction systems with corresponding exhaust gas filters, pipe systems, fans, control systems, etc. must be created, both from the installation and the operation are very expensive. Furthermore, it has been shown that the intensive introduction of air to the flowing pig iron due to the suction additionally drastically increases the dust development.

Schließlich können nicht alle Stäube wegen ihrer Verunreinigungen rezykliert oder anderweitig beliebig verwendet werden, was eine zum Teil umweltbelastende Deoponierung erforderlich macht. Insgesamt führen alle die genannten Maßnahmen zu einer nicht unerheblichen Verteuerung bei der Metallgewinnung.After all, not all dusts can be recycled or used in any other way because of their impurities, which necessitates a partially environmentally damaging demo. All in all, the measures mentioned lead to a not inconsiderable increase in the cost of metal extraction.

Man hat daher in der Vergangenheit bereits vorgeschlagen, Maßnahmen zu ergreifen, welche die Entstehung des Staube von vonherein vermindern. So ist z.B. vorgeschlagen worden, den Flüssigmetall-Transport unter gleichzeitiger Verdrängung des Sauerstoffs durchzuführen, was z.B. durch Stickstoffbedüsung des fließenden Metalls realisiert werden kann. Es hat sich in der Praxis jedoch als wenig wirkungsvoll erwiesen, die Flüssigmetall-Aublaufrinnen ohen Zusatzmaßnahmen offen mit Stickstoff zu begasen, da allein durch den thermischen Auftrieb der Sauerstoffzutritt nur unzureichend begrenzt werden konnte. Diese Reduzierung des z.B. "Braunen Rauches" bzw. der anfallenden Stäube stand hier in keinem Verhältnis zu dem technischen Aufwand, insbesondere dem Inertgas-Verbrauch.It has therefore already been proposed in the past to take measures which from the outset reduce the formation of the dust. For example, it has been proposed to transport liquid metal while displacing oxygen carry out what can be achieved, for example, by nitrogen spraying the flowing metal. In practice, however, it has proven to be less effective to openly gassing the liquid metal drainage channels with nitrogen without additional measures, since the thermal uplift alone was insufficient to limit the oxygen access. This reduction in, for example, "brown smoke" or the dust produced was out of proportion to the technical effort, in particular the inert gas consumption.

Für die nur schwer zugänglichen Hauptemessionsquellen wie den Bereich der Abstichöffnung und den Übergabe- bzw. Einlaufbereich in die Abgießgefäße sind keine Maßnahmen zur Rauchgasunterdrückung bekannt.No measures for suppressing the flue gas are known for the main emission sources, which are difficult to access, such as the area of the tap opening and the transfer or inlet area into the pouring vessels.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, das eingangs genannte Verfahren und die genannte Vorrichtung dahingehend zu verbessern, daß bei niedrigen Investitions- und Betriebskosten (Energie, Wartungs- und Inertgas-Aufwand) eine weitgehende Rauchgasunterdrückung erzielt wird, wobei die Erfindung speziell auf die besonders schwer beherrschbaren Bereiche der Abstichöffnung, der Übergabestelle mit z.B. einer Schwenk- oder Kipprinne sowie des Pfanneneinlaufes und des Abgießgefäß-Innenraumes hinzielt.It is therefore an object of the present invention to improve the aforementioned method and the device in such a way that extensive flue gas suppression is achieved with low investment and operating costs (energy, maintenance and inert gas expenditure), the invention being particularly aimed at the areas of the tap opening that are difficult to control, the transfer point with e.g. a swivel or tilting channel as well as the ladle inlet and the pouring vessel interior.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die in den Ansprüchen 1 und 7 angegebenen Maßnahmen gelöst, die im folgenden näher erläutert werden. Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Ansprüchen 2 bis 6 und 8 bis 37 beschrieben.This object is achieved by the measures specified in claims 1 and 7, which are explained in more detail below. Developments of the invention are described in claims 2 to 6 and 8 to 37.

Vorteilhafterweise wird mit der Erfindung bereits die Entstehung des Rauchgases von vornherein bei jedem Verfahrnensschritt bzw. in jeder Vorrichtung verhindert, bei dem bzw. in der die Gegenwart von Sauerstoff nicht zwingend erforderlich ist. Insbesondere wird nicht nur die Entstehung von Metalloxiden (z.B.) "Brauner Rauch") verhindert, sondern auch die Oxidation weiterer im Flüssigmetall enthaltener Stoffe, wie z.B. Schwefel, weitestgehend unterbunden, so daß die Entstehung weiterer unerwünschter Oxide, wie z.B. von SO₂, so weit wie mögliche unterbleibt.Advantageously, with the invention, the smoke gas is generated from the outset in every process step or prevented in any device in which or in which the presence of oxygen is not absolutely necessary. In particular, not only is the formation of metal oxides (eg "brown smoke") prevented, but also the oxidation of other substances contained in the liquid metal, such as sulfur, is largely prevented, so that the formation of further undesirable oxides, such as SO₂, so far as possible is avoided.

Im folgenden werden die Vorteile der Erfindung beim Flüssigmetall-Transport von einem Hochofen zu einem Abgießgefäß erläutert. Entsprechendes gilt selbstverständlich auch für andere metallurgische Geläße und/oder Transportvorrichtungen, die bei der Stahl- und Eisenherstellung eingesetzt werden.The advantages of the invention in liquid metal transport from a blast furnace to a pouring vessel are explained below. The same naturally also applies to other metallurgical vessels and / or transport devices which are used in the production of steel and iron.

Der Begriff "Flüssigmetall" schließt auch die bei metallurgischen Prozessen oft mit auftretende Schlacke mit ein, die in Gemengen oder in getrennten Schichten zusammen mit dem flüssigen Metall auftreten kann.The term "liquid metal" also includes the slag which often occurs in metallurgical processes and which can occur in batches or in separate layers together with the liquid metal.

Bereich der AbstichöffnungArea of the tap opening

Als 1. Maßnahme ist vorgesehen, die unmittelbar an den Abstichöffnungen des metallurgischen Ofens, insbesondere des Hochofens befindlichen Rinnen mit z.B. Hauben abzudecken, in die ein Inertgas eingeleitet wird. Dadurch wird zunächst der Luftzutritt zum flüssigen Metall weitgehend verhindert, ferner wird durch Minimierung des Innenraumes oberhalb des fließenden Flüssigmetalles der theoretisch mögliche Reaktionsraum des Metalles mit dem darüber liegenden Gas sund damit der mögliche Reaktionsumfang erheblich reduziert.The first measure is to cover the channels located directly at the tap openings of the metallurgical furnace, in particular the blast furnace, with hoods, for example, into which an inert gas is introduced. This initially largely prevents air access to the liquid metal, and furthermore, by minimizing the interior space above the flowing liquid metal, the theoretically possible reaction space of the metal with the gas above it and thus the possible scope of the reaction is considerably reduced.

Aus verfahrenstechnischen Gründen müssen die Abdeckhauben im Bereich der Abstichöffnung beweglich, d.h. von der Ablaufrinne weg schwenkbar oder klappbar angeordnet sein. Das Inertisierungsgas kann so eingeleitet werden, daß es gleichzeitig zur Kühlung thermisch hoch beanspruchter Bereiche dienen kann.For procedural reasons, the covers must be movable in the area of the tap opening, i.e. be swiveled or folded away from the gutter. The inerting gas can be introduced in such a way that it can simultaneously serve for cooling areas which are subject to high thermal stress.

