EP0453477A1 - Purificateur de gaz comprime - Google Patents
Purificateur de gaz comprimeInfo
- Publication number
- EP0453477A1 EP0453477A1 EP19900901849 EP90901849A EP0453477A1 EP 0453477 A1 EP0453477 A1 EP 0453477A1 EP 19900901849 EP19900901849 EP 19900901849 EP 90901849 A EP90901849 A EP 90901849A EP 0453477 A1 EP0453477 A1 EP 0453477A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- purge
- inlet
- unit
- valve means
- compressed gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 102
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 39
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 11
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009429 electrical wiring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005297 material degradation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012264 purified product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
- B01D53/0415—Beds in cartridges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
- B01D53/0446—Means for feeding or distributing gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/102—Carbon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/502—Carbon monoxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/702—Hydrocarbons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/80—Water
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/40003—Methods relating to valve switching
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/402—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using two beds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/414—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using different types of adsorbents
- B01D2259/4141—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using different types of adsorbents within a single bed
- B01D2259/4145—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using different types of adsorbents within a single bed arranged in series
- B01D2259/4146—Contiguous multilayered adsorbents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/45—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications
- B01D2259/4533—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications for medical purposes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/047—Pressure swing adsorption
Definitions
- This invention relates to a compressed gas purifier, and relates in particular to an apparatus and method for purifying compressed breathing air.
- compressed breathing air systems are used wherein the compressed air is passed through a (water removing) desiccant on its way to the operator air point, with the system being "closed down” at frequent intervals so that the desiccant container can be removed, either to allow desiccant replacement, or for the desiccant to be dried in in its container by being heated under conditions to drive off the water.
- Interval replacement of a desiccant can however introduce its own problems in that if if the interval is set too long then the desiccant will absorb too much water before being replaced and may form a coagulated mass, gradually reducing the air flow to the operator as well as becoming difficult to remove.
- a modified arrangement of two-unit apparatus, used for fractionating gaseous mixtures, is known from Skarstro US Patent 2,944,627, which teaches diverting some of the purified gas from one unit for use as (low-pressure) purge gas in the other unit.
- his arrangement suffers the disadvantage that the purge gas outlet valves are between the respective units and their inlet valve means (which control the flow of pressurised gas to each unit), so that his inlet valves are expected to operate whilst continually wetted by and perhaps submerged in liquid condensate, and may (dangerously) stick in position.
- a further problem with breathing air systems is that the air drawn into the compressor may include toxic vapours, whilst the compressor itself may produce others e.g. carbon monoxide fumes.
- I have therefore already proposed an arrangement which I have disclosed in my U.S. Patent 4746338) in which the breathing air to be purified is passed upwardly through a multi-section unit, each section containing at least one air purifying material effective to remove a respective (different) contaminant from compressed breathing air passing through the unit.
- Each section can retain the material dust which may arise from material degradation, so that a downstream dust filter may not be necessary; and each section (desiccant, catalyst etc) can be replaced at its specified "exhaustion" date without need to discard the other sections.
- my purifier may also be used to remove some or all of specified constituents from a gas for which the product gas flow should not be interrupted, and may also be used as a gas fractionating apparatus (with removal and separate regeneration of individual sections, and the separate retention of the adsorbed gas.) .
- a source for compressed gas to be purified 1. a source for compressed gas to be purified; 2. first and second contaminant-adsorbing units, each said unit having an inlet and an outlet, the outlet being above the inlet;
- first conduit means extending between said source and the inlet of the first unit, and second conduit means extending between the source and the inlet of said second unit;
- first purge inlet valve means controlling the flow of purge gas from the outlet of the first unit to and into the outlet of the second unit to permit the counterflow of purge gas through the second unit
- second purge inlet valve means controlling the flow of purge gas from the outlet of the second unit to and into the outlet of the first unit to permit the counterflow of purge gas through the first unit
- first purge outlet valve means to control the outflow of purge gas from the said first unit
- second purge outlet valve means to control the outflow of purge gas from the said second unit
- first timing means to permit opening of the first inlet valve means to provide the said connection only after closure of said first purge outlet valve means
- second timing means to permit opening of the second inlet valve means to provide the said connection only after closure of said first purge outlet valve means
- each drain port for each unit, each drain port alternately providing for its respective unit an inlet for a compressed gas to be purified, and an outlet for said purge gas.