TransportierenTransport

Die Abschirmung des Flüssigmetallstromes in den Transportrinnen wird dadurch gelöst, daß die Rinnen durch Hauben abgedeckt werden, wobei die Inertgaseinleitung zur gleichzeitigen Kühlung der Abdeckhauben dient.The shielding of the liquid metal flow in the transport channels is solved in that the channels are covered by hoods, the introduction of inert gas serving to simultaneously cool the hoods.

ÜbergabestelleTransfer point

Einen weiteren Problempunkt stellt die Übergabestelle des Flüssigmetalles von der Transportrinne in die Einlauföffnung des Abgießgefäßes dar. Das von der Transportrinne kommende Metall trifft im freien Fall zunächst auf eine Schwenk- oder Kipprinne, wobei es vorzugsweise über eine Verteilerrinne und eine Auslauföffnung und über diese in das Abgießgefäß, z.B. eine Torpedopfanne oder ein Transportgefäß abfließt. Die Übergabestelle ist durch eine Einhausung nach außen weitgehend gasdicht abgeschirmt, der betreffende Innenraum kann somit wirkungsvoll mit Inertgas, insbesondere Stickstoff, inertisiert werden. Die Einhausung der Übergabestelle minimiert den Raum, der mit Inertgas gespült werden muß, erheblich. Die ansonsten wirtschaftlich nicht vertretbare Druck-Stickkstoff- bzw. Inertgas-Eindüsung wird auf einen kleinen Bereich, nämlich den von dem Ende der Transportrinne bis zur Auslauföffnung in das Abgießgefäß z.B. einer Pfanne oder eines Torpedowagens beschränkt. Aus verfahrenstechnischen Gründen wird die Übergabestation mit einem vorzugsweise verfahrbaren Deckel ausgestattet.Another problem point is the transfer point of the liquid metal from the transport trough into the inlet opening of the pouring vessel. The metal coming from the transport trough first encounters a swivel or tilting trough in free fall, preferably via a distribution trough and an outlet opening and via this into the Drainage vessel, e.g. a torpedo pan or a transport vessel. The transfer point is largely gas-tightly shielded from the outside by a housing, the interior in question can thus be effectively rendered inert with inert gas, in particular nitrogen. The enclosure of the transfer point considerably minimizes the space that has to be purged with inert gas. The otherwise economically unjustifiable pressure nitrogen or inert gas injection is limited to a small area, namely that from the end of the transport trough to the outlet opening into the pouring vessel, for example a pan or a torpedo car. From procedural For reasons, the transfer station is equipped with a preferably movable cover.

Als Besonderheit der Erfindung wird die Schwenk- oder Kipprinne während des Flüssigmetalldurchflusses durch dasselbe Inertgas gekühlt, mit dem auch die Inertisierung in dem durch die Abschirmung gebildeten Innenraum gewährleistet wird. Vorzugsweise wird hierbei das Inertgas unterhalb der Abschirmung gegen die Wandung der Schwenk- oder Kipprinne geblasen. Um den Inertgas-Verbrauch zu senken, soll der Überdruck oberhalb des Flüssigmetallstromes in den Ablaufrinnen, in dem Übergaberaum und in dem Abgießgefäß-Innenraum möglichst klein gehalten werden.As a special feature of the invention, the swivel or tilting channel is cooled during the liquid metal flow through the same inert gas with which the inerting in the interior formed by the shield is also ensured. In this case, the inert gas is preferably blown below the shield against the wall of the swivel or tilting channel. In order to reduce the inert gas consumption, the overpressure above the liquid metal flow in the drainage channels, in the transfer space and in the interior of the pouring vessel should be kept as small as possible.

Ablauf in das AbgießgefäßDrain into the pouring vessel

Der Flüssigmettalablaufstrahl wird nach seinem Austritt aus der Auslauföffnung bis zum Eintritt in das Abgießgefäß durch einen Inertgasmantel vom Luftzutritt abgeschirmt. Dieser Inertgasmantel wird durch eine vorzugsweise ringförmige Ausdüsung von Inertgas unter Druck, vorzugsweise 1,5 bar, geschaffen, so daß sich ein den Flüssigstrahl umhüllender Inertgasschleier ergibt. Prinzipiell wäre es auch möglich, statt des Inertgasschleiers technisch gleichwertige Rohreinläufe bzw. mechanische Abdichtungen zu verwenden. Dabei sind jedoch zumeist "bärige" Ablagerungen an den Einlauföffnungen der Abgießgefäße hinderlich, die ein gasdichtes Aufsetzen des Rohres auf eine solche Einlauföffnung unmöglich machen. Statt des umhüllenden Inertgasschleiers bieten sich somit lediglich metallische Ketten, Streifen oder ähnliches an, die jedoch nachteiligerweise gegeneinander verschiebbar sind und dort insbesondere durch die beim Abguß herrschende Thermik einen luftdichten Abschluß erschweren. Auch hier dient was Inertgas zusätzlich als Kühlmedium für die Auslauföffnung.The liquid metal discharge jet is shielded from the air inlet by an inert gas jacket after it emerges from the outlet opening until it enters the pouring vessel. This inert gas jacket is created by a preferably annular injection of inert gas under pressure, preferably 1.5 bar, so that an inert gas curtain enveloping the liquid jet results. In principle, it would also be possible to use technically equivalent pipe inlets or mechanical seals instead of the inert gas curtain. However, mostly "bearish" deposits at the inlet openings of the pouring vessels are a hindrance, making gas-tight placement of the tube on such an inlet opening impossible. Instead of the enveloping inert gas curtain, only metallic chains, strips or the like are available, which, however, are disadvantageously displaceable relative to one another and there, in particular due to the thermals prevailing during casting, provide an airtight seal complicate. Here, too, what inert gas also serves as a cooling medium for the outlet opening.

AbgießgefäßPouring vessel

Als weitere Maßnahme wird der Abgießgefäß-Innenraum durch Einleiten von Inertgas vorzugsweise durch im Gefäßmantel befindliche Eintrittsöffnungen weitgehend unter Inertgas gehalten, um auch dort eine Metalloxidation zu verhindern. Das aus der Abgießgefäß-Einfüllöffnung für das Flüssigmetall austretende Inertgas unterstützt die beschriebene Abschirmwirkung des ringförmigen Inertgasschleiers für den Flüssigmetall-Strahl. Vorzugsweise soll das Inertisieren des Abgießgefäßes vor dem ersten Einlauf von Flüssigmetall beginnen.As a further measure, the interior of the pouring vessel is largely kept under inert gas by introducing inert gas, preferably through inlet openings in the vessel jacket, in order to prevent metal oxidation there as well. The inert gas emerging from the pouring vessel filling opening for the liquid metal supports the described shielding effect of the ring-shaped inert gas curtain for the liquid metal jet. The inerting of the pouring vessel should preferably begin before the first inlet of liquid metal.

InertgaseInert gases

Als Inertgas können nach der vorliegenden Erfindung entweder Stickstoff oder ein solches Gas verwendet werden, dessen Gehalt an freiem Sauerstoff durch Verbrennen in einer Brennkammer verbraucht ist. Das entstehende nunmehr inerte Abgas, das z.B. durch Verbrennen von Erdgas erzielt werden kann, wird vor Einleitung in die genannten Räume gekühlt.According to the present invention, either nitrogen or a gas whose free oxygen content is consumed by combustion in a combustion chamber can be used as the inert gas. The resulting inert exhaust gas, which e.g. can be achieved by burning natural gas, is cooled before being introduced into the rooms mentioned.

Ziel des Verfahrens bzw. der VorrichtungenPurpose of the method or devices

Geht man davon aus, daß in der Gießhalle z.B. eines Hochofens bei den heute üblichen Entstaubungsverfahren durch Ansaugung des entstehenden Staubes etwa 1,5 kg Staub/t Flüssigmetall anfallen, so kann diese Staubmenge bei der erfindungsgemäßen Staubunterdrückung mindestens auf 0,1 kg/t Flüssigmetall abgesenkt werden. Dies liegt unter der Staubmenge, die bei konventioneller Entstaubung in der Gießhalle erreichbar wäre; zusätzlich können das Absaugen des Staubes und dessen anschließende Entsorgung eingespart werden. Durch Vermeidung der Staubentstehung wird eine Luftreinhaltung ohne Absaugung und aufwendige Nachbehandlung der Stäube erreicht. Kostensparende Nebeneffekte sind dabei die nicht mehr erforderliche Antriebsenergie für die Staubbeseitigung sowie die Lärmminderung.If it is assumed that in the foundry, for example a blast furnace, with the dedusting processes customary today, about 1.5 kg of dust / t of liquid metal are produced by suction of the resulting dust, this amount of dust can be at least 0.1 kg / t of liquid metal in the dust suppression according to the invention be lowered. This is below the amount of dust that would be achievable with conventional dedusting in the casting hall; in addition, the suction of the dust and its subsequent disposal can be saved. Avoiding dust generation ensures that the air is kept clean without extraction and time-consuming post-treatment of the dust. Cost-saving side effects are the drive energy that is no longer required for dust removal and noise reduction.

Die vorbeschriebene Übergabestelle des Flüssigmetalls von der Transportrinne besitzt noch eine relativ großvolumige Einhausung, in der eine Kipp- oder Schwenkrinne angeordnet ist.The above-described transfer point of the liquid metal from the transport trough still has a relatively large-volume housing, in which a tilting or swiveling trough is arranged.

Eine Kipprinne ist eine Rinnenanordnung, bei der das von einer Ablaufrinne kommende Roheisen über eine um eine horizontale Achse kippbare Rinne in verschiedene Abgießgefäße geleitet wird.A tipping trough is a trough arrangement in which the pig iron coming from a trough is directed into various pouring vessels via a trough that can be tilted about a horizontal axis.

Eine Schwenkrinne ist eine Rinnenanordnung, bei der das von einer Ablaufrinne kommende Roheisen auf eine um eine vertikale Achse schwenk- bzw. drehbare Rinne geleitet wird, von der es direkt oder über ein darunter befindliches Verteilersystem aus mehreren Einzelrinnen in die Abgießgefäße geleitet wird.A swivel channel is a channel arrangement in which the pig iron coming from a drain channel is directed onto a channel that can be swiveled or rotated about a vertical axis, from which it is fed directly into the pouring vessels or via a distribution system from several individual channels located underneath.

Entsprechend der Größe dieser Rinnenanordnungen werden zur Inertisierung des betreffenden Einhausungsinnenraumes noch relativ große Mengen Inertgas wie z.B. Stickstoff benötigt. Um diesen Innenraum und damit den Bedarf an Inertgas weiterhin zu minimieren, werden nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung die Kipp- oder Schwenkrinne über ihre jeweiligen Rinnenteillängen unter Bildung eines möglichst kleinen freien, d.h. nicht vom Flüssigmetall durchströmten Innenraumes abgedeckt, wobei die Kipp- oder Schwenkrinne endseitig trichterförmig ausgebildete Auslauföffnungen besitzt, an denen stirnseitig ringförmige Druckgasdüsen oder Druckgasdüsenringe angeordnet sind. Im Prinzip wird damit der Rinnenbereich der Kipp- oder Schwenkrinne ebenso abgedeckt wie die Transport- oder Ablaufrinnen. Die endseitigen trichterförmigen Ausbildungen der Kipp- oder Schwenkrinnen dienen dabei der Befestigung der ringförmigen Druckgasdüsen oder der Druckgasdüsenringe zur Bildung eines Inertgasmantels um den jeweils dort ablaufenden Flüssigmetall-Strahl. Vorzugsweise kann somit auf weitere Halterungen für die ringförmige Düse bzw. den Düsenring verzichtet werden.Depending on the size of these channel arrangements, relatively large amounts of inert gas, such as nitrogen, are still required for inerting the relevant interior of the housing. In order to further minimize this interior space and thus the need for inert gas, according to a further development of the invention, the tilting or swiveling trough is covered over its respective channel part lengths to form the smallest possible free interior space, ie, the liquid metal does not flow through, wherein the tipping or swivel trough has funnel-shaped outlet openings at the end of which annular pressure gas nozzles or pressure gas nozzle rings are arranged. In principle, the channel area of the tipping or swivel channel is covered as well as the transport or drainage channels. The end-side funnel-shaped configurations of the tilting or swiveling channels serve to fasten the annular compressed gas nozzles or the compressed gas nozzle rings to form an inert gas jacket around the liquid metal jet running there. Further holders for the ring-shaped nozzle or the nozzle ring can thus preferably be dispensed with.

Nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung wird zur Schaffung eines im wesentlichen vertikalen Inertgasmantels um den ablaufenden Flüssigmetall-Strahl der Auslauftrichter unter dem Neigungs- oder Kippwinkel der Kipp- oder Schwenkrinne angeordnet, womit der Inertgasmanteldurchmesser minimiert werden kann. Jedenfalls ist die Anordnung dergestatlt, daß die ringförmige Druckdüsenebene bzw. die durch den Druckdüsenring bestimmte Ebene in Ausgießstellung im wesentlichen horizontal liegt.According to a development of the invention, in order to create a substantially vertical inert gas jacket around the flowing liquid metal jet, the outlet funnel is arranged at the angle of inclination or tipping of the tipping or swiveling channel, with which the inert gas jacket diameter can be minimized. In any case, the arrangement is such that the annular pressure nozzle plane or the plane determined by the pressure nozzle ring lies essentially horizontally in the pouring position.

Vorzugsweise bilden der oder die Deckel zusammen mit der Kipp- oder Schwenkrinne ein geschlossenes, weitgehend gasdichtes Gehäuse, das vom Flüssigmetall durchflossen werden kann. Dieser Innenraum wird durch ein geeignetes Gas wie z.B. Stickstoff inertisiert.Preferably, the lid or lids together with the tilting or swiveling channel form a closed, largely gas-tight housing through which liquid metal can flow. This interior is filled with a suitable gas such as Nitrogen inerted.

Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann insbesondere zwecks Reinigungs- oder Reparaturarbeiten der Deckel von der Kipp- oder Schwenkrinne gelöst werden, vorzugsweise ist der Deckel abschwenkbar, z.B. über ein Scharnier, an der Kipp- oder Schwenkrinne befestigt.According to a further embodiment of the invention, the lid can be detached from the tilting or swiveling channel, in particular for cleaning or repair work, preferably the lid can be swiveled, for example attached to the tipping or swivel trough via a hinge.