- the conduit means will include a two-position transfer (inlet) shuttle valve for alternating the flow of gas e.g. compressed (breathing) air, to be purified to first one and then to the other of said units; and a two-position purge shuttle valve concurrently open to the other of the drain ports whilst the said one drain port is open to the compressed (breathing) air supply; the shuttle transfer valve ensures that the supplied air always flows through one or other of the units, to maintain the flow to the operator air point and thus to the operator.
- gas e.g. compressed (breathing) air
- the (lower pressure) purge air flowing from the drain port towards the purge valve can carry with it not only gaseous and vapour contaminants dis-adsorbed from the second unit, but also help remove surface water ⁇ a ⁇ from the unit sump, ⁇ b ⁇ from the pipework "downstream" (relative to the purge gas flow direction) of the drain port, and ⁇ c ⁇ from the inlet and shuttle valves.
- my purge valve is "upstream" relative to purge flow direction of a flow limiting valve such as a partly-open adjustable spring-opposed needle/ball valve.
- a flow limiting valve such as a partly-open adjustable spring-opposed needle/ball valve.
- This flow limiting valve is fitted because at the time the purge valve is closed to the second unit (as described in the preceding paragraph), it has also been opened to the first unit, thus opening a connection from the fully-pressurised unit to atmosphere; too rapid decompression of the first unit could perhaps rupture the purifying materials e.g. desiccant beads, and reduce their utility and create material dust settlement in the internal filters, and in the valves and pipework, and which in turn could restrict breathing air flow to the operator.
- the flow restrictor acts to limit the decompression rate, but at low pressure allows the full purge flow, without substantial restriction.
- the purge flow passage through the conduits, inlet transfer valve and purge outlet valve can be made of relatively large diameter, with minimum “back” pressure (pressure drop); the purge air passing through the unit being purged can thus be substantially at atmospheric pressure.
- timing of the changeover of the flow transfer valve and of the purge valve will be automatically controlled by a timing motor, usefully a pneumatically-operated motor to exclude the explosion risk when treating flammable gas (or operating in flammable atmospheres), and to avoid the need for an electrical supply.
- a timing motor usefully a pneumatically-operated motor to exclude the explosion risk when treating flammable gas (or operating in flammable atmospheres), and to avoid the need for an electrical supply.
- the controls can be arranged for manual operation.
- both units are multi-stage cartridge units as disclosed in my U.S. patent 4746338.
- I also propose a method for purifying compressed gas, such as breathing air, which includes a pair of adsorbent multi-section cartridges through which compressed gas to be purified is alternately passed in a regular cycle, and in which one of the cartridges is regenerated by the backflow of a portion of the purified gas through it at a relatively low pressure while the other cartridge is purifying the compressed gas, the said portion being purge gas characterised in that the compressed gas is arranged to flow in the said other cartridge in a direction opposed to the gravitational direction of water droplet flow towards a water drain, the purge gas being arranged to mass flow in the direction of water flow towards the drain whereby the purge gas flow can assist in the removal of water droplets through the drain port, and in that the flow of compressed gas to the units is controlled by a pair of valves coupled together and biassed so that one valve is open whilst the other is closed.
- Fig.1 is a side view of an assembled three section multi-stage compressed breathing air purifier cartridge, suitable for use in the invention, inside a unit housing;
- Fig.2 is an end view of the purifier cartridge of Fig.1;
- Fig.3 is a perspective view of a unit housing in which a second air purifier, identical to that of Fig.1 , is mounted;
- Fig. is a schematic piping diagram of a two-unit compressed breathing air purifying system.
- Fig.5 is a schematic view, partly in section, of the transfer and purge valves
- Fig.6 is of the transfer valve of Fig.5, but in another operative position;
- Fig.7 is a schematic view of a motor system suitable for use in the invention.
- a breathing air purifying unit 10 suitable for use in the continuous, automatic two-unit system of Fig.4 is shown in Figs 1-3.
- Fig.4 includes two such units (10,12) for which equivalent parts carry the same numbering but with suffix "a".
- both units 10,12 are identical i.e. of the same external shape, internal volume, and contained quantities of constituents.
- unit 10 is mounted vertically. It comprises a pressure vessel 14 clamped by elongate studs 16 and nuts 18 between closure cap 20, upper end ring 22 and lower end ring 24.
- upper end ring 22 includes port 26 as the outlet for pressurised breathing air; but in an alternative embodiment port 26 can be in closure cap 20.
- Lower end ring 24 includes drain port 28, also for an inlet 50,50a (Figs.2/4) for pressurised breathing air to be purified.
- an elongate cartridge comprising transparent plastics container sections 30,32 and 34 in end-to-end array, the sections being interconnected so that compressed air entering the lower end of section 30 will exit from the upper end of section 34.