Befindet sich die Übergabestelle des Flüssigmetalls von der Transportrinne in die Einlauföffnung in einer Grube, so bietet sich insbesondere zur Nachrüstung betreffender Übergasbestellen folgende Lösung an.If the transfer point of the liquid metal from the transport trough into the inlet opening is in a pit, the following solution is particularly suitable for retrofitting relevant gas orders.

Um die Schwenkrinne bzw. Kipprinnen zu reparieren oder zu säubern oder um den Übergabetrichter zu erneuern, wird nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, daß aus einem stationären Unterteil und dem Deckel bestehende Gehäuse der Übergabestation mit einem verschiebbaren Oberteil zu versehen, welches größere Demontagearbeiten zu vermeiden hilft. Hierdurch werden relativ lange Ausfallzeiten, die auf Kosten der Produktivität der gesamten Vorrichtung gehen, vermieden.In order to repair or clean the swivel trough or tipping troughs or to renew the transfer funnel, it is proposed according to a development of the invention that the housing of the transfer station consisting of a stationary lower part and the cover is to be provided with a displaceable upper part which prevents major dismantling work helps. This avoids relatively long downtimes, which are at the expense of the productivity of the entire device.

Vorzugsweise besteht das Oberteil der Einhausung aus einem Rahmengestell mit mindestens drei Rädern und einem Deckel. Die Verfahrbarkeit des Oberteils auf Rädern erspart den ansonsten erforderlichen Einsatz von entsprechend belastbaren Hubzeugen und minimiert den erforderlichen Kraneinsatzt erheblich.The upper part of the housing preferably consists of a frame with at least three wheels and a cover. The movability of the upper part on wheels saves the otherwise necessary use of appropriately resilient lifting equipment and considerably minimizes the required use of cranes.

Nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist das stationäre Unterteil der Einhausung als Begrenzung einer Grube angeordnet, und besitzt seitliche Fahrschienen für zwei der Räder des Rahmengestells des Oberteils. In dieser Grube befinden sich die Schwenk- oder Kipprinne und die Übergabetrichter. Durch die Verfahrbarkeit des Oberteils, d.h. des Rahmengestells und des Deckels ist es nicht mehr erforderlich, das stationäre Unterteil für Inspektionsarbeiten an einer der Stirnseiten mit Schwenkflügeltüren oder ähnlichen verschließbaren Öffnungen zu versehen. Die Begehung kann nach dem Öffnen, d.h. Verfahren des Deckels über die Begrenzung des stationären Unterteils erfolgen.According to a development of the invention, the stationary lower part of the housing is arranged as a boundary of a pit, and has side rails for two of the wheels of the frame of the upper part. The swiveling or tipping channel and the transfer funnel are located in this pit. Due to the movability of the upper part, ie the frame and the cover, it is no longer necessary to have the stationary lower part on one of the end faces for inspection work Swing doors or similar closable openings. The inspection can take place after opening, ie moving the lid over the boundary of the stationary lower part.

Nach der beschriebenen Ausgestaltung ist es möglich, den Rahmen sowohl auf einer Drei- als auch auf einer Vierpunktlagerung zu stützen. Um jedoch lange Fahrschienen beidseitig der Grube einzusparen, wird vorzugsweise das Rahmengestell auf drei Rädern horizontal verfahrbar gelagert, wobei zwei Räder auf den seitlich der Grube angeordneten Fahrschienen laufen, das dritte Rad läuft auf einer parallel und zu den seitlich angeordneten Fahrschienen versetzt angeordneten Fahrschiene, die bis zu einer Stirnseite der Grube führt. Dies erspart einen Schienenstrang etwa der Länge, welche die Grube aufweist. Zur Freilegung der Grube und um die Schwenkrinne sowie die Übergabetrichter zugänglich zu machen, wird das Rahmengestell einschließlich Deckel in entsprechender Weise über die Stirnseite der Grube hinweggleitend verfahren. Der seitlich der Grube benötigte Platz sowie die Länge der dritten Fahrschiene sind entsprechend der Länge des Rahmens bzw. der Grube zu wählen.According to the configuration described, it is possible to support the frame on both three and four-point bearings. However, in order to save long rails on both sides of the pit, the frame is preferably mounted so that it can be moved horizontally on three wheels, two wheels running on the rails arranged on the side of the pit, the third wheel running on a rail parallel to and offset from the laterally arranged rails leads to one end of the pit. This saves a rail track about the length of the pit. To expose the pit and to make the swivel trough and the transfer funnel accessible, the frame including the cover is moved in a corresponding manner over the face of the pit. The space required to the side of the pit and the length of the third track are to be selected according to the length of the frame or the pit.

Vorzugsweise ist der Deckel aus Stabilitätsgründen dachförmig, d.h. im Querschnitt im wesentlichen dreieckförmig, und vom Rahmen lösbar ausgebildet.For reasons of stability, the lid is preferably roof-shaped, i.e. in cross-section essentially triangular, and detachable from the frame.

Weiterhin vorzugsweise ist der Deckel mit einer Dichtleiste versehen, die den Spalt zwischen dem Deckel und dem Gehäuseunterteil verschließt. Hierdurch wird die Dichtigkeit des geschlossenen Gehäuses wesentlich erhöht.Furthermore, the cover is preferably provided with a sealing strip which closes the gap between the cover and the lower housing part. This significantly increases the tightness of the closed housing.

Schwenk-Hub-Vorrichtungen für die AbdeckhaubenSwivel-lifting devices for the covers

Nach Installation der Transport- und Ablaufrinnen benötigt man Schwenk-Hub-Vorrichtungen, die es ermöglichen, von einem Sandbett die etwa 12 t schweren Abdeckhauben aufzunehmen und ohne Beschädigung des Hochofensgerüstes, d.h. unter sicherer Führung auf die Transport- und Ablaufrinnen aufzusetzen. Hierzu wird eine Schwenk-Hub-Vorrichtung vorgeschlagen, die eine seitlich der Abstichöffnung angeordnete um ihre Längsachse drehbare vertikale Säule mit einem Auslegearm aufweist, an dessen freiem Ende die Hubvorrichtung mit einer Aufnahmevorrichtung für Abdeckhauben angeordnet ist.After installation of the transport and drainage channels, swivel-lifting devices are required, which make it possible to pick up the cover hoods weighing about 12 t from a sand bed and without damaging the blast furnace scaffold, i.e. to be placed on the transport and drainage channels under safe guidance. For this purpose, a swivel-lifting device is proposed, which has a vertical column, which is arranged to the side of the tap opening and can be rotated about its longitudinal axis, with a cantilever arm, at the free end of which the lifting device with a holding device for cover hoods is arranged.

Vorzugsweise wird zur Erhöhung der Beweglichkeit der gesamten Schwenk-Hub-Vorrichtung die Aufnahmevorrichtung für die Abdeckhauben gegenüber der Hubvorrichtung um eine vertikale Achse drehbar gestaltet. Dies kann insbesondere dadurch geschehen, daß die Aufnahmevorrichtung über eine Kugeldrehverbindung mit der Hubvorrichtung verbunden ist und über eine Triebstockverzahnung angetrieben wird.In order to increase the mobility of the entire swivel-lifting device, the receiving device for the cover hoods is preferably designed to be rotatable about a vertical axis relative to the lifting device. This can be done in particular in that the receiving device is connected to the lifting device by means of a rotary ball connection and is driven by a gear rack toothing.

Die Aufnahmevorrichtung besitzt vorzugsweise Befestigungselemente, die ein momentenfreies Absetzen und Aufnahmen der Abdeckhauben auf bzw. von unebenem Grund, insbesondere einem Sandbett, ermöglichen. Hierfür eignen sich als Befestigungselemente beispielsweise Schäkel.The receiving device preferably has fastening elements which allow the cover hoods to be set down and received on or from uneven ground, in particular a sand bed, without torque. Shackles, for example, are suitable as fastening elements for this.

Jedoch soll die Hubvorrichtung eine zur Aufnahme von einseitigen Momenten bei ungleichmäßiger Belastung drehmomentenstabile Führung aufweisen, damit ein "Kippen" der Abdeckhauben vermieden werden kann, etwa dann, wenn diese an einer Seite bärige Ablagerungen aufweisen.However, the lifting device should have a torque-stable guide for absorbing unilateral moments with uneven loading, so that "tilting" of the cover hoods can be avoided, for example, if they have bearded deposits on one side.

Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die Hubvorrichtung über einen Seilzug, vorzugsweise Flaschenseilzug, heb- und senkbar, wobei weiterhin vorzugsweise die Seilführung über eine Tellerfederanordnung am Befestigungspunkt (Festpunkt) elastisch gelagert ist.According to a further embodiment of the invention, the lifting device can be raised and lowered via a cable pull, preferably a bottle cable pull, wherein the cable guide is preferably elastically mounted at the attachment point (fixed point) via a plate spring arrangement.

Die Drehbeweglichkeit der vertikalen Säule wird ebenfalls über einen Triebstockantrieb herbeigeführt. Zur Überwachung der momentanen Bewegungsabläufe bzw. Stellungen der vertikalen Säule und/oder der Hubvorrichtung werden vorzugsweise Kopierwerke eingesetzt.The rotational mobility of the vertical column is also brought about by a rack drive. Copying units are preferably used to monitor the current movement sequences or positions of the vertical column and / or the lifting device.

Für den Fall, daß die Hubvorrichtung ständig mit der betreffenden Abdeckhaube für die Ablaufrinne am Abstichloch verbunden ist, empfiehlt es sich weiterhin, an der Hubvorrichtung eine Inert-Gas-Rohrleitung mit Rohrdrehgelenken zu befestigen, wobei vorzugsweise das freie Ende der Rohrleitung einen Teil einer schnell lösbaren Kupplung zum Ankuppeln an die mit dem korrespondierenden Teil ausgestattete Abdeckhaube aufweist. Sollen die Abdeckhauben gekühlt werden, so empfiehlt es sich in entsprechender Weise eine Rohrleitung für die Kühlmediumführung vorzusehen.In the event that the lifting device is permanently connected to the relevant cover for the gutter at the tap hole, it is also advisable to attach an inert gas pipe with pipe swivel joints to the lifting device, preferably the free end of the pipe being part of a fast Detachable coupling for coupling to the hood equipped with the corresponding part. If the covers are to be cooled, it is advisable to provide a pipeline for the coolant supply in a corresponding manner.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt.Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Darstellung eines Hochofens mit drei Abstichlöchern und einer entsprechenden Zahl von Ablaufrinnen zu einer Übergabestation,
Fig. 2
eine Querschnittsansicht entlang der Längsmittelachse der Grube mit einem verfahrbaren Oberteil,
Fig. 3
eine Draufsicht auf das Gehäuse nach Fig. 2 in halbgeöffneter Stellung,
Fig. 4
eine Kipprinne im Querschnitt,
Fig. 5
eine Draufsicht auf eine Kipprinne,
Fig. 6
eine Seitenansicht und
Fig. 7
eine Draufsicht auf eine Schwenk-Hub-Vorrichtung.
Show it:
Fig. 1
1 shows a schematic representation of a blast furnace with three tap holes and a corresponding number of drainage channels to a transfer station,
Fig. 2
2 shows a cross-sectional view along the longitudinal central axis of the pit with a movable upper part,
Fig. 3
2 in a half-open position,
Fig. 4
a tipping trough in cross section,
Fig. 5
a top view of a tipping trough,
Fig. 6
a side view and
Fig. 7
a plan view of a swivel lifting device.

Der in Fig. 1 dargestellte Hochofen 10 besitzt drei Abstichlöcher 11, 12 und 13, von denen Ablaufrinnen 14, 15 und 16 zu jeweiligen Übergabestationen 17, 18 und 19 führen, unterhalb denen jeweils verfahrbare Abgießgefäße 20 und 21 (Fig. 2) zur Flüssigmetallaufnahme angeordnet sind.The blast furnace 10 shown in Fig. 1 has three tap holes 11, 12 and 13, of which drain channels 14, 15 and 16 lead to respective transfer stations 17, 18 and 19, below which each movable pouring vessels 20 and 21 (Fig. 2) for receiving liquid metal are arranged.

Ein wesentliches Merkmal der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung im Abstichbereich sind die mit Inertgas beaufschlagbaren Abdeckhauben 22, 23 und 24, die im Bereich des jeweiligen Abstichloches 11 bis 13 mit Hilfe der Schwenkvorrichtungen 25, 26 und 27 schwenkbar angeordnet sind.An essential feature of the device according to the invention in the tapping area are the cover hoods 22, 23 and 24 to which inert gas can be applied, which in the area of the respective tapping hole 11 to 13 with the aid of the Swivel devices 25, 26 and 27 are arranged pivotably.

In den jeweils abgedeckten und inertisierten Ablaufrinnen 14, 15 und 16 wird das Roheisen zu den betreffenden Übergabestationen 17, 18 und 19 geführt.The pig iron is guided to the relevant transfer stations 17, 18 and 19 in the respectively covered and inertized drainage channels 14, 15 and 16.

Innerhalb der Übergabestationen 17, 18 und 19 läuft das Flüssigmetall von den Ablaufrinnen vorzugsweise auf Schwenkrinnen 28, 29 und 30, die weiterhin vorzugsweise seitlich durch Anströmung mit dem Inertisierungsgas gekühlt werden. Das Flüssigmetall wird vorzugsweise über Verteilerrinnen 31 und 32 (Fig. 2) zu den jeweiligen Auslauföffnungen 33 und 34 geleitet. Die gesamten Übergabestationen sind mit Gehäusen 35 und 36 ummantelt; die Deckelkonstruktion 36, auf die später noch eingegangen wird, ist horizontal verfahrbar.Within the transfer stations 17, 18 and 19, the liquid metal preferably runs from the drainage channels to swivel channels 28, 29 and 30, which are furthermore preferably cooled laterally by the flow of the inerting gas. The liquid metal is preferably conducted via distributor channels 31 and 32 (FIG. 2) to the respective outlet openings 33 and 34. The entire transfer stations are encased in housings 35 and 36; the lid structure 36, which will be discussed later, can be moved horizontally.

Der Flüssigmetallstrahl 37 tritt unterhalb der Gießbühne aus der Auslauföffnung 33 aus, die von der ringförmigen Düse 38 umschlossen wird. Diese umüllt den Flüssigmetall-Strahl mit dem Inertgasschleier 39 bis zum Eintritt in die obere Öffnung 40 der Abgießgefäße 20 bzw. 21.The liquid metal jet 37 emerges below the casting platform from the outlet opening 33, which is surrounded by the annular nozzle 38. This envelops the liquid metal jet with the inert gas curtain 39 until it enters the upper opening 40 of the pouring vessels 20 or 21.