- Section 30 contains a desiccant material
- section 32 contains a different air-purifying material such as activated charcoal to remove hydrocarbons
- section 34 contains another different air-purifying material, for instance catalyst to remove carbon monoxide.
- the purifying material can be in granular, rigid porous block or powdered form, and to prevent its escape the material is contained in its respective section by fine mesh retaining screens 36, which are held in position by end caps 38.
- Each section has internally a contaminant colour-change indicator strip 40; in this embodiment vessel 14 is also of a transparent plastics material so that the indicator is visible through the walls of the vessel 14 (so that the user can check the level or height reached by the adsorbed contaminant in that section, to give an immediate indication of correct function when the purifier is fully operational), but in an alternative embodiment the vessel 14 is of metal e.g. Aluminium, so that the contaminant level is checked after section removal from the vessel.
- the strip in section 30 may for instance include cobalt chloride or other reversible indicator which progressively changes colour when wetted, the strip being secured against movement in the air flow.
- a protective sleeve in the form of an open mesh 42 is fitted around the pressure vessel.
- Each unit 10,12 can be wall mounted by using a wall bracket 44 as shown in Fig.3, in this embodiment with straps/clips which clamp around elongate studs 16.
- the multi-section cartridge extends co-axially inside the pressure vessel 14, being of length to leave a small drain sump 46 at the lower end of pressure vessel 14.
- flange 48 is part of section 34; but in an alternative embodiment is part of a separate mounting piece.
- drain port 28 has nipple 50 located therein, nipple 50 acting alternately as a compressed air inlet member and as a purge air exit member, depending upon whether the unit 10 is currently on a duty cycle or a purge cycle.
- feed air from a compressor (not shown), in this embodiment at 7 bar, is introduced along supply line or source 60, and through a filter 62 to remove suspended particulate matter.
- Pressure-drop gauge 64 measures the loss of feed air pressure in filter 62, an excessive pressure drop warning that the filter 62 is becoming clogged and needs replacement.
- Transfer valve 66 in this embodiment includes a flip-flop shuttle 69 (Fig.5) comprising shaft 69a and lands 51,52,53, and pneumatic piston 54.
- Shuttle 69 has alternate "left hand” and “right hand” positions (in the valve cylinder), being biassed towards the right-hand position by spring 67; but in an alternative embodiment is a rotary valve having corresponding first and second angular positions.
- the cylinder of transfer valve 66 includes shoulders 71 ,73 which define the end positions for shuttle 69 i.e. the "left hand” and "right hand” positions.
- Pneumatic piston is of an area such that air at the prevailing pressure from line 1T4 (Fig.7) and as described in more detail below can (when connected to port 118) move pneumatic piston 54 and thus the shuttle against spring 67 into the "left hand” position (as in the schematic view of Fig.5); in the absence of compressed air from line 114, spring 67 moves the shuttle valve to its "right hand” position (Fig.6).
- Outlet line 70 includes a (high pressure) safety valve 72 and a low pressure alarm 74.
- Unit 10 includes a gauge 75, to indicate the pressure in the unit, which in this embodiment is 7 bar.
- Purge valve 86 includes shuttle 77 having shaft 58 carrying sealing land 55, spring abutment 56 and pneumatic piston 57. If shuttle is pneumatically biassed to its "left hand” position, purge air flows from port 136 to port 128i.e to the right (as seen in Fig.5) of land 56.
- purge air Downstream (in the direction of purge air flow) of purge valve 86, the purge air flows through conduit 87 and passes through flow limiting valve 88, to dump to atmosphere.
- the purge air can help remove for instance not only water vapour from the desiccant material in section 30a, and organic vapours and compounds, but also surface water deposited during a previous cycle, particularly from within the sump 46a, conduits 84a,85a, transfer valve 66, purge valve 86 and flow limiting valve 88.
- liquid flow is gravity-assisted because of the vertical disposition of the units and valves.
- a timer generally indicated in Fig.4 by arrow 90, includes a pneumatically-driven motor 92, which effects changeover of valves 66,86 by way of respective pneumatic drivers 94,96.
- the frequency of valve changeover is controlled by the selection of gearbox and cams, and is tuned by regulator 98.
- the air motor 92 rotatably drives a pair of coupled cams 102,104, which in turn operate resiliently-biassed reciprocating control rods 106,108 by way of respective cam followers 110,112.
- the control rods are connected to on/off valves in lines 114,116 leading respectively to transfer valve control port 118, and purge valve control port 120.