Der Innenraum des Abgießgefäßes wird vor und während des Füllens durch vorzugsweise eine oder mehrere im Gefäßmantel befindliche Eintrittsöffnungen 41 bzw. 42 mit Inertgas beaufschlagt.The interior of the pouring vessel is subjected to inert gas before and during the filling through preferably one or more inlet openings 41 or 42 located in the vessel jacket.

Sämtliche Gasdüsen sind an Gaszuführungssysteme 43, 44, 45 angeschlossen und werden über Druckventile 46, 47 und 48 mit Stickstoff gespeist.All gas nozzles are connected to gas supply systems 43, 44, 45 and are supplied with nitrogen via pressure valves 46, 47 and 48.

Das erfinderische Prinzip ist ebenso bei sogenannten Kipprinnen verwendbar, bei denen es erforderlich ist, die Kipprinne vorzugsweise einzuhausen oder selbst abzudecken, worauf später noch eingegangen wird, und den Gehäuseinnenraum unter weitgehend inerter Atmosphäre mit leichtem Überdruck zu halten. Gleichfalls ist das erfinderische Prinzip bei Schlacken-Transportrinnen anwendbar.The inventive principle can also be used in so-called tilting gutters, in which it is necessary to preferably house or cover the tilting gutter, which will be discussed later, and to keep the interior of the housing under a largely inert atmosphere with a slight excess pressure. The inventive principle can also be used in slag transport channels.

Die Schwenkrinne 29 und die Verteilerrinnen 31 und 32 befinden sich innerhalb einer Grube 52, die beidseitig von Fahrschienen 53 und 54 begrenzt ist. Eine dritte Schiene 55 ist parallel zu den genannten Fahrschienen 53 und 54 von der Stirnseite 52' der Grube aus angeordnet. Auf den erwähnten Fahrschienen 53 bis 55 wird über Räder 49 bis 51 das aus einem Rahmengestell 35 und einem Deckel 36 bestehende Oberteil verfahrbar gelagert. Die Schiene 55 ist im Gießhallenflur 56 eingelassen. Die Schienen 53 und 54 sind auf dem unterteil der Einhausung der Grube 52 angeordnet. Der Deckel 36 ist ferner mit einer Dichtleiste 57 versehen, die den Spalt 58 zwischen dem Deckel 36 und dem stationären Unterteil 59 verschließt.The swivel channel 29 and the distribution channels 31 and 32 are located within a pit 52 which is delimited on both sides by rails 53 and 54. A third rail 55 is arranged parallel to the above-mentioned rails 53 and 54 from the end face 52 'of the pit. The upper part consisting of a frame 35 and a cover 36 is movably supported on the above-mentioned rails 53 to 55 via wheels 49 to 51. The rail 55 is embedded in the casting hall 56. The rails 53 and 54 are arranged on the lower part of the housing of the pit 52. The cover 36 is also provided with a sealing strip 57 which closes the gap 58 between the cover 36 and the stationary lower part 59.

Verwendet man anstelle der Schwenkrinnen 28 bis 30, die von einem geschlossenen Gehäuse 35 und 36 ummantelt sind, eine in den Figuren 4 und 5 dargestellte Kipprinne 60, so kann auf das vorgenannte Gehäuse verzichtet werden. Die Kipprinne 60 besitzt endseitig Auslauftrichter 61 und 62, an deren Stirnseite jeweils ein Druckgasdüsenring 63, 64 angeordnet ist. Unter der Voraussetzung, daß die Kipprinne 60 in die Auslaufstellung durch Absenkung um den Winkel α gekippt werden muß, ist auch der Auslaufkanal 65 mit der Kanallängsachse 655 unter demselben Winkel α in bezug auf die Kipprinnenvertikale angeordnet. Dies bedeutet, daß der Druckgasdüsenring 63 bzw. 64 in Auslaufstellung horizontal liegt (s. Figur 4, linke Seite). Die Kipprinne 60 ist durch einen oder mehrere Deckel 67 unter Bildung eines möglichst kleinen Innenraumes 68 abgedeckt. Die Deckel 67 sind lösbar, vorzugsweise schwenkbar an der Kipprinne 60 befestigt. Zur Inertisierung des Innenraums 68 oberhalb des nicht dargestellten Flüssigmetallspiegels in der Kipprinne sind an der Deckelunterseite ein oder mehrere Inertgasdüsen 69 vorgesehen. Die Inertgasdüsen 69 können ebenso wie die Druckgaszufuhr 66 von einer zentralen Steuerung versorgt werden.If, instead of the swivel channels 28 to 30, which are encased by a closed housing 35 and 36, a tilting channel 60 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is used, the aforementioned housing can be dispensed with. The tipping channel 60 has outlet funnels 61 and 62 at the end, on the end face of which a compressed gas nozzle ring 63, 64 is arranged. Provided that the tipping channel 60 must be tilted into the outlet position by lowering it by the angle α, the outlet channel 65 with the channel longitudinal axis 655 is also arranged at the same angle α with respect to the vertical trough. This means that the compressed gas nozzle ring 63 or 64 is horizontal in the outlet position (see FIG. 4, left side). The tipping channel 60 is covered by one or more covers 67 to form the smallest possible interior 68. The covers 67 are detachably, preferably pivotally attached to the tipping channel 60. One or more inert gas nozzles 69 are provided on the underside of the lid for inerting the interior 68 above the liquid metal level in the tilting channel, which is not shown. The inert gas nozzles 69, like the compressed gas supply 66, can be supplied by a central control.

Die in den Figuren 6 und 7 dargestellte Schwenk-Hub-Vorrichtung besteht im wesentlichen aus einer vertikal angeordneten Säule 80, die um ihre Längsachse 81 drehbar ist. Diese Säule befindet sich seitlich der Abstichsöffnung eines nicht dargestellten Hochofens. Diese Säule besitzt einen Auslegearm 82, an dessen freien Ende 82a eine Hubvorrichtung 73 angeordnet ist, die im vorliegenden Fall aus einem Flaschenzug besteht. Die Hubvorrichtung dient zum Heben und Senken einer Aufnahmevorrichtung 74 für eine Abdeckhaube 75. Diese Aufnahmevorrichtung 74 ist mit der Hubvorrichtung 73 über eine Kugel-Drehverbindung 74a verbunden und wird über eine Triebstockverzahnung angetrieben. Um ein momentenfreies Absetzen und Aufnahmen der Abdeckhauben 75 auf dem Boden, beispielsweise aus Sand, zu ermöglichen, sind als Befestigungselemente für die Abdeckhaube 75 Schäkel 77 vorgesehen. Im übrigen ist die Hubvorrichtung 73 drehmomentenstabil, so daß selbst für den Fall, daß die Abdeckhaube an seiner Seite bärige Ablängerungen auweist, die deren Gewicht dort erheblich erhöhen, kein Kippen der Abdeckhaube stattfindet. Über die Kugel-Drehverbindung 74a und den Triebstockantrieb kann die Abdeckhaube in jede Winkellage in einer Horizontalebene gebracht werden (Drehung um die vertikale Achse 76). Eine weitere Drehmöglichkeit um die Längsachse 81 der Säule besteht mittelt des Triebstockantriebes 78 für die vertikale Säule 80. Da für jedes Abstichloch eine Schwenk-Hub-Vorrichtung vorgesehen ist, empfiehlt es sich schließlich, die Inert-Gas-/Kühlmittelleitung als kombinierte Rohrleitung 79 mit der Vorrichtung zu verbinden. Diese Rohrleitung 79 besitzt Rohrdrehgelenke 79a.The swivel-lifting device shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 essentially consists of a vertically arranged column 80 which can be rotated about its longitudinal axis 81. This column is located on the side of the tap opening of a blast furnace, not shown. This column has a cantilever arm 82, at the free end 82a of which a lifting device 73 is arranged, which in the present case consists of a block and tackle. The lifting device serves for lifting and lowering a receiving device 74 for a cover 75. This receiving device 74 is connected to the lifting device 73 via a ball-and-socket connection 74a and is driven via a gear rack toothing. In order to enable torque-free depositing and receiving of the cover hoods 75 on the floor, for example made of sand, 75 shackles 77 are provided as fastening elements for the cover hood. In addition, the lifting device 73 is torque-stable, so that even in the event that the cover has bearish extensions on its side, which considerably increase its weight there, there is no tilting of the cover hood. The cover hood can be brought into any angular position in a horizontal plane (rotation about the vertical axis 76) via the ball pivot connection 74a and the drive train drive. A further possibility of rotation about the longitudinal axis 81 of the column is by means of the drive shaft drive 78 for the vertical column 80. Since a pivoting-lifting device is provided for each tap hole, it is finally advisable to include the inert gas / coolant line as a combined pipeline 79 to connect the device. This pipe 79 has pipe swivel joints 79a.

Claims (37)

  1. Process for preventing the formation of flue gases in metallurgical processes and during the transport of liquid metal from a metallurgical vessel, in particular metallurgical furnaces such as a blast furnace, to casting vessels, in which
    a) with the exception of the process step in which the presence of oxygen is deliberately adjusted for reasons of process technology, the metallurgical vessels and/or transporting apparatus used for tapping or transporting, in particular the drainage runners guiding the liquid metal from the tap opening in the metallurgical furnace, are covered, with the formation of a free interior space whereof the volume is as small as possible and which is not filled by the liquid metal and/or flowed through thereby,
    b) the delivery point at which the liquid metal is passed on from one container or a transporting apparatus to the next container or next transporting apparatus, in particular the delivery point of the liquid metal from the transporting and drainage runner to a casting vessel, is screened off in substantially gas-tight manner,
    c) both the free interior space of the covered drainage runners and the interior of the delivery point, screened off in substantially gas-tight manner, and the casting vessel interior are flushed with inert gas, and
    d) the liquid metal drainage jet is additionally screened off from the discharge opening as far as the receiving vessel (casting vessel) by a pressurized inert gas shroud which prevents the access of air and is of substantially ring-shaped cross-section.
  2. Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the covering of the metallurgical vessels and/or of the transporting apparatus, the screen of the transporting and drainage runner and/or of the swivel or rocking runner at the delivery point are/is cooled during the throughflow of the liquid metal.
  3. Process according to Claim 2, characterized in that the inert gas is used as a coolant.
  4. Process according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the ring-shaped inert gas shroud is produced by ejecting from a nozzle inert gas in a preferably ring-shaped shape at a pressure of preferably 1.5 bar.
  5. Process according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that nitrogen or a gas whereof the free oxygen content is consumed by burning in a combustion chamber and which is subsequently cooled is used.
  6. Process according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the inert gas pressure in the metallurgical vessels and/or transporting apparatus, in particular above the transporting and drainage runner, at the delivery point and in the casting vessel interior is set preferably between 10 and 100 Pa above external pressure.
  7. Apparatus for carrying out the process according to one of Claims 1 to 6, which comprises at least one transporting and drainage runner, which is installed at a tap opening in the metallurgical furnace, and a delivery station having a swivel or rocking runner in which the liquid metal runs from the drainage runner via a distributor system into outlet openings from which it drains into a preferably movable casting vessel, in which
    a) each vessel used for tapping or transporting, and/or each transporting and drainage runner (14-16) has over its entire length one or more cover hood(s) (22-24) which form(s) an interior space which is as small as possible and is free, i.e. one which is not flowed through by the liquid metal,
    b) the delivery stations (17-19), including the outlet openings (33, 34), are screened off in substantially gas-tight manner,
    c) there is or are arranged above the liquid metal jet (37) which is being formed from the outlet opening (33, 34) to the casting vessel inlet opening (40) one ring-shaped or a plurality, forming a ring, of pressurized gas nozzles (38), the inert gas flowing out of the pressurized gas nozzles (38) forming a vertical ring-shaped inert gas shroud (39) around the liquid metal jet (37), and
    d) gas nozzles are provided in the vessel, the cover hoods (22-24) in the delivery station housing (35, 36) and in the casting vessel (20, 21).
  8. Apparatus according to Claim 7, characterized in that the gas nozzles for each liquid metal transporting arrangement associated with a tap opening are connected to gas supply systems (43-45), and in that the issue of inert gas is regulable by means of incorporated pressurized valves (46-48).
  9. Apparatus according to one of Claims 7 or 8, characterized in that the cover hoods (22-24) may be pivoted away from the transporting and drainage runners (14-16).
  10. Apparatus according to one of Claims 7 or 8, characterized in that the delivery stations (17-19) have movable, preferably traversable covers (36).
  11. Apparatus according to one of Claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the delivery station (17-19), including the outlet openings (33, 34), are substantially screened off by a closed housing.
  12. Apparatus according to Claim 11, characterized in that the closed housing of the delivery station is constructed such that the rocking or swivel runner (60) is covered over its entire runner length by one or more covers (67), with the formation of an interior space which is as small as possible and is free, i.e. one which is not flowed through by the liquid metal, and the rocking or swivel runner (60) has(have) one or more outlet opening(s) (61, 62), and has(have) at the outlet funnels (61, 62) a pressurized gas nozzle arranged in the shape of a ring or a pressurized gas nozzle ring (63, 64).
  13. Apparatus according to Claim 12, characterized in that the outlet funnel (61, 62) and the ring-shaped nozzle or the pressurized gas nozzle ring (63, 64) are arranged such that the runner longitudinal axis (655) of the outlet funnel (61, 62) and the surface of the inert gas shroud produced by the ring-shaped pressurized gas nozzle or the pressurized gas nozzle ring (63, 64) are substantially vertical in the casting position.
  14. Apparatus according to Claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the free interior space determined by the swivel or rocking runner (60) and the cover or covers (67) is outwardly closed off in substantially gas-tight manner.
  15. Apparatus according to Claim 14, characterized in that one or more nozzles (69) for an inert gas inlet are arranged on the cover (67) or the rocking or swivel runner (60).
  16. Apparatus according to one of Claims 12 to 15, characterized in that the cover or covers (67) are detachably secured to the swivel or rocking runner (60).
  17. Apparatus according to Claim 16, characterized in that the cover or covers are secured to the swivel or rocking runner (60) such that they can be swivelled away therefrom.
  18. Apparatus according to one of Claims 12 to 17, characterized in that the outlet funnels (61, 62) are secured detachably or exchangeably to the rocking runner (60).
  19. Apparatus according to one of Claims 12 to 18, characterized in that the transitions (70) from the drainage runners (71) to the movable rocking or swivel runners (60), along with their covers (67), are provided with suitable seals (72), preferably gap seals or abrasive seals.
  20. Apparatus according to one of Claims 7 to 19, characterized in that the substantially gas-tight housing of the delivery station (17, 18, 19) comprising the stationary part (59) and the cover (36) has a displaceable upper part.
  21. Apparatus according to Claim 20, characterized in that the upper part comprises a frame mount (35) having at least three wheels (49 to 51) and a cover (36).
  22. Apparatus according to Claim 21, characterized in that the stationary lower part (59) has on the longitudinal sides rails (53, 54) for the wheels (49, 50).
  23. Apparatus according to Claim 21 or 22, characterized in that the frame mount (35) is horizontally traversable on three wheels (49 to 51), two wheels (49, 50) running on the two lateral rails (53, 54) of the stationary lower part (59) and the third wheel (51) running on a further rail (55) which leads to an end side (52') of the cavity (52) and is arranged parallel to and offset with respect to the laterally arranged rails (53, 54).
  24. Apparatus according to one of Claims 20 to 23, characterized in that the cover (36) is of substantially roof-shaped cross-section and is constructed to be detachable from the frame mount (35).
  25. Apparatus according to one of Claims 20 to 24, characterized in that the cover is provided with a sealing strip (57) which seals the gap (58) between the cover (36) and the stationary lower part (59).
  26. Apparatus according to one of Claims 7 to 25, characterized in that a vertical column (80) which is arranged to the side of the tap opening and which is rotatable about its longitudinal axis (81) has an extension arm (82) on the free end (82a) of which a lifting apparatus (73) having a receiving apparatus (74) for cover hoods (75) is arranged.
  27. Apparatus according to Claim 26, characterized in that the receiving apparatus (74) is rotatable with respect to the lifting apparatus (73) about a vertical axis (76).
  28. Swivel lifting apparatus according to Claim 27, characterized in that the receiving apparatus (74) is connected by way of a ball rotary connection (74a) to the lifting apparatus (73).
  29. Apparatus according to Claim 27 or 28, characterized in that the receiving apparatus (74) may be driven by way of a lantern gear.
  30. Apparatus according to one of Claims 26 to 29, characterized in that the receiving apparatus (74) has securing elements (77) which enable the cover hoods (75) to be put on and taken off on or from uneven ground in moment-free manner.
  31. Apparatus according to one of Claims 26 to 30, characterized by shackles (77) as securing elements.
  32. Apparatus according to one of Claims 26 to 31, characterized in that the lifting apparatus (73) has a guide for receiving one-sided moments, having a stable turning moment in the event of uneven load.
  33. Apparatus according to one of Claims 26 to 32, characterized in that the lifting apparatus may be lifted and lowered by way of a cable pull, preferably a block-type cable pull (73).
  34. Apparatus according to Claim 33, characterized in that the cable guide (73) is resiliently mounted at the securing point by way of a disc spring arrangement.
  35. Apparatus according to one of Claims 26 to 34, characterized in that the vertical column (80) may be driven rotatably by way of a lantern drive (78).
  36. Apparatus according to one of Claims 26 to 35, characterized by copying mechanisms for monitoring the current movement sequences or positions of the vertical column (80) and/or of the lifting apparatus (73).
  37. Apparatus according to one of Claims 26 to 36, characterized in that there is secured to the swivel lifting apparatus an inert gas pipeline and if necessary possibly an additional coolant line, preferably a water line, having pipe rotary joints, preferably the free end of the pipeline having a part of a rapidly detachable coupling for coupling to the cover hood equipped with the corresponding part.
EP90900762A 1989-02-06 1989-12-20 Process for preventing the formation of flue gases in metallurgical processes and during the transport of molten metal from a metallurgical vessel to casting vessels and device for transporting molten metals from a metallurgical furnace to a casting vessel Expired - Lifetime EP0456641B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90900762T ATE89865T1 (en) 1989-02-06 1989-12-20 METHOD OF PREVENTING THE PRODUCTION OF FLUE GASES IN METALLURGICAL PROCESSES AND WHEN TRANSPORTING LIQUID METAL FROM METALLURGICAL VESSEL TO CASTING VESSELS AND DEVICE FOR TRANSPORTING LIQUID METAL FROM METALLURGICAL FURNACE TO CASTING VESSEL.