- the timing of the transfer valve and purge valve flip-flop movement is dependent on the cam forms, the relative cam angular positions and their angular velocity; in an alternative embodiment the cams 102/104 can be replaced by cams of different profile and/or their relative angular position and velocity can be changed.
- pneumatic driver 96 is arranged to transfer purge valve 86 to its opposed position just before pneumatic driver 94 causes changeover of transfer valve 66.
- pneumatic driver 96 is arranged to transfer purge valve 86 to its opposed position just before pneumatic driver 94 causes changeover of transfer valve 66.
- valve 66 shuttle 69
- Fig.6 the "right hand” position of Fig.6
- Fig.5 the "left hand” position of Fig.5
- there is not a sudden drop in the product air pressure in line 70 which might prove dangerous to an operator
- there is there a sudden increase in pressure in unit 12 which could cause damage to the contents by mechanical pressure shock
- this operator and system safety feature means that when transfer valve 66 is moved to its opposed position, in this example as mentioned above from the "right hand” position to the “left hand” position, air under pressure from unit 10 can flow back out through nipple 50, ports 122,124 of valve 66 and ports 126,128 of purge valve 86, and conduit 87 to atmosphere.
- this speed of out-flow is controlled by flow limiting valve 88.
- the flow limiting valve 88 is replaced by a flip-flop flow speed control valve (which can be identical to the purge valve 86 but with modified piping connections) i.e.
- conduit 87 is connected to the equvalent of port 128, the equivalent to port 126 is connected to atmosphere and the equivalent to port 136 is connected to a flow limiter; after initial (slow flow speed) decompression of a former duty unit with the purge flow inhibited by the flow limiter, the control pressure is applied so that the shuttle of the flow speed control valve is moved to its full flow position with substantially unrestricted purge flow.
- the shuttle of the flow speed control valve can be changed in flip-flop fashion by motor 92, as for the transfer valve 66 and purge valve 86.
- timer 90 can include a manual over-ride, should regulator 98 (which will normally be set prior to delivery to the user) give too infrequent a changeover for the duty required of a unit under particular circumstances.
- timer 98 can be replaced by a manual valve changeover system, perhaps dependent on observation of the colour change of contaminant indicator strips 40.
- Excessive water which has built up for example in sump 46 can be removed, without dismantling a unit, by the manual opening of dump valve 100 in line 84 (or 100a in line 84a) as required.
- the sump 46 provides a safety zone to reduce the likelihood that some of the desiccant even temporarily will be standing in water, should for instance there be a sudden large condensation phenomena arising from a combination of high humidity in the air drawn into the compressor, and low ambient temperature at the units.
- Discharge through dump valve 100 can be assisted if required by creating a small air pressure head in the unit.
- the manual drain valves 100,100a also allow the units to be completely de-pressurised should maintenance work be required.
- An advantage of the timer disclosed is that it is fully pneumatic and does not therefore create a hazard (e.g. a spark) in explosive atmospheres.
- I may also arrange for a graphical output record to be kept of the pressures recorded by gauges 75,75a over a set period.
- two multi-section cartridges are used, each in a separate housing; but more than two can be used, and in a single housing provided there are means to keep apart the compressed feed air and the purge air.