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3903444 1989-02-06
DE3903444A DE3903444C1 (en) 1989-02-06 1989-02-06 Method and apparatus for transporting liquid metal from a metallurgical furnace to a casting vessel
DE3929328 1989-09-04
DE3929328A DE3929328A1 (en) 1989-09-04 1989-09-04 Appts. to prevent flue gas formation in metallurgical process
DE3930729A DE3930729A1 (en) 1989-02-06 1989-09-14 Appts. to prevent flue gas formation in metallurgical process
DE3930729 1989-09-14
DE3933894 1989-10-11
DE19893933894 DE3933894A1 (en) 1989-02-06 1989-10-11 Appts. to prevent flue gas formation in metallurgical process

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0456641A1 EP0456641A1 (en) 1991-11-21
EP0456641B1 true EP0456641B1 (en) 1993-05-26

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EP90900762A Expired - Lifetime EP0456641B1 (en) 1989-02-06 1989-12-20 Process for preventing the formation of flue gases in metallurgical processes and during the transport of molten metal from a metallurgical vessel to casting vessels and device for transporting molten metals from a metallurgical furnace to a casting vessel

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US (1) US5246485A (en)
EP (1) EP0456641B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH04504443A (en)
KR (1) KR950003158B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE89865T1 (en)
AU (1) AU642636B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8907878A (en)
CA (1) CA2009309A1 (en)
CS (1) CS30390A3 (en)
DE (1) DE58904532D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2049020T3 (en)
FI (1) FI96324C (en)
HU (2) HUT58004A (en)
MX (1) MX173367B (en)
WO (1) WO1990008842A1 (en)

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US4355788A (en) * 1980-03-24 1982-10-26 Bate Micheal D Hot metal runner system with air pollution controls
US4357003A (en) * 1980-09-24 1982-11-02 Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation Blast furnace cast house pollutant suppression
GB2095805B (en) * 1981-03-27 1984-09-26 Boswell Alexander Bruce Ducting for drying grain
EP0071359A1 (en) * 1981-07-23 1983-02-09 Uss Engineers And Consultants, Inc. Methods and apparatus for molten metal fume supression
US4486230A (en) * 1981-07-23 1984-12-04 United States Steel Corporation Method for suppressing fume from a metal pouring operation
LU86648A1 (en) * 1986-11-06 1988-06-13 Wurth Paul Sa EVACUATION SYSTEM FOR EMANATIONS IN THE TAPPING HOLE AREA OF SHAFT OVENS

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US5246485A (en) 1993-09-21
BR8907878A (en) 1992-04-14
ATE89865T1 (en) 1993-06-15
AU4815190A (en) 1990-08-24
KR910700356A (en) 1991-03-14
FI96324C (en) 1996-06-10
HUT58004A (en) 1992-01-28
FI96324B (en) 1996-02-29
ES2049020T3 (en) 1994-04-01
CS30390A3 (en) 1992-02-19
JPH04504443A (en) 1992-08-06
MX173367B (en) 1994-02-23
WO1990008842A1 (en) 1990-08-09
KR950003158B1 (en) 1995-04-01
DE58904532D1 (en) 1993-07-01
FI913720A0 (en) 1991-08-05
CA2009309A1 (en) 1990-08-06
EP0456641A1 (en) 1991-11-21
AU642636B2 (en) 1993-10-28
HU210769B (en) 1995-07-28

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