- the sump 46 is visible through the vessel walls so any water build-up can be seen, before the water level reaches the desiccant in the duty unit; and the drain valve 100 can then be opened, for example before the desiccant can coagulate and cut off the air flow to the operator.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
Abstract
Purificateur de gaz comprimé, notamment pour air de respiration comprimé, comprenant deux d'unités d'absorption des polluants, connectés pour absorber les oscillations de pression, et dont les soupapes d'entrée sont interconnectées mécaniquement. Dans le mode de réalisation décrit, la soupape d'entrée est une soupape à deux voies ayant trois surfaces d'étanchéité montées sur un arbre commun, ledit arbre formant l'interconnexion mécanique. On décrit également un procédé pour purifier le gaz comprimé.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB898900506A GB8900506D0 (en) | 1989-01-10 | 1989-01-10 | Compressed gas purifier |
| GB8900506 | 1989-01-10 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0453477A1 true EP0453477A1 (fr) | 1991-10-30 |
Family
ID=10649850
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19900901849 Withdrawn EP0453477A1 (fr) | 1989-01-10 | 1990-01-09 | Purificateur de gaz comprime |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0453477A1 (fr) |
| GB (2) | GB8900506D0 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1990007970A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0455779B1 (fr) * | 1989-10-27 | 1996-03-13 | Pall Corporation | Appareil et procede de sorption de composants d'un gaz |
| US5181942A (en) * | 1990-12-13 | 1993-01-26 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Continuous method for removing oil vapor from feed gases containing water vapor |
| DE4320942A1 (de) * | 1993-06-24 | 1995-01-05 | Carbotech Anlagenbau Gmbh | Adsorptionsbehälter für Kohlenstoffmolekularsieb |
| DE19532279C2 (de) * | 1995-09-01 | 1998-07-23 | Cs Halbleiter Solartech | Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von Gasen, die ozonabbauende und/oder klimawirksame halogenierte Verbindungen enthalten |
| RU2170134C1 (ru) * | 2000-03-10 | 2001-07-10 | Государственный научно-исследовательский институт органической химии и технологии | Динамический адсорбционный прибор |
| FR2841153B1 (fr) * | 2002-06-21 | 2004-07-23 | Air Liquide | Procede de regulation d'une unite de traitement, par adsorption a modulation de pression, d'au moins un gaz de charge |
| GB201017808D0 (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2010-12-01 | Univ Salford The | An air spring |
| PL2759733T3 (pl) | 2013-01-29 | 2018-09-28 | Vibracoustic Gmbh | Sprężyna pneumatyczna z materiałem adsorpcyjnym |
| GB201405647D0 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2014-05-14 | Carbon Air Ltd | Transfer method and apparatus |
| BE1024244B9 (nl) * | 2016-04-08 | 2018-02-05 | Atlas Copco Airpower Nv | Een droger voor het drogen van persgas en werkwijze voor het regenereren van een droogmateriaal vervat in de droger. |
| CN114642941B (zh) * | 2022-03-11 | 2023-08-11 | 华能(浙江)能源开发有限公司清洁能源分公司 | 一种海上风机单桩基础异味气体处理装置 |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1052066A (fr) * | ||||
| GB1068830A (en) * | 1963-12-11 | 1967-05-17 | Dryvent Ltd | Improvements in methods of and apparatus for fractionating gaseous mixtures |
| US3323292A (en) * | 1964-12-01 | 1967-06-06 | Dielectric Products Engineerin | Apparatus for fractionating gaseous mixtures |
| GB1168102A (en) * | 1966-07-13 | 1969-10-22 | Lloyd And Hillman Ltd | A Timing and Switching Valve Apparatus and an Apparatus for Processing Air or other Gas including the same |
| GB1481538A (en) * | 1974-09-03 | 1977-08-03 | Bendix Corp | Molecular sieve-barium dioxide-oxygen generation |
| SE411707B (sv) * | 1978-02-20 | 1980-02-04 | Geveko Ind Ab | Anordning vid torkanleggningen for tryckluft |
| US4197095A (en) * | 1978-08-31 | 1980-04-08 | Pall Corporation | Heatless adsorbent fractionators with microprocessor cycle control and process |
| US4322223A (en) * | 1979-03-30 | 1982-03-30 | Pall Corporation | Adsorbent fractionators with electronic sequence timer cycle control and process |
| US4349357A (en) * | 1980-06-23 | 1982-09-14 | Stanley Aviation Corporation | Apparatus and method for fractionating air and other gaseous mixtures |
| EP0046369B2 (fr) * | 1980-08-18 | 1990-02-28 | Normalair-Garrett (Holdings) Limited | Systèmes de séparation de gaz du type tamis moléculaire |
| DE3040495C2 (de) * | 1980-10-28 | 1986-10-23 | Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden | Ventilsteuerung |
| US4519819A (en) * | 1984-08-23 | 1985-05-28 | Roanoke College | Precoalescer unit |
| GB8421962D0 (en) * | 1984-08-30 | 1984-10-03 | Boc Group Plc | Separation of gaseous mixture |
| GB2189167B (en) * | 1986-04-15 | 1989-11-29 | Willpower Compressed Air Syst | Gas filter |
-
1989
- 1989-01-10 GB GB898900506A patent/GB8900506D0/en active Pending
-
1990
- 1990-01-09 GB GB9000498A patent/GB2227686B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-01-09 EP EP19900901849 patent/EP0453477A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1990-01-09 WO PCT/GB1990/000026 patent/WO1990007970A1/fr not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO9007970A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2227686B (en) | 1993-02-17 |
| GB8900506D0 (en) | 1989-03-08 |
| GB9000498D0 (en) | 1990-03-07 |
| WO1990007970A1 (fr) | 1990-07-26 |
| GB2227686A (en) | 1990-08-08 |
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